Kwiveki ephelileyo, iSiseko seLinux ngexesha leNgqungquthela yobuNkokeli boMthombo oVulekileyo ekudalweni kwengxowa-mali entsha yeeprojekthi zoMthombo oVulekileyo. Elinye iziko elizimeleyo lophuhliso lobuchwephesha obuvulekileyo [kunye noshishino olufunwayo] lwenzelwe ukudibanisa izixhobo zeenjineli ze-DevOps, kwaye ngokuchanekileyo, ukulungiselela nokuphumeza iinkqubo eziqhubekayo zokuhanjiswa kunye nemibhobho ye-CI / CD. Umbutho wawubizwa ngokuba: The (CDF).
Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba kutheni iziseko ezinjalo zidalwe phantsi kombutho wabazali weLinux Foundation, jonga nje umzekelo owaziwa kakhulu - CNCF (Cloud Native Computing Foundation). Le ngxowa-mali yavela ngo-2015 kwaye ukusukela ngoko yamkele iiprojekthi ezininzi zoMthombo oVulekileyo ezichaza ngokwenyani imeko yangoku yeziseko ze-IT zamafu: I-Kubernetes, i-container, i-Prometheus, njl.
Umbutho ngokwawo usebenza njengeqonga elizimeleyo ngokwesiseko apho ezi projekthi zilawulwa kwaye ziphuhliswe ngokusemdleni wabathathi-nxaxheba abahlukeneyo beemarike. Ngenxa yale njongo, iikomiti zobugcisa kunye neentengiso zenziwe kwi-CNCF, imigangatho ethile kunye nemithetho yamkelwe. (ukuba unomdla kwiinkcukacha, sincoma ukufunda, umzekelo, )... Kwaye, njengoko sibona kwimizekelo "ephilayo", isikimu sisebenza: iiprojekthi eziphantsi kwesebe le-CNCF zikhula ngakumbi kwaye zizuze ukuthandwa kwishishini, zombini phakathi kwabasebenzisi bokugqibela naphakathi kwabaphuhlisi abathatha inxaxheba ekuphuhlisweni kwabo.
Ukulandela le mpumelelo (emva koko, ezininzi iiprojekthi zefu ze-CNCF sele ziyinxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla yeenjineli ze-DevOps), iindlela eziqhelekileyo kwi-IT kunye nokubonakaliswa kwazo kwihlabathi loMthombo oVulekileyo, iSiseko seLinux sagqiba ekubeni "sihlale" (okanye ingachaneka ngakumbi ukuthi “nyusa”) niche entsha:
“I-Continuous Delivery Foundation (CDF) iya kuba likhaya elingathathi hlangothi kwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo zoMthombo oVulekileyo ezinikezelwe kunikezelo oluqhubekayo kunye neenkcukacha ezikhawulezisa iinkqubo zemibhobho. I-CDF iya kuququzelela intsebenziswano yabaphuhlisi abakhokelayo, abasebenzisi bokugqibela kunye nabathengisi abavela kwishishini, ukukhuthaza iindlela ze-CI / CD kunye ne-DevOps, ichaze kwaye ibhale ezona ndlela zibalaseleyo, idale izikhokelo kunye nezixhobo zoqeqesho eziza kwenza amaqela ophuhliso lwesoftware avela naphi na emhlabeni ukuba aphumeze iCI. /Ezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zeCD." .
Umbono
Amanani angundoqo kunye nemigaqo ekhokela i-CDF okwangoku ukuba umbutho:
- ... ikholelwa kumandla onikezelo oluqhubekayo kunye nendlela exhobisa ngayo abaphuhlisi kunye namaqela ukukhulula isoftware ekumgangatho ophezulu rhoqo;
- …ikholelwa kwizisombululo zemithombo evulelekileyo ezinokusetyenziswa kunye kuwo wonke umjikelo wokuhanjiswa kwesoftware;
- ... ihlakulela kwaye ixhase i-ikhosistim yeeprojekthi ze-Open Source ezizimeleyo kubathengisi ngentsebenziswano kunye nokuhambelana;
- ...ikhuthaza kwaye ikhuthaza abasebenzi bonikezelo rhoqo ukuba basebenzisane, babelane kwaye baphucule imisebenzi yabo.
Abathathi-nxaxheba kunye neeprojekthi
Kodwa amagama amnandi luninzi lwabathengisi, abangasoloko behambelana nento eyenzekayo ngokwenyani. Kwaye ngale ngqiqo, imbono yokuqala yombutho inokwenziwa ukuba yeyiphi na iinkampani ezakhayo kwaye zeziphi iiprojekthi eziye zaba "yizibulo" layo.
Awona malungu aphambili eCDF ngala , ezizezi: I-Capital One, enye yeebhanki eziphezulu ze-10 zase-US, kunye nabameli boshishino abaqhelekileyo kwiinjineli ze-IT kumntu we-CircleCI, CloudBees, Google, Huawei, IBM, JFrog kunye neNetflix. Abanye babo sele bethethile ngesiganeko esibaluleke kangaka kwiibhlog zabo, kodwa ngaphezulu apha ngezantsi.
