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Amagqabantshintshi amafutshane kunye nokusekwa kwe-Kata Containers

Amagqabantshintshi amafutshane kunye nokusekwa kwe-Kata Containers
Eli nqaku liza kuxubusha indlela elisebenza ngayo Izikhongozeli zeKata, kwaye kuya kubakho nenxalenye ebonakalayo kunye noqhagamshelo lwabo kwiDocker.

Malunga neengxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye neDocker kunye nezisombululo zabo kwabhalwa, namhlanje ndiza kuchaza ngokufutshane ukuphunyezwa kwi-Kata Containers. I-Kata imigqomo yi-runtime yesikhongozeli ekhuselekileyo esekelwe koomatshini abakhaphukhaphu benyani. Ukusebenza kunye nabo kuyafana nakwezinye izikhongozeli, kodwa ukongezelela kukho ukubekelwa bucala okuthembekileyo ngakumbi usebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-hardware virtualization. Iprojekthi yaqala ngo-2017, xa uluntu lwegama elifanayo lugqibe ukudityaniswa kweengcamango ezilungileyo kwi-Intel Clear Containers kunye ne-Hyper.sh RunV, emva koko umsebenzi waqhubeka kwinkxaso yezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i-AMD64, i-ARM, i-IBM p- kunye ne-z. -uthotho. Ukongezelela, umsebenzi uxhaswa ngaphakathi kwe-hypervisors QEMU, i-Firecracker, kwaye kukho ukudibanisa kunye ne-container. Ikhowudi iyafumaneka kwi GitHub phantsi kwelayisenisi ye-MIT.

Iimpawu eziphambili

  • Ukusebenza ngondoqo owahlukileyo, ngaloo ndlela ukubonelela ngenethiwekhi, inkumbulo kunye ne-I / O yedwa, kunokwenzeka ukunyanzela ukusetyenziswa kwe-hardware yodwa esekelwe kwizandiso ze-virtualization.
  • Inkxaso yemigangatho yoshishino kuquka i-OCI (ifomati yesiqulatho), i-Kubernetes CRI
  • Ukusebenza okungaguquguqukiyo kwezikhongozeli zeLinux eziqhelekileyo, ukonyuka kwamalungelo odwa ngaphandle kokusebenza ngaphezulu kwee-VM eziqhelekileyo
  • Qeda imfuno yokuqhuba izikhongozeli ngaphakathi koomatshini abapheleleyo, ujongano oluqhelekileyo lwenziwe lula ukudityaniswa kunye nokuqaliswa.

isicwangciso

kukho okuninzi kwe iinketho zokufakela, ndiya kuqwalasela ukufakela kwiindawo zokugcina, ngokusekelwe kwinkqubo yokusebenza ye-Centos 7.
ebalulekileyo: Umsebenzi we-Kata Containers ixhaswa kuphela kwi-hardware, ukuhanjiswa kwe-virtualization ayisoloko isebenza, nayo funa inkxaso ye-sse4.1 ukusuka kwiprosesa.

Ukufakela i-Kata Containers kulula kakhulu:

Faka izixhobo zokusebenza ngoovimba:

# yum -y install yum-utils

Khubaza iSelinux (ilungile ngakumbi ukuyiqwalasela, kodwa ukwenza lula ndiyayivala):

# setenforce 0
# sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config

Sidibanisa indawo yokugcina kwaye senze ukufakela

# source /etc/os-release
# ARCH=$(arch)
# BRANCH="${BRANCH:-stable-1.10}"
# yum-config-manager --add-repo "http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/katacontainers:/releases:/${ARCH}:/${BRANCH}/CentOS_${VERSION_ID}/home:katacontainers:releases:${ARCH}:${BRANCH}.repo"
# yum -y install kata-runtime kata-proxy kata-shim

Yenza ngokwezifiso

Ndiza kumisela ukusebenza kunye ne-docker, ukufakwa kwayo kuqhelekileyo, andizukuyichaza ngakumbi:

# rpm -qa | grep docker
docker-ce-cli-19.03.6-3.el7.x86_64
docker-ce-19.03.6-3.el7.x86_64
# docker -v
Docker version 19.03.6, build 369ce74a3c

Senza utshintsho kwi-daemon.json:

# cat <<EOF > /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "default-runtime": "kata-runtime",
  "runtimes": {
    "kata-runtime": {
      "path": "/usr/bin/kata-runtime"
    }
  }
}
EOF

Qala kwakhona idocker:

# service docker restart

Umsebenzi osebenzayo

Ukuba uqala isikhongozeli ngaphambi kokuba uqalise kwakhona i-docker, unokubona ukuba uname uya kunika uguqulelo lwe-kernel esebenza kwinkqubo ephambili:

# docker run busybox uname -a
Linux 19efd7188d06 3.10.0-1062.12.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Feb 4 23:02:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Emva kokuqalisa kwakhona, inguqulo ye-kernel ibonakala ngolu hlobo:

# docker run busybox uname -a
Linux 9dd1f30fe9d4 4.19.86-5.container #1 SMP Sat Feb 22 01:53:14 UTC 2020 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Amaqela amaninzi!

