Ithagethi yabaphulaphuli
Ngaba ungumphuhlisi ojonge ukujikelezisa umsebenzi wakho kwimodeli ephucukileyo yeDevOps? Ngaba uyinjineli ye-Ops yakudala kwaye ungathanda ukufumana umbono wokuba iDevOps ithetha ntoni? Okanye awukho kwaye, emva kokuchitha ixesha elithile usebenza kwi-IT, ufuna ukutshintsha imisebenzi kwaye ungazi ukuba ungaqala phi?
Ukuba ewe, qhubeka ufunde ukufumanisa ukuba ungenza njani ukuba yinjineli yeDevOps ephakathi kwiinyanga ezintandathu! Okokugqibela, ukuba ukhe wabandakanyeka kwi-DevOps iminyaka emininzi, usaza kufumana okuninzi kolu ngcelele lwenqaku ukuze ufunde ukuba udityaniso kunye nomzi mveliso we-automation ukhoyo ngoku kwaye ubhekisa phi.
Yintoni na le nto?
Okokuqala, yintoni iDevOps? Unako ukuchazwa kweGoogle kwaye uhambe kuyo yonke i-verbiage, kodwa yazi ukuba uninzi lweenkcazo ziyingxubevange yamagama asongelwe ngendlela elungelelanisiweyo. Ke ngoko, ndiya kukunika isishwankathelo sazo zonke ezi nkcazo: I-DevOps yindlela yokuhambisa isoftware apho intloko kunye noxanduva lwabelwana ngalo phakathi kwabo bonke ababandakanyekayo. Kuko konke.
Kulungile, kodwa sithetha ukuthini esi sishunqulelo? Kuthetha ukuba ngokwesiko, abaPhuhlisi (abantu abenza isoftware) baye bakhuthazwa ukuba benze umsebenzi wabo ngenkuthazo eyahluke kakhulu kwezo zeMisebenzi (abantu abalawula isoftware). Umzekelo, njengomphuhlisi, ndifuna ukwenza amanqaku amaninzi amatsha ngokukhawuleza. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, lo ngumsebenzi wam kwaye yile nto ifunwa ngabathengi! Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ndingumntu we-Ops, ngoko ndifuna izinto ezintsha ezimbalwa kangangoko, kuba yonke into entsha itshintshile, kwaye naluphi na utshintsho luzaliswe ziingxaki. Ngenxa yolu lungelelwaniso lwenkuthazo, i-DevOps yazalwa.
I-DevOps izama ukudibanisa uphuhliso kunye nokusebenza (ukudibanisa kunye nokuzenzekelayo) kwiqela elinye. Umbono kukuba elinye iqela ngoku liya kwabelana ngeentlungu kunye noxanduva (kunye nemivuzo enokwenzeka) yokwakha, ukuhambisa, kunye nokwenza ingeniso kwisoftware ejongene nomthengi.
Abahlambululi baya kukuxelela ukuba akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba yi "DevOps injineli." Baya kukuxelela "i-DevOps yinkcubeko, kungekhona indima." Ewe, ngokwembono yezobugcisa balungile, kodwa, njengokuba kunjalo, njengoko kunjalo. ngokuqhelekileyo imeko, eli gama liye laphuma esandleni Ngaphandle kwentsingiselo yalo yangaphambili, injineli ye-DevOps yinto efana "nenjineli yeenkqubo 2.0." Ngamanye amazwi, ungumntu oqondayo umjikelo wobomi bophuhliso lwesoftware kwaye enze izixhobo zophuhliso lwesoftware kunye neenkqubo. ukusombulula iingxaki zokusebenza zakudala.
I-DevOps ekugqibeleni ithetha ukudala imibhobho yedijithali ethatha ikhowudi kwi-laptop yomphuhlisi kwaye iyiguqule ibe yingeniso evela kusetyenziso lwemveliso yokugqibela, yile nto imalunga nayo. Qaphela ukuba ukukhetha umsebenzi we-DevOps kuhlawulelwa kakhulu ngamabhaso emali, phantse yonke inkampani "yenza i-DevOps" okanye ibango lokuba yenye. Nokuba ziphi na ezi nkampani, amathuba emisebenzi njengeDevOps aphezulu kakhulu kwaye anika "ulonwabo" kunye nomsebenzi onentsingiselo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.
Nangona kunjalo, qaphela iinkampani eziqeshe "iqela le-DevOps" okanye "isebe le-DevOps." Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, izinto ezinjalo akufanele zibe khona, kuba ekugqibeleni i-DevOps iseyinkcubeko kunye nendlela yokuhambisa isofthiwe, kungekhona abasebenzi beqela elitsha okanye ukudala isebe kunye. igama elimnandi.
Ukuzikhusela
Ngoku masibeke iglasi yeKool-Aid ecaleni okomzuzwana kwaye sicinge ngoku kulandelayo. Ngaba ukhe weva isaci sakudala esithi "akukho zinjineli zeDevOps ezincinci?" Ukuba akunjalo, yazi ke ukuba le yi-trope eyaziwayo kwi-Reddit kunye ne-StackOverflow. Kodwa lithetha ukuthini?
