Iinkqubo ezisasazwayo kunokuba nzima ukuzilawula ngenxa yokuba zininzi izinto ezihambayo, ezitshintshayo ekufuneka zonke zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo ukuze inkqubo isebenze. Ukuba enye yezinto ayiphumelelanga, inkqubo kufuneka ibone, idlule kwaye iyilungise, kwaye konke oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Kolu ngcelele lwe-Kubernetes Best Practices, siza kufunda ukuseta iimvavanyo zokuLungela kunye nokuPhila ukuvavanya impilo yeqela le-Kubernetes.
Ukujonga impilo yindlela elula yokwazisa inkqubo ukuba isicelo sakho siyasebenza okanye hayi. Ukuba isicelo sakho siphantsi, ezinye iinkonzo akufuneki zifikelele kuyo okanye zithumele izicelo kuyo. Endaweni yoko, isicelo kufuneka sithunyelwe komnye umzekelo wesicelo esele sisebenza okanye esiza kusungulwa kamva. Ukongeza, inkqubo kufuneka ibuyisele usebenziso olulahlekileyo lwesicelo sakho.
Ngokungagqibekanga, i-Kubernetes iya kuqalisa ukuthumela i-traffic kwipod xa zonke izikhongozeli ezingaphakathi kweepod ziqhuba, kwaye ziqalise izikhongozeli xa zintlitheka. Le ndlela yokuziphatha engagqibekanga inokuba ilungile ngokwaneleyo ukuqala, kodwa ungaphucula ukuthembeka kokusasazwa kwemveliso yakho ngokusebenzisa iitshekhi zokuziphatha ngokwesiko.
Ngethamsanqa, i-Kubernetes yenza oku kube lula ukwenza, ke akukho sizathu sokungahoyi olu vavanyo. I-Kubernetes ibonelela ngeendlela ezimbini zokuHlola iMpilo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko kwindlela nganye esetyenziswa ngayo.
Uvavanyo lokuLungela lwenzelwe ukuxelela uKubernetes ukuba isicelo sakho sikulungele ukuphatha itrafikhi. Ngaphambi kokuvumela inkonzo ukuba ithumele i-traffic kwi-pod, i-Kubernetes kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba ukukhangela ukulungela kuphumelele. Ukuba uvavanyo lokuLungela aluphumeleli, i-Kubernetes iya kuyeka ukuthumela i-traffic kwi-pod de uvavanyo ludlule.
Uvavanyo lweLiveness luxelela uKubernetes ukuba isicelo sakho siyaphila okanye sifile. Kwimeko yokuqala, i-Kubernetes iya kuyishiya yodwa, okwesibini iya kucima i-pod efileyo kwaye ithathe indawo entsha.
Makhe sibe nomfanekiso wemeko apho isicelo sakho sithatha umzuzu om-1 ukufudumala kunye nokusungulwa. Inkonzo yakho ayizukuqala ukusebenza de isicelo silayishwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye siyasebenza, nangona ukuhanjiswa komsebenzi sele kuqalile. Uya kuba neengxaki ukuba ufuna ukonyusa olu kuthunyelwa kwiikopi ezininzi, kuba ezo kopi akufuneki zifumane itrafikhi de zibe zilungile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuzenzekelayo, i-Kubernetes iya kuqalisa ukuthumela i-traffic ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba iinkqubo ngaphakathi kwesikhongozeli ziqala.
Xa usebenzisa uvavanyo lokuLungela, i-Kubernetes iya kulinda de isicelo sisebenze ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuvumela inkonzo ukuthumela i-traffic kwikopi entsha.
Makhe sicinge ngenye imeko apho isicelo sixhonywe ixesha elide, siyeka ukucela iinkonzo. Njengoko inkqubo iqhubeka nokusebenza, ngokungagqibekanga i-Kubernetes iya kuthatha yonke into ilungile kwaye iqhubeke nokuthumela izicelo kwi-pod engasebenziyo. Kodwa xa usebenzisa i-Liveness, i-Kubernetes iya kufumanisa ukuba isicelo asisanikezeli izicelo kwaye iya kuphinda iqalise i-pod efileyo ngokungagqibekanga.