# time docker run busybox mount
kataShared on / type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=666)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=755)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,name=systemd)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=65536k)
kataShared on /etc/resolv.conf type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
kataShared on /etc/hostname type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
kataShared on /etc/hosts type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
proc on /proc/bus type proc (ro,relatime)
proc on /proc/fs type proc (ro,relatime)
proc on /proc/irq type proc (ro,relatime)
proc on /proc/sys type proc (ro,relatime)
tmpfs on /proc/acpi type tmpfs (ro,relatime)
tmpfs on /proc/timer_list type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
tmpfs on /sys/firmware type tmpfs (ro,relatime)

real    0m2.381s
user    0m0.066s
sys 0m0.039s

# time docker run busybox free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1993          30        1962           0           1        1946
Swap:             0           0           0

real    0m3.297s
user    0m0.086s
sys 0m0.050s

Uvavanyo lomthwalo okhawulezayo

Ukuvavanya ilahleko evela kwi-virtualization - ndiqhuba i-sysbench, njengemizekelo ephambili thatha olu khetho.

Ukuqhuba i-sysbench usebenzisa i-Docker+container

Uvavanyo lweprosesa

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Prime numbers limit: 20000

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

General statistics:
    total time:                          36.7335s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 36.7173s
    response time:
         min:                                  3.43ms
         avg:                                  3.67ms
         max:                                  8.34ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               3.79ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           10000.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   36.7173/0.00

Uvavanyo lwe-RAM

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

Operations performed: 104857600 (2172673.64 ops/sec)

102400.00 MiB transferred (2121.75 MiB/sec)

General statistics:
    total time:                          48.2620s
    total number of events:              104857600
    total time taken by event execution: 17.4161s
    response time:
         min:                                  0.00ms
         avg:                                  0.00ms
         max:                                  0.17ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               0.00ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           104857600.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   17.4161/0.00

Ukuqhuba i-sysbench usebenzisa iDocker+Kata Containers

Uvavanyo lweprosesa

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Prime numbers limit: 20000

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

General statistics:
    total time:                          36.5747s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 36.5594s
    response time:
         min:                                  3.43ms
         avg:                                  3.66ms
         max:                                  4.93ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               3.77ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           10000.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   36.5594/0.00

Uvavanyo lwe-RAM

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

Operations performed: 104857600 (2450366.94 ops/sec)

102400.00 MiB transferred (2392.94 MiB/sec)

General statistics:
    total time:                          42.7926s
    total number of events:              104857600
    total time taken by event execution: 16.1512s
    response time:
         min:                                  0.00ms
         avg:                                  0.00ms
         max:                                  0.43ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               0.00ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           104857600.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   16.1512/0.00

Ngokomgaqo, imeko sele icacile, kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukuqhuba iimvavanyo amaxesha amaninzi, ukususa izinto ezingaphandle kunye nokulinganisa iziphumo, ngoko andizenzi ezinye iimvavanyo okwangoku.

ezifunyanisiweyo

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba izikhongozeli ezinjalo zithatha malunga namaxesha amahlanu ukuya kwishumi ubude ukuqalisa (ixesha lokuqhuba eliqhelekileyo lemiyalelo efanayo xa usebenzisa isikhongozeli lingaphantsi kwesithathu somzuzwana), zisasebenza ngokukhawuleza ukuba sithatha ixesha lokuqala ngokupheleleyo (apho yimizekelo engasentla, imiyalelo eyenziwa kumndilili wemizuzwana emithathu). Ewe, iziphumo zovavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-CPU kunye ne-RAM zibonisa phantse iziphumo ezifanayo, ezingenakuvuya, ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba ukubekwa wedwa kunikezelwe kusetyenziswa indlela eqhutywa kakuhle njenge-kvm.

Isibhengezo

Inqaku liphononongo, kodwa likunika ithuba lokuziva elinye ixesha lokubaleka. Iindawo ezininzi zesicelo azifakwanga, umzekelo, isayithi ichaza ukukwazi ukuqhuba i-Kubernetes phezulu kwe-Kata Containers. Ukongeza, unokuphinda uqhube uthotho lweemvavanyo ezijolise ekufumaneni iingxaki zokhuseleko, izithintelo zokuseta, kunye nezinye izinto ezinomdla.

Ndiyabacela bonke abo baye bafunda baze baphinde babuyele apha ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwisaveyi, apho iimpapasho ezizayo malunga nesi sihloko ziya kuxhomekeka.

Ngabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo kuphela abanokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando. Ngena, ndiyacela.

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