Ngaphezulu kancinci konyaka sele kudlulile . Kodwa ixesha lihamba, yonke into iyatshintsha, kwaye ngoku i-Intel ikhuphe umgca omtsha wesizukulwana se-10 se-Intel Core i9-10900K. Zeziphi izothuso abasigcinele zona aba baqhubekekisi kwaye ngaba yonke into iyatshintsha?Masithethe ngayo ngoku.
IComet Lake-S
Igama lekhowudi yesizukulwana se-10 se-Intel Core processors yiComet Lake. Kwaye ewe, iseyi-14 nm. Okunye ukuhlaziya , leyo i-Intel ngokwayo ibiza ngokuthi "indaleko". Ilungelo labo. Mabayibize ngale nto bayifunayo. Okwangoku, siza kubona ukuba yintoni etshintshileyo kwisizukulwana esitsha xa kuthelekiswa nesangaphambili, sesithoba. Kwaye siya kufumanisa ukuba ikude kangakanani i-i9-10900K ukusuka kwi-i9-9900K. Ke, masihambe inqaku ngenqaku.
Ukutshintsha isiseko
(I-Socket H4) yaphuhliswa ngo-2015 kwaye yahlala iminyaka eyi-5, ibone izizukulwana ezine zeprosesa, eziqhelekileyo aziqhelekanga kwi-Intel, ethanda ukutshintsha i-socket rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini. Nangona kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba inkampani ngaphezu kokuhlawula le ngongoma ngokungahambelani phakathi kweeprosesa ezintsha / ezindala kunye ne-chipsets ...
Ewe, akukho nto ihlala ngonaphakade, kwaye i-Intel, ngaxeshanye kunye nokukhululwa kwesizukulwana se-10, yakhupha isokhethi entsha - i-LGA 1200 (iSocket H5). Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iyahambelana nemingxuma yokukhwela (75 mm) kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa ezikhoyo, ithemba elingekho ngqiqweni lokuba akusayi kufuneka zitshintshwe zinyibilike emva kovavanyo lokuqala lokuqala. Kodwa ngaphezulu koko kamva.
Ii-cores ezininzi, i-frequency ephezulu
Le sele iyindlela ye-Intel yendabuko yokuphuma kwimeko kunye ne-nanometers: ukuba awutshintshi , emva koko wongeze ii-cores kwaye unyuse amaza. Isebenzile nakweli xesha.
Iprosesa ye-Intel i9-10900K yanikwa ii-cores ezimbini, ngokulandelelana, imisonto emi-4 (HT). Ngenxa yoko, inani elipheleleyo lee-cores landa ukuya kwi-10, kwaye inani lemicu liye landa ukuya kuma-20.
Ekubeni inkqubo yobugcisa ayizange itshintshe, iimfuno zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, okanye , itshintshe ukusuka kwi-95 W ukuya kwi-125 W - oko kukuthi, ngaphezu kwe-30%. Makhe ndikukhumbuze ukuba ezi zizalathisi xa zonke ii-cores zisebenza kwi-frequency yesiseko. Ukupholisa le "brazier" ngomoya akulula kwaphela. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe inkqubo yokupholisa amanzi (WCO). Kodwa kukho i-nuance apha kwakhona.
Ukuba i-frequency yesiseko yeprosesa entsha yonyuke nge-100 MHz kuphela - ukusuka kwi-3,6 ukuya kwi-3,7, ngoko ukusuka Yaba nomdla ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ukuba uyakhumbula, i-i9-9900K kwi-Turboboost iyakwazi ukuhambisa i-5 GHz kumbindi omnye (kunqabile ukuba zibe zimbini), i-4,8 GHz ukuya kwezimbini, kwaye eziseleyo zibaleka kwi-4,7 GHz. Kwimeko ye-i9-10900K, enye ingundoqo ngoku iqhuba kwi-5,1-5,2 GHz, kunye nazo zonke ezinye kwi-4,7 GHz. Kodwa i-Intel ayizange iphele apho.
Ukongeza kwitekhnoloji esele iqhelekile yeTurbo Boost, i-mega-superturboboost ivele. Ngokusemthethweni ibizwa ngokuba Ukunyusa iVelocity Boost (TVB). Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le teknoloji yaziswa kwisizukulwana sesibhozo se-Intel Core, kodwa ngabameli abakhethiweyo kuphela abayifumanayo. Ngokomzekelo, ndiyazi i9-9980HK kunye ne-i9-9880H.
