Inkomfa elandelayo ye-HighLoad ++ iya kubanjwa ngo-Aprili 6 kunye ne-7, 2020 eSt. Petersburg Iinkcukacha kunye namatikiti . Umthwalo oPhezulu ++ eMoscow 2018. Iholo "eMoscow". NgoNovemba 9, 15:00. Ezi kunye .
* Ukubeka iliso-kwi-intanethi kunye nohlalutyo.
* Imida esisiseko yeqonga le-ZABBIX.
* Isisombululo sokugcina uhlalutyo lokulinganisa.
* Ukuphuculwa kweseva ye-ZABBIX.
* Ukwenziwa kwe-UI.
* Amava okusebenza inkqubo phantsi kwemithwalo engaphezu kwe-40k NVPS.
* Izigqibo ezimfutshane.
UMikhail Makurov (emva koku – MM): - Molweni nonke!
UMaxim Cherntsov (emva koku – MCH): - Mholo emvakwemini!
MM: – Makhe ndazise uMaxim. UMax yinjineli enetalente, oyena mnatha womnatha ndimaziyo. UMaxim ubandakanyeka kwiinethiwekhi kunye neenkonzo, uphuhliso kunye nokusebenza kwabo.
MCH: Kwaye ndingathanda ukukuxelela ngoMikhail. UMikhail ngumphuhlisi we-C. Ubhale izisombululo ezininzi zokusetyenzwa kwetrafikhi ephezulu kwinkampani yethu. Sihlala kwaye sisebenza kwii-Urals, kwisixeko samadoda anzima e-Chelyabinsk, kwinkampani ye-Intersvyaz. Inkampani yethu ibonelela nge-Intanethi kunye neenkonzo zikamabonwakude zentambo kubantu abasisigidi kwizixeko ezili-16.
MM: Kwaye kufanelekile ukuthetha ukuba i-Intersvyaz ingaphezulu nje komboneleli, yinkampani ye-IT. Uninzi lwezisombululo zethu zenziwa lisebe lethu le-IT.
A: ukusuka kwiiseva ezisebenza kwitrafikhi ukuya kwiziko lokufowuna kunye nesicelo esiphathwayo. Isebe le-IT ngoku linabantu abamalunga nama-80 abanobuchule obahlukeneyo.
Malunga neZabbix kunye noyilo lwayo
MCH: Kwaye ngoku ndiza kuzama ukuseta irekhodi lomntu kwaye nditsho ngomzuzu omnye ukuba yintoni i-Zabbix (ebizwa ngokuba yi "Zabbix").
I-Zabbix izibeka njengenkqubo yokubeka iliso kwinqanaba loshishino ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Ineempawu ezininzi ezenza ubomi bube lula: imithetho yokunyuka kwenqanaba eliphezulu, i-API yokudityaniswa, amaqela kunye nokuzibona ngokuzenzekelayo iinginginya kunye neemetriki. I-Zabbix inezixhobo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-scaling - proxies. I-Zabbix yinkqubo yomthombo ovulekileyo.
Ngokufutshane malunga nezakhiwo. Sinokuthi iqulathe amacandelo amathathu:
- Iseva. Ibhalwe kuC. Ngokusetyenzwa okuntsokothileyo nokudluliselwa kolwazi phakathi kwemisonto. Lonke ulungiso lwenzeka kuyo: ukusuka ekufumaneni ukuya kugcino kuvimba weenkcukacha.
- Yonke idatha igcinwe kwisiseko sedatha. I-Zabbix ixhasa i-MySQL, i-PostreSQL kunye ne-Oracle.
- Ujongano lwewebhu lubhalwe kwi-PHP. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi iza neseva ye-Apache, kodwa isebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi ngokudibanisa nginx + php.
Namhlanje singathanda ukubalisa ibali elinye kubomi benkampani yethu enxulumene neZabbix...
Ibali elivela kubomi benkampani ye-Intersvyaz. Yintoni esinayo kwaye yintoni esiyidingayo?
Iinyanga ezi-5 okanye ezi-6 ezidlulileyo. Ngenye imini emva komsebenzi...
MCH: -Misha, molo! Ndiyavuya ukuba ndikwazile ukubamba - kukho incoko. Saphinda saba neengxaki zokubeka iliso. Ngexesha lengozi enkulu, yonke into yayicotha kwaye kwakungekho lwazi malunga nemeko yenethiwekhi. Ngelishwa, esi ayisosihlandlo sokuqala ukwenzeka. Ndidinga uncedo lwakho. Masenze umsebenzi wethu wokubeka iliso phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko!
MM: - Kodwa makhe singqamanise kuqala. Khange ndijonge apho kwiminyaka embalwa. Njengoko ndikhumbula, sayishiya i-Nagios kwaye satshintshela kwi-Zabbix malunga ne-8 kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Kwaye ngoku sibonakala sineeseva ezi-6 ezinamandla kunye neeproxies ezimalunga neshumi elinesibini. Ngaba kukho into endibhidayo?
MCH: - Phantse. Iiseva ezili-15, ezinye zazo zingoomatshini benyani. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ayisisindisi ngexesha esilifuna ngalo kakhulu. Njengengozi - iiseva ziyacotha kwaye awuboni nto. Sizamile ukunyusela ubumbeko, kodwa oku akuzange kunikeze ukonyuka kokusebenza okugqibeleleyo.
