Ukuguqulelwa kwenqaku ukusuka injineli uGeorge Hilliard
Iyacofa
Ndiyinjineli yeenkqubo ezizinzisiweyo. Ngexesha lam lokuphumla, ndihlala ndijonge into enokuthi isetyenziswe kuyilo lweenkqubo ezizayo, okanye into evela kwizinto endinomdla kuzo.
Enye indawo enjalo ziikhompyuter zexabiso eliphantsi ezinokusebenzisa iLinux, kwaye okona kufikelelekayo kungcono. Ngoko ndemba umngxuma onzulu womvundla weeprosesa ezifihlakeleyo.
Ndacinga, "Ezi processors zinexabiso eliphantsi kangangokuba zinokunikwa simahla." Kwaye emva kwexesha elithile, ingcamango yafika kum ukuba ndenze ikhadi elingenanto le-Linux kwifom yekhadi leshishini.
Emva kokuba ndiyicingisise le nto, ndagqiba kwelokuba iya kuba yinto entle ngokwenene ukuyenza. Sele ndinayo Π΄ΠΎ , kwaye babenezakhono ezahlukeneyo ezinomdla, ezinjengokulinganisa amakhadi oonotsheluza, iiglowubhu ezidanyazayo, okanye ukuhanjiswa kwedatha engenazingcingo. Nangona kunjalo, khange ndibone amakhadi oshishino anenkxaso yeLinux.
Ndiye ndazenzela ke mna.
Olu luguqulelo olugqityiweyo lwemveliso. Ikhompyuter encinci ye-ARM eqhuba inguqulelo yam yesiko leLinux eyakhiwe ngeBuildroot.
Ine-USB port ekoneni. Ukuba uqhagamshela kwikhompyuter, iqala malunga nemizuzwana emi-6 kwaye ibonakala njengekhadi le-flash kunye ne-serial port ebonakalayo apho ungangena khona kwiqokobhe lekhadi. Kwi-flash drive kukho ifayile ye-README, ikopi yokuqhubeka kwam kunye neefoto zam ezininzi. Iqokobhe linemidlalo emininzi, i-Unix classics efana nethamsanqa kunye ne-rogue, inguqulelo encinci yomdlalo we-2048 kunye netoliki ye-MicroPython.
Konke oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-flash chip encinci ye-8 MB. I-bootloader ingena kwi-256 KB, i-kernel ithatha i-1,6 MB, kwaye yonke inkqubo yefayile yeengcambu ithatha i-2,4 MB. Ngoko ke, kukho indawo eninzi eshiyekileyo ye-flash drive ebonakalayo. Kukwakho nencwadi yekhaya ebhalwayo ukuba nabani na wenza nantoni na afuna ukuyigcina. Oku konke kwakhona kugcinwe kwi-flash chip.
Isixhobo sonke sixabisa ngaphantsi kwe-3 yeedola. Kutshiphu ngokwaneleyo ukuphisa. Ukuba ufumene isixhobo esinjalo kum, oko kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ndizama ukukuchukumisa.
Yila kwaye wakhe
Ndiyile kwaye ndadibanisa yonke into ngokwam. Ngumsebenzi wam kwaye ndiyawuthanda, kwaye uninzi lomceli mngeni kukufumana iindawo ezingabizi ngokwaneleyo zokuzonwabisa.
Ukukhethwa kweprosesa yaba sesona sigqibo sibalulekileyo esichaphazela iindleko kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kweprojekthi. Emva kophando olubanzi, ndiye ndakhetha i-F1C100s, iprosesa eyaziwayo encinci evela kwi-Allwinner enexabiso eliphezulu (oko kukuthi, ngexabiso eliphantsi). Zombini i-RAM kunye ne-CPU zibekwe kwiphakheji enye. Ndithenge iiprosesa eTaobao. Onke amanye amacandelo athengwa kwi-LCSC.
Ndiyalele iibhodi kwi-JLC. Bandenzela iikopi ezili-8 ngee-$10. Umgangatho wabo uyamangalisa, ngakumbi ngexabiso; hayi icocekile njengeOSHPark's, kodwa isabonakala ilungile.
Ndenze ibhetshi yokuqala ibe mnyama. Zazikhangeleka zintle, kodwa zazingcole ngokulula.
