Usenokuba ukhe weva ngabahlalutyi, ukufunda koomatshini kunye neengcali zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kodwa ngaba ukhe weva ngabo bahlawulwa ngokungafanelekanga? Hlangana data charlatan! Ezi hacks, zitsalwa yimisebenzi enengeniso, zinika izazinzulu zedatha yokwenyani igama elibi. Kwizinto eziphathekayo siyaqonda indlela yokuzisa abantu abanjalo kumanzi acocekileyo.
Iicharlatan zedatha zikuyo yonke indawo
Ii-charlatans zedatha zilungile ekuzifihleni emehlweni onokuthi unako ube ngomnye waboengakhange ayiqonde. Amathuba kukuba, umbutho wakho ubambe aba bafana bakhohlisayo iminyaka, kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kulula ukubachonga ukuba uyayazi into omawuyijonge.
Uphawu lokuqala isilumkiso kukungaqondi ukuba uhlalutyo kunye nezibalo zizifundo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Ndiza kucacisa oku ngakumbi.
Izifundo ezahlukeneyo
Abanini-manani baqeqeshelwa ukwenza izigqibo malunga noko kuhamba ngaphaya kwedatha yabo, abahlalutyi baqeqeshelwa ukuhlola umxholo wedatha. Ngamanye amazwi, abahlalutyi bafikelela kwizigqibo malunga noko kukwidatha yabo, kwaye abanini-manani bafikelela kwizigqibo malunga nento engekho kwidatha. Abahlalutyi bakunceda ukuba ubuze imibuzo efanelekileyo (yenza i-hypotheses), kunye nezibalo zikunceda ufumane iimpendulo ezilungileyo (vavanya iingcamango zakho).
Kukho neendima ezinqabileyo ezixubileyo apho umntu ezama ukuhlala kwizitulo ezibini ... Kutheni kungenjalo? Umgaqo osisiseko wesayensi yedatha: ukuba ujongene nokungaqiniseki, awukwazi ukusebenzisa enjalo indawo yedatha yeengqikelelo kunye novavanyo. Xa idatha ilinganiselwe, ukungaqiniseki kunyanzelisa ukhetho phakathi kwamanani okanye uhlalutyo. Inkcazo .
Ngaphandle kwezibalo, uya kubambeka kwaye ungakwazi ukuqonda ukuba isigwebo osandula ukusiqulunqa simi na, kwaye ngaphandle kohlalutyo, uhamba ngobumfama, unethuba elincinane lokulawula okungaziwayo. Olu lukhetho olunzima.
Indlela ye-charlatan yokuphuma kobu bugxwayiba kukungayihoyi kwaye emva koko yenza ngathi iyamangaliswa yinto ejika ngokukhawuleza. Ingqiqo emva kovavanyo lweengcinga manani zehla kumbuzo wokuba ingaba idatha iyasothusa ngokwaneleyo ukuba sitshintshe iingqondo zethu. Sinokumangaliswa njani yidatha ukuba sele siyibonile?
Nanini na xa ama-charlatans efumana ipateni, ayaphefumlelwa, emva koko ajonge idatha efanayo kuba ipateni efanayo, ukupapasha isiphumo ngexabiso le-p elisemthethweni okanye ezimbini, ecaleni kwethiyori yabo. Ngaloo ndlela, bayakuxokisa (kwaye, mhlawumbi, nakubo). Eli xabiso le-p alinamsebenzi nokuba awubambeleli kwingqikelelo yakho Π΄ΠΎ uyijonge njani idatha yakho. I-Charlatans ixelisa izenzo zabahlalutyi kunye namanani-manani ngaphandle kokuqonda izizathu. Ngenxa yoko, yonke intsimi yesayensi yedatha ifumana igama elibi.
Iingcali manani zokwenyani zihlala zizenzela ezazo izigqibo
Enkosi kudumo oluphantse luyimfihlakalo lwababhali-manani ngokuqiqa kwabo, isixa solwazi olungeyonyani kwiSayensi yeDatha luphezulu kakhulu. Kulula ukukhohlisa kwaye ungabanjwa, ngakumbi ukuba ixhoba elingalindelekanga licinga ukuba konke malunga nee-equations kunye nedatha. Iseti yedatha yiseti yedatha, akunjalo? Hayi. Ibalulekile indlela oyisebenzisa ngayo.
Ngethamsanqa, udinga umkhondo omnye kuphela wokubamba ii-charlatans: "bafumanisa iMelika ngokuphindaphindiweyo." Ngokufumanisa kwakhona izinto esele bezazi ukuba zikhona kwidatha.
Ngokungafaniyo nama-charlatans, abahlalutyi abalungileyo banengqondo evulekileyo kwaye bayaqonda ukuba iingcamango ezikhuthazayo zinokuba neenkcazo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ababhali-manani abalungileyo bazichaza ngocoselelo izigqibo zabo ngaphambi kokuba bazenze.