MM: - Icacile. Ngaba ukhe wajonga into, sele ugrumbe into evela kwi-diagnostics?
MCH: -Into yokuqala okufuneka ujongane nayo yi-database. I-MySQL ihlale ilayishwa, igcina iimetriki ezintsha, kwaye xa i-Zabbix iqala ukuvelisa iqela leziganeko, i-database ingena kwi-overdrive ngeeyure ezimbalwa. Sele ndikuxelele malunga nokulungelelanisa uqwalaselo, kodwa ngokoqobo kulo nyaka bahlaziye i-hardware: iiseva zineegigabytes ezingaphezu kwekhulu zememori kunye ne-disk arrays kwi-SSD RAIDs - akukho sizathu sokuyikhulisa ngokulandelelana kwixesha elide. Senza ntoni?
MM: - Icacile. Ngokubanzi, i-MySQL yi-database ye-LTP. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ayisakulungelanga ukugcina uvimba weemethrikhi zobungakanani bethu. Masiyiqonde.
MCH: - Makhe!
Ukuhlanganiswa kweZabbix kunye neClickhouse ngenxa ye-hackathon
Emva kwexesha sifumene idatha enomdla:
Uninzi lwendawo kwisiseko sedatha yethu yayihlala kwi-archive yeemetrics kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-1% yayisetyenziselwa uqwalaselo, iitemplates kunye nezicwangciso. Ngelo xesha, sasisebenza isisombululo esikhulu sedatha esekelwe kwiClickhouse ngaphezu konyaka. Isalathiso sokuhamba sasicacile kuthi. Kwi-spring yethu ye-Hackathon, ndabhala ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Zabbix kunye neClickhouse ye-server kunye ne-frontend. Ngelo xesha, uZabbix wayesele enenkxaso ye-ElasticSearch, kwaye sagqiba ekubeni sibathelekise.
Ukuthelekiswa kweClickhouse kunye ne-Elasticsearch
MM: -Ukuthelekisa, senze umthwalo ofanayo njengoko umncedisi we-Zabbix unikezela kwaye ujonge indlela iinkqubo eziza kuziphatha ngayo. Sabhala idatha kwiibhetshi zemigca ye-1000, usebenzisa i-CURL. Sicinge kwangaphambili ukuba iClickhouse iya kusebenza ngakumbi kwiprofayile yomthwalo eyenziwa nguZabbix. Iziphumo zade zagqitha besilindele:
Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokuvavanya, uClickhouse wabhala idatha kathathu ngaphezulu. Ngexesha elifanayo, zombini iinkqubo zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo (ixabiso elincinci lezixhobo) xa ufunda idatha. Kodwa i-Elastics yayifuna isixa esikhulu seprosesa xa urekhoda:
Iyonke, iClickhouse yayiphezulu kakhulu kwi-Elastix ngokwemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kweprosesa kunye nesantya. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwedatha, iClickhouse isebenzisa amaxesha angama-11 ngaphantsi kwi-hard drive kwaye yenza malunga namaxesha angama-30 imisebenzi embalwa yediski:
MCH: - Ewe, umsebenzi weClickhouse kunye ne-disk subsystem iphunyezwe ngokufanelekileyo kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa iidiski ezinkulu zeSATA kugcino lwedatha kwaye ufumane isantya sokubhala samakhulu amawaka emigca ngomzuzwana. Inkqubo engaphandle kwebhokisi ixhasa ukwahlula, ukuphindaphinda, kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyiqwalasela. Saneliseke ngakumbi kukusetyenziswa kwayo unyaka wonke.
Ukwandisa izixhobo, ungafaka iClickhouse ecaleni kwesiseko sedatha yakho ekhoyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela ugcine ixesha elininzi le-CPU kunye nokusebenza kwediski. Sihambise uvimba weemetrics kumaqela akhoyo eClickhouse:
Sikhulule isiseko sedatha ye-MySQL kakhulu kangangokuba sinokuyidibanisa kumatshini omnye kunye nomncedisi we-Zabbix kwaye silahle iseva ezinikeleyo ye-MySQL.
Uvoto lusebenza njani eZabbix?
I-4 kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo
MM: - Ewe, ngaba sinokulibala malunga neengxaki ngesiseko?
MCH: - Yiloo nto ngokuqinisekileyo! Enye ingxaki ekufuneka siyisombulule kukucotha kokuqokelela idatha. Ngoku zonke iiseva zethu zommeleli ezili-15 zigcwele kakhulu ngeSNMP kunye neenkqubo zokuvota. Kwaye akukho ndlela ngaphandle kokufaka amaseva amatsha kunye namatsha.
MM: - Kakhulu. Kodwa kuqala, sixelele ukuba ukuvota kusebenza njani eZabbix?
MCH: -Ngamafutshane, kukho iindidi ezingama-20 zeemethrikhi kunye neendlela ezilishumi elinambini zokuzifumana. I-Zabbix inokuqokelela idatha mhlawumbi kwimodi "yesicelo-impendulo", okanye ulinde idatha entsha nge "Trapper Interface".
