Eli nqaku lelesithandathu kungcelele oluthi “Indlela Yokulawula Izixhobo Zakho Zothungelwano.” Imixholo yawo onke amanqaku kuthotho kunye namakhonkco anokufunyanwa .
Ekubeni ndandishiye imixholo emininzi ngasemva, ndagqiba ekubeni ndiqalise isahluko esitsha.
Ndizakubuyela kukhuseleko emva kwexesha. Apha ndifuna ukuxoxa ngendlela elula kodwa esebenzayo, endiqinisekileyo ngayo, ngendlela enye okanye enye, inokuba luncedo kwabaninzi. Eli libali elifutshane malunga nendlela i-automation inokutshintsha ngayo ubomi bobunjineli. Siza kuthetha malunga nokusebenzisa iitemplates. Ekugqibeleni kukho uluhlu lweeprojekthi zam apho unokubona ukuba yonke into echazwe apha isebenza njani.
I-DevOps yenethiwekhi
Ukudala ukucwangciswa ngeskripthi, usebenzisa i-GIT ukulawula utshintsho kwiziseko ze-IT, "ukulayisha" okukude - ezi ngcamango ziza kuqala xa ucinga malunga nokuphunyezwa kobugcisa bendlela ye-DevOps. Iingenelo zicacile. Kodwa, ngelishwa, kukwakho nezinto ezingeloncedo.
Xa ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-5 eyadlulayo, abaphuhlisi bethu beza kuthi, abanxibelelanisi, ngezi ziphakamiso, asizange sonwabe.
Ndimele nditsho ukuba sizuze inethiwekhi ye-motley, equka izixhobo ezivela kubathengisi abahlukeneyo abali-10. Bekulula ukuqwalasela ezinye izinto nge-cli yethu esiyithandayo, kodwa kwezinye sikhethe ukusebenzisa i-GUI. Ukongeza, umsebenzi omde kwisixhobo "sokuphila" usifundise ukulawula ixesha langempela. Umzekelo, xa usenza utshintsho, ndiziva ndikhululekile ngakumbi ukusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwi-cli. Ngale ndlela ndiyabona ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho into engalunganga kwaye ndibuyisele umva utshintsho. Konke oku kwakuchasene nezimvo zabo.
Eminye imibuzo iyavela, umzekelo, ujongano lunokutshintsha kancinci ukusuka kwinguqulelo ukuya kwinguqulelo yesoftware. Oku ekugqibeleni kuya kubangela ukuba iskripthi sakho senze okungalunganga "config". Andithandi ukusebenzisa imveliso "yokungena".
Okanye, njani ukuqonda ukuba imiyalelo yoqwalaselo isetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye wenze ntoni xa kukho impazamo?
Andifuni ukuthi yonke le miba ayinakusonjululwa. Ukuthi nje "A" mhlawumbi kunengqiqo ukuthi "B" naye, kwaye ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezifanayo zolawulo lotshintsho njengoko kuphuhliso, kufuneka ube ne-dev kunye neendawo zokubeka ukongeza kwimveliso. Emva koko le ndlela ibonakala iphelele. Kodwa iya kuba yimalini?
Kodwa kukho imeko enye xa izinto ezingeloncedo zibekwe ngaphandle, kwaye ziluncedo kuphela eziseleyo. Ndithetha ngomsebenzi woyilo.
Le projekthi
Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo ndithatha inxaxheba kwiprojekthi yokwakha isikhungo sedatha kumnikezeli omkhulu. Ndinoxanduva lwe-F5 kunye noPalo Alto kule projekthi. Ukusuka kwimbono kaCisco, le "izixhobo zeqela lesithathu".
Kum ngokobuqu, kukho izigaba ezibini ezahlukeneyo kule projekthi.
Inqanaba lokuqala
Kunyaka wokuqala ndandixakekile, ndandisebenza ubusuku nemini. Khange ndikwazi ukuphakamisa intloko. Uxinzelelo oluvela kubaphathi kunye nomthengi lwalunamandla kwaye luqhubeka. Kwinkqubo eqhubekayo, andizange ndikwazi nokuzama ukwandisa inkqubo. Kwakungekho kuphela kwaye kungekhona kakhulu ukucwangciswa kwezixhobo njengoko ukulungiswa kwamaxwebhu oyilo.
