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Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)

Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)
Makhe siqwalasele ekusebenzeni ukusetyenziswa kweWindows Active Directory + NPS (iiseva ezi-2 zokuqinisekisa ukunyamezela impazamo) + 802.1x umgangatho wolawulo lokufikelela kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwabasebenzisi - iikhomputha zesizinda - izixhobo. Unokuqhelana nethiyori ngokwemigangatho yeWikipedia, kwikhonkco: IEEE 802.1X

Ekubeni "i-laboratory" yam ilinganiselwe kwizibonelelo, iindima ze-NPS kunye nomlawuli wesizinda ziyahambelana, kodwa ndincoma ukuba usahlule iinkonzo ezinjalo ezibalulekileyo.

Andazi iindlela ezisemgangathweni zokulungelelanisa ulungelelwaniso lweWindows NPS (imigaqo-nkqubo), ke siya kusebenzisa izikripthi zePowerShell eziqaliswe ngumcwangcisi womsebenzi (umbhali ngugxa wam wangaphambili). Ukuqinisekisa indawo yeekhompyuter kunye nezixhobo ezingenakho 802.1x (iifowuni, abashicileli, njl.njl.), inkqubo yeqela iya kuqwalaselwa kwaye amaqela okhuseleko ayakwenziwa.

Ekupheleni kwenqaku, ndiya kukuxelela malunga nezinye izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusebenza kunye ne-802.1x - ungasebenzisa njani iiswitshi ezingalawulwayo, ii-ACLs ezinamandla, njl. Ndiza kubelana ngolwazi malunga ne "glitches" ebanjwe .

Masiqale ngokufakela kunye nokuqwalasela i-failover NPS kwi-Windows Server 2012R2 (yonke into iyafana ngo-2016): ngokusebenzisa uMphathi weSeva -> Yongeza iindima kunye neWizard yeempawu, khetha kuphela iSeva yoMgaqo-nkqubo weNethiwekhi.

Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)

okanye usebenzisa iPowerShell:

Install-WindowsFeature NPAS -IncludeManagementTools

Ingcaciso encinane - ukususela ngenxa I-EAP ekhuselweyo (PEAP) ngokuqinisekileyo uyakufuna isatifikethi esiqinisekisa ubunyani bomncedisi (ngamalungelo afanelekileyo okusebenzisa), esiyakuthenjwa kwiikhompyuter zabaxumi, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uyifakele indima. Ugunyaziwe woqinisekiso. Kodwa siza kucinga ukuba CA sowuyifakile...

Masenze okufanayo kwiseva yesibini. Masenze ifolda yeC:Iskripthi seskripthi kuzo zombini iiseva kunye nefolda yenethiwekhi kwiseva yesibini SRV2NPS-config$

Masenze iskripthi sePowerShell kwiseva yokuqala C:IziBhalo zokuThumela ngaphandle-NPS-config.ps1 ngomxholo olandelayo:

Export-NpsConfiguration -Path "SRV2NPS-config$NPS.xml"

Emva koku, makhe siqwalasele umsebenzi kwiSheduli yoMsebenzi: "Thumela-NpsConfiguration"

powershell -executionpolicy unrestricted -f "C:ScriptsExport-NPS-config.ps1"

Baleka bonke abasebenzisi-Baleka ngamalungelo aphezulu
Mihla le - Phinda umsebenzi rhoqo ngemizuzu eyi-10. kwiiyure ezisi-8

Kugcino lwe-NPS, qwalasela ukungeniswa ngaphandle kolungelelwaniso (imigaqo-nkqubo):
Masenze iskripthi sePowerShell:

echo Import-NpsConfiguration -Path "c:NPS-configNPS.xml" >> C:ScriptsImport-NPS-config.ps1

kunye nomsebenzi wokuwenza rhoqo ngemizuzu eli-10:

powershell -executionpolicy unrestricted -f "C:ScriptsImport-NPS-config.ps1"

Baleka bonke abasebenzisi-Baleka ngamalungelo aphezulu
Mihla le - Phinda umsebenzi rhoqo ngemizuzu eyi-10. kwiiyure ezisi-8

