Enye into: Haiku app bundles?

TL; DR: Ngaba iHaiku ingafumana inkxaso eyiyo yeepakethe zesicelo, ezinje ngezalathisi zesicelo (njenge .app kwiMac) kunye/okanye imifanekiso yesicelo (Linux AppImage)? Ndicinga ukuba oku kuya kuba lulongezelelo olufanelekileyo ekulula ukuluphumeza ngokuchanekileyo kunezinye iinkqubo kuba uninzi lweziseko zophuhliso sele lukhona.

Kwiveki ephelileyo Ndafumanisa iHaiku, inkqubo elungileyo ngokungalindelekanga. Ewe, ekubeni kudala ndinomdla kubalawuli kunye nemifanekiso yesicelo (ephefumlelwe ngokulula kweMacintosh), akumangalisi ukuba ingcamango yafika engqondweni yam ...

Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo, ndingumdali kunye nombhali we-AppImage, ifomathi yokuhanjiswa kwesicelo seLinux ejolise kukulula kweMac kwaye inika ulawulo olupheleleyo kubabhali bezicelo nakubasebenzisi bokugqibela (ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi, bona wiki и uxwebhu).

Kuthekani ukuba senza i-AppImage ye-Haiku?

Makhe sicinge kancinci, ngokuthe ngqo: yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuze ufumane AppImage, okanye into efanayo, kwi Haiku? Akuyomfuneko ukwenza into ngoku, kuba inkqubo esele ikhona eHaiku isebenza ngokumangalisayo, kodwa umfuniselo wentelekelelo uya kuba mnandi. Ikwabonisa ubuchwephesha be-Haiku, xa kuthelekiswa neendawo ze-desktop ze-Linux, apho izinto ezinjalo zinzima kakhulu (ndinelungelo lokutsho njalo: Ndibe ndizama ukulungisa ingxaki iminyaka eyi-10).

Kwi-Macintosh System 1, isicelo ngasinye sasiyifayile eyahlukileyo "elawulwayo" kwi-Finder. Ukusebenzisa i-AppImage ndizama ukwenza kwakhona amava omsebenzisi afanayo kwi-Linux.

Okokuqala, yintoni i-AppImage? Le yinkqubo yokukhupha izicelo zomntu wesithathu (umzekelo, UCura wokugqibela), ukuvumela izicelo ukuba zikhutshwe xa kwaye zifuna njani: akukho mfuneko yokwazi iinkcukacha zonikezelo olwahlukeneyo, imigaqo-nkqubo yokwakha okanye ukwakha izakhiwo, akukho nkxaso yomlondolozi ifunekayo, kwaye abaxeleli abasebenzisi ukuba yintoni (hayi) banokuyifaka. kwiikhompyuter zabo. I-AppImage kufuneka iqondwe njengento efana nephakheji ye-Mac kwifomathi .app ngaphakathi kumfanekiso wedisk .dmg. Umahluko omkhulu kukuba izicelo azikhutshelwa, kodwa hlala ngaphakathi kwe-AppImage ngonaphakade, ngokufanayo neepakethe ze-Haiku. .hpkg inyusiwe, kwaye ayizange ifakwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10 yobukho, i-AppImage ifumene isibheno kunye nokuthandwa: uLinus Torvalds ngokwakhe wayivuma esidlangalaleni, kunye neeprojekthi eziqhelekileyo (umzekelo, iLibreOffice, iKrita, i-Inkscape, iScribus, i-ImageMagick) iyamkele njengeyona ndlela iphambili. ukusasaza ulwakhiwo oluqhubekayo okanye lwasebusuku, olungaphazamisi usetyenziso olufakiweyo okanye olungafakwanga lwabasebenzisi. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko-bume ze-desktop ze-Linux kunye nonikezelo rhoqo lusabambelele kwimodeli yosasazo yemveli, esembindini kunye/okanye ukukhuthaza ishishini labo loshishino kunye/okanye iinkqubo zobunjineli ezisekwe Flatpak (RedHat, Fedora, GNOME) kunye Snappy (Canonical, Ubuntu). Iyeza ngokuhlekisayo.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

• I-AppImage nganye iqulethe iinxalenye ze-2: i-ELF encinci yokucofa kabini (ebizwa ngokuba. runtime.c), ilandelwa ngumfanekiso wesixokelelwano sefayile SquashFS.