Bekukho iingxaki ezimbalwa kwibhetshi yokuqala. Okokuqala, isinxibelelanisi se-USB sasingenaxesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba singene ngokukhuselekileyo kulo naliphi na izibuko le-USB. Okwesibini, iingoma ze-flash zenziwe ngokungalunganga, kodwa ndijikeleze oku ngokugoba abafowunelwa.
Emva kokujonga yonke into yayisebenza, ndayalela ibhetshi entsha yeebhodi; Unokubona ifoto yomnye wabo ekuqaleni kwenqaku.
Ngenxa yobuncinci bazo zonke ezi zinto zincinci, ndigqibe ekubeni ndibhenele kwi-reflow soldering usebenzisa . Ndinokufikelela kwi-laser cutter, ngoko ke ndiyisebenzise ukusika i-stencil ye-soldering kwifilimu ye-laminator. I-stencil yavela kakuhle. Imingxunya ye-0,2 mm ye-diameter yoqhagamshelwano lweprosesa ifuna ukunakekelwa okukhethekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa komgangatho ophezulu-kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukugxila ngokuchanekileyo kwi-laser kwaye ukhethe amandla ayo.
Ezinye iibhodi zisebenza kakuhle ukubamba ibhodi ngelixa usebenzisa intlama.
Ndasebenzisa i-solder paste kwaye ndabeka amacandelo ngesandla. Ndiye ndaqinisekisa ukuba ilothe ayizange isetyenziswe naphi na kwinkqubo - zonke iibhodi, amacandelo kunye nokuncamathisela kuyahlangabezana nomgangatho ukuze ndingatyiwa sisazela, xa ndithe ndazabela abantu kubo.
Ndenze impazamo encinci ngale batch, kodwa i-solder paste ixolela iimpazamo, kwaye yonke into ihambe kakuhle
Icandelo ngalinye lithathe malunga nemizuzwana ye-10 ukuya kwindawo, ngoko ke ndazama ukugcina inani lamacandelo lincinci. Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga noyilo lweemephu zinokufundwa kwenye .
Uluhlu lwezixhobo kunye neendleko
Ndabambelela kuqingqo-mali olungqongqo. Kwaye ikhadi leshishini lajika njengoko bekucetyiwe - andikhathali ukulinika! Ngokuqinisekileyo, andiyi kunika wonke umntu, kuba kuthatha ixesha ukwenza ikopi nganye, kwaye ixesha lam alithathelwa ngqalelo kwiindleko zekhadi lebhizinisi (luhlobo olukhululekile).
Icandelo
ixabiso
F1C100s
$1.42
PCB
$0.80
8MB isibane
$0.17
Onke amanye amacandelo
$0.49
Iyonke
$2.88
Ngokwemvelo, kukho neendleko ekunzima ukuzibala, ezifana nokuhanjiswa (ekubeni isasazwa phakathi kwamacandelo ajoliswe kwiiprojekthi ezininzi). Nangona kunjalo, kwibhodi exhasa iLinux, ngokuqinisekileyo iyabiza. Oku kuqhekeka kukwanika umbono olungileyo wokuba zixabisa malini na iinkampani ukwenza izixhobo kwelona xabiso liphantsi: unokuqiniseka ukuba kubiza iinkampani nangaphantsi kuneendleko ezindibiza ngayo!
Izixhobo
Ndithini? Iibhutsi zekhadi iLinux ehluthwe kakhulu kwimizuzwana emi-6. Ngenxa yefom yefom kunye neendleko, ikhadi alinayo i-I / O, inkxaso yenethiwekhi, okanye nayiphi na imali ebalulekileyo yokugcina ukuqhuba iinkqubo ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, ndikwazile ukukrazula iqela lezinto ezinomdla kumfanekiso we-firmware.
i-USB
Zininzi izinto ezipholileyo ezinokuthi zenziwe nge-USB, kodwa ndakhetha eyona ndlela ilula ukuze abantu babenakho ukuyifumana isebenze ukuba bagqibe kwelokuba bazame ikhadi lam leshishini. I-Linux ivumela ikhadi ukuba liziphathe "njengesixhobo" ngenkxaso . Ndithathe abanye abaqhubi kwiiprojekthi zangaphambili ezibandakanya le processor, ngoko ke ndinokufikelela kuyo yonke imisebenzi yesakhelo segajethi ye-USB. Ndigqibe ekubeni ndilinganise i-flash drive eyenziwe ngaphambili kwaye ndinike iqokobhe ufikelelo nge-serial port enenyani.