Makhe sijonge ukuba ukulungela kunye nokusebenza kuvavanywa njani. Kukho iindlela ezintathu zokuvavanya - HTTP, Command and TCP. Ungasebenzisa nayiphi na kuzo ukujonga. Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokuvavanya umsebenzisi yi-HTTP probe.
Nokuba isicelo sakho ayisiyiyo iseva yeHTTP, usenokwenza iseva ye-HTTP ekhaphukhaphu ngaphakathi kwesicelo sakho ukunxibelelana novavanyo lweLiveness. Emva koko, i-Kubernetes iya kuqala i-pinging pod, kwaye ukuba impendulo ye-HTTP ikwi-200 okanye i-300 ms uluhlu, iya kubonisa ukuba i-pod iphilile. Ngaphandle koko, imodyuli iya kuphawulwa njenge "engenampilo".
Kuvavanyo lomyalelo, iKubernetes iqhuba umyalelo ngaphakathi kwesikhongozeli sakho. Ukuba umyalelo ubuya ngekhowudi yokuphuma ye-zero, ngoko isitya siya kuphawulwa njengempilo, ngaphandle koko, xa sifumana inombolo yesimo sokuphuma ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya ku-255, isitya siya kuphawulwa "njengokugula". Le ndlela yokuvavanya iluncedo ukuba awukwazi okanye awufuni ukuqhuba iseva ye-HTTP, kodwa iyakwazi ukuqhuba umyalelo oya kukhangela impilo yesicelo sakho.
Indlela yokugqibela yokuqinisekisa luvavanyo lwe-TCP. I-Kubernetes iya kuzama ukuseka uqhagamshelwano lwe-TCP kwizibuko elikhankanyiweyo. Ukuba oku kunokwenziwa, isikhongozeli sibonwa sisempilweni; ukuba akunjalo, sithathwa njengento engenakusebenziseka. Le ndlela ingaba luncedo ukuba usebenzisa imeko apho uvavanyo ngesicelo seHTTP okanye ukuphunyezwa komyalelo kungasebenzi kakuhle kakhulu. Umzekelo, iinkonzo eziphambili zokuqinisekisa usebenzisa i-TCP ziya kuba yi-gRPC okanye i-FTP.
Uvavanyo lunokuqwalasela ngeendlela ezininzi ngeeparamitha ezahlukeneyo. Ungacacisa ukuba kufuneka babulawe kangaphi, yintoni impumelelo kunye nokusilela, kwaye ixesha elingakanani ukulinda iimpendulo. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, bona amaxwebhu ovavanyo lokuLungela kunye nokuPhila. Nangona kunjalo, kukho inqaku elibaluleke kakhulu ekusekweni kovavanyo lweLiveness - useto lokuqala lokulibaziseka kovavanyo lokuqalaDelaySeconds. Njengoko benditshilo, ukungaphumeleli kolu vavanyo kuya kubangela ukuba imodyuli iqalwe kwakhona. Ngoko ke kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uvavanyo aluqali de isicelo silungele ukuhamba, kungenjalo iya kuqalisa ukukhwela ibhayisekile ngokuqalisa kwakhona. Ndincoma ukusebenzisa ixesha lokuqalisa le-P99 okanye umndilili wokuqalisa isicelo kwi-buffer. Khumbula ukunyenyisa eli xabiso njengoko ixesha lokuqalisa isicelo sakho likhawuleza okanye licotha.
Uninzi lweengcali ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhlolwa kweMpilo kukujongwa okunyanzelekileyo kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo esasazwayo, kwaye i-Kubernetes ayikho. Ukusebenzisa iitshekhi zezempilo zenkonzo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo, okungenazinkathazo kwe-Kubernetes kwaye kulula kubasebenzisi.
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