• Inkqubo yefayile ye-SquashFS iqulethe ukuhlawula kwesicelo kunye nayo yonke into efunekayo ukuyiqhuba, leyo ngengqondo efanelekileyo ayinakuqwalaselwa njengenxalenye yofakelo olungagqibekanga kuyo yonke inkqubo ekujoliswe kuyo yamva nje (ukuhanjiswa kweLinux). Ikwanemetadata, efana negama lesicelo, ii-iyikhoni, iindidi ze-MIME, njl. njl.

• Xa iqhutywa ngumsebenzisi, ixesha lokuqhuba lisebenzisa iFUSE kunye nesquashfuse ukunyusa inkqubo yefayile, kwaye emva koko ibambe indawo yokungena (aka AppRun) ngaphakathi kweAppImage enyusiweyo.
  Isixokelelwano sefayile sithotywa emva kokuba inkqubo igqityiwe.

Yonke into ibonakala ilula.

Kwaye ezi zinto zidibanisa yonke into:

• Ngoluhlu olunje losasazo lweLinux, akukho nto "engqondweni elungileyo" inokubizwa ngokuba "yinxalenye yofakelo olungagqibekanga kuyo yonke inkqubo entsha ekujoliswe kuyo." Sisebenza malunga nalo mba ngokwakha uluhlu lokukhuphela ngaphandle, ikuvumela ukuba unqume oko kuya kufakwa kwi-AppImage kwaye yintoni eya kufuneka ithathwe kwenye indawo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ngamanye amaxesha siyaphuthelwa, nangona, ngokubanzi, yonke into isebenza kakuhle. Ngesi sizathu, sincoma ukuba abaqulunqi bephakheji bavavanye i-AppImages kuzo zonke iinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo (usasazo).
• Umthwalo ohlawulwayo wesicelo kufuneka ufuduswe kwenye inkqubo yeefayili. Ngelishwa, uninzi lwezicelo lunendlela enzima enekhowudi yokuya, umzekelo, izixhobo kwi /usr/share. Oku kufuneka kulungiswe ngandlela ithile. Ukongeza, kufuneka nokuba uthumele ngaphandle LD_LIBRARY_PATH, okanye lungisa rpath ukuze umlayishi afumane amathala eencwadi anxulumeneyo. Indlela yokuqala inezithintelo zayo (ezoyiswa ngeendlela eziyinkimbinkimbi), kwaye okwesibini kulula.
• Owona mgibe mkhulu we-UX kubasebenzisi kukuba seta bit ephunyeziweyo Ifayile ye-AppImage emva kokukhuphela. Ukholelwe okanye ungakholelwa, lo ngumqobo wokwenene kwabanye. Isidingo sokuseta isuntswana lofezekiso sinzima nakubasebenzisi abanamava. Njengomsebenzi wokusebenza, sicebise ukufakela inkonzo encinci ebeka iliso kwiifayile ze-AppImage kwaye isete ukwenzeka kwazo. Ngendlela ecocekileyo, akusona isisombululo esilungileyo, kuba ayiyi kusebenza ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Unikezelo lweLinux aluboneleli ngale nkonzo, ke ngoko, abasebenzisi banamava amabi ngaphandle kwebhokisi.
• Abasebenzisi beLinux balindele ukuba isicelo esitsha sibe nomfanekiso kwimenyu yokuqalisa. Awukwazi ukuxelela inkqubo: "Jonga, kukho isicelo esitsha, masisebenze." Endaweni yoko, ngokweenkcukacha ze-XDG, kufuneka ukope ifayile .desktop kwindawo elungileyo /usr kufakelo olubanzi lwesixokelelwano, okanye ngaphakathi $HOME kumntu ngamnye. Ii-icon zobukhulu obuthile, ngokweenkcukacha ze-XDG, kufuneka zibekwe kwiindawo ezithile usr okanye $HOME, kwaye emva koko uqhube imiyalelo kwindawo yokusebenza ukuze uhlaziye i-cache ye-icon, okanye unethemba lokuba umphathi wendawo yokusebenza uyakuyibala kwaye abone yonke into ngokuzenzekelayo. Kuyafana neentlobo ze-MIME. Njengomsebenzi, kucetywayo ukusebenzisa inkonzo efanayo, leyo, ngaphezu kokuseta iflegi yokuphunyezwa, iya kuthi, ukuba kukho ii-icon, njl. kwi-AppImage, zikopishe ukusuka kwi-AppImage ukuya kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo ngokweXDG. Xa icinyiwe okanye isusiwe, inkonzo kulindeleke ukuba isuse yonke into. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho ukungafani kwindlela yokuziphatha yendawo nganye yokusebenza, kwiifomathi zefayile zegraphic, ubukhulu bazo, iindawo zokugcina kunye neendlela zokuhlaziya ii-cache, ezidala ingxaki. Ngamafutshane, le ndlela yindlela yokubambelela.
• Ukuba oku ngasentla akonelanga, akukabikho icon ye-AppImage kumphathi wefayile. Ihlabathi leLinux alikagqibi sigqibo sokuphumeza i-elficon (nangona ingxoxo и ukuphunyezwa), ngoko akunakwenzeka ukulungisela i icon ngqo kwisicelo. Ke kuye kwavela ukuba izicelo kumphathi wefayile azinazo ii-icon zazo (akukho mahluko, i-AppImage okanye enye into), zikwimenyu yokuqala kuphela. Njengendlela yokusebenza, sisebenzisa i-thumbnails, indlela eyayilwa ekuqaleni ukuvumela abaphathi bedesktop babonise imifanekiso yemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeefayile zegraphic njengee-icon zabo. Ngenxa yoko, inkonzo yokuseta isuntswana lofezekiso ikwasebenza njenge "miniaturizer", idala kwaye ibhale i-icon thumbnails kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. /usr и $HOME. Le nkonzo iphinda yenza ukucoca ukuba i-AppImage icinyiwe okanye isusiwe. Ngenxa yokuba umphathi ngamnye wedesktop uziphatha ngokwahlukileyo kancinci, umzekelo, ukuba zeziphi iifomati ezamkelayo ii-icon, kobuphi ubungakanani okanye iindawo, oku kubuhlungu ngokwenene.
• Isicelo siyantlitheka kuphumezo ukuba iimpazamo ziyenzeka (umzekelo, kukho ilayibrari engeyonxalenye yenkqubo yesiseko kwaye ayibonelelwanga kwi-AppImage), kwaye akukho mntu uxelela umsebenzisi kwi-GUI ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye. Saqala ukujikeleza oku ngokusebenzisa izaziso kwi-desktop, okuthetha ukuba kufuneka sibambe iimpazamo kwilayini yomyalelo, siziguqule zibe yimiyalezo eqondwa ngumsebenzisi, ekufuneka iboniswe kwidesktop. Kwaye kunjalo, imeko-bume nganye yedesktop ibaphatha ngokwahlukileyo kancinci.
• Okwangoku (ngoSeptemba 2019 - inqaku lomguquleli) andikafumani indlela elula yokuxelela inkqubo ukuba ifayile 1.png kufuneka ivulwe kusetyenziswa iKrita, kwaye 2.png -usebenzisa i-GIMP.

Indawo yogcino kwiinkcukacha ze-cross-desktop ezisetyenziswa kuyo GNOME, KDE и Xfce yi freedesktop.org

Ukufezekisa inqanaba lobuchwephesha olulukwe ngokunzulu kwindawo yokusebenza yaseHaiku kunzima, ukuba akunakwenzeka, ngenxa yeenkcukacha. XDG evela freedesktop.org ye-cross-desktop, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwabaphathi bedesktop ngokusekelwe kwezi nkcukacha. Njengomzekelo, sinokucaphula i-icon yeFirefox enye yenkqubo ebanzi: ngokucacileyo, ababhali be-XDG khange bacinge nokuba umsebenzisi unokuba neenguqulelo ezininzi zesicelo esinye esifakiweyo.