Ngoku, ukujonga, masiyongeze kwi-NPS kwenye yeeseva (!) Iiswitshi ezimbalwa kubaxhasi be-RADIUS (i-IP kunye neMfihlo eKwabelwanayo), imigaqo-nkqubo emibini yesicelo soqhagamshelwano: WIRED-Qhagamshela (Umqathango: "Uhlobo lwe-NAS port yi-Ethernet") kunye WiFi-Ishishini (Umqathango: "Uhlobo lwe-NAS port yi-IEEE 802.11"), kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wenethiwekhi Fikelela Cisco Network Devices (Abalawuli beNethiwekhi):

Условия:
Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Windows - domainsg-network-admins
ΠžΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ:
ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ подлинности - ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ тСкстом (PAP, SPAP)
ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹:
Атрибуты RADIUS: Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚ - Service-Type - Login
ЗависящиС ΠΎΡ‚ поставщика - Cisco-AV-Pair - Cisco - shell:priv-lvl=15

Kwicala lokutshintsha, ezi zicwangciso zilandelayo:

aaa new-model
aaa local authentication attempts max-fail 5
!
!
aaa group server radius NPS
 server-private 192.168.38.151 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813 key %shared_secret%
 server-private 192.168.10.151 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813 key %shared_secret%
!
aaa authentication login default group NPS local
aaa authentication dot1x default group NPS
aaa authorization console
aaa authorization exec default group NPS local if-authenticated
aaa authorization network default group NPS
!
aaa session-id common
!
identity profile default
!
dot1x system-auth-control
!
!
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 5 0
 transport input ssh
 escape-character 99
line vty 5 15
 exec-timeout 5 0
 logging synchronous
 transport input ssh
 escape-character 99

Emva koqwalaselo, emva kwemizuzu eyi-10, zonke iiparameters zabathengi kufuneka zivele kwi-NPS yogcino kwaye siya kukwazi ukungena kwiiswitshi usebenzisa i-akhawunti ye-ActiveDirectory, ilungu leqela le-domainsg-network-admins (esiyidalile kwangaphambili).

Masiqhubele phambili ukuseta i-Active Directory - yenza imigaqo-nkqubo yeqela kunye nephasiwedi, yenza amaqela ayimfuneko.

Umgaqo-nkqubo weQela Iikhompyuter-8021x-Izicwangciso:

Computer Configuration (Enabled)
   Policies
     Windows Settings
        Security Settings
          System Services
     Wired AutoConfig (Startup Mode: Automatic)
Wired Network (802.3) Policies


NPS-802-1x

Name	NPS-802-1x
Description	802.1x
Global Settings
SETTING	VALUE
Use Windows wired LAN network services for clients	Enabled
Shared user credentials for network authentication	Enabled
Network Profile
Security Settings
Enable use of IEEE 802.1X authentication for network access	Enabled
Enforce use of IEEE 802.1X authentication for network access	Disabled
IEEE 802.1X Settings
Computer Authentication	Computer only
Maximum Authentication Failures	10
Maximum EAPOL-Start Messages Sent	 
Held Period (seconds)	 
Start Period (seconds)	 
Authentication Period (seconds)	 
Network Authentication Method Properties
Authentication method	Protected EAP (PEAP)
Validate server certificate	Enabled
Connect to these servers	 
Do not prompt user to authorize new servers or trusted certification authorities	Disabled
Enable fast reconnect	Enabled
Disconnect if server does not present cryptobinding TLV	Disabled
Enforce network access protection	Disabled
Authentication Method Configuration
Authentication method	Secured password (EAP-MSCHAP v2)
Automatically use my Windows logon name and password(and domain if any)	Enabled

Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)

Masenze iqela lokhuseleko sg-computers-8021x-vl100, apho siyakongeza iikhomputha esifuna ukuzihambisa kwi-vlan 100 kwaye siqwalasele ukucoca umgaqo-nkqubo weqela owenziwe ngaphambili weli qela:

Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)

Unokuqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo usebenze ngempumelelo ngokuvula "Iziko leNethiwekhi kunye noKwabelana (iNethiwekhi kunye neSetingi ze-Intanethi) - Ukutshintsha izicwangciso ze-adapter (Ukuqwalasela izicwangciso ze-adapter) - Iipropati ze-Adapter ", apho sinokubona ithebhu ethi "Ubuqinisekiso":

Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)

Xa uqinisekile ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo usetyenziswe ngempumelelo, ungaqhubeka nokuseka umgaqo-nkqubo wothungelwano kwi-NPS kunye nokufikelela kwinqanaba lokutshintsha amazibuko.

