Mihla le, izigidi zababukeli zibukela iividiyo kwi-Intanethi. Kodwa ukuze ividiyo ifumaneke, akufuneki ilayishwe kuphela kwiseva, kodwa iqhubeke. Ukukhawuleza oku kwenzeka, kungcono kwinkonzo kunye nabasebenzisi bayo.
Igama lam ngu-Askar Kamalov, kunyaka odlulileyo ndajoyina iqela le-teknoloji ye-Yandex yevidiyo. Namhlanje ndiza kuxelela abafundi bakaHabr ngokufutshane malunga nendlela, ngokuthelekisa inkqubo yokufaka iikhowudi, sikwazile ukukhawulezisa ukuhanjiswa kwevidiyo kumsebenzisi.
Esi sithuba siya kuba nomdla kakhulu kwabo bangazange bacinge ngaphambili malunga nento eyenzekayo phantsi kwe-hood yeenkonzo zevidiyo. Kwizimvo unokubuza imibuzo kwaye ucebise ngezihloko zezithuba ezizayo.
Amagama ambalwa malunga nomsebenzi ngokwawo. I-Yandex ayikuncedi kuphela ukukhangela iividiyo kwezinye iisayithi, kodwa igcina iividiyo kwiinkonzo zayo. Ingaba yinkqubo yokuqala okanye umdlalo wezemidlalo emoyeni, ifilimu kwiKinoPoisk okanye iividiyo kwiZen kunye neNdaba - konke oku kufakwe kwiiseva zethu. Ukuze abasebenzisi babukele ividiyo, kufuneka ilungiswe: iguqulelwe kwifomathi efunekayo, yenze ipreview, okanye iqhube ngetekhnoloji. . Ifayile engekalungiswa ithatha nje indawo. Ngaphezu koko, asithethi kuphela malunga nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-hardware, kodwa kunye nesantya sokuhanjiswa komxholo kubasebenzisi. Umzekelo: ukurekhodwa komzuzu wokugqibela womdlalo wehoki unokukhangelwa kwisithuba somzuzu emva kwesiganeko ngokwaso.
Ukufakwa kweekhowudi ngokulandelelana
Ke, ulonwabo lomsebenzisi ubukhulu becala luxhomekeke kwindlela ividiyo efumaneka ngayo ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye oku kumiselwa ikakhulu ngesantya sokudlulisa iikhowudi. Xa kungekho mfuneko zingqongqo kwisantya sokulayisha ividiyo, ke akukho ngxaki. Uthatha ifayile enye, engabonakaliyo, uyiguqule, kwaye uyilayishe. Ekuqaleni kohambo lwethu, nantsi indlela ebesisebenza ngayo:
Umxhasi ulayisha ividiyo kwindawo yokugcina, icandelo le-Analyzer liqokelela ulwazi lwe-meta kwaye lidlulisela ividiyo kwi-Worker component for conversion. Zonke izigaba zenziwa ngokulandelelanayo. Kule meko, kunokubakho iiseva ezininzi ze-encoding, kodwa inye kuphela exakekileyo ilungisa ividiyo ethile. Lula, umzobo ocacileyo. Kulapho iinzuzo zayo ziphela khona. Esi sikimu sinokulinganiswa ngokuthe nkqo (ngenxa yokuthengwa kweeseva ezinamandla ngakumbi).
Ukufakwa kweekhowudi ngokulandelelanayo kunye nesiphumo esiphakathi
Ukugudisa ngandlel' ithile ukulinda okubuhlungu, ishishini leza nenketho yokubhala ikhowudi ngokukhawuleza. Igama liyalahlekisa, kuba enyanisweni, ukubhalwa kweekhowudi ngokupheleleyo kwenzeka ngokulandelelana kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide nje. Kodwa ngesiphumo esiphakathi. Umbono ngulo: lungiselela kwaye upapashe uguqulelo olunesisombululo esisezantsi sevidiyo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye emva koko kuphela iinguqulelo ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu.
Kwelinye icala, ividiyo ifumaneka ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye iluncedo kwiziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Kodwa kwelinye icala, umfanekiso ujika ube mfiliba, kwaye oku kuyabacaphukisa ababukeli.
Kuyavela ukuba awudingi ukwenza ividiyo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa nokugcina umgangatho wayo. Yile nto abasebenzisi abayilindeleyo kwinkonzo yevidiyo ngoku. Kungabonakala ngathi kwanele ukuthenga ezona seva zivelisa kakhulu (kwaye uziphucule rhoqo ngaxeshanye). Kodwa esi sisiphelo, kuba kuhlala kukho ividiyo eya kwenza neyona nto inamandla kakhulu icothe.
Ukufakwa kweekhowudi ezinxuseneyo
Kusebenza kakhulu ukwahlula ingxaki entsonkothileyo kwizinto ezininzi ezingantsonkothanga kakhulu kwaye uzisombulule ngokuhambelana kwiiseva ezahlukeneyo. Le yiMaphu Nciphisa ividiyo. Kule meko, asikhawulelwanga yintsebenzo yomncedisi omnye kwaye sinokukhula ngokuthe tye (ngokongeza oomatshini abatsha).