Undoqo wetekhnoloji yeyokuba kwiqondo lobushushu elithile leprosesa, ukuphindaphinda kwe-core enye okanye ngaphezulu konyuka ngaphezulu kweTurboboost. Ixabiso le-frequency eyongeziweyo lixhomekeke ekubeni iphantsi kangakanani iqondo lobushushu bokusebenza kweprosesa kunobuninzi. Ubuninzi bokuphindaphinda kwee-core processors nge-Intel Thermal Velocity Boost zobuchwepheshe buphunyezwe kubushushu bokusebenza obungekho ngaphezulu kwe-50Β°C. Ngenxa yoko, kwimodi ye-TVB, i-clock frequency ye-core enye iphakama ukuya kwi-5,3 GHz, kunye ne-cores eseleyo kwi-4,9 GHz.
Ekubeni kwisizukulwana esitsha kukho ii-cores ezimbini, kwisimo esiphezulu se-auto overclocking kunye nazo zonke iintlobo "zokunyusa" le "stove" ikhupha ukuya kwi-250 W, kwaye oku sele kungumngeni nakwinkqubo yokupholisa amanzi (WCO) , ngakumbi kwi-compact case design, ngaphandle kwebhloko yamanzi elawulwa kude ...
Bathetha ngee-cores, bachaza malunga nee-frequencies, bakhalaza malunga ne-socket, masiqhubele phambili. Olona tshintsho luphambili lubandakanya i-cache ye-L3 eyandisiweyo kunye nokunyuka kwe-RAM exhaswayo - ukusuka kwi-DDR-2666 ukuya kwi-DDR4-2933. Yiyo yonke into. I-Intel ayizange iphinde ihlaziye isiseko semizobo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi. Inani le-RAM nalo alizange litshintshe, i-128 GB efanayo yazuzwa kwisizukulwana sangaphambili. Oko kukuthi, njengoko kuhlala kuhlaziywa: bongeze ii-cores kunye nee-frequencies, nangona kunjalo, batshintshe i-socket. Akukho zinguqu zibalulekileyo, ubuncinci ngokwemigaqo yeeseva. Ndicebisa ukuqhubela phambili ekuvavanyeni nasekuboneni indlela ukusebenza kwesizukulwana esitsha kutshintshile ngayo xa kuthelekiswa neyokuqala.
Ukuvavanywa
Iiprosesa ezimbini ezivela kumgca we-Intel Core zibandakanyeka kuvavanyo:
- Isizukulwana sesithoba i9-9900K
- Isizukulwana seshumi i9-10900k
Iimpawu zokusebenza zamaqonga
Iiprosesa ze-Intel i9-9900K
- Ibhodi yomama: Asus PRIME Q370M-C
- RAM: 16 GB DDR4-2666 MT/s Kingston (2 iipcs.)
- I-SSD drive: 240 GB Patriot Burst (iziqwenga ezi-2 kwi-RAID 1 - umkhwa ophuhliswe kwiminyaka).
Iiprosesa ze-Intel i9-10900K
- Ibhodi yomama: ASUS Pro WS W480-ACE
- RAM: 16 GB DDR4-2933 MT/s Kingston (2 iipcs.)
- I-SSD drive: 240 GB Patriot Burst iziqwenga ezi-2 kwi-RAID 1.
Zombini ulungelelwaniso zisebenzisa iyunithi enye-iqonga lokupholisa amanzi. Kodwa kukho i-nuance ... Ukuze ungalahleki iifrikhwensi zeTVB kwaye uqalise i-Intel i9-10900K ngokuqhelekileyo, kwafuneka ndidibanise inkqubo enamandla yokupholisa amanzi yesiko (emva koku kuthiwa yiWCO) kwiqonga kunye nesizukulwana seshumi. Undoqo. Oku kufuna umzamo othile (kunye noninzi), kodwa esi sisombululo sisivumele ukuba sifumane i-4,9 GHz ezinzile kwisiseko ngasinye kwimithwalo ephezulu ngaphandle kokuwela iqondo lokushisa le-68 degrees. Ndibulise kumaqhawe enziwe ngokwezifiso.
