🥇Amava am kunye neengcebiso zokupasa uviwo oluQinisekisiweyo lwe-Kubernetes loPhuhlisi lweSicelo (CKAD)

Kutshanje, ndipasile ngempumelelo uviwo lwe-Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) kwaye ndafumana isatifikethi sam. Namhlanje ndifuna ukuthetha ngenkqubo yoqinisekiso ngokwayo kunye nendlela endiyilungiselele ngayo. Kwakungamava anomdla kum ukuba ndithathe uviwo kwi-intanethi phantsi kweliso elisondeleyo lomvavanyi. Akusayi kubakho lwazi oluxabisekileyo lobuchwephesha apha; inqaku libalisa ngokwendalo. Kwakhona, andizange ndibe nemvelaphi ingako ekusebenzeni noKubernetes kwaye andizange ndibe noqeqesho oludibeneyo nabalingane; Ndafunda kwaye ndaziqeqesha ngexesha lam lokuphumla.

Ndimncinci kakhulu kwicandelo lophuhliso lwewebhu, kodwa ndiye ndaqonda ukuba ngaphandle kolwazi olusisiseko lweDocker kunye neeK8s awuzukufika kude. Ukuthatha ikhosi kunye nokulungiselela olu hlobo lweemviwo kwakubonakala njengendawo yokungena kwihlabathi leekhonteyina kunye ne-orchestration yazo.

Ukuba usacinga ukuba i-Kubernetes intsonkothe kakhulu kwaye ayisiyoyakho, nceda ulandele ikati.

Yintoni na?

Kukho iindidi ezimbini zezatifikethi ze-Kubernetes ezivela kwi-Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF):

I-Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) - ivavanya ukukwazi ukuyila, ukuyila, ukuqwalasela nokupapasha izicelo zendalo zamafu zeKubernetes. Uviwo luthatha iiyure ezi-2, imisebenzi ye-19, iphumelele amanqaku angama-66%. Ifuna ulwazi oluphezulu kakhulu lweziseko zokuqala. Ixabisa i-300 yeedola.
Umlawuli oqinisekisiweyo we-Kubernetes (CKA) uvavanya izakhono, ulwazi, kunye nobuchule bokwenza imisebenzi yabalawuli be-Kubernetes. Uviwo luthatha iiyure ezi-3, imisebenzi engama-24, ukupasa amanqaku angama-74%. Ulwazi olunzulu ngolwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo lweenkqubo luyafuneka. Iindleko nazo ziyi-300 yeedola.

I-CKAD kunye neenkqubo zesatifikethi ze-CKA zaphuhliswa yi-Cloud Native Computing Foundation ukwandisa i-Kubernetes ecosystem ngoqeqesho olusemgangathweni kunye nesiqinisekiso. Le ngxowa-mali yenziwe nguGoogle ngokubambisana ne-Linux Foundation, apho i-Kubernetes yathunyelwa khona njengegalelo lokuqala lobuchwepheshe kwaye ixhaswa ziinkampani ezifana ne-Microsoft, i-Apple, i-Facebook, i-Cisco, i-Intel, i-Red Hat kunye nabanye abaninzi (c) Wiki

Ngamafutshane, ezi ziimviwo ezivela "kwintlangano enkulu" kwiKubernetes. Ewe kunjalo, kukho izatifikethi ezivela kwezinye iinkampani.

Kutheni?

Le yeyona ngongoma iphikisanayo kuyo yonke le ngcamango. Andifuni ukuqala i-holivar malunga nesidingo sezatifikethi, ndifuna nje ukukholelwa ukuba ubukho bolu hlobo lwesatifikethi buya kuba nefuthe elihle kwixabiso lam kwimarike yomsebenzi. Yonke into ixhomekeke-awusoze wazi ukuba yeyiphi kanye kanye eya kuba lithuba lokutshintsha kwisigqibo sokukuqesha.

I-PS: Andikhangeli umsebenzi, ngoku ndonwabile ngayo yonke into ... kakuhle, ngaphandle kokuba mhlawumbi ngokufudukela kwindawo ethile e-USA.

Ukulungiselela

Uvavanyo lweCKAD lunemibuzo eli-19, eyahlulwe ngokwezihloko ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

I-13% - Iingcamango ezingundoqo
18% – Uqwalaselo
I-10% - Iipods ezininzi zeekhonteyina
18% – Ukuqwalaselwa
20% - Uyilo lwePod
I-13% - Iinkonzo kunye noThungelwano
I-8% - Ukunyamezela kukaRhulumente

Kwiqonga le-Udemy kukho nje ikhosi enkulu evela kwiIndiya enye phantsi kwegama elithi Mumshad Mannambeth (ikhonkco liya kuba sekupheleni kwenqaku). Ngokwenene umgangatho ophezulu kakhulu ngexabiso elincinci. Eyona nto ipholileyo kukuba njengoko ikhosi iqhubeka, uya kucelwa ukuba wenze imithambo ebonakalayo kwindawo yovavanyo, ke uya kuphuhlisa isakhono sokusebenza kwikhonsoli.

