Sonke siqhele into enjalo kwi-smartphone njenge-NFC. Kwaye yonke into ibonakala icacile ngale nto.
Abantu abaninzi abazithengi ii-smartphones ngaphandle kwe-NFC, becinga ukuba kukuthenga kuphela. Kodwa kukho imibuzo emininzi.
Kodwa ngaba uyazi ukuba yintoni enye into enokuyenza le teknoloji? Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba i-smartphone yakho ayinayo i-NFC? Uyisebenzisa njani i-chip kwi-iPhone hayi kwi-Apple Pay kuphela? Kutheni ingasebenzi, ngakumbi ngamakhadi eHlabathi?
Ungahlawulisa izixhobo ngayo...
Namhlanje siza kukuxelela indlela esebenza ngayo kwaye sijonge zonke iinkcukacha. Kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kutheni iteknoloji iphantsi kakhulu kwi-smartphone yakho!
Isebenza njani i-NFC?
Mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba i-NFC imele uNxibelelwano lweNdawo ekufutshane okanye ngesiRashiya-unxibelelwano olufutshane.
Kodwa oku ayikokudluliselwa kwedatha eqhelekileyo kumaza kanomathotholo. Ngokungafaniyo ne-Wi-Fi kunye neBluetooth, i-NFC iphucuke ngakumbi. Isekwe kwi-electromagnetic induction. Le yinto epholileyo kakhulu evela kwikharityhulam yesikolo, mandikukhumbuze.
Ingcamango kukuba uthatha i-conductor enye engenawo umbane. Kwaye ubeka i-conductor yesibini ecaleni kwayo, equlethe umbane. Kwaye qikelela ntoni? Kwi-conductor yokuqala, apho kwakungekho mbane, i-current iqala ukuhamba!
Kulungile, ewe?
Ukuqala kwethu ukuva ngayo, sasicinga ukuba akunakwenzeka! Ngokunyanisekileyo? Uyaqhuba! Masihambe siye kudlala i-Counter Strike, makhwenkwe.
Ewe, xa uzisa i-smartphone yakho kwithegi ye-NFC ngaphandle kwamandla, le ndawo incinci ye-electromagnetic evela kwi-smartphone yanele ukuba ii-electron zihambe ngaphakathi kwithegi kunye nee-microcircuits ngaphakathi kuyo ukuze zisebenze.
Oh ewe. Ithegi nganye inetshiphu encinci. Ngokomzekelo, kumakhadi ebhanki i-microchip iqhuba kunye nenguqulo elula yeJava. Injani?
Usenokuba usivile isishunqulelo esithi RFID. Yaphuhliswa kwiminyaka engama-30 ngaphambili. Imele iRadio Frequency Identification. Kwaye eneneni ifanelekile kuphela ukuchongwa. Amaziko amaninzi eofisi asenazo iibheji zeRFID.
Ke i-NFC lisebe eliphambili lomgangatho weRFID kwaye ifunda ezinye zezi thegi. Kodwa umahluko omkhulu kukuba i-NFC inokuphinda idlulise idatha, kubandakanywa nezo zifihliweyo.
I-NFC isebenza kwi-frequency ye-13,56 MHz, ekuvumela ukuba ufezekise isantya esihle ukusuka kwi-106 ukuya kwi-424 Kbps. Ke ifayile ye-mp3 iya kukhuphela kwimizuzu embalwa, kodwa kumgama wokuya kuthi ga kwi-10 cm.
Ngokwasemzimbeni, i-NFC yikhoyili encinci. Umzekelo, kwiPixel 4 iqhotyoshelwe kwisiciko kwaye ibonakala ngolu hlobo.
Kwaye ke kwi-Xiaomi Mi 10 Pro:
Kwaye ngoku lixesha lokuthetha malunga neNFC enokuyenza?
Ukusebenza kobu buchwepheshe kunye nezinye ezinxulumene nazo, ezifana ne-RFID, zichazwe kumgangatho ISO 14443. Kusekho izinto ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo: umzekelo, i-Italian Mifare protocol kunye ne-VME zikumakhadi ebhanki.
I-NFC luhlobo lwe-USB Type-C yehlabathi engenazingcingo, ukuba uyayazi into endiyithethayo.
Kodwa eyona nto iphambili yile. I-NFC inokusebenza ngeendlela ezintathu:
- Iyasebenza. Xa isixhobo sifunda okanye sibhala idata kwithegi okanye ikhadi. Ngendlela, ewe, idatha ingabhalwa kwiithegi ze-NFC.