Apha ndiza kuzivumela ukuba ndihambe kancinci kwisihloko kwaye ndichaze ukuba le ndlela yokujongana nalo mbandela ilawulwa kuphela ngokuqwalaselwa kwepragmatic. Sifumana izisombululo zobugcisa ezibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu ngokusetyenziswa kwe-rack encinci, ngelixa sifumana iindleko ezaneleyo. Kwangaxeshanye, asigqithisi i-hardware kwaye sisebenzisa kuphela ukusebenza okufakwe ngabaphuhlisi behardware. Umzekelo, iiprofayili eziqhelekileyo zokugqithisa, ukuba iqonga linakho konke konke. Akukho useto lwezandla lwamaxesha, ii-frequencies, voltages. Oku kusivumela ukuba siphephe zonke iintlobo zezinto ezimangalisayo. Njengoko, enyanisweni, uvavanyo lwangaphambili, esiluqhubayo ngaphambi kokubeka izisombululo esele zenziwe ezandleni zabathengi.
Ayiyonto yanto yanto ukuba sisoloko sivavanya kuqwalaselo lweyunithi enye - olo vavanyo lwanele ngokwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesisombululo esifunyenweyo. Ngenxa yoko, umxhasi ufumana izixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo kunye nesantya esiphezulu kwixabiso eliphantsi.
Ukubuyela kwi-i9-10900K yethu, ndiyaqaphela ukuba iqondo lokushisa akukho nanye yeeprosesa ezifaniswayo zenyuka ngaphezu kwe-68 degrees. Oku kuthetha ukuba isisombululo, kunye nezinye iingenelo, nazo zinamandla okugqithisa.
Inxalenye yesoftware: I-OS CentOS Linux 7 x86_64 (7.8.2003).
I-Kernel: UEK R5 4.14.35-1902.303.4.1.el7uek.x86_64
Ukulungiswa okwenziwe ngokunxulumene nofakelo olusemgangathweni: ikernel eyongeziweyo yokukhetha iinketho zonyuso=noop selinux=0
Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngazo zonke iipatches ezivela kuhlaselo lweSpecter, Meltdown kunye neForeshadow ebuyiselwe kule kernel.
Uvavanyo olusetyenzisiweyo
1. Sysbench
2.geekbench
3.Phoronix Test Suite
Inkcazo eneenkcukacha zovavanyo
Uvavanyo lweGeekbench
Ipakethe yovavanyo oluqhutywa kwimo yomsonto omnye kunye nemisonto emininzi. Ngenxa yoko, isalathisi sokusebenza sikhutshwa kuzo zombini iindlela. Kolu vavanyo siza kujonga izikhombisi ezibini eziphambili:
- Single-Core Score - iimvavanyo ezinemisonto enye.
- I-Multi-Core Score - iimvavanyo ezinemisonto emininzi.
Iiyunithi zokulinganisa: i-abstract "parrots". Okukhona "iiparrothi", ngcono.
Uvavanyo lweSysbench
I-Sysbench yiphakheji yovavanyo (okanye i-benchmarks) yokuvavanya ukusebenza kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zekhompyutheni: iprosesa, i-RAM, izixhobo zokugcina idatha. Uvavanyo lunemisonto emininzi, kuzo zonke iicores. Kulo vavanyo, ndilinganise isalathisi esinye: iziganeko zesantya se-CPU ngesibini - inani lemisebenzi eyenziwa yiprosesa ngomzuzwana. Okukhona ixabiso liphezulu, kokukhona inkqubo isebenza kakuhle.
Phoronix Test Suite
IPhoronix Test Suite yisethi etyebe kakhulu yovavanyo. Phantse zonke iimvavanyo ezithiwe thaca apha zinemisonto emininzi. Ekuphela kwezinto ezingaphandle zimbini kuzo: iimvavanyo ezinomsonto omnye u-Himeno kunye ne-LAME MP3 Encoding.
Kwezi mvavanyo, kokukhona amanqaku aphezulu, kokukhona angcono.