Uvavanyo lokuqala sele luqalisile, yaye ndingamangaliswa kukubona ukuba zininzi kangakanani na iimpazamo ezincinane nezingachanekanga ezenziweyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, yonke into yayisebenza, kodwa kwakukho unobumba olahlekileyo egameni, kwakukho umgca olahlekileyo kumyalelo ... Iimvavanyo zaqhubeka kwaye, kwaye ndandisele ndihlala kumzabalazo wemihla ngemihla kunye neempazamo, iimvavanyo kunye namaxwebhu. .
Oku kwaqhubeka kangangonyaka. Iprojekthi, njengoko ndiqondayo, yayingelula kumntu wonke, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe umxhasi waba nokwaneliseka ngakumbi, kwaye oku kwenza ukuba kube lula ukuqesha iinjineli ezongezelelweyo ezikwaziyo ukuthatha inxalenye yenkqubo ngokwabo.
Ngoku besikwazi ukukhangela macala onke.
Kwaye oku yaba kukuqala kwenqanaba lesibini.
Inqanaba lesibini
Ndagqiba ekubeni ndizenzele inkqubo.
Into endiyiqondileyo kunxibelelwano lwam nabaphuhlisi ngelo xesha (kwaye kufuneka sihlawule, sineqela eliqinileyo) kukuba ifomati yombhalo, nangona ekuqaleni ibonakala ngathi yinto evela kwihlabathi lenkqubo yokusebenza ye-DOS, inenombolo. yezinto ezixabisekileyo .
Ke, umzekelo, ifomathi yokubhaliweyo iya kuba luncedo ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo i-GIT kunye nazo zonke izinto eziphuma kuyo. Kwaye ndandifuna.
Ewe, kubonakala ngathi ungagcina nje uqwalaselo okanye uluhlu lwemiyalelo, kodwa ukwenza utshintsho akulunganga. Ukongezelela, kukho omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo ngexesha loyilo. Kufuneka ube namaxwebhu achaza uyilo lwakho ngokubanzi (uYilo lweNqanaba eliPhantsi) kunye nokuphunyezwa okuthe ngqo (iSicwangciso sokuPhunyezwa kweNethiwekhi). Kwaye kule meko, ukusetyenziswa kweetemplates kubonakala kuyindlela efanelekileyo kakhulu.
Ke, xa usebenzisa i-YAML kunye ne-Jinja2, ifayile ye-YAML eneeparamitha zoqwalaselo ezifana needilesi ze-IP, iinombolo ze-BGP AS, ... izalisekisa ngokugqibeleleyo indima ye-NIP, ngelixa iitemplates ze-Jinja2 ziquka i-syntax ehambelana noyilo, oko kukuthi, ngokubalulekileyo umfanekiso weLLD.
Kuthathe iintsuku ezimbini ukufunda i-YAML kunye neJinja2. Imizekelo embalwa emihle yanele ukuqonda indlela oku kusebenza ngayo. Emva koko kuthathe malunga neeveki ezimbini ukwenza zonke iitemplates ezihambelana noyilo lwethu: iveki yePalo Alto kunye nenye iveki yeF5. Konke oku kufakwe kwi-githab yenkampani.
Ngoku inkqubo yotshintsho ijongeka ngolu hlobo:
- itshintshe ifayile yeYAML
- yenza ifayile yoqwalaselo usebenzisa ithempleyithi (Jinja2)
- igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina ekude
- ulayishe uqwalaselo olwenziweyo kwisixhobo
- Ndibone impazamo
- itshintshe ifayile yeYAML okanye iJinja2 template
- yenza ifayile yoqwalaselo usebenzisa ithempleyithi (Jinja2)
- ...
Kucacile ukuba ekuqaleni ixesha elininzi lalichithwa kuhlelo, kodwa emva kweveki okanye ezimbini oku kwaba yinto enqabileyo.
Uvavanyo olulungileyo kunye nethuba lokulungisa yonke into yayingumnqweno womxhasi wokutshintsha indibano yamagama. Abo basebenze kunye neF5 bayaqonda i-piquancy yemeko. Kodwa kum yonke loo nto yayilula kakhulu. Nditshintshe amagama kwifayile ye-YAML, ndacima lonke ulungelelwaniso kwisixhobo, ndenza entsha kwaye ndayilayisha. Yonke into, kuquka nokulungiswa kwebug, kuthathe iintsuku ezi-4: iintsuku ezimbini kwitekhnoloji nganye. Emva koko, ndandilungele isigaba esilandelayo, oko kukuthi ukudalwa kwe-DEV kunye ne-Staging data centers.