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba kwi-Zabbix yasekuqaleni le ndlela (Trapper) iyona ndlela ikhawulezayo.
Kukho iiseva zommeli wokusasazwa komthwalo:
Iiproksi zingenza imisebenzi efanayo yokuqokelela njenge-server ye-Zabbix, ifumana imisebenzi kuyo kwaye ithumele i-metrics eqokelelweyo nge-interface yeTrapper. Le yindlela ekhuthazwayo ngokusemthethweni yokusabalalisa umthwalo. Iiproksi zikwaluncedo ekubekeni iliso kwiziseko ezingundoqo ezikude ezisebenza nge-NAT okanye isitishi esicothayo:
MM: -Yonke into icacile kunye ne-architecture. Kufuneka sijonge imithombo...
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva
Ibali lendlela i-nmap fping iphumelele ngayo
MM: "Ndicinga ukuba kukho into endiyimbileyo."
MCH: - Ndixelele!
MM: -Ndifumene ukuba xa kuhlolwa ukufumaneka, i-Zabbix ihlola ubuninzi bemikhosi ye-128 ngexesha. Ndazama ukwandisa eli nani ukuya kwi-500 kwaye ndisuse ikhefu le-inter-packet kwi-ping yabo (ping) - oku kuphinda kabini ukusebenza. Kodwa ndingathanda amanani amakhulu.
MCH: -Kumsebenzi wam, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ndijonge ukufumaneka kwamawaka emikhosi, kwaye andizange ndibone nantoni na ngokukhawuleza kune-nmap kule nto. Ndiqinisekile ukuba le yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo. Masiyizame! Kufuneka sandise kakhulu inani labasingathi ngokuphindaphinda.
MM: – Jonga ngaphezulu kwamakhulu amahlanu? 600?
MCH: - Ubuncinci amawaka amabini.
MM: - KULUNGILE. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo bendifuna ukuyithetha kukuba ndifumene ukuba uninzi lokuvota eZabbix lwenziwa ngokuhambelanayo. Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka siyitshintshe ibe yimowudi esynchronous. Emva koko sinokwandisa ngokumangalisayo inani leemethrikhi eziqokelelwe ngabavoti, ngakumbi ukuba sonyusa inani leemethrikhi ngokuphindaphinda.
MCH: - Kakhulu! Kwaye nini?
MM: – Njengesiqhelo, izolo.
MCH: -Sithelekise zombini iinguqulelo zefping kunye ne-nmap:
Kwinani elikhulu leenginginya, i-nmap bekulindeleke ukuba isebenze ngokuphindwe kahlanu ngaphezulu. Ekubeni i-nmap ijonga kuphela ukufumaneka kunye nexesha lokuphendula, sihambise ukubalwa kwelahleko kwii-triggers kwaye sanciphisa kakhulu ukufumaneka kwexesha lokujonga. Sifumene elona nani lifanelekileyo leenginginya ze-nmap ibe malunga ne-4 lamawaka ngokuphindaphinda. I-Nmap isivumele ukuba sinciphise iindleko ze-CPU zokujonga ukufumaneka ngokuphindwe kathathu kwaye sinciphise ikhefu ukusuka kwimizuzwana ye-120 ukuya kwi-10.
Ukwandiswa kovoto
MM: “Emva koko saqala ukwenza abavoti. Sasinomdla kakhulu ekubhaqweni kwe-SNMP kunye neearhente. Kwi-Zabbix, ukuvota kwenziwa ngokuhambelanayo kwaye amanyathelo akhethekileyo athathiweyo ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo. Kwimowudi yongqamaniso, ukungabikho komninimzi kubangela ukuthotywa okubalulekileyo kovoto. Kukho inkqubo yonke yamazwe, kukho iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo - ezibizwa ngokuba ngabavoti abangenakufikeleleka, abasebenza kuphela ngemikhosi engenakufikeleleka:
Le yinkcazo ebonisa i-matrix karhulumente, bonke ubunzima benkqubo yeenguqu ezifunekayo ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo ihlale isebenza. Ukongeza, uvoto oluhambelanayo ngokwalo lucotha kakhulu:
Yiyo loo nto amawaka emithombo yokuvota kuninzi lweeproxies engakwazanga ukuqokelela inani elifunekayo ledatha kuthi. Ukuphunyezwa kwe-asynchronous akusonjululwanga kuphela iingxaki ngenani lemisonto, kodwa kwalula kakhulu inkqubo yelizwe yeenginginya ezingafumanekiyo, kuba nakweliphi na inani elikhangelwe kwi-polling iteration enye, elona xesha liphezulu lokulinda yayilixesha eli-1:
Ukongeza, silungise kwaye saphucula inkqubo yokuvota kwizicelo zeSNMP. Inyani kukuba uninzi lwabantu alukwazi ukuphendula kwizicelo ezininzi zeSNMP ngaxeshanye. Ke ngoko, senze imowudi exutyiweyo, xa uvoto lwe-SNMP lomkhosi omnye lwenziwa ngokulandelelanayo:
Oku kwenziwa kuyo yonke ipakethi yenginginya. Le mowudi ekugqibeleni ayicothi kune-asynchronous ngokupheleleyo, kuba ukuvota kwikhulu elinesiqingatha ixabiso le-SNMP lisakhawuleza kakhulu kunexesha eli-1.