- Uvavanyo lokuqikelela igama lokugqitha elinemisonto emininzi likaJohn the Ripper. Makhe sithathe i-algorithm ye-Blowfish crypto. Ilinganisa inani lemisebenzi ngomzuzwana.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Himeno luluhlu lwe-Poisson yoxinzelelo lwe-solver usebenzisa indlela ye-Jacobi point.
- Uxinzelelo lwe-7-Zip - uvavanyo lwe-7-Zip usebenzisa i-p7zip kunye nesici sokuvavanya ukusebenza okudibeneyo.
- I-OpenSSL yiseti yezixhobo ezisebenzisa i-SSL (i-Secure Sockets Layer) kunye ne-TLS (i-Transport Layer Security) iiprothokholi. Ilinganisa ukusebenza kweRSA 4096-bit OpenSSL.
- I-Apache Benchmark - Uvavanyo lulinganisa ukuba zingaphi izicelo ngesekhondi inkqubo enikiweyo inokusingatha xa isenza izicelo ze-1, kunye nezicelo eziyi-000 ezisebenza ngaxeshanye.
Kwaye kwezi, ukuba ngaphantsi kungcono - kuzo zonke iimvavanyo ixesha elithathayo ukuligqiba liyalinganiswa.
- I-C-Ray ivavanya ukusebenza kwe-CPU kwizibalo zamanqaku adadayo. Olu vavanyo lunemisonto emininzi (imisonto eli-16 ngondoqo ngamnye), luya kudubula imitha eyi-8 kwipikseli nganye yokuchasana no-aliasing kwaye ivelise umfanekiso we-1600x1200. Ixesha lokwenziwa kovavanyo liyalinganiswa.
- I-Parallel BZIP2 Uxinzelelo - Uvavanyo lulinganisa ixesha elifunekayo ukucinezela ifayile (ikhowudi yomthombo we-Linux kernel .tar package) usebenzisa i-BZIP2 yoxinzelelo.
- Ukufakwa kweekhowudi kwidatha yomsindo. Uvavanyo lwe-LAME MP3 Encoding luqhuba kumsonto omnye. Ixesha elithathiweyo ukugqibezela uvavanyo liyalinganiswa.
- Ukufakwa kweekhowudi kwidatha yevidiyo. Uvavanyo lwe-ffmpeg x264- inemisonto emininzi. Ixesha elithathiweyo ukugqibezela uvavanyo liyalinganiswa.
Iziphumo zovavanyo
I-i9-10900K ingcono kuneyandulelayo kakhulu 44%. Ngokombono wam, umphumo ulula nje.
Umahluko kuvavanyo lomsonto omnye uphelele 6,7%, ekulindeleke ngokubanzi: umahluko phakathi kwe-5 GHz kunye ne-5,3 GHz ifana ne-300 MHz. Le yi-6%. Kodwa bekukho iincoko :)
Kodwa kuvavanyo lweparrot enemisonto emininzi, imveliso entsha iphantse yafika 33% Kaninzi. Apha i-TVB idlale indima ebalulekileyo, esakwazi ukuyisebenzisa phantse ukuya phezulu kunye ne-SVO yesiko. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu, izinga lokushisa kuvavanyo alizange liphakame ngaphezu kwama-degrees angama-62, kwaye ii-cores zisebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-4,9 GHz.
Uhluko 52,5%. Kanye njengoko kuvavanyo lwe-Sysbench kunye ne-multi-threaded Geekbench, ukukhokela okubalulekileyo kufezekiswa ngenxa ye-CBO kunye ne-TVB. Ubushushu beyona ndawo ishushu kakhulu yi-66 degrees.
Kolu vavanyo, umahluko phakathi kweeprosesa zezizukulwana ezahlukeneyo 35,7%. Kwaye olu luvavanyo olufanayo olugcina iprosesa phantsi komthwalo ophezulu we-100% yexesha, ukufudumala ukuya kuma-67-68 degrees.
97,8%. Amathuba okuphakama okuphindwe kabini ngenxa yee-cores ezi-2 kunye neemegahertz ezimbalwa "zincinci kakhulu". Ngoko ke, umphumo ufana ne-anomaly. Ndicinga ukuba kukho ukulungiswa kovavanyo ngokwalo, okanye ukwenziwa kweprosesa. Okanye mhlawumbi zombini. Kule meko, asiyi kuthembela kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo. Nangona umzobo uyamangalisa.
