Imibuliso kuluntu lwakwaHabr! Kutshanje ndibhale malunga nebhodi yethu yokuqala yeqela []. Kwaye namhlanje ndifuna ukukuxelela indlela esisebenze ngayo kwinguqulelo imemori yokufikelela ngokungacwangciswanga.
Sinomdla malunga neeseva ezincinci ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kuphuhliso lwasekhaya kunye nokusingatha indawo. Ngokungafaniyo neekhompyuter zedesktop okanye iilaptops, iiseva zethu zenzelwe ukusebenza 24/7; zinokudityaniswa ngokukhawuleza kwi-federation, umzekelo, bekukho iiprosesa ezi-4 kwiqela, kwaye emva kwemizuzu emi-5 bekukho iiprosesa ezili-16 (ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezongezelelweyo zenethiwekhi) kwaye konke oku kwifom ye-compact form , kuthule kwaye kusebenze amandla.
Uyilo lwamaseva ethu lusekelwe kumgaqo weqela lokwakha, okt. Senza iibhodi zeqela ezidibanisa iimodyuli ezininzi zekhompyutha (iiprosesa) usebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-ethernet ebhodini. Ukwenza izinto zibe lula, asenzeli ezethu iimodyuli zokubala okwangoku, kodwa sisebenzisa iiModyuli zeRaspberry Pi zeKhompyutha kwaye besinethemba lokufumana imodyuli entsha yeCM4. Kodwa yonke into ihambe ngokuchasene nezicwangciso kunye nefomu yabo entsha kwaye ndicinga ukuba abaninzi badanile.
Ngezantsi yindlela esihambe ngayo ukusuka kwi-V1 ukuya kwi-V2 kunye nendlela ekufuneka sijamelane ngayo nefom entsha ye-Raspberry Pi CM4.
Ngoko, emva kokudala i-cluster ene-7 nodes, imibuzo yile: yintoni elandelayo? Indlela yokunyusa ixabiso lemveliso? 8, 10 okanye 16 iindawo? Ngabaphi abavelisi bemodyuli? Ukucinga ngemveliso ngokubanzi, saqonda ukuba into ephambili apha ayilona inani lee-nodes okanye ngubani umenzi, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo yamaqela njengesakhiwo sokwakha. Kufuneka sijonge ubuncinci bebhloko yokwakha leyo
Eyokuqala, iya kuba yimbumba kwaye ngexesha elifanayo linamandla okudibanisa iidiski kunye namakhadi okwandisa. Iyunithi ye-cluster kufuneka ibe yindawo yokuzimela yokuzimela kunye nezakhono zokwandisa ngokubanzi.
Okwesibini, ukwenzela ukuba iibhloko ezincinci ze-cluster zinokudibaniswa omnye komnye ngokwakha amaqoqo amakhulu kwaye ukuze oku kusebenze ngokumalunga nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nesantya sokulinganisa. Isantya sokulinganisa kufuneka sibe phezulu kunokudibanisa iikhompyuter eziqhelekileyo kuthungelwano kwaye singabizi kakhulu kunezixhobo zeseva.
Okwesithathu, iiyunithi zeqela elincinane kufuneka zicuthene, zihambe, zonge amandla, zingabizi kakhulu kwaye zingafuneki kwiimeko zokusebenza. Lo ngomnye womahluko ophambili ukusuka kwiiracks zeseva kunye nayo yonke into edityaniswe nabo.
Saqala ngokumisela inani leendawo zokuhlala.
Inani leendawo
Ngokusebenzisa izigwebo ezilula ezinengqondo, siye safumanisa ukuba ii-nodes ezi-4 zezona zikhethwa kakhulu kwibhloko encinci ye-cluster. I-node eyi-1 ayiyiyo i-cluster, i-2 i-nodes ayonelanga (i-1 master 1 umsebenzi, akukho nokwenzeka kokulinganisa ngaphakathi kwebhloko, ngokukodwa kwiinketho ezihlukeneyo), iindawo ezi-3 zibukeka zilungile, kodwa hayi ukuphindaphinda kwamandla ka-2 kunye nokulinganisa ngaphakathi. ibhloko ilinganiselwe, ii-nodes ze-6 ziza kwixabiso eliphantse lifana ne-7 (ukusuka kumava ethu oku sele kuyindleko ephezulu), i-8 ininzi, ayifaki kwi-mini ITX form factor kunye nesisombululo esibiza kakhulu kwi-PoC.
Sithatha iindawo ezine kwibhloko nganye njengentsingiselo yegolide:
- izixhobo ezincinci kwibhodi yeqela ngalinye, ngoko ke imveliso ephantsi
- yahlulahlulwe ngo-4, iibhloko ezi-4 kuphela zinika iiprosesa zenyama ezili-16
- iskimu esizinzile 1 inkosi kunye nabasebenzi aba-3
- iimodyuli ezininzi, i-compute ngokubanzi + i-accelerated-compute modules
- mini ITX form factor ene-SSD drives kunye namakhadi okwandisa
Iimodyuli zokubala
Inguqulo yesibini isekelwe kwi-CM4, sasicinga ukuba iya kukhutshwa kwifom ye-SODIMM. Kodwaβ¦
Sagqiba ekubeni senze i-sodiMM intombi kwaye sihlanganise i-CM4 ngqo kwiimodyuli ukuze abasebenzisi bangacingi nge-CM4.
