Nangexesha lentlekele kuhlala kukho ixesha lekomityi yeti
I-DRP (isicwangciso sokubuyisela intlekele) yinto engasoze ifuneke. Kodwa ukuba ngequbuliso iibhiva ziyafuduka ngexesha lokukhwelana ziluma umqolo wefiber optical okanye umlawuli omncinci wehlisa isiseko esivelisayo, ngokuqinisekileyo uyafuna ukuqiniseka ukuba uya kuba nesicwangciso esenziwe kwangaphambili sokuba wenze ntoni ngalo lonke eli hlazo.
Ngelixa abathengi bexhalabile baqala ukunqumla iifowuni zenkxaso yezobuchwepheshe, i-junior ikhangela i-cyanide, uvula ngobulumko imvulophu ebomvu kwaye uqale ukubeka yonke into ngokufanelekileyo.
Kule post ndifuna ukwabelana ngeengcebiso malunga nendlela yokubhala i-DRP kunye nokuba kufuneka iqulethe ntoni. Siza kujonga kwakhona ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Masifunde ukucinga njengomntu okhohlakeleyo.
- Makhe sijonge iinzuzo zekomityi yeti ngexesha le-apocalypse.
- Makhe sicinge ngesakhiwo esifanelekileyo se-DRP
- Makhe sibone indlela yokuyivavanya
Zeziphi iinkampani ezinokuba luncedo kuzo?
Kunzima kakhulu ukuzoba umgca xa isebe le-IT liqala ukufuna izinto ezinjalo. Ndingathi uyayidinga i-DRP ukuba:
- Ukumisa umncedisi, usetyenziso okanye ukulahlekelwa kwedatha ethile kuya kukhokelela kwilahleko enkulu kwishishini lilonke.
- Unesebe le-IT elipheleleyo. Ngokwengqiqo yesebe ngendlela yeyunithi epheleleyo yenkampani, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kwaye kungekhona nje abasebenzi abambalwa abadiniweyo ababeka inethiwekhi, ukucoca iintsholongwane kunye nokuzalisa abashicileli.
- Unohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluyinyani ubuncinane lokungafuneki emsebenzini xa kukho imeko kaxakeka.
Xa isebe le-IT liye lacela iinyanga ubuncinane ubuncinane bee-HDD kwi-server endala ye-backups, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukwazi ukuququzelela intshukumo epheleleyo yenkonzo engaphumelelanga ukugcina umthamo. Nangona apha amaxwebhu akayi kuba yinto engafanelekanga.
Amaxwebhu abalulekile
Qala ngamaxwebhu. Masithi inkonzo yakho isebenza kwiskripthi sePerl esabhalwa kwizizukulwana ezithathu ezidlulileyo ngabaphathi, kodwa akukho mntu uyaziyo ukuba isebenza njani. Ityala lobugcisa eliqokelelweyo kunye nokungabikho kwamaxwebhu ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kukudubula kungekuphela nje emadolweni, kodwa nakwamanye amalungu, yinto engaphezulu kwexesha.
Wakuba unenkcazelo entle yamacandelo enkonzo, jonga ubalo lwengozi. Ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, idiski yakho igcwala amaxesha ngamaxesha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-node ingaphumeleli de icocwe ngesandla. Okanye inkonzo yomxhasi ayifumaneki ngenxa yokuba kukho umntu ophinde walibala ukuhlaziya isatifikethi, kwaye uLet Encrypt akakwazanga okanye akavumanga ukusiqwalasela.
Iingcinga njengomonakalisi
Eyona nto inzima kukuqikelela ezo ngozi ezingazange zenzeke ngaphambili, kodwa ezinokuthi ziphazamise inkonzo yakho ngokupheleleyo. Apha mna noogxa bam sidla ngokudlala abantu abakhohlakeleyo. Thatha ikofu eninzi kunye nento emnandi kwaye uzivalele kwigumbi lentlanganiso. Qiniseka ukuba kwalu thethwano olufanayo utshixa kwezo njineli ziphuhlise inkonzo ekujoliswe kuyo okanye zisebenza rhoqo nazo. Emva koko, ebhodini okanye ephepheni, uqala ukuzoba zonke izinto ezoyikisayo ezinokuthi zenzeke kwinkonzo yakho. Akuyomfuneko ukuya kwiinkcukacha ukuya kwinenekazi elithile lokucoca kunye nokukhupha iintambo; kwanele ukuqwalasela imeko "Yokwaphulwa kwemfezeko yenethiwekhi yendawo."