Masenze umgaqo-nkqubo wothungelwano i-nea-computers-8021x-vl100:

Conditions:
  Windows Groups - sg-computers-8021x-vl100
  NAS Port Type - Ethernet
Constraints:
  Authentication Methods - Microsoft: Protected EAP (PEAP) - Unencrypted authentication (PAP, SPAP)
  NAS Port Type - Ethernet
Settings:
  Standard:
   Framed-MTU 1344
   TunnelMediumType 802 (includes all 802 media plus Ethernet canonical format)
   TunnelPrivateGroupId  100
   TunnelType  Virtual LANs (VLAN)

Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)

Izicwangciso eziqhelekileyo ze-port yokutshintsha (nceda uqaphele ukuba "i-multi-domain" uhlobo lokuqinisekisa lusetyenziswa - iDatha & Voice, kwaye kukho kwakhona ukuqinisekiswa kwedilesi ye-mac Ngexesha "lotshintsho" kunengqiqo ukusebenzisa kwi iiparamitha:


authentication event fail action authorize vlan 100
authentication event no-response action authorize vlan 100

I-id ye-vlan ayisiyiyo "yokuvalelwa", kodwa ikwafanayo apho ikhompyuter yomsebenzisi kufuneka ihambe emva kokungena ngempumelelo - de siqiniseke ukuba yonke into isebenza njengoko kufanelekile. Ezi parameters ezifanayo zingasetyenziswa kwezinye iimeko, umzekelo, xa iswitshi engalawulwayo iplagwe kweli zibuko kwaye ufuna zonke izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kuyo ezingagqithanga uqinisekiso ukuba ziwele kwi-vlan ethile ("quarantine").

tshintsha izicwangciso zezibuko kwi-802.1x ye-host-mode ye-multi-domain mode

default int range Gi1/0/39-41
int range Gi1/0/39-41
shu
des PC-IPhone_802.1x
switchport mode access
switchport nonegotiate
switchport voice vlan 55
switchport port-security maximum 2
authentication event fail action authorize vlan 100
authentication event no-response action authorize vlan 100
authentication host-mode multi-domain
authentication port-control auto
authentication violation restrict
mab
dot1x pae authenticator
dot1x timeout quiet-period 15
dot1x timeout tx-period 3
storm-control broadcast level pps 100
storm-control multicast level pps 110
no vtp
lldp receive
lldp transmit
spanning-tree portfast
no shu
exit

Unokuqiniseka ukuba ikhompyuter yakho kunye nefowuni ziphumelele ukuqinisekiswa ngomyalelo:

sh authentication sessions int Gi1/0/39 det

Ngoku makhe iqela (umzekelo, sg-fgpp-mab ) kwi-Active Directory yeefowuni kwaye wongeze isixhobo esinye kuso sovavanyo (kwimeko yam Grandstream GXP2160 ngedilesi mas 000b.82ba.a7b1 kwaye resp. iakhawunti isizinda 00b82baa7b1).

Kwiqela elenziweyo, siya kuthoba iimfuno zomgaqo-nkqubo wegama lokugqitha (usebenzisa ImiGaqo-nkqubo Yegama Lokugqithisa Elilungileyo ngeZiko loLawulo loLawulo oluSebenzayo -> ithambeka -> Inkqubo -> Isetingi segama eligqithisiweyo Isingxobo) esinezi parameters zilandelayo Igama Lokugqithisa-Imimiselo-ye-MAB:

Ukuqwalasela i-802.1X kwi-Cisco Switches usebenzisa i-Failover NPS (iWindows RADIUS ene-AD)

