Kwi-2014, isikolo sasemaphandleni esingaphandle kweCampo Mayor eBrazil sasiqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi. Isiganeko esiqhelekileyo, ukuba kungekhona "kodwa" enye. Uqhagamshelo lwenziwe ngebhaluni yestratospheric. Lo msitho waba yimpumelelo yokuqala yeprojekthi yamabhongo , icandelo le-Alphabet. Kwaye sele sele i-5 iminyaka kamva, oorhulumente bamazwe achaphazelekayo yinkanyamba enkulu kunye nenyikima baphendukela eLoon ngesicelo esisemthethweni soncedo ekuboneleleni ngonxibelelwano lwe-Intanethi. I-Cloud4Y icacisa ukuba unxibelelwano lwelifu lukaGoogle lube yinyani.
IProjekthi yeLoon inomdla kuba iphakamisa ukusombulula ingxaki yonxibelelwano lwe-Intanethi kwimimandla ethi, ngenxa yesizathu esithile, inqunyulwe kwimpucuko kunye nenkqubo yoqoqosho lwehlabathi. Oku akuthethi ukuba kubangelwa yintlekele yemvelo. Ingxaki isenokuba kwindawo ekude yejografi okanye kwindawo engafanelekanga yommandla. Yiba nokuba kunjalo, ukuba umntu une-smartphone, uya kukwazi ukudibanisa kwi-Intanethi ngokubulela kwiibhaluni ezilungiselelwe nguLoon.
Umgangatho wonxibelelwano nawo ukwinqanaba. NgoFebruwari 2016, uGoogle wabhengeza ukuba uzuze unxibelelwano lwelaser oluzinzileyo phakathi kweebhaluni ezimbini kumgama oziikhilomitha ezili-62. Uqhagamshelwano lwaluzinzile kwiiyure ezininzi, imini nobusuku, kunye nesantya sokudlulisa idatha ye-100 Mbps yarekhodwa.
ntoni lo msebenzi
Ingcamango isenokubonakala ilula. ULoon wathatha ezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo zombhobho weselfowuni waze wazilungisa ngokutsha ukuze zibe nokuthuthwa ngebhaluni yomoya oshushu kumgama ongama-20 km. Oku kuphezulu kakhulu kuneenqwelomoya, izilwanyana zasendle kunye neziganeko zemozulu. Oko kuthetha ukuba ikhuselekile. Iibhaluni zeLoon ziyakwazi ukumelana neemeko ezinzima kwi-stratosphere, apho isantya somoya sinokufikelela kwi-100 km/h kwaye amaqondo obushushu angehla ukuya kuma -90 °C.
Ibhola nganye ine-capsule ekhethekileyo - imodyuli elawula inkqubo yeLoon. Zonke izixhobo ezisebholeni zisebenza kwimithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo. Iiphaneli zelanga zinika amandla inkqubo ngexesha lasemini kwaye zihlawulisa ibhetri eyakhelweyo ekusebenzeni kwasebusuku. Ii-eriyali zebhaluni zeLoon zibonelela ngoqhagamshelo kwizikhululo eziphantsi ngothungelwano olunabileyo lwe-mesh, ezivumela abanini bezixhobo eziphathwayo ukuba babe kwi-intanethi ngaphandle kwesidingo saso nasiphi na isixhobo esongezelelweyo. Xa kwenzeka ingozi kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-cylinder, imodyuli ye-hardware enesisindo se-15 kg iyancipha usebenzisa i-parachute engxamisekileyo.
Ukuphakama kwendiza yebhaluni kunokutshintshwa ngokusetyenziswa kwebhaluni encedisayo egcwele i-helium ukusuka kwibhaluni eyintloko ukufumana ukuphakama. Kwaye ngenxa yokwehla kwi-cylinder encedisayo, i-helium iphinda iphonswe emva kweyona nto iphambili. Ukuqhuba kuyasebenza kangangokuba ngo-2015 uLoon wakwazi ukubhabha iikhilomitha ezili-10, efika kwindawo efunwayo ngokuchaneka kweemitha ezingama-000.
Ibhaluni nganye, elingana nebala lentenetya, yenziwe ngeplastiki ethembeke kakhulu ebhetyebhetye kwaye yenzelwe ukuhlala iintsuku ezili-150 zokubhabha. Olu kuqina luyisiphumo sovavanyo olubanzi lwezixhobo zebhaluni (igobolondo lebhola). Esi sixhobo kufuneka sithintele i-helium ukuba ingavuzi kwaye yonakalise isilinda kumaqondo aphantsi. Kwi-stratosphere, apho iibhaluni ziqaliswa khona, iplastiki eqhelekileyo iba brittle kwaye yonakala ngokulula. Nokuba umngxuma omncinane oyi-2 mm unokunciphisa ubomi bebhola ngeeveki ezininzi. Kwaye ukukhangela umngxuma we-2mm kwibhola enendawo ye-600 sq.m. - oko kuseluyolo.