- Ukutshintshela phakathi kwezixhobo zoontanga. Oku kuxa uqhagamshela ii-headphones ezingenazingcingo kwi-smartphone yakho okanye usebenzise i-Android Beam - khumbula oku. Apho, uxhulumaniso lwenzeka nge-NFC, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwefayile ngokwayo kwenzeka ngeBluetooth.
- Passive. Xa isixhobo sethu sizenza ngathi siyinto nje: ikhadi lokuhlawula okanye ikhadi lokuhamba.
Kutheni i-NFC ukuba kukho iBluetooth kunye ne-Wi-Fi, kuba zinesantya kunye noluhlu.
Iibhonasi zeNFC zezi zilandelayo:
- Uqhagamshelo olukhawulezileyo - isinye kwishumi sesibini.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi - 15 mA. IBluetooth inokufikelela kwi-40 mA.
- Iithegi azifuni amandla azo.
- Kwaye akukho nto icacileyo - uluhlu olufutshane, oluyimfuneko kukhuseleko kunye nentlawulo.
Kukwakho neBluetooth Low Energy, kodwa libali elahlukileyo elo.
Yantoni? Isinika ntoni le nto?
Ukongeza kwimiba esele icacile: ukudlula, iintlawulo kunye namakhadi okuhamba, kukho izicelo ezinokubeka imali kwikhadi leTroika kunye namanye amakhadi okuthutha.
Kukho isicelo - Umfundi wekhadi leBhanki. Umzekelo, inokubonisa iitransekshini zekhadi zamva nje. Andiqinisekanga ukuba oku kusesikweni kakhulu, kodwa isicelo sikwi-Play Market.
Ngendlela, abantu abaninzi banomdla wokuba kutheni uGoogle kunye neApple Pay zingasebenzi ngeMir cards? Ayingombandela weempawu zobugcisa. Inkqubo yentlawulo ayizange ivumelane neenkonzo. Unokuhlawula ngesicelo sakho se-Android-World Pay. Kuyinyani ukuba ibuggy, kodwa ayisebenzi nge-iPhone kwaphela!
Kakade ke, ubomi hack. Ukuba i-Android yakho ayinayo i-NFC, kodwa ufuna ngokwenene ukuhlawula, kufuneka wenze ntoni? Ungalifaka ikhadi phantsi kwekhava. Qhagamshelana nathi. Kuyinyani, iimeko ezishinyeneyo zisenokungadluliseli namaza e-NFC eyakhelweyo- ke jonga.
Sele sithethile malunga nezixhobo, kodwa kukho inxalenye yesibini ebalulekileyo - iithegi ze-NFC. Baza kwiindidi ezimbini.
- Ezo unokurekhoda ulwazi. Zijongeka njengezincamathelisi ezincinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo imemori ekhoyo imalunga nama-700 bytes. Ezifanayo zaveliswa nguSony.
Ungagcina isixa sezinto apha, umzekelo:
- Ukufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi yeendwendwe
- Bhala phantsi iinkcukacha zakho zoqhagamshelwano kwaye uyisebenzise njengekhadi leshishini
- Seta i-smartphone yakho ukuba ingene kwimodi yokulala ebusuku kwindawo yakho yasebusuku
- Unako kwakhona ukugcina idatha ethile kuyo, umzekelo igama lokugqitha okanye ithokheni yeBitCoin. Ingcono kuphela kwifomu efihliweyo.
Le thegi inokufundwa ngayo nayiphi na ifowuni ene-NFC.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba awunazo iithegi ze-NFC? Ungaziodola, zibiza iipeni.
Kodwa unokuthatha ikhadi lebhanki eliqhelekileyo okanye ikhadi lezothutho, njengeTroika. Ezi ziithegi zabucala. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo likhadi lakho lebhanki. Awunakubhala nto kuzo.
Kodwa i-smartphone yakho inokucwangciswa ukuba yenze nantoni na xa into enjalo isetyenziswa kuyo.
Ukuba unayo i-Android, ungafaka isicelo ngokomzekelo okanye . Kuzo unganikezela malunga nezenzo ezifanayo kwiithegi ze-NFC. Vula i-Wi-Fi kwaye ufowune / uvale, uqalise izicelo, uvule imodi yasebusuku. Umzekelo, unokwenza ukuba xa ubeka ifowuni yakho kwikhadi leTroika, yakho . Ndicebisa!
Ngendlela, yile nto imixholo yeTroika ibonakala ngathi.
Unokufunda naku malunga nomfana owafakela ithegi ye-NFC esandleni sakhe.