I-Turing Pi Compute Module exhasa iRaspberry Pi CM4
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ekufuneni iimodyuli, imarike yonke yeemodyuli zekhompyutheni yavulwa, ukusuka kwiimodyuli ezincinci kunye ne-128 MB RAM ukuya kwi-8 GB RAM. Ngaphambili kukho iimodyuli ezine-16 GB RAM okanye ngaphezulu. Kuba edge ukusingatha izicelo ezisekelwe cloud bomthonyama technologies, 1 GB RAM ayisekho ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokuvela kutshanje iimodyuli kunye 2, 4 kwaye nkqu 8 GB RAM inika igumbi elungileyo ukukhula. Siye saqwalasela iimodyuli zeFPGA zokusetyenziswa komatshini wokufunda, kodwa inkxaso yabo yamiswa ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yendalo yesoftware ayizange iphuhliswe. Ngelixa sifunda imakethi yemodyuli, size nombono wokwenza ujongano lwendalo yonke lweemodyuli, kwaye kwiV2 siqala ukudibanisa ujongano lweemodyuli zekhompyuter. Oku kuya kuvumela abanini benguqulo ye-V2 ukuba badibanise iimodyuli ezivela kwabanye abavelisi kwaye bazixube kwimisebenzi ethile.
I-V2 ixhasa umgca weRaspberry Pi 4 Compute Module (CM4), kuquka iinguqulelo zeLite kunye neemodyuli ezine-8 GB RAM.
I-periphery
Emva kokumisela umthengisi weemodyuli kunye nenani lee-nodes, sasondela kwibhasi ye-PCI apho i-peripherals ikhona. Ibhasi ye-PCI ngumgangatho wezixhobo ze-peripheral kwaye ifumaneka phantse kuzo zonke iimodyuli zekhompyutha. Sineendawo ezininzi kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, indawo nganye inokwabelana ngezixhobo zePCI kwimowudi yokucela ukhuphiswano. Umzekelo, ukuba le diski iqhagamshelwe kwibhasi, ngoko ifumaneka kuzo zonke iindawo. Saqala ukukhangela utshintsho lwe-PCI ngenkxaso ye-multihost kwaye safumanisa ukuba akukho namnye kubo ohlangabezana neemfuno zethu. Zonke ezi zisombululo zazikhawulelwe ikakhulu kwi-1 host okanye i-multi-hosts, kodwa ngaphandle kwendlela yezicelo ezihambelanayo kwii-endpoints. Ingxaki yesibini yindleko ephezulu ye-50 yeedola okanye ngaphezulu kwi-chip nganye. Kwi-V2, sigqibe kwelokuba simise imifuniselo kunye nokutshintsha kwe-PCI (siya kubuyela kubo kamva njengoko siphuhlisa) kwaye sathatha indlela yokwabela indima kwindawo nganye: iindawo ezimbini zokuqala ziveze izibuko le-PCI elibonisa indawo nganye, indawo yesithathu eveziweyo. I-2-ports 6 Gbps Umlawuli we-SATA. Ukufikelela kwiidiski kwezinye iindawo, ungasebenzisa inkqubo yefayile yenethiwekhi ngaphakathi kweqela. Ngoba kutheni?
Intloko yokroba
Sigqibe ekubeni sabelane ngemizobo yendlela ibhloko yeqela elincinane eliye lavela ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha ngeengxoxo kunye nokucingisisa.
Ngenxa yoko, safika kwiyunithi ye-cluster ene-4 260-pin nodes, i-2 mini PCIe (Gen 2) izibuko, i-2 SATA (Gen 3) izibuko. Ibhodi ine-Layer-2 eLawulwayo yoTshintsho ngenkxaso yeVLAN. I-node yokuqala ine-mini PCIe port apho ungafaka khona ikhadi lenethiwekhi kwaye ufumane enye i-Ethernet port okanye i-modem ye-5G kwaye ujike i-node yokuqala ibe yi-router yenethiwekhi kwi-cluster kunye ne-Ethernet port.
Ibhasi ye-cluster inemisebenzi emininzi, kuquka ukukwazi ukukhanyisa iimodyuli ngokuthe ngqo kuzo zonke iindawo zokubeka kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo izixhumi ze-FAN kwi-node nganye kunye nokulawula isantya.
Isicelo
Iziseko ezingundoqo ezizibambeleyo kunye neenkonzo
Siye sayila iV2 ngenjongo yokuyisebenzisa njengebhloko encinci yokwakha yomthengi/isiseko somda worhwebo. Nge-V2, kuyabiza ukuqalisa ubungqina bengqikelelo kunye nesikali njengoko ukhula, ngokuthe ngcembe ufuduka izicelo ezenza ukonga ngakumbi kunye nengqiqo esebenzayo ukusingatha emphethweni. Iibhloko zeCluster zinokudityaniswa kunye ukwakha amaqela amakhulu. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe ngaphandle kwemingcipheko ethile
iinkqubo. Namhlanje kukho inani elikhulu lezicelo zeshishini, .
Indawo yokusebenzela ye-ARM
Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-32 GB ye-RAM ngeqela ngalinye, indawo yokuqala ingasetyenziselwa uguqulelo lwe-desktop ye-OS (umzekelo, Ubuntu Desktop 20.04 LTS) kunye neendawo ezishiyekileyo ezi-3 zokuhlanganisa, ukuvavanya kunye nemisebenzi yokulungisa iimpazamo, kunye nophuhliso lwemveli yelifu. izisombululo zamaqela e-ARM. Njenge-node ye-CI / CD kwiziseko ze-ARM ze-peripheral kwimveliso.
Iqela le-Turing V2 elineemodyuli ze-CM4 liphantse lafana kulwakhiwo (umahluko ukwiinguqulelo ezincinci ze-ARMv8) kwiqela elisekelwe kwimizekelo ye-AWS Graviton. Iprosesa yemodyuli yeCM4 isebenzisa ulwakhiwo lwe-ARMv8; unokuqokelela imifanekiso kunye nezicelo ze-AWS Graviton 1 kunye neemeko ezi-2, ezaziwa njengexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kuneemeko ze-x86.
umthombo: www.habr.com