Uvavanyo lwethu lubonise ukuba elona nani liphezulu lezicelo kwi-iteration enye malunga ne-8 lamawaka ngokuvota kwe-SNMP. Lilonke, ukutshintshela kwimowudi ye-asynchronous kusivumele ukuba sikhawulezise ukusebenza kokuvota ngamaxesha angama-200, amaxesha angamakhulu aliqela.
MCH: - Ukulungiswa kokuvota okubangelwayo kubonise ukuba asikwazi ukulahla kuphela zonke iiproxies, kodwa sinciphisa amaxesha okuhlola amaninzi, kwaye i-proxies ayisayi kuphinda ifuneke njengendlela yokwabelana ngomthwalo.
Malunga neenyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo
Guqula i-architecture - ukwandisa umthwalo!
MM: - Ewe, Max, lixesha lokufumana imveliso? Ndifuna iseva enamandla kunye nenjineli elungileyo.
MCH: - Kulungile, makhe siyicwangcise. Ixesha eliphezulu lokuhamba ukusuka kwindawo efileyo ye-5 yeemitha eziliwaka ngomzuzwana.
Kusasa emva kokuphuculwa
MCH: - Misha, sizihlaziye, kodwa kusasa sabuyela umva ... Qikelela ukuba sisiphi isantya esiye sakwazi ukusifikelela?
MM: – 20 amawaka ubuninzi.
MCH: - Ewe, 25! Ngelishwa, silungile apho siqale khona.
MM: - Ngoba? Ngaba ulwenzile uxilongo?
MCH: - Ewe okuqinisekile! Apha, umzekelo, kukho umphezulu onomdla:
MM: - Makhe sijonge. Ndiyabona ukuba sizame inani elikhulu lemisonto yokuvota:
Kodwa kwangaxeshanye abakwazanga kuphinda basebenzise inkqubo nangesiqingatha:
Kwaye ukusebenza kukonke kuncinci kakhulu, malunga ne-4 amawaka eemethrikhi ngomzuzwana:
Ngaba ikho enye into?
MCH: -Ewe, umtya womnye wabavoti:
MM: - Apha unokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba inkqubo yokuvota ilinde "ama-semaphores". Ezi zizitshixo:
MCH: - Ayicacanga.
MM: - Khangela, oku kufana nemeko apho iqela leentambo lizama ukusebenza kunye nezixhobo ezinokuthi zisebenze kuphela ngexesha. Emva koko konke abanokukwenza kukwabelana ngesi sixhobo ekuhambeni kwexesha:
Kwaye ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwesixhobo esinjalo kukhawulelwe ngesantya sombindi omnye:
Zimbini iindlela zokusombulula le ngxaki.
Phucula i-hardware yomatshini, tshintshela kwii-cores ezikhawulezayo:
Okanye utshintshe uyilo kwaye kwangaxeshanye utshintshe umthwalo:
MCH: Ngendlela, kumatshini wovavanyo siya kusebenzisa ii-cores ezimbalwa kunezo zokulwa, kodwa zikhawuleza kangangezihlandlo ezili-1,5 kumbindi ngamnye!
MM: - Icacile? Kufuneka ujonge ikhowudi yeseva.
Indlela yedatha kwiseva yeZabbix
MCH: -Ukuyiqonda, saqala ukuhlalutya indlela idatha ehanjiswa ngayo ngaphakathi kwiseva yeZabbix:
Umfanekiso opholileyo, akunjalo? Masihambe kuyo inyathelo ngenyathelo ukuze icace ngakumbi okanye ngaphantsi. Kukho imisonto kunye neenkonzo ezinoxanduva lokuqokelela idatha:
Bathumela iimetrics eziqokelelweyo ngesokethi kumphathi we-Preprocessor, apho zigcinwa khona emgceni:
"Umphathi weprosesa" udlulisela idatha kubasebenzi bakhe, abasebenzisa imiyalelo yangaphambili kwaye bayibuyisele ngesokethi efanayo:
Emva koku, umphathi we-preprocessor uzigcina kwi-cache yembali:
Ukusuka apho zithathwa ngabatshoni bembali, abenza imisebenzi emininzi kakhulu: umzekelo, ukubala izichukumisi, ukugcwalisa i-cache yexabiso kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukugcinwa kweemetrics kugcino lwembali. Ngokubanzi, inkqubo inzima kwaye idideke kakhulu.