Yintoni enye enokusetyenziselwa yona i-NFC?
Enye yezinto ezithembisayo ngamatikiti e-elektroniki. Ukuya kwi-cinema okanye kwiikonsathi. Ngoku bayenza ngekhowudi ye-QR kwaye ayisiyonto ipholileyo, ngombono wam. Nangona izigidi zamaTshayina aziyi kuvumelana nam.
Malunga Apple
Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba unayo i-iPhone? Wonke umntu ucinga ukuba i-NFC ikhubazekile kwi-iPhone, kodwa oko akuyonyani. Ukuqala nge-iOS 11, oko kukuthi, ukususela ngo-2017, i-Apple ivule ukufikelela kubaphuhlisi. Kwaye sele zininzi izicelo ezifanayo nakwi-Android. Umzekelo, izixhobo zeNFC.
Enyanisweni, kusekho izithintelo: izithuthi kunye namakhadi ebhanki, umzekelo, akakwazi ukuskenwa. Sifuna iithegi ezikhethekileyo, esele sithethe ngazo.
Kwenziwe ntoni? I-iOS 13 yazisa uphawu lweMiyalelo (Siri). Kwaye ngoku unokufikelela kuzo naziphi na iithegi ze-NFC. Ke apha unokuqwalasela ukuqaliswa komculo usebenzisa ikhadi leTroika. Okanye vula ibhalbhu ehlakaniphile. Okanye iqela lezinye izinto. Amaqela ayinto yebhombu ngokwenene. Andiqondi ukuba kutheni i-Android ingenayo le nto okwangoku.
Ukuhlawula
Ukuba ngeli xesha ugqibe ekubeni wazi yonke into nge-NFC kwaye udiniwe zezi zicelo zibuthuntu. Ke nantsi into eqhumayo kuwe.
Kukho umbutho obizwa ngokuba yiNFC Forum eqinisekisa i-NFC. Ngokubanzi, yonke iteknoloji inombutho onjalo, kwaye kulungile ukuba kukho enye kuphela.
Kwaye ngenye imini bakhuphe olunye uhlaziyo kwinqanaba. Kwaye qikelela ntoni? I-NFC ngoku ixhasa ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo. Ewe, eneneni, le yindlela yesine yokusebenza.
Ubuza ntoni? Ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, khumbula? Ngoncedo lwakhe.
Ngendlela, ukutshaja kwe-Qi kusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kumgaqo ofanayo. Kuphela kukho ikhoyili enkulu.
Kodwa kukho ingxaki enye. Ikhoyili ye-NFC incinci, oku kuthetha ukuba amandla okutshaja aphantsi - kuphela i-1 Watt.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuhlawula i-smartphone ngesi santya? Ungakhe uzame. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wale nto awuzange uyilwe.
Eyona njongo iphambili ichasene ngqo - ukutshaja ezinye izixhobo nge-smartphone. Oku kufana nokutshaja kwakhona kwiGalaxy kunye nezinye ii-smartphones. Ngokomzekelo, unokunika amandla ii-headphones ezingenazintambo ngokwazo, kwaye kungekhona imeko kubo. Ngokusisiseko, sinetshaja engabizi kakhulu engenazingcingo efumaneka kuyo nayiphi na i-smartphone kwaye inokufakwa ngokulula kuso nasiphi na isixhobo esikrelekrele.
Ngendlela, i-1 Watt ayincinci kakhulu. Ukuthelekisa, zonke ii-iPhones ngaphandle kwe-11 Pro zisebenzisa i-5-watt tshaja. Kwaye amandla okubuyisela umva ukutshaja okungenazingcingo kwiiflegi zanamhlanje ziguquguquka malunga ne-5 okanye i-7 W.
Kodwa kukho into enye - eli nqaku aliyi kusebenza kwiimodeli zangoku. Ii-smartphones ezinophawu olunjalo ziya kuqala ukubonakala ngonyaka onesiqingatha. Ke hlala ujonge intengiso ye-Samsung le nto.
Ibhonasi kwabo bagqiba ukufunda
Siyazi ukuba uyaluthanda uhlalutyo lwethu oluneenkcukacha, kodwa siqinisekile ukuba unombono weevidiyo ezinjalo, kwaye mhlawumbi iskripthi esele senziwe. Ngoko ke, ukuba unombono, uyasiqonda isihloko kwaye ulungele ukwenza uhlalutyo kunye nathi - bhala kwi-imeyile yethu entsha [imeyile ikhuselwe]. Ngokuqinisekileyo siya kwenza ividiyo epholileyo!
umthombo: www.habr.com