Iimpawu zeenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zeFirefox

Bendizibuza ukuba umhlaba weLinux unokufunda ntoni na kwiMac OS X ukunqanda ukudibanisa inkqubo. Ukuba unexesha kwaye ukule nto, qiniseka ukuba ufunda oko uArnaud Gurdol, enye yeenjineli zokuqala zeMac OS X, wathi:

Besifuna ukwenza ukuhlohla usetyenziso kube lula njengokutsala i icon yesicelo kwenye indawo (iseva, idrayivu yangaphandle) kwikhompyuter yakho. Ukwenza oku, iphakheji yesicelo igcina yonke ingcaciso, kubandakanywa iimpawu, inguqu, uhlobo lwefayile olucutshungulwayo, uhlobo lwezicwangciso ze-URL ekufuneka inkqubo iyazi ukuqhubekisa isicelo. Oku kuquka ulwazi 'logcino oluphakathi' kwiiNkonzo zoMfanekiso kunye neeNkonzo zokuQaliswa kwedatha. Ukuxhasa ukusebenza, izicelo 'zifunyaniswe' kwiindawo ezininzi 'ezaziwayo': inkqubo kunye noovimba beefayili zeZicelo zomsebenzisi, kunye nezinye ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba umsebenzisi ukhangela kuMfumani kulawulo oluqulathe isicelo. Ngokusebenza oku kusebenze kakuhle kakhulu.

https://youtu.be/qQsnqWJ8D2c
I-Apple WWDC 2000 iseshoni 144 - Mac OS X: izicelo zokupakisha kunye namaxwebhu okushicilela.

Akukho nto ifana nesi siseko kwiidesktops zeLinux, ke sijonge iindlela zokusebenza ezijikeleze imida yolwakhiwo kwiprojekthi ye-AppImage.

Ngaba uHaiku uza kuhlangula?

Kwaye enye into: Iiplatifti zeLinux njengesiseko seemeko zedesktop zikholisa ukungacaciswa kangangokude izinto ezininzi ezilula kakhulu kwinkqubo yesitaki esigcweleyo engaguqukiyo ziyaqhekeka kwaye zintsonkothile kwiLinux. Ndinikele ingxelo yonke kwimiba enxulumene neqonga leLinux yeemeko zedesktop (abaphuhlisi abanolwazi baqinisekisile ukuba yonke into iya kuhlala ngolu hlobo ixesha elide).

Ingxelo yam kwiingxaki ze-Linux desktop environments ngo-2018

Nditsho noLinus Torvalds wavuma ukuba ukuqhekeka kungenxa yokuba umbono wendawo yokusebenza usilele.

Ndiyavuya ukubona uHaiku!

I-Haiku yenza yonke into ibe lula ngokumangalisayo

Ngelixa indlela engenangqondo "yokuhambisa" i-AppImage eya kwi-Haiku kukuzama nje ukwakha (ingakumbi i-runtime.c kunye nenkonzo) iinxalenye zayo (ezinokuba nokwenzeka!), oku akuyi kubonelela ngenzuzo ingako kwi-Haiku. Kuba eneneni, uninzi lwezi ngxaki zisonjululwa eHaiku kwaye zivakala kakuhle. I-Haiku ibonelela ngokuchanekileyo iibhloko zokwakha zesiseko esele ndijonge kwindawo ye-desktop ye-Linux ixesha elide kwaye andikholelwa ukuba azikho. Oko kukuthi:

Ndikholelwe okanye hayi, le yinto abasebenzisi abaninzi beLinux abanakoyisa. KwiHaiku yonke into yenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo!

• Iifayile zeELF ezingenayo isuntswana lophumezo zifumana enye ngokuzenzekelayo xa ucofa kabini kumphathi wefayile.
• Usetyenziso lunokuba nemithombo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, njengee-icon, eziboniswa kumphathi wefayile. Akukho mfuneko yokukopa inqwaba yemifanekiso kwizikhokelo ezikhethekileyo ezinee-icon, kwaye ke akukho mfuneko yokuyicoca emva kokucima okanye ukuhambisa isicelo.
• Kukho i-database yokudibanisa izicelo kunye namaxwebhu, akukho mfuneko yokukopa nayiphi na iifayile kule nto.
• Kwi lib/ ulawulo ecaleni kwefayile ephunyeziweyo, amathala akhangelwa ngokungagqibekanga.
• Akukho zinikezelo ezininzi kunye neemeko zedesktop; nantoni na esebenzayo, isebenza kuyo yonke indawo.
• Akukho mnqongo wahlukileyo wokuqhutywa owahlukileyo kulawulo lweZicelo.
• Izicelo azinazo iindlela ezakhelwe-ngaphakathi kwizibonelelo zazo; zinemisebenzi ekhethekileyo yokumisela indawo ngexesha lokusebenza.
• Umbono wemifanekiso yefayile ecinezelweyo yazisiwe: le yiyo nayiphi na iphakheji ye-hpkg. Zonke zixhonywe ngekernel.
• Ifayile nganye ivulwa sisicelo esiyenzileyo, ngaphandle kokuba ucacise ngenye indlela. Hayi indlela epholile ngayo le!