Ngendlela, umbono wokwahlula iividiyo zibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci, ukusetyenzwa ngokuhambelana kunye nokuzincamathela kunye akuyomfihlo. Unokufumana ezininzi izikhombisi kule ndlela (umzekelo, kuHabrΓ© ndincoma isithuba malunga neprojekthi ). Kodwa oku akukwenzi kube lula, kuba awukwazi nje ukuthatha isisombululo esele senziwe kwaye uyakhe kwikhaya lakho. Sifuna ukuziqhelanisa neziseko zethu, ividiyo yethu kunye nomthwalo wethu. Ngokubanzi, kulula ukubhala ngokwakho.
Ke, kuyilo olutsha, sahlulahlule ibhloko ye-monolithic Worker kunye nekhowudi elandelelanayo kwi-microservices Segmenter, Tcoder, Combiner.
- I-Segmenter iqhekeza ividiyo ibe ngamaqhekeza malunga nemizuzwana ye-10. Amaqhekeza aqulathe iGOP enye okanye ngaphezulu (). I-GOP nganye izimele kwaye ifakwe iikhowudi ngokwahlukeneyo ukuze ikwazi ukuqondwa ngaphandle kokubhekisela kwizakhelo ezivela kwezinye ii-GOP. Oko kukuthi, amaqhekeza angadlalwa ngokuzimeleyo omnye komnye. Oku kukwahlula kunciphisa ukubambezeleka, kuvumela ukuqhubekeka kuqalwe kwangethuba.
- I-Tcoder isebenza kwiqhekeza ngalinye. Kuthatha umsebenzi ovela kumgca, ukukhuphela iqhekeza kwindawo yokugcina, ukuyifaka kwiikhowudi ezahlukeneyo (khumbula ukuba umdlali unokukhetha uguqulelo olusekwe kwisantya soqhagamshelo), emva koko ubeka isiphumo kugcino kwaye uphawule isiqwenga njengoko senziwe. kuvimba weenkcukacha. Emva kokucubungula onke amaqhekeza, i-Tcoder ithumela umsebenzi ukuvelisa iziphumo zecandelo elilandelayo.
- Umdibanisi uqokelela iziphumo kunye: ukhuphela onke amaqhekeza enziwe yi-Tcoder, uvelisa imijelo yezisombululo ezahlukeneyo.
Amagama ambalwa malunga nesandi. Eyona codec idumileyo yomsindo we-AAC inophawu olungathandekiyo. Ukuba udibanisa amaqhekeza ngokwahlukeneyo, ngoko awuyi kukwazi ukuwancamathela ngaphandle komthungo. Utshintsho luya kubonakala. Iikhowudi zevidiyo azinayo le ngxaki. Ngokwethiyori, unokukhangela isisombululo esintsonkothileyo sobuchwephesha, kodwa lo mdlalo awufanelanga ukuba ikhandlela okwangoku (umsindo unobunzima obungaphantsi kwevidiyo). Ke ngoko, yividiyo kuphela efakwe ngokuhambelanayo, kwaye yonke ingoma yomsindo iyacutshungulwa.
Iziphumo
Enkosi ngokusetyenzwa kwevidiyo ehambelanayo, sikunciphise kakhulu ukulibaziseka phakathi kwevidiyo efakwe kuthi kwaye ifumaneke kubasebenzisi. Umzekelo, ngaphambili bekungathatha iiyure ezimbini ukwenza iinguqulelo ezininzi ezipheleleyo zomgangatho owahlukileyo wefilimu ye-FullHD ethatha iyure enesiqingatha. Ngoku konke oku kuthatha imizuzu eyi-15. Ngaphezu koko, ngokucutshungulwa okufanayo, senza inguqulelo enesisombululo esiphezulu ngokukhawuleza kunoguqulelo olunesisombululo esisezantsi kunye nesiphumo esidala esiphakathi.
Kwaye enye into. Ngendlela endala, mhlawumbi bekungekho mncedisi oneleyo, okanye bebengenzi nto ngaphandle kwemisebenzi. Ikhowudi ehambelanayo ikuvumela ukuba ukwandise isabelo sokuphinda usebenzise isinyithi. Ngoku iqela lethu labancedisi abangaphezu kwewaka lihlala lixakekile yinto ethile.
Enyanisweni, kusekho indawo yokuphucula. Umzekelo, singonga ixesha elibalulekileyo ukuba siqala ukwenza amaqhekeza evidiyo ngaphambi kokuba ifike kuthi iyonke. Njengoko besitsho, kuninzi okuzayo.
Bhala kumazwana ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi kwintsimi yokusebenza ngevidiyo ongathanda ukufunda ngayo.
Amakhonkco aluncedo kumava abalingane boshishino
umthombo: www.habr.com