MM: - Into yokuqala esiyibonileyo kukuba ezininzi iintambo zikhuphisana kwinto ebizwa ngokuba "i-cache yoqwalaselo" (indawo yememori apho zonke izilungiso zeseva zigcinwa khona). Imisonto enoxanduva lokuqokelela idatha yenza ngakumbi ukubhloka okuninzi:
...ekubeni uqwalaselo lugcina kungekuphela nje iimetrics kunye neeparamitha zazo, kodwa kunye nemigca apho abavoti bathatha khona ulwazi malunga nokuba benze ntoni ngokulandelayo. Xa kukho abavoti abaninzi kwaye enye ivimba uqwalaselo, abanye balinda izicelo:
Abavoti akufuneki baxabane
Ke ngoko, into yokuqala esiyenzileyo kukwahlulahlula umgca ube ngamacandelo ama-4 kwaye sivumele abavoti ukuba bavale le migca, ezi ndawo ngaxeshanye, phantsi kweemeko ezikhuselekileyo:
Olu khuphiswano lususiwe kwi-cache yoqwalaselo, kwaye isantya sabavoti sanda kakhulu. Kodwa ke siye sadibana nenyaniso yokuba umphathi we-preprocessor waqala ukuqokelela umgca wemisebenzi:
Umphathi we-Preprocessor kufuneka akwazi ukubeka phambili
Oku kwenzeka kwiimeko apho wayengenakho ukusebenza. Emva koko ekuphela kwento awayenokuyenza yayikukuqokelela izicelo ezivela kwiinkqubo zokuqokelela idatha kwaye adibanise i-buffer yazo ide igqibe yonke imemori kwaye ingqubeke:
Ukusombulula le ngxaki, songeze isiseko sesibini esinikezelwe ngokukodwa kubasebenzi:
Ke, umphathi weprosesa waba nethuba lokubeka phambili umsebenzi wakhe kwaye, ukuba isithinteli siyakhula, umsebenzi kukucothisa ukususwa, ukunika abasebenzi ithuba lokuthatha le buffer:
Emva koko siye safumanisa ukuba esinye sezizathu zokucotha komsebenzi ngabasebenzi ngokwabo, ekubeni babekhuphisana ngobutyebi obungabalulekanga kwaphela kumsebenzi wabo. Siyibhale le ngxaki njenge-bug-fix, kwaye sele isonjululwe kwiinguqulelo ezintsha ze-Zabbix:
Sandisa inani leesokethi - sifumana umphumo
Ngapha koko, umphathi we-preprocessor ngokwakhe waba ngumqobo, kuba ngumsonto omnye. Iphumle kwisantya esingundoqo, inika isantya esiphezulu malunga nama-70 amawaka eemethrikhi ngomzuzwana:
Ke ngoko, senze ezine, ngeeseti ezine zeziseko, abasebenzi:
Kwaye oku kusivumele ukuba sonyuse isantya siye malunga ne-130 lamawaka eemethrikhi:
Ukungahambelani kokukhula kuchazwa yinyaniso yokuba ukhuphiswano lwe-cache yembali luye lwavela. Aba-4 abaphathi beprosesa kunye neesinki zembali bakhuphisana ngayo. Ngeli xesha, besifumana malunga ne-130 lamawaka eemethrikhi ngesekhondi kumatshini wovavanyo, siwusebenzisa malunga ne-95% yeprosesa:
Malunga neenyanga ezi-2,5 ezidlulileyo
Ukwala ukusuka kwi-snmp-community kwandisa ii-NVPs ngamaxesha elinye elinesiqingatha
MM: – Max, ndifuna imoto entsha yovavanyo! Asisangeni kule yangoku.
MCH: - Yintoni onayo ngoku?
MM: – Ngoku – 130k NVPs kunye neprosesa esele ilungile.
MCH: - Wowu! Kuhle! Yima, ndinemibuzo emibini. Ngokwezibalo zam, imfuno yethu ijikeleze i-15-20 yeemitha eziliwaka ngomzuzwana. Kutheni sifuna ngakumbi?
MM: "Ndifuna ukugqiba umsebenzi." Ndingathanda ukubona ukuba kungakanani esinokukukhupha kule nkqubo.
MCH: - Kodwa...
MM: "Kodwa ayinamsebenzi kwishishini."
MCH: - Icacile. Kwaye umbuzo wesibini: ngaba sinokuyixhasa into esinayo ngoku ngokwethu, ngaphandle koncedo lomphuhlisi?
MM: - Andicingi. Ukutshintsha indlela i-cache yoqwalaselo isebenza ngayo yingxaki. Ichaphazela utshintsho kwimisonto emininzi kwaye kunzima ukuyigcina. Ngokunokwenzeka, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuyigcina.
MCH: "Emva koko sifuna enye indlela."
MM: - Kukho ukhetho olunjalo. Sinokutshintshela kwii-cores ezikhawulezayo, ngelixa sishiya inkqubo entsha yokutshixa. Siza kufumana ukusebenza kwe-60-80 yamawaka eemethrikhi. Ngexesha elifanayo, sinokushiya yonke enye ikhowudi. I-Clickhouse kunye ne-asynchronous polling iya kusebenza. Kwaye kuya kuba lula ukuyigcina.
MCH: - Iyamangalisa! Ndicebisa ukuba sime apha.
Emva kokuphucula icala leseva, ekugqibeleni sakwazi ukusungula ikhowudi entsha kwimveliso. Sizishiyile ezinye iinguqu ngokutshintshela kumatshini onama-cores akhawulezayo kunye nokunciphisa inani lotshintsho lwekhowudi. Senze lula ulungelelwaniso kwaye sasusa iimakhro kwizinto zedatha apho kunokwenzeka, njengoko zizisa ukutshixa okongeziweyo.
