Kule nqaku ndifuna ukwabelana ngamava am okusebenzisa iinkqubo zomthombo ovulekileyo weZabbix kunye neGrafana ukujonga ukusebenza kwemigca yokuvelisa. Ulwazi lunokuba luncedo kwabo bafuna indlela ekhawulezayo yokubonisa ngokubonakalayo okanye ukuhlalutya idatha eqokelelweyo kwi-industrial automation okanye iiprojekthi ze-IoT. Eli nqaku ayisosifundo esineenkcukacha, kodwa ingqikelelo yenkqubo yokubeka iliso esekwe kwisoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo weplanti yokuvelisa.
Izixhobo
Zabbix β kudala siyisebenzisa ukubeka iliso kwiziseko ezingundoqo ze-IT zomzi-mveliso. Inkqubo yajika yaba yinto elula kwaye jikelele kangangokuba saqala ukufaka idatha kwimigca yokuvelisa, iinzwa kunye nabalawuli kuyo. Oku kusivumele ukuba siqokelele yonke idatha yeemetrics kwindawo enye, senze iigrafu ezilula zokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo, kodwa ngokwenene sasingenalo uhlalutyo kunye neegrafu ezintle.
IGrafana sisixhobo esinamandla sokuhlalutya kunye nokubonwa kwedatha. Inani elikhulu leeplagi likuvumela ukuba uthathe idatha kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo (i-zabbix, i-clickhouse, i-influxDB), uyiqhube kwi-fly (bala ixabiso eliphakathi, isamba, umehluko, njl.) kwaye udwebe zonke iintlobo zeegrafu (ukusuka kwimigca elula, isantya, iitheyibhile ukuya kwidayagram ezintsonkothileyo ).
Zoba.io -inkonzo evumela ukuba udwebe kwi-diagram yebhloko elula kwiplani yomgangatho kumhleli we-intanethi. Zininzi iitemplates esele zenziwe kunye nezinto ezotyiweyo. Idatha ingathunyelwa ngaphandle kuzo zonke iifomati ezinkulu zegraphic okanye i-xml.
Ukubeka konke kunye
Kukho amanqaku amaninzi abhaliweyo malunga nendlela yokufaka kunye nokuqwalasela iGrafana kunye neZabbix, ndiya kukuxelela malunga neendawo eziphambili zokucwangcisa.
"I-node yenethiwekhi" (i-host) yenziwe kwi-server ye-Zabbix, eya kuba ngumnikazi "wezinto zedatha" (izinto) kunye neemetrics ezivela kwi-sensors zethu. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucinge ngamagama eendibano kunye nezinto zedatha kwangaphambili kwaye uzenze zicwangciswe ngokusemandleni, kuba siya kufikelela kuzo ukusuka kwigrafana ngokusebenzisa intetho eqhelekileyo. Le ndlela ifanelekile kuba unokufumana idatha kwiqela lezinto ngesicelo esinye.
Ukuqwalasela igrafana kuya kufuneka ufakele iiplagi ezongezelelweyo:
- I-Zabbix ngu-Alexander Zobnin (i-alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app) - ukudibanisa kunye ne-zabbix
- Iphaneli ye-natel-discrete-iplagi yokubonisa ngokucacileyo kwigrafu ethe tye
- Iphaneli ye-pierosavi-imageit-plugin yokubonisa idatha phezulu kumfanekiso wakho
- Iphaneli ye-agenty-flowcharting-iplagi yokubonisa okuguquguqukayo komzobo ovela kwi-draw.io
Udibaniso kunye neZabbix ngokwayo iqwalaselwe kwigrafana, umba wemenyu ConfigurationData sourcesZabbix. Apho kufuneka uchaze idilesi yomncedisi we api zabbix, yile nto ndinayo , kwaye ungene ngegama lokugqitha ukuze ufikelelo. Ukuba yonke into yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, xa ugcina izicwangciso kuya kubakho umyalezo kunye nenombolo ye-api version: i-zabbix API version: 5.0.1
Ukwenza iDashboard
Kulapho umlingo weGrafana kunye neeplagi zayo ziqala khona.
Natel-discrete-panel plugin
Sinedatha malunga nobume beemoto kwimigca (ukusebenza = 1, ukungasebenzi = 0). Ngokusebenzisa igrafu ecacileyo, sinokuzoba isikali esiya kubonisa: imeko ye-injini, mingaphi imizuzu/iiyure okanye i-% esebenzileyo kwaye iqaliswe kangaphi.