Ukubeka ngokulula, eli binzana lithetha ukuba kuthatha iminyaka emininzi yamava edityaniswe nokuqonda okuqinileyo kwezixhobo ukuze ekugqibeleni ube yingcali yeDevOps esebenza ngokwenene. Kwaye, ngelishwa, akukho ndlela imfutshane yokuphumeza injongo. Ke oku ayingomzamo womdlalo wenkqubo - andicingi ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza ngathi yinjineli ephezulu yeDevOps eneenyanga ezimbalwa zamava kushishino. Ukufumana ukuqonda okuqinileyo kwezixhobo eziguquka ngokukhawuleza kunye neendlela kufuna iminyaka yamava, kwaye akukho ndlela yokujikeleza. Nangona kunjalo, kukho phantse engaguquguqukiyo (esefashonini, ukuba uyathanda) imenyu yezixhobo kunye neengqikelelo ezisetyenziswa ziinkampani ezininzi, kwaye yile nto siza kube sithetha ngayo.
Kwakhona, izixhobo zahlukile kwizakhono, ngoko ngelixa ufunda izixhobo, qiniseka ukuba awuyikutyeshela izakhono zakho (ukuhlola, ukunxibelelana, unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo, ukulungisa iingxaki, njl.). Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, musa ukulibala into esifuna ukuyifumana - indlela yokwenza umbhobho wedijithali osebenza ngokupheleleyo othatha iingcamango kwaye uziguqule zibe ngamaqhekeza ekhowudi eyenza ingeniso. Esi sesona sigqibo sibalulekileyo sivela kweli nqaku lilonke!
Yanele incoko, ndingaqala nini?
Apha ngezantsi kukho imephu yendlela yeDevOps yoLwazi olusisiseko. Emva kokuba ufunde yonke into eboniswe apho, ungazibiza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokunyaniseka ukuba uyinjineli yeDevOps! Okanye injineli yelifu ukuba awulithandi igama elithi "DevOps".
Le mephu imele uluvo lwam (kwaye mhlawumbi uninzi lwabantu abasebenza kwesi sithuba) lwento ekufuneka iyazi injineli yeDevOps. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuphela uluvo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubakho abo bangavumelaniyo nayo. Oku kulungile! Asizabalazeli imfezeko apha, silwela isiseko esiluqilima esinokusakhela kuso.
Kuya kufuneka uhambe ngale ndlela ngokuthe chu, umaleko ngomqolo. Masiqale (kwaye siqhubeke!) ngeziseko zokuqala ngokufunda malunga nezinto eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-Linux, Python, kunye ne-AWS. Ke, ukuba ixesha okanye imfuno yemarike yomsebenzi ivumela, yenza izinto ezimfusa-iGolang kunye neLifu likaGoogle.
Ngokunyaniseka, umaleko ophezulu osisiseko yinto ekuya kufuneka uyifunde ngonaphakade. I-OS Linux inzima kakhulu kwaye ithatha iminyaka ukuyilawula. I-Python ifuna ukuziqhelanisa rhoqo ukuze ihlale ikhoyo. I-AWS ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba into oyaziyo namhlanje iya kuba yinxalenye yepotfoliyo yakho yolwazi lulonke kunyaka ukusukela ngoku. Nje ukuba ufunde izinto ezisisiseko, dlulela kwiseti yesakhono sangempela. Nceda uqaphele ukuba kukho iikholamu ezi-6 eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Ulungelelwaniso, uguqulelo, ukuPakisha, ukusasazwa, ukuQaliswa, ukuBeka iliso), enye ngenyanga yokufunda.
Wena, ngokuqinisekileyo, uqaphele ukungabikho kwesigaba esibalulekileyo kumbhobho wethu weenyanga ezintandathu - uvavanyo. Andizange ndiyifake ngamabomu kwimephu yendlela kuba ukubhala imodyuli, ukudibanisa kunye neemvavanyo zokwamkelwa akulula kwaye ngokwesiko kuwela kumahlombe abaphuhlisi. Kwaye ukutsiba inqanaba "lokuvavanya" kuchazwa yinyaniso yokuba injongo yale mephu yendlela kukuqonda izakhono ezisisiseko kunye nezixhobo ngokukhawuleza. Ukungabikho kwamava okuvavanya, ngokutsho kombhali, ngumqobo omncinci wokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kweDevOps.
Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba asifundanga lonke iqela lee-babble zobugcisa ezinganxulumananga apha, kodwa kunoko ukuqonda izixhobo ezidibanayo ukwenza ibali elicacileyo. Eli bali limalunga nokuphela kwenkqubo yokuzenzakalela-umgca wokudityaniswa kwedijithali ohambisa amasuntswana njengomgca wendibano. Awufuni ukufunda iqela lezixhobo kwaye uqhubeke uyeka! Izixhobo ze-DevOps zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza, kodwa iikhonsepthi zitshintsha kancinci rhoqo. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka uzame ukusebenzisa izixhobo njengeeproksi zokufundisa kwiikhonsepthi zenqanaba eliphezulu.