Umzekelo, ukulahla i-snmp-community macro, ehlala ifumaneka kumaxwebhu kunye nemizekelo, kwimeko yethu yenza ukuba kube lula ukukhawulezisa i-NVP malunga namaxesha angama-1,5.
Emva kweentsuku ezimbini kwimveliso
Ukususa ii pop-ups zembali yesiganeko
MCH: -Misha, sisebenzise inkqubo iintsuku ezimbini, kwaye yonke into iyasebenza. Kodwa kuphela xa yonke into isebenza! Sasicebe umsebenzi kunye nokudluliselwa kwecandelo elikhulu lothungelwano, kwaye saphinda sajonga ngezandla zethu oko kunyukayo kunye noko kungenjalo.
MM: - Ayinakuba! Sijonge yonke into amaxesha angama-10. Umncedisi uphatha ukungafumaneki kwenethiwekhi ngoko nangoko.
MCH: - Ewe, ndiyayiqonda yonke into: iseva, i-database, phezulu, i-austat, iilogi - yonke into ikhawuleza ... Kodwa sijonge kwi-interface yewebhu, kwaye kukho iprosesa "kwi-shelf" kumncedisi kwaye oku:
MM: - Icacile. Masijonge iwebhu. Sifumanise ukuba kwimeko apho kukho inani elikhulu lezehlo ezisebenzayo, uninzi lweewijethi ezibukhoma zaqala ukusebenza kancinci kakhulu:
Isizathu soku yaba kukuveliswa kwee-pop-ups zembali yezehlo ezenzelwe into nganye kuluhlu. Ngoko ke, siye salahla isizukulwana sezi festile (sichaze imigca emi-5 kwikhowudi), kwaye oku kwasombulula iingxaki zethu.
Ixesha lokulayishwa kwamawijethi, naxa lingekho ngokupheleleyo, lincitshisiwe ukusuka kwimizuzu emininzi ukuya kweyamkelekileyo imizuzwana eyi-10 ukuya kweli-15 kuthi, kwaye imbali isenokujongwa ngokucofa ixesha:
Emveni komsebenzi. kwiinyanga ezi-2 ezidlulileyo
MCH: - Misha, ngaba uhamba? Kufuneka sithethe.
MM: - Bendingazimiselanga. Into ngeZabbix kwakhona?
MCH: - Hayi, phumla! Ndandifuna nje ukuthi: yonke into iyasebenza, enkosi! Ndinebhiya.
I-Zabbix iyasebenza
I-Zabbix yinkqubo yendalo yonke kwaye etyebileyo kunye nomsebenzi. Ingasetyenziselwa ufakelo oluncinci ngaphandle kwebhokisi, kodwa njengoko iimfuno zikhula, kufuneka iphuculwe. Ukugcina uvimba omkhulu weemethrikhi, sebenzisa ugcino olufanelekileyo:
- ungasebenzisa izixhobo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ngendlela yokudibanisa ne-Elasticsearch okanye ukulayisha imbali kwiifayile ezibhaliweyo (ezikhoyo kwinguqulo yesi-4);
- Unokuthatha ithuba lamava ethu kunye nokudibanisa kunye neClickhouse.
Ukwandisa ngokukhawuleza isantya sokuqokelela iimethrikhi, ziqokelele usebenzisa iindlela ze-asynchronous kwaye uzidlulisele nge-interface ye-trapper kwi-server ye-Zabbix; okanye ungasebenzisa ipatch ukwenza i-Zabbix pollers i-asynchronous.
I-Zabbix ibhalwe ngo-C kwaye isebenza kakuhle. Ukusombulula iibhotile ezininzi zokwakha kukuvumela ukuba unyuse ngakumbi ukusebenza kwayo kwaye, kumava ethu, ufumane ngaphezulu kwe-100 lamawaka eemethrikhi kumatshini wokuqhuba omnye.
Isiqwenga esifanayo seZabbix
MM: – Ndifuna ukongeza amanqaku ambalwa. Yonke ingxelo yangoku, zonke iimvavanyo, amanani anikwe uqwalaselo esilusebenzisayo. Ngoku sithatha malunga nama-20 amawaka eemethrikhi ngomzuzwana ukusuka kuyo. Ukuba uzama ukuqonda ukuba oku kuya kusebenza kuwe, unokuthelekisa. Oko bekuxoxiwe namhlanje kufakwe kwi-GitHub ngendlela yesiqwenga:
Ipetshi ibandakanya:
- udibaniso olupheleleyo kunye neClickhouse (zombini iseva yeZabbix kunye ne-frontend);
- ukusombulula iingxaki nomphathi wangaphambili;
- uvoto olungahambelaniyo.
Isiqwenga siyahambelana nayo yonke inguqulo ye-4, kuquka iilts. Okunokwenzeka, ngotshintsho oluncinci luya kusebenza kwinguqulo 3.4.
Ndiyabonga ngengqalelo yakho.
Imibuzo yakho
Umbuzo ovela kubaphulaphuli (emva koku – A): – Molo emva kwemini! Nceda undixelele, ngaba unezicwangciso zokusebenzisana kakhulu kunye neqela leZabbix okanye kunye nawe, ukuze oku akusiyo i-patch, kodwa ukuziphatha okuqhelekileyo kweZabbix?