Iifayile ezimbini zepng. Qaphela ii-icon ezahlukeneyo ezibonisa ukuba ziya kuvulwa ngezicelo ezahlukeneyo xa ucofa kabini. Kwakhona qaphela i "Vula nge:" imenyu eyehlayo apho umsebenzisi anokukhetha isicelo somntu ngamnye. Hayi indlela elula ngayo!

Kubonakala ngathi uninzi lweentonga kunye neendlela zokusebenza ezifunwa yi-AppImage kwiLinux ziba yimfuneko kwi-Haiku, enobulula kunye nobugocigoci kumbindi wayo oyenza iphathe uninzi lweemfuno zethu.

Ngaba i-Haiku idinga iipakethi ze-app emva kwayo yonke into?

Oku kukhokelela kumbuzo omkhulu. Ukuba ibingumyalelo wobukhulu obulula ukwenza inkqubo efana ne-AppImage kwi-Haiku kune-Linux, ngaba bekuya kufaneleka ukuyenza? Okanye ngaba i-Haiku, kunye nenkqubo yephakheji ye-hpkg, ikhuphe ngokufanelekileyo isidingo sokuphuhlisa ingcamango enjalo? Ewe, ukuphendula kufuneka sijonge inkuthazo emva kobukho be-AppImages.

Imbono yomsebenzisi

Makhe sijonge umsebenzisi wethu wokugqibela:

• Ndifuna ukufaka isicelo ngaphandle kokucela igama eligqithisiweyo (ingcambu) yomlawuli. Akukho ngcamango yomlawuli kwi-Haiku, umsebenzisi unolawulo olupheleleyo njengoko kuyinkqubo yomntu! (Ngokomgaqo, unokucinga oku kwimowudi yabadlali abaninzi, ndiyathemba ukuba abaphuhlisi bakugcina kulula)
• Ndifuna ukufumana iinguqulelo zamva nje kunye nezona zinkulu zezicelo, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba zivele kunikezelo lwam (kaninzi oku kuthetha ukuba "awuzange", ubuncinci ngaphandle kokuba ndihlaziye yonke inkqubo yokusebenza). KwiHaiku oku "kusonjululwe" ngokhupho oludadayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba ufumane uguqulelo lwamva nje nolukhulu lwezicelo, kodwa ukuze wenze oku kufuneka uhlaziywe rhoqo inkqubo eseleyo, uyijike ngokufanelekileyo ibe “yinjongo eshukumayo”.
• Ndifuna iinguqulelo ezininzi zesicelo esinye ecaleni, kuba akukho ndlela yokwazi ukuba yintoni eyaphukileyo kwinguqulelo yamva nje, okanye, ndithi, mna, njengomphuhlisi wewebhu, kufuneka ndivavanye umsebenzi wam phantsi kweenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zesikhangeli. Haiku usombulula ingxaki yokuqala, kodwa hayi eyesibini. Uhlaziyo luqengqeleka emva, kodwa luphela kwinkqubo yonke; akunakwenzeka (ngokokwazi kwam) ukuqhuba, umzekelo, iinguqulelo ezininzi zeWebPositive okanye iLibreOffice ngaxeshanye.

Omnye wabaphuhlisi uyabhala:

Ngokusisiseko ingqiqo yile: imeko yokusetyenziswa inqabile kangangokuba ukusebenzela kuyo akunangqiqo; ukuyiphatha njengemeko ekhethekileyo kwi-HaikuPorts ibonakala ingaphezulu kunokwamkeleka.