Ukubonwa kweemeko zenjini
Ngokombono wam, le yenye yeegrafu ezilungileyo zokujonga ukusebenza kwehardware. Unokubona kwangoko ukuba ide kangakanani ingasebenzi kwaye zeziphi iindlela esebenza rhoqo. Kunokubakho idatha eninzi, kuyenzeka ukuba zidityaniswe ngoluhlu, uguqule ngokwamaxabiso (ukuba ixabiso ngu "1", emva koko ubonise njengo "ON")
Iplagi ye-pierosavi-imageit-panel
I-Imageit ikulungele ukusebenzisa xa sele unomzobo ozotyiweyo okanye isicwangciso somgangatho apho ufuna ukufaka khona idatha evela kuluvo. Kwiisetingi zokujonga, kufuneka ucacise i-URL kumfanekiso kwaye wongeze izinto zoluvo ozifunayo. I element ibonakala kumfanekiso kwaye inokubekwa kwindawo efunwayo nge mouse.
Umzobo wesithando somlilo kunye nobushushu kunye neemetriki zoxinzelelo
i-agent-flowcharting-panel plugin
Ndingathanda ukuthetha ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nokudala i-FlowCharting visualization, njengoko sisixhobo esisebenza ngokumangalisayo. Ikuvumela ukuba wenze umzobo oguqukayo we-mnemonic, izinto eziza kusabela kumaxabiso eemethrikhi (tshintsha umbala, isikhundla, igama, njl.njl.).
Ukufumana idatha
Ukudalwa kwayo nayiphi na into ebonakalayo kwiGrafana iqala ngesicelo sedatha evela kumthombo, kwimeko yethu yi-zabbix. Ukusebenzisa imibuzo, kufuneka sifumane zonke iimetrikhi esifuna ukuzisebenzisa kumzobo. Iinkcukacha zometriki ngamagama ezinto zedatha kwi-Zabbix; ungakhankanya nokuba imetric nganye okanye iseti ehluzwe ngokuvakaliswa rhoqo. Kumzekelo wam, indawo ye-Item iqulethe intetho: β/(^layini 1)|(ubukho)|(zucchini)/β- oku kuthetha ukuba: khetha zonke iimetrics ezigama liqala ngokungqongqo ngo βline 1β okanye iqulathe igama elithi βubukho β okanye iqulethe igama elithi "zucchini"
Umzekelo wokumisela isicelo sedatha kwiinjini zomgca wokuqala kunye nokufumaneka kwezinto ezibonakalayo
Uguqulo lwedatha
Idatha yomthombo isenokungasoloko ikwimo esifuna ukuyibonisa ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, sinedatha yomzuzu ngomzuzu malunga nobunzima bemveliso kwisitya (kg), kwaye kufuneka sibonise izinga lokuzaliswa kwi-t / iyure. Ndenza oku ngale ndlela ilandelayo: Ndithatha idatha yobunzima kwaye ndiyiguqule kunye nomsebenzi we-grafana delta, obala umahluko phakathi kwamaxabiso e-metric, ngoko ubunzima bangoku bujika bube yi-kg/min. Emva koko ndiphinda-phinda ngo-0.06 ukufumana isiphumo kwiitoni/ngeyure. Kuba ubunzima bemetric busetyenziswa kwimibuzo emininzi, ndichaza igama elitsha kuyo (setAlias) kwaye ndiya kuyisebenzisa kumgaqo wokubonwa.
Umzekelo wokusebenzisa i-delta kunye ne-multiplier parameter kunye nokuthiya ngokutsha imetriki kumbuzo
Nanku omnye umzekelo wokuguqulwa kwedatha: Bendifuna ukubala inani leebhetshi (ukuqala komjikelo = ukuqala kwenjini). I-metric ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwisimo se-injini "umgca we-1 - impompo yepompo evela kwi-tank 1 (isimo)". Utshintsho: sitshintsha idatha yemetric yokuqala kunye nomsebenzi wedelta (umahluko wamaxabiso), ngoko ke i-metric iya kuba nexabiso "+1" lokuqalisa injini, "-1" yokumisa kunye no "0" xa injini isenza. ayitshintshi isimo sayo. Emva koko ndisusa onke amaxabiso angaphantsi kwe-1 kwaye ndiwashwankathele. Isiphumo linani le-injini eqalayo.