MM: - Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo siya kwenza ezinye zeenguqu. Kukho into eya kwenzeka, into iya kuhlala kwi-patch.
A: – Enkosi kakhulu ngengxelo ebalaseleyo! Nceda undixelele, emva kokufaka i-patch, inkxaso evela ku-Zabbix iya kuhlala kunye nendlela yokuqhubeka nokuhlaziya kwiinguqulelo eziphezulu? Ngaba kuya kwenzeka ukuhlaziya i-Zabbix emva kwe-patch yakho kwi-4.2, 5.0?
MM: - Andikwazi ukuthetha nantoni na malunga nenkxaso. Ukuba bendiyinkxaso yobugcisa beZabbix, mhlawumbi ndingatsho, kuba le yikhowudi yomnye umntu. Ngokuphathelele i-4.2 codebase, indawo yethu kukuba: "Siza kuhamba kunye nexesha, kwaye siza kuzihlaziya kuguqulelo olulandelayo." Ke ngoko, ixesha elithile siza kube sithumela isiqwenga seenguqulelo ezihlaziyiweyo. Sele nditshilo kwingxelo: inani lotshintsho ngeenguqulelo lisencinci kakhulu. Ndicinga ukuba utshintsho olusuka kwi-3.4 ukuya kwi-4 lwasithatha malunga nemizuzu eyi-15. Kukho into etshintshileyo apho, kodwa ingabalulekanga kakhulu.
A: - Ke uceba ukuxhasa isiqwenga sakho kwaye ungayifaka ngokukhuselekileyo kwimveliso kwaye ufumane uhlaziyo ngandlela thile kwixesha elizayo?
MM: – Siyicebisa ngamandla. Oku kusombulula iingxaki ezininzi kuthi.
MCH: – Kwakhona, ndingathanda ukutsalela ingqalelo kwinto yokuba utshintsho olungakhathaleli ulwakhiwo kwaye alukhathaleli ukubhloka okanye ufolo luyimodyuli, lukwiimodyuli ezahlukileyo. Notshintsho oluncinci unokuzigcina ngokulula.
MM: - Ukuba unomdla kwiinkcukacha, ngoko "Clickhouse" isebenzisa ebizwa ngokuba yilayibrari yembali. Ikhululwe - yikopi yenkxaso ye-Elastics, oko kukuthi, iyalungiseka. Uvoto lutshintsha kuphela abavoti. Sikholelwa ukuba oku kuya kusebenza ixesha elide.
A: - Ndibulela kakhulu. Ndixelele, ngaba kukho nawaphi na amaxwebhu otshintsho olwenziweyo?
MM: – Amaxwebhu sisiqwengana. Ngokucacileyo, ngokungeniswa kweClickhouse, kunye nokuqaliswa kweentlobo ezintsha ze-pollers, ukhetho olutsha lokumisela luvela. Ikhonkco elisuka kwisilayidi sokugqibela linengcaciso emfutshane yendlela yokusisebenzisa.
Malunga nokutshintsha i-fping nge-nmap
A: -Ukwenze njani ekugqibeleni oku? Ngaba unokunika imizekelo ethile: ngaba unayo i-strappers kunye neskripthi sangaphandle? Yintoni egqiba ukujonga inani elikhulu kangaka leenginginya ngokukhawuleza? Uzamkela njani ezi ndwendwe? Ngaba kufuneka sibondle kwi-nmap ngandlela thile, sizifumane kwenye indawo, sizifake, siqhube into?..
MM: - Kuhle. Umbuzo ochanekileyo! Ingongoma yile. Siguqule ilayibrari (i-ICMP ping, inxalenye ye-Zabbix) yokuhlola i-ICMP, ebonisa inani leepakethi - enye (1), kwaye ikhowudi izama ukusebenzisa i-nmap. Oko kukuthi, lo ngumsebenzi wangaphakathi weZabbix, oye waba ngumsebenzi wangaphakathi wepinger. Ngokufanelekileyo, akukho lungqamaniso okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-trapper efunekayo. Oku kwenziwa ngamabomu ukwenzela ukuba ushiye inkqubo echanekileyo kwaye akufanele ujongane nokulungelelaniswa kweenkqubo ezimbini zesiseko sedatha: yintoni ukujonga, ukulayisha nge-poller, kwaye ukulayisha kwethu kwaphukile? .. Oku kulula kakhulu.
A: – Ngaba iyasebenza nakubameli?
MM: - Ewe, kodwa asikhange sijonge. Ikhowudi yokuvota iyafana kuzo zombini iZabbix kunye nomncedisi. Kufuneka usebenze. Makhe ndigxininise kwakhona: ukusebenza kwenkqubo kukuba asifuni proxy.
MCH: -Impendulo echanekileyo kumbuzo ithi: "Kutheni ufuna i-proxy enenkqubo enjalo?" Kuphela ngenxa ye-NAT okanye ukubeka esweni ngolunye uhlobo lwesitishi esicothayo...
A: – Kwaye usebenzisa Zabbix njenge allertor, ukuba ndiyaqonda ngokuchanekileyo. Okanye imizobo yakho (apho uvimba wogcino-mpepha) isiwe kwenye inkqubo, efana neGrafana? Okanye awusebenzisi lo msebenzi?
