I-GitOps: enye i-buzzword okanye impumelelo kwi-automation?

Uninzi lwethu, ngokuqaphela elinye igama elitsha kwi-IT blogosphere okanye inkomfa, ngokukhawuleza okanye kamva ubuze umbuzo ofanayo: "Yintoni le? Elinye nje igama elithi buzzword, "i-buzzword" okanye into ekufanele ngokwenene ukuhoywa ngokusondeleyo, ukufunda kunye nesithembiso sombono omtsha? Kwenzeka into efanayo nakum ngekota GitOps kwixesha elidlulileyo. Exhobe ngamanqaku amaninzi akhoyo, kunye nolwazi lwabalingane abavela kwinkampani GitLab, Ndazama ukufumanisa ukuba luhlobo luni lwerhamncwa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunokubonakala njani ekusebenzeni.

Ngendlela, malunga nokutsha kwekota GitOps Uphando lwethu lwakutsha nje lukwathi: ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabo babuzwayo abakaqalisi ukusebenza ngemigaqo yalo.

Ke, ingxaki yolawulo lweziseko zophuhliso ayintshanga. Uninzi lwababoneleli ngamafu sele lukhona kuluntu ngokubanzi iminyaka elishumi elinambini kwaye, kubonakala ngathi, bekufanele ukuba benze umsebenzi wamaqela anoxanduva lweziseko ezingundoqo ube lula kwaye uthe ngqo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yophuhliso lwesicelo (apho i-automation ifikelela kumanqanaba amatsha), iiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso zisabandakanya imisebenzi emininzi yezandla kwaye zifuna ulwazi olukhethekileyo kunye nobuchule, ngakumbi kwiimfuno zanamhlanje zokunyamezela iimpazamo, ukuguquguquka, ukuqina kunye nokunwebeka.

Iinkonzo zamafu zizalisekise ezi mfuno ngempumelelo kwaye zizo ezinike amandla amakhulu kuphuhliso lwendlela IaC. Oku kuyaqondakala. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, yenze ukuba kube lula ukuqwalasela iziko ledatha lenyani ngokupheleleyo: akukho ziseva zomzimba, iiracks, okanye izixhobo zenethiwekhi; Isiseko sonke sinokuchazwa kusetyenziswa izikripthi kunye neefayile zoqwalaselo.

Ngoko yintoni kanye kanye umahluko? GitOps ukusuka IaC? Kwaba ngalo mbuzo apho ndaqala khona uphando lwam. Emva kokuthetha noogxa bam, ndiye ndakwazi ukuza nolu thelekiso lulandelayo:

GitOps

IaC

Yonke ikhowudi igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina igit

Uguqulelo lwekhowudi alunyanzelekanga

INkcazelo yeKhowudi yesibhengezo / ukungabi namandla

Zombini iinkcazo ezichazayo nezinyanzelekileyo zamkelekile

Utshintsho lwenzeka kusetyenziswa iindlela zokudityaniswa kweSicelo / Ukutsalwa kwesicelo

Imvumelwano, imvume kunye nentsebenziswano azikhethi

Inkqubo yokukhutshwa kohlaziyo iyazenzekela

Inkqubo yokukhutshwa kohlaziyo ayilungelelaniswanga (okuzenzekelayo, ngesandla, ukukopa iifayile, ukusebenzisa umgca womyalelo, njl.njl.)

Ngamanye amazwi GitOps wazalwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokusetyenziswa kwemigaqo IaC. Okokuqala, iziseko ezingundoqo kunye nolungelelwaniso ngoku zinokugcinwa ngendlela efanayo nosetyenziso. Ikhowudi kulula ukuyigcina, kulula ukwabelana, thelekisa, kunye nokusebenzisa amandla oguqulelo. Iinguqulelo, amasebe, imbali. Kwaye konke oku kwindawo efikeleleka esidlangalaleni kwiqela lonke. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zolawulo lwenguqulelo kwaba luphuhliso lwendalo ngokupheleleyo. Ngokukodwa, i-git, njengeyona idumileyo.

Kwelinye icala, kube nokwenzeka ukuzenzela iinkqubo zolawulo lweziseko ezingundoqo. Ngoku oku kunokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza, ngokuthembekileyo ngakumbi nangexabiso eliphantsi. Ngapha koko, imigaqo ye-CI / CD yayisele isaziwa kwaye idumile phakathi kwabaphuhlisi besoftware. Kwakuyimfuneko kuphela ukudlulisa kunye nokusebenzisa ulwazi olusele lusaziwa kunye nezakhono kwindawo entsha. Ezi zenzo, nangona kunjalo, ziye ngaphaya kwenkcazo esemgangathweni ye-Infrastructure njengekhowudi, ngoko ke ingcamango GitOps.