Kodwa apha ndiqinisekile ukuba ukulungelelaniswa kwenziwe kuvavanyo ngokwalo. Oku kukwangqinwa ngovavanyo oluphindaphindiweyo lwe-AMD Ryzen, oluphumelela ngcono ngakumbi, nangona iRyazan ingenamandla kangako kwiimvavanyo ezinentambo enye. Ngoko ke, inzuzo 65% ayiyi kubala. Kodwa kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthetha ngaloo nto. Nangona kunjalo, sibhala enye kwaye sigcine ezimbini engqondweni.
Umahluko phakathi kwezizukulwana - 44,7%. Yonke into ilungile apha, ngoko sibala umphumo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, olu luvavanyo kanye apho ukusebenza okuphezulu kucinezelwe kumthwalo onomsonto omnye. Kwelinye icala, unokubona umsebenzi owenziweyo ukucokisa kunye nokwandisa i-kernel-ukuhlaziya ngokuhlaziya, kodwa into ephantsi kwe-hood yenziwe ngokucacileyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iziphumo ezinjalo zingabonisa ukuba asikwazanga ukukhupha ixesha lokugqibela kuvavanyo olufanayo kunye ne-i9-9900K. Ndiya kuvuya ukufunda iingcamango zakho kulo mbandela kwizimvo.
Isizukulwana seshumi sifikela esesithoba ngokuzithemba 50,9%. Into elindeleke kakhulu. Apha ii-cores kunye nee-frequencies zongezwa ngumthetho we-Intel i9-10900K.
Umahluko phakathi kwezizukulwana - 6,3%. Ngokombono wam, umphumo uphikisana kakhulu. Kumanqaku azayo, ndicinga ngokuluyeka ngokupheleleyo olu vavanyo. Inyani kukuba kwiinkqubo ezinama-cores angaphezu kwama-36 (imisonto engama-72), uvavanyo aluphumeleli konke konke ngemimiselo eqhelekileyo, kwaye umahluko kwiziphumo ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ubalwe kwindawo yesithathu yesishumi. Kulungile, siza kubona. Ungabelana ngoluvo lwakho ngalo mbandela kumagqabaza.
Umahluko kukuba 28%. Akukho nto imangalisayo, i-anomalies okanye ulungelelwaniso oluqatshelwe apha. Ukuhlaziya okucocekileyo kwaye akukho nto.
i9-10900K ibetha i9-9900K nge 38,7%. Njengeziphumo zovavanyo lwangaphambili, umahluko ulindelekile kwaye ubonisa ngokucacileyo umsantsa wokwenyani phakathi kweeprosesa kwi-microarchitecture efanayo.
Ngoko ke, makhe sishwankathele. Ngokubanzi, akukho nto ingalindelekanga - i-i9-10900K idlula i-i9-9900K eyandulelayo kuzo zonke iimvavanyo. Q.E.D. Ixabiso loku kukuvelisa ubushushu. Ukuba ujonge iprosesa entsha yokusetyenziswa ekhaya kwaye uya kucudisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kwi-Core yesizukulwana seshumi, ndincoma ukuba ucinge ngenkqubo yokupholisa kwangaphambili, kuba ii-coolers zodwa aziyi kwanela.
Okanye yiza kuthi kootatomkhulu. Isisombululo esele silungiselelwe kwiqonga elihle kunye ne-CBO ehloniphekileyo, leyo, ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye iingenelo, njengoko sifumene, nazo zinamandla okugqithisa.
Iiseva ezinikezelweyo zisetyenzisiwe kuvavanyo iprosesa-based. Nayiphi na kuzo, kunye noqwalaselo kunye neprosesa ye-i7-9700K, inokuodolwa nge-7% isaphulelo usebenzisa ikhowudi yokunyusa i-INTELHABR. Ixesha lesaphulelo lilingana nexesha lokuhlawula elikhethiweyo xa u-odola umncedisi. Isaphulelo usebenzisa ikhowudi yokuthengisa idibaniswe nesaphulelo sexesha. Ikhowudi yokuthengisa isebenza kude kube ngumhla wama-31 kuDisemba, 2020.
umthombo: www.habr.com