Abahlalutyi bakhululiwe kuxanduva... okoko nje behlala ngaphakathi kwendawo yedatha yabo. Ukuba bahendwa ukuba bafune into abangayibonanga, ngumsebenzi omnye lowo. Bafanele bakhulule izicathulo zomhlalutyi kwaye banxibe izicathulo ze-statistician. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni na isihloko somsebenzi osemthethweni, akukho mgaqo othi awukwazi ukufunda zombini ubuchwephesha ukuba uyafuna. Musa nje ukubabhidanisa.
Kuba ulichule kwizibalo akuthethi ukuba ulungile kuhlalutyo, kwaye ngokuphendululekileyo. Ukuba umntu uzama ukukuxelela ngenye indlela, kufuneka ulumke. Ukuba lo mntu ukuxelela ukuba kuvumelekile ukuba wenze izigqibo zobalo kwidatha osele uyifundile, esi sizathu sokuba uqaphele ngokuphindwe kabini.
Iingcaciso ezingaqhelekanga
Xa ujonga i-charlatans yedatha endle, uya kuqaphela ukuba bayathanda ukwenza amabali amnandi "ukucacisa" idatha abayibonayo. Okukhona isifundiswa, kokukhona ngcono. Ayinamsebenzi into yokuba la mabali ahlengahlengiswe ngokujonga emva.
Xa amaqola esenza le nto - mandicacise - ayaxoka. Akukho xabiso leequations okanye iikhonsepthi ezintle ezinokuthi zenze into yokuba banike ubungqina obuqanda-intloko beethiyori zabo. Musa ukumangaliswa yindlela ezingaqhelekanga ngayo iingcaciso zabo.
Oku kuyafana nokubonisa izakhono zakho "zengqondo" ngokuqala ujonge amakhadi asezandleni zakho kwaye uqikelele ukuba ubambe ntoni ... into oyibambileyo. Oku kuthambekela kokujonga emva, kwaye ubuchwephesha besayensi yedatha buzaliswe ngokupheleleyo ngayo.
Abahlalutyi bathi: "Usanda kuhamba noKumkanikazi weDayimane." Izazi-manani zithi, βNdizibhale phantsi iingqikelelo zam kweli phetshana ngaphambi kokuba siqale. Masidlale apha sijonge idata sibone ukuba ndiright na." UCharlatans uthi: "Bendisazi ukuba uza kuba nguKumkanikazi weDayimane kuba..."
Ukwabelana ngedatha lulungiso olukhawulezayo olufunwa ngumntu wonke.
Xa kungekho datha eninzi, kufuneka ukhethe phakathi kwezibalo kunye nohlalutyo, kodwa xa kukho idatha eninzi ngokwaneleyo, kukho ithuba elihle lokusebenzisa uhlalutyo ngaphandle kokukhohlisa. ΠΈ izibalo. Unokuzikhusela ngokugqibeleleyo kwi-charlatans - ukuhlukana kwedatha kwaye, ngokombono wam, le ngcamango enamandla kakhulu kwiNzululwazi yeDatha.
Ukuzikhusela kwii-charlatans, konke okufuneka ukwenze kukuqinisekisa ukuba ugcina idatha yovavanyo ngaphandle kokufikelela emehlweni abo, kwaye uphathe abanye njengohlalutyo. Xa udibana nethiyori ukuba usemngciphekweni wokuyamkela, yisebenzise ukuvavanya imeko, kwaye emva koko uveze idatha yakho yovavanyo oluyimfihlo ukujonga ukuba ithiyori ayiyomfeketho. Ilula kakhulu!
Qinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu uvunyelwe ukujonga idatha yovavanyo ngexesha lesigaba sokuhlola. Ukwenza oku, namathela kwidatha yophando. Idatha yovavanyo akufanele isetyenziselwe uhlalutyo.
Eli linyathelo elikhulu ukusuka kwinto abantu abaqhele ukuyenza "kwidatha encinci", apho kufuneka uchaze ukuba uyazi njani into oyaziyo ukuze ekugqibeleni uqiniseke abantu ukuba uyayazi into.
Sebenzisa imithetho efanayo kwi-ML/AI
Ezinye ii-charlatans ezizenza iingcali ze-ML/AI nazo kulula ukuzibona. Uyakubamba ngendlela enye onokuthi ubambe ngayo nayiphi na enye injineli embi: "izisombululo" abazama ukuzakha zihlala zisilela. Uphawu olulumkisayo kwangethuba kukunqongophala kwamava ngeelwimi ezisemgangathweni zenkqubo kunye namathala eencwadi.
Kodwa kuthekani ngabantu abenza iinkqubo ezibonakala zisebenza? Wazi njani ukuba kukho into ekrokrisayo eyenzekayo? Kusebenza umgaqo ofanayo! I-Charlatan ngumlingiswa okhohlakeleyo obonisa ukuba imodeli isebenza kakuhle kangakanani ... kwidatha efanayo ababeyisebenzisa ukudala imodeli.