• Kufuneka ndigcine ii -apps apho ndizithanda khona, hayi kwi drive yam yokuqalisa. Ndihlala ndiphelelwa sithuba sedisk, ke kufuneka ndiqhagamshele idrayivu yangaphandle okanye ulawulo lomsebenzi womnatha ukugcina izicelo (zonke iinguqulelo endizikhuphileyo). Ukuba ndiqhagamshela idrayivu enjalo, ndifuna usetyenziso oluza kusungulwa ngokucofa kabini. I-Haiku igcina iinguqulelo ezindala zeepakethe, kodwa andazi ukuba zisiwa njani kwi-drive yangaphandle, okanye indlela yokuqalisa izicelo ukusuka apho kamva.

Izimvo zomphuhlisi:

Ngobuchwephesha, oku sele kusenzeka ngomyalelo wokunyuka. Ngokuqinisekileyo, siya kwenza i-GUI kule nto ngokukhawuleza ukuba sinabasebenzisi abanomdla ngokwaneleyo.

• Andidingi izigidi zeefayile ezithe saa kwinkqubo yefayile endingakwaziyo ukuzilawula ngokwam. Ndifuna ifayile enye kwisicelo ngasinye endinokuyikhuphela ngokulula, ndiyihambise, ndiyicime. KwiHaiku le ngxaki isonjululwe kusetyenziswa iipakethe .hpkg, edlulisela, umzekelo, ipython, ukusuka kumawaka eefayile ukuya kwenye. Kodwa ukuba kukho, umzekelo, uScribus usebenzisa ipython, ngoko kufuneka ndijongane neefayile ezimbini ubuncinane. Kwaye kufuneka ndinyamekele ukugcina iinguqulelo zazo ezisebenza kunye.

Iinguqulelo ezininzi ze-AppImages ezisebenza ecaleni kweLinux enye

Imbono yomphuhlisi wesicelo

Makhe sijonge kwimbono yomphuhlisi wesicelo:

• Ndifuna ukulawula onke amava omsebenzisi. Andifuni kuxhomekeka kwisixokelelwano esisebenzayo ukundixelela ukuba ndingazikhulula nini kwaye njani izicelo. I-Haiku ivumela abaphuhlisi ukuba basebenze kunye neendawo zabo zokugcina i-hpkg, kodwa oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi kuya kufuneka bazimise ngesandla, okwenza ukuba ingcamango "ingabi mnandi."
• Ndinephepha lokukhuphela kwiwebhusayithi yam apho ndisasaza khona .exe yeWindows, .dmg yeMac kunye .AppImage ye Linux. Okanye mhlawumbi ndifuna ukwenza imali ukufikelela kweli phepha, nantoni na enokwenzeka? Ndibeke ntoni apho kuHaiku? Ifayile yanele .hpkg ngokuxhomekeka kuphela kwi-HaikuPorts
• Isoftware yam ifuna iinguqulelo ezithile zezinye isoftwe. Umzekelo, iyaziwa ukuba i-Krita ifuna inguqulelo ekhutshiweyo ye-Qt, okanye i-Qt elungelelaniswe kakuhle kuguqulelo oluthile lwe-Krita, ubuncinci de iipatches zityhalelwe emva kwi-Qt. Uyakwazi ukupakisha eyakho iQt yesicelo sakho kwiphakheji .hpkg, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba oku akwamkelekanga.

Iphepha eliqhelekileyo lokukhuphela isicelo. Ndithumele ntoni apha kuHaiku?

Ngaba iinyanda (ezikhoyo njengezalathisi zesicelo njengeAppDir okanye .app kwisitayile se-Apple) kunye/okanye imifanekiso (ngendlela yee-AppImages eziguqulwe kakhulu okanye .dmg ukusuka Apple) izicelo ukongeza luncedo kwindawo yedesktop ye Haiku? Okanye ngaba iya kunciphisa wonke umfanekiso kwaye ikhokelele ekuqhekekeni, kwaye ke ngoko yongeze ubunzima? Ndikrazukile: kwelinye icala, ubuhle kunye nobugocigoci beHaiku busekelwe kwinto yokuba ngokuqhelekileyo kukho indlela enye yokwenza into, kunokuba zininzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ininzi yezibonelelo zeekhathalogu kunye / okanye i-suites yesicelo sele ikhona, ngoko ke inkqubo ikhala ukuba iipesenti ezimbalwa eziseleyo zifike kwindawo.