Ngelixa kuvavanywa imathiriyeli, kwathi gqi kwenye yeenkokeli zeprojekthi ukuba abavelisi beekhondom babefumana iingxaki ezifanayo. Kweli shishini, ukuvuleka okungacwangciswanga nako akunqweneleki. Ukusebenzisa ubuchule babo, iqela leLoon lenze iimvavanyo ezininzi eziye zavumela ukuba benze izinto ezintsha kunye nokutshintsha isakhiwo seebhaluni, okubangele ukwanda kubomi bebhaluni. Kweli hlobo siye sakwazi ukufikelela “umgama” weentsuku ezingama-223!
Iqela leLoon ligxininisa ngokukodwa ukuba alizange lidale enye ibhaluni, kodwa isixhobo "esihlakaniphile". Iqaliswe kwiphedi yokusungula ekhethekileyo, iibhaluni zeLoon zinokubhabha ziye kulo naliphi na ilizwe emhlabeni. Ii-algorithms zoomatshini ziqikelela iipateni zomoya kwaye zithathe isigqibo sokuyinyusa okanye ezantsi ibhola kwimaleko yomoya ovuthuza kwicala olifunayo. Inkqubo yokukhangela isebenza ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye abaqhubi babantu balawula ukuhamba kwebhola kwaye banokungenelela xa kuyimfuneko.
I-Loon ivumela abasebenzisi beselula ukuba bandise ukhuseleko apho kuyimfuneko. Iqela leebhaluni zeLoon lenza uthungelwano olubonelela ngoqhagamshelo kubantu abakwindawo ethile ngendlela efanayo neqela leenqaba ezisemhlabeni lenza inethiwekhi yomhlaba. Umahluko kuphela kukuba "iinqaba" zomoya zihlala zihamba. Uthungelwano oludalwe ngamabhaluni luyakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo, ngokufanelekileyo ukudibanisa umzila phakathi kweebhaluni kunye nezikhululo zomhlaba, ngokuqwalasela ukuhamba kwebhaluni, imiqobo kunye neemeko zemozulu.
Zikhe zasetyenziswa phi iibhola zeLoon ngaphambili?
"Yonke into intle ngokwethiyori, kodwa kuthekani ngokusebenza?" uyabuza. Kukwakho nokuziqhelanisa. Kwi-2017, isebenze kunye ne-Federal Communications Commission, i-Federal Aviation Administration, i-FEMA, i-AT & T, i-T-Mobile kunye nabanye ukubonelela ngonxibelelwano olusisiseko kubantu be-200 ePuerto Rico emva kokutshatyalaliswa okubangelwa yiNkanyamba uMaria. Iibhaluni zasungulwa eNevada kwaye zafika ngokukhawuleza ePuerto Rico. Siyabulela koku, sakwazi ukuvavanya ezinye izisombululo, ukuchonga iimpazamo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye sibonisa ukusebenza kombono.
Kancinane kamva, intlekele yendalo ePeru yabangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiziseko zophuhliso. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba izikhukhula zenzeke kumntla wePeru, iqela leLoon lathumela iibhaluni zabo kwindawo echaphazelekayo. Kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu, abasebenzisi bathumele kwaye bafumana i-160 GB yedatha, elingana ne-SMS emalunga nezigidi ezingama-30 okanye ii-imeyile ezizizigidi ezibini. Indawo yokugubungela yayingama-40 amawaka sq. km.
Ekupheleni kukaMeyi 2019, inyikima etshabalalisayo enobukhulu be-8,0 yenzeke kwakhona ePeru. Kweminye imimandla, i-Intanethi yavalwa ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa amawaka abantu ayefuna ukwazi ngemeko yabathandekayo babo. Ukuseka unxibelelwano, urhulumente welizwe kunye nomsebenzisi wezonxibelelwano wasekhaya uTefónica wabhenela kwaLoon ukuze asasaze i-Intanethi esebenzisa iibhaloni zayo. I-Intanethi yalungiswa kwiiyure ezingama-48.
Ukungcangcazela kokuqala kwenzeka ngeCawa kusasa, kwaye emva kokufumana isicelo soncedo, uLoon waphinda wathumela iibhaluni zakhe ukusuka ePuerto Rico ukuya ePeru. Ukubahambisa, njengesiqhelo, amandla omoya asetyenziswa. Iibhaloni zabamba imisinga yomoya ukuya kwicala ebekufuneka zihambe ngalo. Ezi zixhobo zathatha iintsuku ezimbini ukuhamba ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-3000.
Iibhaluni zeLoon zisasazeke kuwo wonke amantla ePeru, nganye ibonelela nge-intanethi ye-4G kwindawo ye-5000 yeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha. Kwakukho ibhaluni enye kuphela eqhagamshelwe kwisikhululo esingaphantsi, eyayinxibelelana ize idlulisele imiqondiso kwezinye izixhobo. Ngaphambili, inkampani ibonise kuphela amandla okuhambisa imiqondiso phakathi kweebhaluni ezisixhenxe, kodwa ngeli xesha inani labo lifikelele kwishumi.