Ndiyigqibile yonke le khosi ndaza ndagqiba yonke imisetyenzana esebenzayo (kungekhona ngaphandle, ewe, ukujonga iimpendulo), kwaye kwangoko phambi koviwo ndaphinda ndabukela zonke izifundo ngesantya esongeziweyo kwaye ndaphinda ndathatha iimviwo ezimbini zokugqibela. Kwandithatha malunga nenyanga ngokuzolileyo. Esi sixhobo sanele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ndiphumelele iimviwo ngokuzithemba ngamanqaku angama-91%. Ndenze impazamo kwindawo ethile kumsebenzi omnye (i-NodePort ayizange isebenze), kwaye imizuzu embalwa yayinganelanga ukugqiba omnye umsebenzi ngokudibanisa i-ConfigMap kwifayile, nangona ndandisazi isisombululo.

Lunjani uviwo

Uviwo lwenzeka kwisikhangeli, kunye nekhamera yewebhu evuliwe kwaye isikrini sabelwana. Imithetho yeemviwo ifuna ukuba kungabikho mntu ungaziwayo kwigumbi. Ndalubhala uviwo xa ilizwe lalisele liqalise inkqubo yokuzahlula, ngoko kwakubalulekile ukuba ndifumane ixesha elizolileyo ukuze umfazi wam angangeni egumbini okanye umntwana akhwaze. Ndikhethe ebusuku kakhulu, kuba ixesha likhona ukuze lilungele yonke incasa.

Kwasekuqaleni, umvavanyi ufuna ukuba ubonise i-ID yakho yasePrayimari equlethe ifoto kunye negama elipheleleyo (ngesiLatini) - kum yayiyipasipoti yangaphandle, kunye nokuthumela ikhamera yewebhu kwideskithophu kunye negumbi ukuze uqiniseke ukuba akukho. izinto zangaphandle.

Ngexesha loviwo, kuvumelekile ukugcina enye ibhrawuza ithebhu ivuliwe ngesinye sezixhobo:https://kubernetes.io/docs/,https://github.com/kubernetes/okanye https://kubernetes.io/blog/. Ndandinalo olu xwebhu, lwayanele.

Kwifestile ephambili, ukongeza kwisicatshulwa semisebenzi, i-terminal kunye nencoko kunye nomvavanyi, kukho kwakhona ifestile yamanqaku apho unokukopa amagama abalulekileyo okanye imiyalelo - oku kufike ngokufanelekileyo amaxesha ambalwa.

Iingcebiso

Sebenzisa iziteketiso ukonga ixesha. Nantsi into endiyisebenzisileyo:

export ns=default # переменная для нэймспейса
alias ku='kubectl' # укорачиваем основную команду
alias kun='ku -n=$ns' # kubectl + namespace
alias kudr='kun --dry-run -o=yaml' # очень нужные флаги, чтобы генерить yaml описание для объекта

Khumbula indibaniselwano yeflegi yomyalelo runukuvelisa ngokukhawuleza i-yaml kwizinto ezahlukeneyo - i-pod/deploy/ job/cronjob (nangona kungeyomfuneko kwaphela ukuzikhumbula, unokujonga nje uncedo ngeflegi. -h):

kudr run pod1 --image=nginx --restart=Never > pod1.yaml
kudr run deploy1 --image=nginx > deploy1.yaml
kudr run job1 --image=nginx --restart=OnFailure > job1.yaml
kudr run cronjob1 --image=nginx --restart=OnFailure --schedule="*/1 * * * * " > cronjob1.yaml

Sebenzisa amagama amafutshane emithombo:

ku get ns # вместо namespaces
ku get deploy # вместо deployments
ku get pv # вместо persistentvolumes
ku get pvc # вместо persistentvolumeclaims
ku get svc # вместо services
# и т.д., полный список можно подсмотреть по команде: 
kubectl api-resources

Yabela ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokugqiba yonke imisebenzi, musa ukubambelela kwinto enye, tsiba imibuzo kwaye uqhubeke. Ekuqaleni, ndandicinga ukuba ndiza kugqiba izabelo zam ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ndiza kuzigqiba kwangethuba iimviwo, kodwa ekugqibeleni ndandingenalo ixesha lokugqiba izabelo ezibini. Enyanisweni, ixesha loviwo labelwe umva, kwaye zonke iiyure ze-2 zidlula ngoxinzelelo.
Ungalibali ukutshintsha umxholo - ekuqaleni komsebenzi ngamnye, umyalelo unikezelwa ukutshintsha ukuze usebenze kwiqela elifunekayo.
Kwakhona gcina iliso kwisithuba samagama. Kule nto ndisebenzise enye i-hack:
```
alias kun='echo namespace=$ns && ku -n=$ns' # при выполнении каждой команды первой строкой у меня выводился текущий нэймспейс
```
Musa ukukhawuleza ukuhlawula isatifikethi, linda izaphulelo. Umbhali wekhosi uhlala ethumela iikhowudi zokuthengisa kunye ne-20-30% izaphulelo nge-imeyile.
Ekugqibeleni ufunde vim :)

Izalathiso:

www.cncf.io/certification/ckad — iphepha lesiqinisekiso ngokwalo
www.udemy.com/course/certified-kubernetes-application-developer - ikhosi elungileyo kakhulu yokulungiselela, yonke into icacile kwaye inemifanekiso
github.com/lucassa/CKAD-resources - amakhonkco aluncedo kunye namanqaku malunga noviwo
habr.com/ru/company/flant/blog/425683 -Ibali elivela koogxa bakaHabr malunga nokuphumelela iimviwo ezinzima ze-CKA

umthombo: www.habr.com

Amava am kunye neengcebiso zokuPasa iKubernetes eQinisekisiweyo yeSicelo soPhuhlisi (CKAD)