Ngokomphuhlisi Mr. waddlesplash

KwiLinux bona (iikhathalogu kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza, - malunga. umguquleli) zisenokuba sisisombululo sobugcisa kwiingxaki zenkqubo. EHaiku sikhetha ukusombulula iingxaki zesistim.

Ingaba ucinga ntoni?

Phambi kokuba uphendule...

Yima, masenze ujongo olukhawulezileyo lokwenyani: enyanisweni abalawuli besicelo - sele iyinxalenye yeHaiku:

Abalawuli besicelo sele bekho kwi-Haiku, kodwa abakaxhaswa kumphathi wefayile

Abaxhaswanga nje kakuhle, yithi, i-Macintosh Finder. Bekuya kuba mnandi kangakanani ukuba isilawuli se-QtCreator sinegama elithi "QtCreator" kunye ne-icon kwikona ephezulu ngasekhohlo, isungula isicelo xa ucofa kabini?

Ngaphambili nje kancinci wabuza:

Ngaba uqinisekile ukuba ungaqhuba usetyenziso lwakho lweshumi leminyaka ubudala namhlanje xa zonke iivenkile zosetyenziso kunye nokuhanjiswa kweendawo zokugcina ulibale ngazo kunye nokuxhomekeka kwazo? Ngaba uqinisekile ukuba uya kukwazi ukufikelela kumsebenzi wakho wangoku kwixesha elizayo?

Ngaba sele ikhona impendulo evela kwi-Haiku, okanye ingaba iikhathalogu kunye ne-application bundles zinganceda apha? Ndicinga ukuba banako.

NgokukaMnu. waddlesplash:

Ewe, sinempendulo yombuzo: siya kuzixhasa ngokulula ezi zicelo ixesha elide njengoko kuyimfuneko de umntu akwazi ukufunda iifomathi zabo zefayile ngendlela eyiyo okanye abonelele ngomsebenzi omnye komnye. Ukuzinikela kwethu ekuxhaseni ii-apps ze-BeOS R5 kwi-Haiku bubungqina boku...

Oko kuqinisekile!

Leliphi inyathelo ekufuneka uHaiku alithathe?

Ndiyakwazi ukucinga ukuhlalisana ngoxolo kwe-hpkg, abalawuli kunye nemifanekiso yesicelo:

• Inkqubo yesoftware isebenzisa .hpkg
• Kwisoftware esetyenziswa rhoqo (ingakumbi ezo zifuna ukucwangcisa ukukhutshwa kokukhutshwa), sebenzisa .hpkg (malunga ne-80% yazo zonke iimeko)
• Ezinye zifakwe nge .hpkg, izicelo ziyakuxhamla ngokufudukela kwisiseko solawulo lwesicelo (umz. QtCreator): ziya kusasazwa njenge .hpkg, njengangaphambili.

Mr. waddlesplash ubhala athi:

Ukuba konke okufunayo kukujonga usetyenziso /system/apps, endaweni yoko kufuneka senze abalawuli kwiDeskbar balawuleke ngakumbi kubasebenzisi, ukusukela /system/apps ayenzelwanga ukuba ivulwe rhoqo kwaye ijongwe ngabasebenzisi (ngokungafaniyo neMacOS). Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-Haiku ine-paradigm eyahlukileyo, kodwa olu khetho, ngokweengcamango, luyamkeleka.

• I-Haiku ifumana i-infrastructure yokuqhuba imifanekiso yesicelo, ubusuku, ngokuqhubekayo kunye novavanyo lokwakha isofthiwe, kunye namatyala xa umsebenzisi efuna "ukuyiqhwala ngexesha", kwi-software yangasese kunye yangaphakathi, kunye nezinye iimeko zokusetyenziswa ezikhethekileyo (malunga ne-20% yabo bonke). Le mifanekiso iqulathe iifayile eziyimfuneko ukuqhuba usetyenziso .hpkg, inyuswe yinkqubo, kwaye emva kokuba isicelo sigqityiwe - singafakwanga. (Mhlawumbi umphathi wefayile unokubeka iifayile .hpkg kwimifanekiso yesicelo, ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ngesicelo somsebenzisi - kuhle, njengaxa utsala isicelo kulawulo lomsebenzi womnatha okanye idrayivu yangaphandle. Yingoma nje! Okanye kunoko, umbongo - haiku.) Kwelinye icala, umsebenzisi unokufuna ukufaka imixholo yomfanekiso ngendlela yeefayile..hpkg, emva koko ziya kuhlaziywa kwaye ziqhutywe ngendlela efanayo njengokuba zifakwe nge-HaikuDepot ... Kufuneka sicinge ngengqondo).