Indawo yeebhaluni zeLoon ePeru
Inkampani yakwazi ukubonelela abahlali basePeru ngesiseko esisisiseko sonxibelelwano: i-SMS, i-imeyile kunye nokufikelela kwi-Intanethi ngesantya esincinci. Kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala, bamalunga nama-20 abantu abasebenzisa i-Intanethi kwiibhaluni zeLoon.
Ngenxa yoko, nge-20 kaNovemba ka-2019, uLoon watyikitya isivumelwano sorhwebo sokubonelela ngeenkonzo kwiindawo zehlathi laseAmazon ePeru, evumelana ne (IpT), i-mobile operator kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. Ngeli xesha, iibhaluni zeLoon ziya kusetyenziswa njengesisombululo esisisigxina soqhagamshelwano lwe-intanethi endaweni yokulungiswa kwexeshana emva kwentlekele yendalo. KUNYE
Isivumelwano phakathi kwe-IpT kunye neLoon sisafuna ukuvunywa nguMphathiswa wezoThutho noNxibelelwano wasePeru. Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, uLoon kunye ne-IpT banethemba lokubonelela ngeenkonzo ze-intanethi eziphathwayo ukuqala ngo-2020. Eli nyathelo liza kugxila kwingingqi yasePeru yeLoreto, eyenza phantse isinye kwisithathu selizwe kwaye ilikhaya kubantu abaninzi bomthonyama. I-Loon iya kuqala ukugubungela i-15 yepesenti ye-Loreto, enokuthi ifikelele malunga ne-200 yabahlali. Kodwa inkampani sele ibhengeze injongo yayo yokudibanisa abantu abazizigidi ezi-000 kumaphandle asePeru ngo-6.
Ukusetyenziswa ngempumelelo kweebhaluni zomoya oshushu ePeru ixesha elide kunokuvula iingcango kwamanye amazwe. Okwangoku, inkampani ityikitye isivumelwano sokuqala eKenya neTelkom Kenya kwaye ngoku ilindele imvume yokugqibela yolawulo ukuze iqalise ulingo lwayo lokuqala lwentengiso elizweni.
Ubuncinci obuncinciKufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ayizizo zonke izinto ezintle ngetekhnoloji. Nalu uluhlu lweziganeko ezibandakanya iibhola zeLoon:
- NgoMeyi 29, 2014, ibhaluni yeLoon yantlitheka kwiintambo zombane eWashington, eUnited States.
- NgoJuni 20, 2014, amagosa aseNew Zealand abiza iinkonzo zongxamiseko emva kokubona ukuntlitheka kwebhaluni.
- NgoNovemba ka-2014, umlimi waseMzantsi Afrika wafumanisa ibhaluni yomoya eshushu eyantlithekayo kwiNtlango yaseKaroo phakathi kweStrydenburgh neBritstown.
- NgoAprili 23, 2015, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yantlitheka kwibala elikufutshane naseBragg, eMissouri.
- NgoSeptemba 12, 2015, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yaphuka kwingca engaphambili yendlu yaseRancho Hills, eCalifornia.
- Ngomhla we-17 kaFebruwari, i-2016, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yaphuka ngelixa uvavanyo kwindawo yeti yaseGampola, eSri Lanka.
- NgoAprili 7, 2016, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yafika ingacwangciswanga kwifama yaseDundee, KwaZulu-Natal, eMzantsi Afrika.
- Ngo-Aprili 22, 2016, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yantlitheka ebaleni kwisebe laseXiembuco, eParaguay.
- NgoAgasti 22, 2016, ibhaloni yafika kwifama yaseFormosa, eArgentina, ekumgama omalunga neekhilomitha eziyi-40. kwintshona yekomkhulu.
- NgoAgasti 26, 2016, ibhaluni yahlala kumntla-ntshona weMadison, kuMzantsi Dakota.
- NgoJanuwari 9, 2017, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yantlitheka eSeyik, kufuphi neChanguinola, kwiPhondo laseBocas del Toro, ePanama.
- NgoJanuwari 8, 2017 nangoJanuwari 10, 2017, iibhaluni ezimbini zeLoon zahlala kwi-10 km empuma yeCerro Chato kunye ne-40 km kumntla-ntshona weMariscala, e-Uruguay.
- NgoFebruwari 17, 2017, ibhaluni yeLoon yantlitheka eBuriti dos Montes, eBrazil.
- Ngo-Matshi 14, i-2017, ibhaluni yeLoon yaphahlazeka eSan Luis, eTolima, eColombia.
- NgoMatshi 19, 2017, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yantlitheka eTacuarembo, eUruguay.
- Ngo-Agasti 9, 2017, ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yantlitheka kwityholo lengcongolo e-Olmos, eLambayeque, ePeru.
- 30 декабря 2017 года воздушный шар разбился в Нтамбиро, Центральная Игембе, округ Меру, Кения.
Ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo kukho imingcipheko. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho izibonelelo ezingakumbi kwiibhaluni zeLoon.
UPD: uyayibona indawo yeebhaluni (khangela eMzantsi Melika). Enkosi ukwenzela ingcaciso
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