I-Dev kunye ne-Staging
Iqonga liphindaphinda ngokupheleleyo imveliso. I-Dev yikopi ehlulwe kakhulu eyakhiwe ikakhulu kwi-hardware yenyani. Imeko efanelekileyo yendlela entsha. Ukuba ndilibeka bucala ixesha endilichithileyo kwinkqubo iyonke, ngoko ndicinga ukuba umsebenzi awuthathi ngaphezu kweeveki ezi-2. Ixesha eliphambili lilinde elinye icala kunye nokukhangela iingxaki kunye. Ukuphunyezwa kweqela le-3 kwaphantse kwangabonwa ngabanye. Kwakukho nexesha lokufunda into kwaye ubhale amanqaku ambalwa ngoHabré :)
Makhe shwa nkathele
Ke, yintoni endinayo kumgca ongezantsi?
- Ekufuneka ndikwenze ukutshintsha ubumbeko kukutshintsha ifayile ye-YAML elula, eyakhiwe ngokucacileyo eneparameters zoqwalaselo. Andizange nditshintshe iskripthi sepython kwaye kunqabile kakhulu (kuphela ukuba kukho impazamo) nditshintsha iJinja2 heatlate
- Ngokwembono yoxwebhu, le yimeko ephantse ibeyiyo efanelekileyo. Utshintsha amaxwebhu (iifayile ze-YAML zisebenza njenge-NIP) kwaye ulayishe olu lungelelwaniso kwisixhobo. Ngale ndlela amaxwebhu akho ahlala ehlaziyiwe
Konke oku kwakhokelela ekubeni
- izinga lemposiso lehle laya kutsho ku-0
- I-90 pesenti yesiqhelo ayisekho
- isantya sophumezo sinyuke kakhulu
HATA, F5Y, ACY
Ndathi imizekelo embalwa yanele ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo.
Nalu uguqulelo olufutshane (kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo lulungisiwe) lwento eyadalwa ngexesha lomsebenzi wam.
= ukusasazwa Phello Aukusuka Yaml = Palo Alto evela Yaml
= ukusasazwa F5 ku Yaml = F5 ku Yaml (iyeza kungekudala)
= ukusasazwa ACndisuka Yaml = F5 ku Yaml
Ndiza kongeza amagama ambalwa malunga ne-ACY (ukuba ingadideki kunye ne-ACI).
Abo basebenze kunye ne-ACI bayazi ukuba lo mmangaliso (kwaye nangendlela efanelekileyo kakhulu) awuzange udalwe ngabanxibelelwano :). Ulibale yonke into obuyazi malunga nenethiwekhi - ayisayi kuba luncedo kuwe!
Ibaxa kancinci, kodwa idlulisela imvakalelo endihlala ndiba nayo, kule minyaka mi-3 idlulileyo, ndisebenza ne-ACI.
Kwaye kule meko, i-ACY ayilona kuphela ithuba lokwakha inkqubo yokulawula utshintsho (ebaluleke kakhulu kwimeko ye-ACI, kuba ifanele ukuba ibe yindawo ephambili kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo kwiziko lakho ledatha), kodwa ikunika kwakhona. ujongano olusebenzisekayo lokwenza uqwalaselo.
Iinjineli kule projekthi zisebenzisa i-Excel ukulungisa i-ACI endaweni ye-YAML ngeenjongo ezifanayo kanye. Kukho, ngokuqinisekileyo, iingenelo zokusebenzisa i-Excel:
- I-NIP yakho kwifayile enye
- iimpawu ezintle ezithandekayo kumthengi ukujonga
- ungasebenzisa ezinye izixhobo zokugqwesa
Kodwa kukho ukuthabatha enye, kwaye ngokombono wam igqithise izinto ezilungileyo. Ukulawula utshintsho kunye nokulungelelanisa umsebenzi weqela kuba nzima kakhulu.
I-ACY ngokwenene sisicelo seendlela ezifanayo endizisebenzise kwiqela le-3rd ukuqwalasela i-ACI.
umthombo: www.habr.com