Umdla GitOps, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwakhona kwinto yokuba akusiyo imveliso, i-plugin okanye iqonga elihambelana nawuphi na umthengisi. Ingaphezulu kweparadigm kunye neseti yemigaqo, efana nelinye igama esiliqhelileyo: DevOps.

Kwinkampani GitLab siphuhlise iingcaciso ezimbini zeli gama litsha: ithiyori kunye nezenzo. Masiqale ngethiyori:

I-GitOps yindlela ethatha eyona migaqo ilungileyo ye-DevOps esetyenziselwa uphuhliso lwesicelo, njengolawulo lwenguqulelo, intsebenziswano, i-orchestration, i-CI/CD, kwaye iyisebenzisa kwimingeni yolawulo lweziseko ezizisebenzelayo.

Zonke iinkqubo GitOps Ndisebenza usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhoyo. Yonke ikhowudi yeziseko zophuhliso igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina i-git esele iqhelekile, utshintsho luhamba kwinkqubo yokuvunywa njengayo nayiphi na enye ikhowudi yeprogram, kwaye inkqubo yokukhupha i-automated, evumela ukuba sinciphise iimpazamo zomntu, ukwandisa ukuthembeka kunye nokuveliswa kwakhona.

Ukusuka kwimbono ebonakalayo, sichaza GitOps ngolu hlobo:

Sele sixoxe ngeziseko zophuhliso njengekhowudi njengenye yezinto eziphambili zale fomula. Masazise abanye abathathi-nxaxheba.

Dibanisa isicelo (elinye igama Tsala isicelo). Ngokwemigaqo yenkqubo, uMR sisicelo sokusebenzisa utshintsho lwekhowudi kwaye emva koko udibanise amasebe. Kodwa ngokwezixhobo esizisebenzisayo, eli lithuba elininzi lokufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo walo lonke utshintsho olwenziwayo: ingeyiyo kuphela ikhowudi eyahlukileyo eqokelelwe kwinani elithile lokuzibophelela, kodwa kunye nomxholo, iziphumo zovavanyo, isiphumo esilindelekileyo sokugqibela. Ukuba sithetha ngekhowudi yeziseko zophuhliso, ngoko sinomdla kwindlela echanekileyo ngayo isiseko siya kutshintsha, zingaphi izixhobo ezitsha eziza kongezwa okanye zisuswe, zitshintshwe. Ngokukhethekileyo kwifomathi elungele ngakumbi kwaye kulula ukuyifunda. Kubaboneleli bamafu, luluvo oluhle ukwazi ukuba ifuthe lezemali lolu tshintsho liya kuba yintoni.

Kodwa uMR ukwayindlela yentsebenziswano, intsebenziswano kunye nonxibelelwano. Indawo apho inkqubo yokutshekishwa kunye nokulinganisa ingena khona. Ukusuka kwizimvo ezilula ukuya kulwamkelo olusesikweni kunye nolwamkelo.

Ewe, icandelo lokugqibela: I-CI / CD, njengoko sele sisazi, yenza ukuba kwenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo yokwenza utshintsho lweziseko kunye novavanyo (ukusuka ekuhloleni i-syntax elula ukuya kuhlalutyo olunzima lwekhowudi ye-static). Kwaye kwakhona ekubhaqweni okulandelayo kwe-drift: umahluko phakathi kwemeko yokwenyani kunye nenqwenelekayo yenkqubo. Umzekelo, ngenxa yotshintsho olungagunyaziswanga ngesandla okanye ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo.

Ewe, igama GitOps akasazisi kuyo nantoni na entsha ngokupheleleyo, ayiphindi ivili, kodwa isebenzisa amava asele eqokelelwe kwindawo entsha. Kodwa kulapho alele khona amandla akhe.

Kwaye ukuba ngequbuliso uba nomdla kwindlela yonke le ibonakala ngayo ekusebenzeni, ke ndikumema ukuba ujonge yethu yeklasi kwiklasi, apho ndikuxelela inyathelo ngenyathelo indlela yokusebenzisa iGitLab:

• Phumeza imigaqo esisiseko yeGitOps

• Yenza kwaye wenze utshintsho kwisiseko selifu (usebenzisa umzekelo weYandex Cloud)

• Ukubhaqa okuzenzekelayo kwenkqubo yokukhukuliseka kwimo efunekayo kusetyenziswa iliso elisebenzayo

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umthombo: www.habr.com