Ngokuqhelekileyo, uninzi lweemeko zonxunguphalo ziwela kwezi ntlobo zilandelayo:
- Ukusilela kwenethiwekhi
- Ukusilela kweenkonzo ze-OS
- Ukusilela kwesicelo
- Ukusilela kwentsimbi
- Ukungaphumeleli kokwenziwa kwenyani
Jonga nje uhlobo ngalunye kwaye ubone oko kusebenza kwinkonzo yakho. Umzekelo, i-Nginx daemon inokuwa kwaye ingavuki - oku kuthetha ukungaphumeleli kwicala le-OS. Imeko enqabileyo ebangela ukuba isicelo sakho sewebhu sisilele kukungaphumeleli kwesoftware. Ngelixa usebenza kweli nqanaba, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwengxaki. Indlela yokwahlula i-interface efriziweyo kwi-virtualization evela kwi-cis drive ewileyo kunye nengozi yenethiwekhi, umzekelo. Oku kubalulekile ukufumana ngokukhawuleza abo banoxanduva kwaye baqale ukutsala umsila wabo de ingozi isonjululwe.
Emva kokuba iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zibhalwe phantsi, sigalela ikofu eninzi kwaye siqale ukuqwalasela iimeko ezingaqhelekanga, xa ezinye iiparitha ziqala ukuya ngaphaya kwesiqhelo. Umzekelo:
- Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ixesha kwi-node esebenzayo libuyela umva ngomzuzu xa lithelekiswa nabanye kwiqela?
- Kuthekani ukuba ixesha liya phambili, kuthekani ukuba ngeminyaka eli-10?
- Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-cluster node ngequbuliso iphulukana nenethiwekhi yayo ngexesha longqamaniso?
- Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iindawo ezimbini zonxibelelwano azinabelani ngobunkokeli ngenxa yokwahlukaniswa okwethutyana kunxibelelwano?
Kweli nqanaba, indlela yokubuyela umva iluncedo kakhulu. Uthatha elona lungu linenkani leqela elinombono ogulayo kwaye umnike umsebenzi wokuququzelela i-sabotage ngexesha elifutshane eliya kuwisa inkonzo. Ukuba kunzima ukuxilonga, nokuba ngcono. Awuyi kukholelwa ukuba zeziphi iingcamango ezingaqhelekanga kunye nezipholileyo iinjineli eziza nazo ukuba ubanika ingcamango yokwaphula into. Kwaye ukuba ubathembisa ibhentshi yokuvavanya oku, kulungile.
Yintoni le yeDRP yakho?!
Ke uyichazile imodeli yakho yesoyikiso. Bakwathathele ingqalelo abahlali basekhaya abasika iintambo zefiber optic bekhangela ubhedu, kunye nerada yomkhosi ewisa umgca wonomathotholo ngokungqongqo ngooLwezihlanu ngo-16:46. Ngoku kufuneka siqonde ukuba senze ntoni ngayo yonke le nto.
Umsebenzi wakho kukubhala ezo mvulophu zibomvu kakhulu eziya kuvulwa ngexesha likaxakeka. Ngokukhawuleza ulindele ukuba xa (kungekhona ukuba!) Yonke into ifikelela esiphelweni, kuphela oyena mfundi ungenamava uya kuba kufutshane, izandla zakhe ziya kugubha ngamandla ngenxa yokoyikeka kwento eyenzekayo. Jonga indlela iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo eziphunyezwa ngayo kwiiofisi zonyango. Ngokomzekelo, yintoni enokuyenza xa kukho ukothuka kwe-anaphylactic. Abasebenzi bezonyango bayazazi zonke iiprothokholi ngentliziyo, kodwa xa umntu okufutshane eqala ukusweleka, rhoqo wonke umntu ubamba ngokungenakunceda kuyo yonke into ebonwayo. Ukwenza oku, kukho imiyalelo ecacileyo eludongeni enezinto ezinje "vula ipakethe yento enjalo kunye nokunye" kunye "nokulawula iiyunithi ezininzi zechiza ngemithambo yegazi."
Kunzima ukucinga ngexesha likaxakeka! Kufuneka kubekho imiyalelo elula yokwahlula umqolo.
I-DRP elungileyo ineebhloko ezininzi ezilula:
- Ngubani oza kwazisa malunga nokuqala kwengozi. Oku kubalulekile ukwenzela ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yokuphelisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Indlela yokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo - yenza umkhondo, jonga kwi-systemctl status servicename njalo njalo.
- Lingakanani ixesha onokulichitha kwinqanaba ngalinye? Ukuba awunalo ixesha lokuyilungisa ngesandla ngaphakathi kwexesha le-SLA, umatshini obonakalayo uyabulawa kwaye uguqulwe umva kwi-backup izolo.
- Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba ingozi iphelile.
Khumbula ukuba i-DRP iqala xa inkonzo isilele ngokupheleleyo kwaye iphele xa inkonzo ibuyiselwe, nokuba kuncitshisiwe ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukuphulukana nje nogcino akufuneki kubangele i-DRP. Unako nokubhala ikomityi yeti kwi-DRP. Ngokunyanisekileyo. Ngokwezibalo, iingozi ezininzi zijika zisuka ezingemnandanga zibe yintlekele ngenxa yokuba abasebenzi bephakuzela bengxamele ukulungisa into ethile, ngaxeshanye bebulala i-node ephilayo kuphela ngedatha okanye ekugqibeleni bagqibezele iqela. Njengomthetho, imizuzu emi-5 ngekomityi yeti iya kukunika ixesha lokuzola kwaye uhlalutye okwenzekayo.