Kulungile, masimbe nzulu kancinci!
Ulwazi olusisiseko
Ngezantsi kwenqanaba eliphezulu elithi iSiseko, unokubona izakhono zonke iinjineli ze-DevOps kufuneka zizilawule. Ezi zakhono zokuphatha ngokuzithemba kwiintsika ezintathu zeshishini, ezizezi: inkqubo yokusebenza, ulwimi lweprogram kunye nelifu loluntu. Ezi zinto aziyonto onokuyifunda ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqhubeke. Ezi zakhono kufuneka zihlale ziphuculwa kwaye ziphathwe kakuhle ukuze ube phambili kwishishini kwaye uhambelana nemekobume yobuchwephesha ekufutshane nawe. Masidlule kuzo nganye nganye.
ILinux kulapho yonke into isebenza khona. Ngaba unokuba ligcisa elimangalisayo leDevOps ngelixa uhlala ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kweMicrosoft ecosystem? Ngokuqinisekileyo unako! Akukho mthetho uyalela ukuba usebenzise iLinux kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba ngaphandle kwento yokuba zonke izinto zeLinux zinokwenziwa kwiWindows, yenzeka apho kabuhlungu kakhulu kunye nokusebenza okuncinci. Okwangoku, kukhuselekile ukucinga ukuba ngaphandle kokwazi iLinux, akunakwenzeka ukuba ube yingcali yeDevOps yokwenyani, ke iLinux yinto ekufuneka uyifundile kwaye uyifunde.
Ngokunyaniseka, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza oku kukufaka ngokulula iLinux (Fedora okanye Ubuntu) ekhaya kwaye uyisebenzise kangangoko. Ewe, uya kwaphula izinto ezininzi, uya kubambelela kwiinkqubo zomsebenzi, kuya kufuneka ulungise yonke into, kodwa uya kufunda iLinux!
Ngendlela, ukwahluka kweRedHat kuxhaphake kakhulu eNyakatho Melika, ngoko kuyavakala ukuqala ngeFedora okanye iCentOS. Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba kufuneka uthenge i KDE okanye i Gnome edition, khetha i KDE. Yiloo nto uLinus Torvalds ayisebenzisayo ngokwakhe.
I-Python lolona lwimi lubalaseleyo lwasemva kwezi ntsuku. Kulula ukuqalisa kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. I-Python ixhaphake kakhulu kwinkalo yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokufunda koomatshini, ke ukuba ukhe wafuna ukuya kwenye indawo eshushu, uya kulungiswa ngokupheleleyo.
Iinkonzo zeWebhu yeAmazon: Kwakhona, akunakwenzeka ukuba ube yingcali ye-DevOps enamava ngaphandle kokuqonda okuqinileyo malunga nendlela elisebenza ngayo ilifu likawonke-wonke. Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi ngayo, jonga kwiiNkonzo zeWebhu zeAmazon. Ingumdlali ohamba phambili kule ntsimi yeenkonzo kwaye inikezela ngezona zityebi zezixhobo zokusebenza.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuqala ngeLifu likaGoogle okanye iAzure endaweni? Ewe unako! Kodwa ukukhumbula ingxaki yokugqibela yemali, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-AWS iyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo, ubuncinane kwi-2018, njengoko ikuvumela ukuba ubhalise i-akhawunti mahhala kwaye uqale ukuhlola amathuba eenkonzo zefu. Ukongeza, i-console ye-AWS ibonelela umsebenzisi ngemenyu elula necacileyo yokukhetha kuyo. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba awudingi ukwazi zonke iitekhnoloji zaseAmazon ukwenza oku.
Qala ngoku kulandelayo: VPC, EC2, IAM, S3, CloudWatch, ELB (Elastic Load Balancing phantsi kwesambulela seEC2) kunye neQela loKhuseleko. Ezi zinto zanele ukuba uqalise, kwaye ishishini ngalinye langoku, esekwe kwilifu lisebenzisa ezi zixhobo ngokukhutheleyo. Indawo yoqeqesho ye-AWS yindawo elungileyo yokuqalisa.
Ndincoma ukuba uchithe imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 yonke imihla ufunda kwaye uzilolonge ngolwimi lwePython, inkqubo yokusebenza yeLinux, kunye nenkonzo yelifu ye-AWS ukongeza kwezinye izinto oya kufuneka uzifunde. Ngokubanzi, ndiyakholelwa ukuba ukuchitha iyure ngosuku, amaxesha amahlanu ngeveki kwanele ukuqonda imboni ye-DevOps kwiinyanga ze-6 okanye ngaphantsi. Kukho amacandelo ama-6 ewonke, ngalinye lihambelana nenyanga yoqeqesho. Yiloo nto kuphela oyifunayo ukuze ufumane ulwazi olusisiseko.
Kumanqaku alandelayo, siya kujonga kwinqanaba elilandelayo lobunzima: indlela yokwenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukucwangciswa, ukuguqulwa, ukupakishwa, ukuthunyelwa, ukuqhuba kunye nokubeka iliso kwisoftware.
Iza kuqhubeka kungekudala...
Ezinye iintengiso π
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