Umzekelo wokuguqula idatha ukusuka kwimeko yangoku ukuya kwinani lokuqalisa
Ngoku malunga nokubonwa ngokwayo
Kuseto lokubonisa kukho iqhosha elithi "Hlela ukuzoba"; lizisa umhleli apho unokuzoba umzobo. Into nganye ekwidayagram ineeparamitha zayo. Umzekelo, ukuba ukhankanya izicwangciso zefonti kumhleli, ziya kusetyenziswa kumboniso wedatha eGrafana.
Yile nto umhleli ekhangeleka ngayo kwi-Draw.io
Emva kokugcina umzobo, uya kubonakala kwigrafana kwaye unokudala imithetho yokutshintsha izinto.
Kwiparameters() sikhankanya:
- Ukhetho-seta igama lomgaqo, igama okanye isiteketiso semethrikhi eza kusetyenziswa idatha (Faka kwi-metrics). Uhlobo lodibaniso lwedatha (Aggregation) luchaphazela isiphumo sokugqibela semethrikhi, ngoko ke Okokugqibela kuthetha ukuba ixabiso lokugqibela liya kukhethwa, i-avareji yexabiso lexesha elikhethiweyo kwikona ephezulu ngasekunene.
- I-Thresholds - i-threshold values ββββparameter ichaza ingqiqo yesicelo sombala, oko kukuthi, umbala okhethiweyo uya kusetyenziswa kwizinto ezikumzobo ngokuxhomekeke kwidatha yemetriki. Kumzekelo wam, ukuba ixabiso leemethrikhi "0", isimo sithi "Kulungile", umbala uya kuba luhlaza, ukuba ixabiso "> 1", isimo siya kuba siKhethekileyo kwaye umbala uya kuba bomvu.
- Umbala/Ingcebiso yeNcedo yokuMaphuna" kunye "neLabel/Text Mappings" - ukukhetha ielementi yeschema kunye nemeko yokuziphatha kwayo. Kwimeko yokuqala, into iya kupeyintwa ngaphezulu, okwesibini, kuya kubakho isicatshulwa kuyo kunye nedatha evela kwi-metric. Ukukhetha into kumzobo, kufuneka ucofe uphawu lwesiphaluka kwaye nqakraza kumzobo.
Kulo mzekelo, ndipeyinta impompo kunye notolo lwayo olubomvu ukuba luyasebenza kwaye luluhlaza ukuba alusebenzi.
Ndisebenzisa iplagin ye-flowcharting, ndiye ndakwazi ukuzoba umzobo womgca wonke, apho:
- umbala weeyunithi zitshintsha ngokuhambelana nesimo sazo
- kukho i-alamu yokungabikho kwemveliso kwizikhongozeli
- useto lwefrikhwensi yemoto luyaboniswa
- Ukuzaliswa kwetanki yokuqala / isantya sokulahla
- inani lemijikelo yokusebenza komgca (ibhetshi) ibalwa
Ukubonwa komsebenzi womgca wemveliso
Isiphumo
Eyona nto yayinzima kum yayikukufumana idatha kubalawuli. Ndiyabulela kwi-versatility ye-Zabbix ngokubhekiselele ekufumaneni idatha kunye nokuguquguquka kweGrafana ngenxa yeeplagi, kuthathe iintsuku ezimbalwa kuphela ukudala isikrini esibanzi sokubeka iliso somgca wemveliso. Ukubonwa kwenze ukuba kube lula ukujonga iigrafu kunye neenkcukacha-manani zikarhulumente, kunye nofikelelo olulula ngewebhu kuye wonke umntu onomdla - konke oku kwenze ukuba kube lula ukuchonga imiqobo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kweeyunithi.
isiphelo
Ndiyithande kakhulu inhlanganisela ye-Zabbix + Grafana kwaye ndincoma ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kuyo ukuba ufuna ukukhawuleza ukucubungula idatha kubalawuli okanye abenzi boluvo ngaphandle kweprogram okanye ukuphumeza iimveliso zorhwebo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ewe, oku akusayi kuthatha indawo yeenkqubo zeSCADA zobungcali, kodwa iyakwanela njengesixhobo sokubeka iliso kwindawo enye kuyo yonke imveliso.
umthombo: www.habr.com