Musa ukubhidanisa i-DRP kunye nepasipoti yenkqubo! Musa ukuyilayisha kakhulu ngedatha engeyomfuneko. Yenza nje ukuba kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo ukusebenzisa i-hyperlink ukuya kwicandelo elifunwayo lamaxwebhu kwaye ufunde kwifomathi eyandisiweyo malunga namacandelo ayimfuneko okwakhiwa kwenkonzo. Kwaye kwi-DRP ngokwayo kukho imiyalelo ethe ngqo kuphela apho kunye nendlela yokudibanisa nemiyalelo ethile yokukhuphela-unamathisele.
Indlela yokuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo
Qinisekisa ukuba nawuphi na umqeshwa onoxanduva uyakwazi ukugqiba zonke izinto. Ngowona mzuzu ubalulekileyo, kunokuvela ukuba injineli ayinamalungelo okufikelela kwinkqubo efunekayo, akukho magama ayimfihlo kwiakhawunti efunekayo, okanye akanalo nofifi lokuba yintoni “Qhagamshela kwinkonzo yolawulo lwenkonzo ngokusebenzisa ummeli undlunkulu” uthetha. Inqaku ngalinye kufuneka libe lula kakhulu.
Ayilunganga - "Yiya kwi-virtualization kwaye uqalise kwakhona indawo efileyo"
Ngileyo - "Qhagamshela usebenzisa ujongano lwewebhu kwi-virt.example.com, kwicandelo leendawo, qala ngokutsha indawo ebangela impazamo."
Kuphephe ukucaciswa. Khumbula umfundisi-ntsapho owoyikayo.
Qiniseka ukuba uvavanya i-DRP. Esi ayisosicwangciso nje sokubonisa - yinto eya kukuvumela wena kunye nabaxhasi bakho ukuba niphume ngokukhawuleza kwimeko enzima. Kungcono ukwenza oku amaxesha amaninzi:
- Enye ingcaphephe kunye nabafundi abaliqela basebenza kwibhentshi yovavanyo elinganisa inkonzo yokwenyani kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ingcali iphula inkonzo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye yenza abaqeqeshwayo ukuba bayibuyisele ngokwe-DRP. Zonke iingxaki, ukungacaci kwamaxwebhu kunye neempazamo zirekhodwa. Emva kokuba abaqeqeshwayo beqeqeshiwe, i-DRP iyandiswa kwaye yenziwe lula kwiindawo ezingacacanga.
- Uvavanyo kwinkonzo yokwenyani. Ngapha koko, awunakuze wenze ikopi egqibeleleyo yenkonzo yokwenyani. Ke ngoko, amaxesha ambalwa ngonyaka kuyimfuneko ukucima rhoqo ezinye zeeseva, uqhagamshelo lokuqhawula kwaye ubangele ezinye iintlekele kuluhlu lwezoyikiso ukuze uvavanye umyalelo wokubuyisela. Ukungaphumeleli okucwangcisiweyo kwemizuzu eyi-10 phakathi kobusuku kungcono kunokusilela ngokukhawuleza kwiiyure ezininzi ngexesha lomthwalo ophezulu kunye nokulahleka kwedatha.
- Ukusombulula ingxaki ngokwenene. Ewe, oku kukwayinxalenye yovavanyo. Ukuba kwenzeka ingozi eyayingekho kuluhlu lwezoyikiso, kuyimfuneko ukuncedisa kunye nokugqiba i-DRP ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zophando lwayo.
Amanqaku aphambili
- Ukuba i-shit ingenzeka, ayizukwenzeka kuphela, kodwa iya kukwenza oko kweyona ntlekele inokwenzeka.
- Qinisekisa ukuba unezixhobo zokudlulisa umthwalo ongxamisekileyo.
- Qinisekisa ukuba unazo ii-backups, zenziwe ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye zitshekishwe rhoqo ukuhambelana.
- Cinga ngeemeko eziqhelekileyo zoyikiso.
- Nika iinjineli ithuba lokuza neendlela ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni zokuzisa inkonzo.
- I-DRP kufuneka ibe ngumyalelo olula kwaye ocacileyo. Lonke uxilongo oluntsonkothileyo lwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba inkonzo yabathengi ibuyiselwe. Nokuba ikwindawo egciniweyo.
- Nika iinombolo zefowuni eziphambili kunye nabafowunelwa kwi-DRP.
- Vavanya ukuqonda kwabasebenzi i-DRP rhoqo.
- Lungiselela iingozi ezicwangcisiweyo kwiindawo zemveliso. Izitendi azinakutshintsha yonke into.
umthombo: www.habr.com