Ukuba wakhe inkqubo yokufunda yomatshini entsonkothileyo, wazi njani ukuba ilunge kangakanani? Awuzukwazi de umbonise esebenza ngedatha entsha angazange ayibone ngaphambili.
Xa ubona idatha ngaphambi kokuxela kwangaphambili - akunakwenzeka ngaphambiliukuxela
Xa unedatha eyaneleyo yokwahlula, awudingi ukukhankanya ubuhle beefomula zakho ukuthethelela iprojekthi (umkhwa wefashoni yakudala endiyibona kuyo yonke indawo, hayi kwisayensi kuphela). Unokuthi: "Ndiyazi ukuba kuyasebenza kuba ndingathatha isethi yedatha endingazange ndiyibone ngaphambili kwaye ndiqikelele ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni apho ... kwaye ndiya kuba lungile. Kwakhona kwakhona".
Ukuvavanya imodeli / ithiyori yakho ngokuchasene nedatha entsha sesona siseko sokuzithemba.
Andibanyamezeli amaqola edatha. Andikhathali ukuba uluvo lwakho lusekelwe kumaqhinga ahlukeneyo. Andichukunyiswa bubuhle beengcaciso. Ndibonise ukuba ithiyori/imodeli yakho iyasebenza (kwaye iyaqhubeka nokusebenza) kwinqwaba yedatha entsha ongazange uyibone ngaphambili. Olu luvavanyo lwangempela lwamandla oluvo lwakho.
Ukuqhagamshelana neeNgcali zeNzululwazi yeDatha
Ukuba ufuna ukuthathwa nzulu nguye wonke umntu owuqondayo obu burharha, yeka ukuzifihla ngasemva kweeequations ezifancy ukuxhasa ucalucalulo lomntu. Ndibonise into onayo. Ukuba ufuna abo "bayifumanayo" bajonge ithiyori / imodeli yakho njengengaphezulu nje kombongo okhuthazayo, yiba nesibindi sokubeka umboniso omkhulu wendlela esebenza ngayo kwiseti entsha ngokupheleleyo yedatha ... phambi kwamangqina. !
Ukubhena kwiinkokeli
Kwala ukuthatha nzulu naziphi na "iingcamango" malunga nedatha de zibe zivavanyiwe entsha idatha. Awuziva ufuna ukwenza umgudu? Qhubeka nohlalutyo, kodwa ungathembeli kwezi ngcamango-azithembekanga kwaye azikavavanyelwa ukuthembeka. Ngaphezu koko, xa umbutho unedatha eninzi, akukho nto iphantsi yokwenza ulwahlulo lube yisiseko kwisayensi kunye nokugcina kwinqanaba leziseko zophuhliso ngokulawula ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha zovavanyo lwezibalo. Le yindlela entle yokuyeka abantu bazame ukukubhanxa!
Ukuba ufuna ukubona imizekelo eyongezelelekileyo yee-charlatans ukuya kokubi- .
Iziphumo
Xa kukho idatha encinci kakhulu yokwahlula, kuphela i-charlatan ezama ukulandela ngokungqongqo impembelelo ngokufumanisa iMelika ngokubuyela emva, ngokwemathematika ukufumanisa iziganeko esele zaziwa ukuba zikwidatha, kwaye ibiza ukothuka ngokwezibalo. Oku kuyabahlula kumhlalutyi onengqondo ephangaleleyo, osebenza ngokuphefumlelwa, kunye nengcali yamanani echubekileyo, enikela ubungqina xa ixela kwangaphambili.
Xa kukho idatha eninzi, ngena kumkhwa wokwahlula idatha ukuze ube neyona nto ibhetele yehlabathi! Qinisekisa ukuba wenza uhlalutyo kunye nezibalo ngokwahlukeneyo kwiseti esezantsi nganye yemfumba yedatha yoqobo.
- Abahlalutyi ukunika impembelelo kunye nengqondo evulekileyo.
- Amanani ukunika uvavanyo olungqongqo.
- Charlatans ukunika umbono ojijekileyo ozenza uhlalutyo kunye nezibalo.
Mhlawumbi, emva kokufunda eli nqaku, uya kuba nengcamango ethi "ingaba ndiyi-charlatan"? Oku kulungile. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokususa le ngcamango: okokuqala, jonga ngasemva, ubone into oyenzileyo, nokuba umsebenzi wakho ngedatha uzise inzuzo ebonakalayo. Kwaye okwesibini, usenako ukusebenzela iziqinisekiso zakho (ngokuqinisekileyo aziyi kuba ngaphezulu), ngakumbi kuba sinika abafundi bethu izakhono ezisebenzayo kunye nolwazi olubavumela ukuba babe zizazinzulu zedatha yokwenyani.
Izifundo ezingakumbi
Funda ngokugqithisileyo
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