Caphula kuMnu. waddlesplash:

Ukuqhuba usetyenziso olusuka kwiidrive zangaphandle okanye abalawuli bomsebenzi womnatha kunokuba luncedo. Kwaye ukongeza amandla okuqwalasela ngakumbi "imimandla" ye-pkgman ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba yinto entle.

Inkqubo enjalo iya kuthatha ithuba le-hpkg, abalawuli, kunye nemifanekiso yesicelo. Balungile ngabanye, kodwa kunye baya kuba ngabangenakoyiswa.

isiphelo

I-Haiku inesakhelo esibonelela ngamava alula kunye nobucukubhede bomsebenzisi kwi-PC, kwaye ihamba ngaphaya koko kubonelelwa ngeLinux PC. Inkqubo yokupakisha .hpkg ngomnye umzekelo onjalo, kodwa enye inkqubo nayo izaliswe bubugocigoci. Nangona kunjalo, i-Haiku yayiza kuxhamla kulawulo olufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso yomfanekiso wesicelo. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza oku kufanelekile ukuxoxa nabantu abayaziyo iHaiku, ifilosofi yayo kunye noyilo lwezakhiwo ngcono kunam. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, bendisebenzisa iHaiku isithuba esingaphezulu kweveki. Nangona kunjalo, ndiyakholelwa ukuba abayili beHaiku, abaphuhlisi, kunye nabayili bezakhiwo baya kuxhamla kule mbono intsha. Ubuncinane, ndingakuvuyela ukuba “ngumlingane” wabo. Ndineminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 yamava amava kunye neekhathalogu zesicelo seLinux kunye neenyanda, kwaye ndingathanda ukufumana ukusetyenziswa kwazo eHaiku, endicinga ukuba zifanelekile. Izisombululo ezinokubakho endizicebileyo ayizizo zodwa ezichanekileyo kwiingxaki endizichazile, kwaye ukuba iqela le-Haiku lithatha isigqibo sokufumana ezinye, ezintle kakhulu, ndiphelele. Ngokusisiseko, sele ndicinga ngombono wendlela yokwenza inkqubo hpkg emangalisayo ngakumbi ngaphandle kokutshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo. Kuvela ukuba iqela le-Haiku lalicinga malunga neengxowa zesicelo ixesha elide xa liphunyezwa inkqubo yokulawula iphakheji, kodwa ngelishwa (ndicinga) ingcamango yaba "iphelelwe yisikhathi". Mhlawumbi lixesha lokuyivuselela?

Yizame ngokwakho! Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, iprojekthi yeHaiku ibonelela ngemifanekiso yokubhuthwa kwiDVD okanye kwi-USB, eyenziwe Ежедневно.
Unemibuzo? Siyakumema kwisiRashiya Umzila wetelegram.

Isishwankathelo sempazamo: Ungazidubula njani unyawo kwi-C kunye ne-C ++. Haiku OS Recipe Collection

Ukusuka umbhali inguqulelo: eli linqaku lesibhozo kunye nelokugqibela kuthotho malunga neHaiku.

Uluhlu lwamanqaku: Okokuqala Okwesibini Okwesithathu Okwesine Isihlanu Isithandathu Isixhenxe

Ngabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo kuphela abanokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando. Ngena, ndiyacela.

Ngaba iyavakala ukufaka inkqubo ye-hpkg kwiLinux?

• ukuba

• akukho

• Sele iphunyeziwe, ndiya kubhala kwizimvo

Bali-20 abasebenzisi abavotileyo. Abasebenzisi abasi-5 abakhange.

umthombo: www.habr.com