MM: – Ndiza kuphinda ndigxininise kwakhona: sizuze indibaniselwano epheleleyo. Sigalela imbali kwiClickhouse, kodwa kwangaxeshanye siye satshintsha i-php frontend. Umphambili wePhp uya kwiClickhouse kwaye wenze yonke imizobo ukusuka apho. Ngelo xesha, ukunyaniseka, sinenxalenye eyakha idatha kwezinye iinkqubo zokubonisa umzobo ukusuka kwiClickhouse efanayo, ukusuka kwidatha efanayo yeZabbix.
MCH: – Kwi “Grafan” ngokunjalo.
Zenziwa njani izigqibo malunga nokwabiwa kwezibonelelo?
A: -Yabelana ngekhitshi lakho elingaphakathi. Senziwe njani isigqibo sokuba kube yimfuneko ukwabelwa izibonelelo ukulungiselela ukusetyenzwa okunzulu kwemveliso? Ezi, ngokubanzi, imingcipheko ethile. Kwaye nceda undixelele, kumxholo wokuba uya kuxhasa iinguqulelo ezintsha: esi sigqibo sithethelela njani kwimbono yolawulo?
MM: -Kuyabonakala ukuba, asizange sixelele idrama yembali kakuhle. Sizifumene sikwimeko apho kufuneka kwenziwe into ethile, kwaye ngokusisiseko sahamba namaqela amabini ahambelanayo:
- Omnye wayesungula inkqubo yokubeka iliso esebenzisa iindlela ezintsha: ukubeka iliso njengenkonzo, iseti esemgangathweni yezisombululo zomthombo ovulekileyo esidibanisayo kwaye emva koko sizame ukutshintsha inkqubo yeshishini ukuze kusebenze kunye nenkqubo entsha yokubeka iliso.
- Kwangaxeshanye, sasinomcwangcisi onomdla owayesenza oku (malunga naye). Kwenzeka ukuba waphumelela.
A: – Kwaye yintoni ubukhulu beqela?
MCH: - Yena phambi kwakho.
A: - Ke, njengesiqhelo, ufuna inkanuko?
MM: -Andazi ukuba yintoni inkanuko.
A: - Kule meko, ngokucacileyo, wena. Enkosi kakhulu, ulungile.
MM: - Enkosi.
Malunga namabala eZabbix
A: - Kwinkqubo esebenzisa i-proxies (umzekelo, kwiinkqubo ezithile ezisasazwayo), ngaba kunokwenzeka ukulungelelanisa kunye nokudibanisa, ukutsho, abavoti, i-proxies kunye nenxalenye ye-preprocessor ye-Zabbix ngokwayo; kunye nentsebenziswano yabo? Ngaba kuyenzeka ukwandisa uphuhliso olukhoyo lwenkqubo eneeproxi ezininzi?
MM: - Ndiyazi ukuba umncedisi we-Zabbix uhlanganiswe usebenzisa i-proxy (ikhowudi ihlanganiswe kwaye ifunyenwe). Asizange sikuvavanye oku kwimveliso. Andiqinisekanga ngale nto, kodwa ndicinga ukuba umphathi wangaphambili akasetyenziswanga kwiproxy. Umsebenzi we-proxy kukuthatha isethi yeemetrikhi kwi-Zabbix, idibanise (iphinda irekhode uqwalaselo, i-database yendawo) kwaye uyibuyisele kumncedisi we-Zabbix. Umncedisi ngokwakhe uya kuthi emva koko enze ulungiso lwangaphambili xa eyifumana.
Umdla kwiiproksi uyaqondakala. Siza kuyijonga. Lo ngumxholo onomdla.
A: -Umbono wawuyile: ukuba unako ukupakisha abavoteli, unokuzipakisha kwiproksi kwaye udibanise unxibelelwano kunye nomncedisi, kwaye ulungelelanise iprosesa yezi njongo kuphela kwiseva.
MM: - Ndicinga ukuba ilula ngakumbi. Uthatha ikhowudi, sebenzisa isiqwenga, emva koko uyiqwalasele ngendlela oyifunayo - ukuqokelela abancedisi bommeli (umzekelo, kunye ne-ODBC) kwaye usasaze ikhowudi edibeneyo kwiinkqubo. Apho kuyimfuneko - qokelela ummeli, apho kuyimfuneko - umncedisi.
A: -Kunokwenzeka ukuba, awuzukufuneka udibanise ukuhanjiswa kweproxy kwiseva ukongezelela?
MCH: - Hayi, umgangatho.
MM: - Enyanisweni, enye yeengcamango ayizange ivakale. Sisoloko sigcina ukulingana phakathi kokuqhuma kweengcamango kunye nobuninzi beenguqu kunye nokulula kwenkxaso.
Ezinye iintengiso 🙂
Enkosi ngokuhlala nathi. Ngaba uyawathanda amanqaku ethu? Ngaba ufuna ukubona umxholo onomdla ngakumbi? Sixhase ngokufaka iodolo okanye ngokucebisa abahlobo, , i-analogue eyodwa yeeseva zomgangatho wokungena, eyenzelwe wena: (ifumaneka nge-RAID1 kunye ne-RAID10, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-24 cores kunye ne-40GB DDR4).
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