Ngaloo ndlela, siya kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kweedilesi ze-mass njenge-passwords. Emva koku singenza umgaqo-nkqubo wothungelwano lwe-802.1x yendlela yokuqinisekisa i-mab, masiyibize nge-neag-devices-8021x-voice. Iiparamitha zezi zilandelayo:

  • Uhlobo lwePort yeNAS - Ethernet
  • Windows Groups – sg-fgpp-mab
  • Iintlobo ze-EAP: Uqinisekiso olungafihlwanga (PAP, SPAP)
  • Iimpawu zeRADIUS – kuMthengisi ngokuthe ngqo: Cisco – Cisco-AV-Pair – Ixabiso lophawu: isixhobo-traffic-class=voice

Emva kokuqinisekiswa okuyimpumelelo (ungalibali ukuqwalasela i-port yokutshintsha), makhe sijonge ulwazi oluvela kwizibuko:

sh uqinisekiso se int Gi1/0/34

----------------------------------------
            Interface:  GigabitEthernet1/0/34
          MAC Address:  000b.82ba.a7b1
           IP Address:  172.29.31.89
            User-Name:  000b82baa7b1
               Status:  Authz Success
               Domain:  VOICE
       Oper host mode:  multi-domain
     Oper control dir:  both
        Authorized By:  Authentication Server
      Session timeout:  N/A
         Idle timeout:  N/A
    Common Session ID:  0000000000000EB2000B8C5E
      Acct Session ID:  0x00000134
               Handle:  0xCE000EB3

Runnable methods list:
       Method   State
       dot1x    Failed over
       mab      Authc Success

Ngoku, njengoko kuthenjisiwe, makhe sijonge kwiimeko ezimbalwa ezingacacanga ngokupheleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, kufuneka sidibanise iikhomputha zomsebenzisi kunye nezixhobo ngokutshintshwa okungalawulwayo (ukutshintsha). Kulo mzekelo, izicwangciso zezibuko zayo ziya kujongeka ngolu hlobo:

tshintsha useto lwezibuko kwi-802.1x imowudi yenginginya yendlela yokubhala amaninzi

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
description *SW – 802.1x – 8 mac*
shu
switchport mode access
switchport nonegotiate
switchport voice vlan 55
switchport port-security maximum 8  ! ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»-Π²ΠΎ допустимых мас-адрСсов
authentication event fail action authorize vlan 100
authentication event no-response action authorize vlan 100
authentication host-mode multi-auth  ! – Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ
authentication port-control auto
authentication violation restrict
mab
dot1x pae authenticator
dot1x timeout quiet-period 15
dot1x timeout tx-period 3
storm-control broadcast level pps 100
storm-control multicast level pps 110
no vtp
spanning-tree portfast
no shu

PS siye saqaphela iglitch engaqhelekanga kakhulu - ukuba isixhobo besidityaniswe ngotshintsho olunjalo, kwaye emva koko sahlohlwa kwiswitshi elawulwayo, AYISAYI ukusebenza side siqalise (!) iswitshi.. Andifumananga naziphi na ezinye iindlela. ukusombulula le ngxaki okwangoku.

Enye inqaku enxulumene ne-DHCP (ukuba ip dhcp snooping isetyenzisiwe) - ngaphandle kokhetho olunjalo:

ip dhcp snooping vlan 1-100
no ip dhcp snooping information option

Ngesizathu esithile andikwazi ukufumana idilesi ye-IP ngokuchanekileyo ... nangona le nto ingaba yinto yomncedisi wethu we-DHCP

Kwaye iMac OS & Linux (enenkxaso ye-802.1x yemveli) zama ukungqina umsebenzisi, nokuba uqinisekiso ngedilesi yeMac luqwalaselwe.

Kwinxalenye elandelayo yenqaku, siza kujonga ukusetyenziswa kwe-802.1x ye-Wireless (kuxhomekeke kwiqela apho i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi iphuma kuyo, siya "kuyiphosa" kwinethiwekhi ehambelanayo (vlan), nangona baya kudibanisa i-SSID efanayo).

umthombo: www.habr.com

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