I-Shell
Emva kokungena njengengcambu, unokuqhuba ezi nkqubo zilandelayo kwi-serial console:
- i-rogue: umdlalo we-adventure ohambahambayo we-Unix;
- I-2048: umdlalo olula we-2048 kwimodi ye-console;
- ithamsanqa: imveliso yeentetho ezahlukeneyo zokuzenzisa. Ndigqibe ekubeni ndingabandakanyi yonke idatabase yocaphulo apha ukuze ndishiye indawo yezinye iimpawu;
- : Itoliki encinci kakhulu yePython.
Flash Drive Ukulinganisa
Ngexesha lokuhlanganiswa, izixhobo zokwakha zivelisa umfanekiso omncinci we-FAT32 kwaye uyongeze njengenye yezahlulo ze-UBI. Inkqubo ephantsi yeGajethi yeLinux ibonisa iPC yakhe njengesixhobo sokugcina.
Ukuba unomdla wokubona oko kubonakala kwi-flash drive, eyona ndlela ilula yokwenza oku kukufunda . Kukho neefoto ezininzi kunye ne-resume yam.
Izibonelelo
Imithombo
Umthi wam we-Buildroot ufakwe kwi-GitHub - . Kukho ikhowudi yokuvelisa umfanekiso we-NOR flash, ofakwe usebenzisa imowudi yokukhuphela ye-USB yeprosesa. Ikwanazo zonke iinkcazo zephakheji yemidlalo kunye nezinye iinkqubo endizityhalele kwi-Buildroot emva kokuba ndifumene yonke into isebenza. Ukuba unomdla ekusebenziseni i-F1C100s kwiprojekthi yakho, esi inokuba sisiqalo esihle (zive ukhululekile ).
ndidla ngoku I-Linux v4.9 ye-F1C100s yi-Icenowy, yenziwe ngokutsha kancinane. Ikhadi lam liqhuba phantse umgangatho we-v5.2. Ikwi-GitHub- .
Ndicinga ukuba ndinelona zibuko lihle le-U-Boot ye-F1C100s ehlabathini namhlanje, kwaye ngokuyinxenye isekwe kumsebenzi ka-Icenowy (okumangalisayo kukuba, ukufumana i-U-Boot isebenze kakuhle yayingumsebenzi okhathazayo). Ungayifumana kwi-GitHub- .
Amaxwebhu e-F1C100s
Ndifumene amaxwebhu amancinci e-F1C100s, kwaye ndiwathumela apha:
- - ulwazi jikelele kunye pinout.
- - iinkcazo zerejista ze-F1C600, eneneni efana ne-F1C100s, kodwa ithiywe ngenkxaso yeLinux ebhengeziweyo (ha!).
- Ndiboleke ulwazi olusuka kumzobo β ibhodi yophuhliso endiyisebenzisileyo ukumisela isoftware.
Ndiyifakela abo banomdla. .
isiphelo
Ndifunde okuninzi ngexesha lophuhliso lwale projekthi-yayiyiprojekthi yam yokuqala ndisebenzisa i-oveni yokuthambisa. Ndikwafunde nendlela yokufumana izixhobo zamacandelo anamaxwebhu ahlwempuzekileyo.
Ndisebenzise amava am akhoyo kunye neLinux edibeneyo kunye namava ophuhliso lwebhodi. Iprojekthi ayinaziphene, kodwa ibonisa zonke izakhono zam kakuhle.
Kwabo banomdla kwiinkcukacha zokusebenza kunye neLinux edibeneyo, ndicebisa ukuba ufunde uthotho lwamanqaku malunga noku: . Apho ndithetha banzi malunga nendlela yokudala isoftware kunye nehardware ukusuka ekuqaleni kwiinkqubo ezincinci kunye nezitshiphu zeLinux, ezifana nekhadi lam lokufowuna.
umthombo: www.habr.com