Abathathi-nxaxheba CDF kwakhona ziquka abasebenzisi ekupheleni iiprojekthi zayo - i CNCF has a udidi efanayo, apho ungafumana eBay, Pinterest, Twitter, Wikimedia kunye nabanye abaninzi. Kwimeko yengxowa-mali entsha, kukho abathathi-nxaxheba be-15 kuphela ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kodwa amagama anomdla kwaye awaziwayo sele evele phakathi kwabo: I-Autodesk, i-GitLab, i-Puppet, i-Rancher, i-Red Hat, i-SAP kwaye yajoyina ngokoqobo. Sysdig.
Ngoku, mhlawumbi, malunga neyona nto iphambili - malunga neeprojekthi apho i-CDF iphathiswe ngononophelo. Ngexesha lokudalwa kombutho kwakukho ezine zazo:
UJenkins kunye noJenkins X
yinkqubo yeCI/CD engafunekiyo nayiphi na intshayelelo eyodwa, ebhalwe kwiJava, kwaye ibikho iminyaka emininzi. (khawucinge nje: ukukhululwa kokuqala - ngendlela ye-Hudson - kwenzeka kwiminyaka eyi-14 edlulileyo!), apho ifumene umkhosi ongenakubalwa weeplagi.
Isakhiwo esiphambili sorhwebo emva kweJenkins namhlanje sinokuqwalaselwa CloudBees, umlawuli wakhe wezobugcisa ungumbhali wokuqala weprojekthi (uKohsuke Kawaguchi) kwaye waba ngumnye wabasunguli besiseko.
- le projekthi ikwatyala kakhulu kwi-CloudBees (njengoko unokuqikelela, abaphuhlisi bayo abaphambili kubasebenzi benkampani enye), nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo neJenkins ngokwayo, isisombululo sitsha ngokupheleleyo - sinonyaka kuphela.
I-Jenkins X inikezela ngesisombululo se-turnkey sokuququzelela i-CI / i-CD yezicelo zefu zanamhlanje ezifakwe ngaphakathi kwamaqela e-Kubernetes. Ukufezekisa oku, i-JX ibonelela nge-automation yombhobho, ukuphunyezwa kwe-GitOps eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, ukukhulula iindawo zokujonga kwangaphambili, kunye nezinye iimpawu. Uyilo lweJenkins X lunikezelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Isitaki seMveliso-iJenkins, i-Knative Build, i-Prow, i-Skaffold kunye ne-Helm. Okunye malunga neprojekthi thina kwi hub.
Ispinnaker
liqonga lokuhambisa eliqhubekayo elenziwe yiNetflix eyavulwa ngo-2015. I-Google okwangoku ibandakanyeka ngokusebenzayo ekuphuhlisweni kwayo: ngemigudu yabo edibeneyo, imveliso iphuhliswa njengesisombululo semibutho emikhulu apho amaqela e-DevOps akhonza amaqela amaninzi ophuhliso.
Iingcamango eziphambili kwi-Spinnaker kwiinkonzo ezichazayo zizicelo, amaqela kunye namaqela eseva, kwaye ukufumaneka kwabo kwihlabathi langaphandle kulawulwa ngabalinganisi bomthwalo kunye ne-firewall:
Ulwazi oluninzi malunga nesixhobo esisisiseko seSpinnaker sinokufumaneka kwi .
Iqonga likuvumela ukuba usebenze ngeendawo ezahlukeneyo zamafu kubandakanya i-Kubernetes, i-OpenStack kunye nababoneleli belifu abahlukeneyo (AWS EC2, GCE, GKE, GAE, Azure, Oracle Cloud Infrastructure), kunye nokudibanisa neemveliso ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkonzo:
- kunye neenkqubo zeCI (Jenkins, Travis CI) kwiipayipi;
- kunye neDatadog, iPrometheus, i-Stackdriver kunye ne-SignalFx - yokubeka iliso kwiziganeko;
- kunye ne-Slack, i-HipChat kunye ne-Twilio - yezaziso;
- kunye Packer, Chef kunye Puppet - koomatshini virtual.
Nantso into kwiNetflix malunga nokubandakanywa kweSpinnaker kwingxowa-mali entsha:
“Impumelelo kaSpinnaker ibangelwe kakhulu luluntu oluhle lweenkampani nabantu abayisebenzisayo nabanegalelo kuphuhliso lwayo. Ukudluliselwa kweSpinnaker kwiCDF kuya komeleza olu luntu. Eli nyathelo liza kukhuthaza utshintsho kunye notyalo-mali oluvela kwezinye iinkampani ebezibukele ecaleni. Ukuvula umnyango kwiinkampani ezintsha kuya kuzisa into entsha kwiSpinnaker eya kunceda wonke umntu. ”
Ngaphakathi ngesihlandlo sokuyilwa kweSiseko esiQhubelekayo sokuHanjiswa, kuye kwaphawulwa ngokwahlukileyo ukuba “iSpinnaker yinkqubo yamacandelo amaninzi engqinelanayo neTekton.” Oku kusizisa kwiprojekthi yokugqibela ebandakanyiweyo kwingxowa-mali entsha.
Itekon
- isakhelo esinikezelwe ngendlela yamacandelo aqhelekileyo okudala kunye nokulinganisa iinkqubo ze-CI / CD ezithetha ukusebenza kwemibhobho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa noomatshini abaqhelekileyo, abangasebenzi kunye ne-Kubernetes.
La macandelo ngokwawo ayimithombo ye-“Kubernetes-style” (emiliselwe kwii-K8s ngokwayo njenge-CRDs) esebenza njengeebhloko zokwakha zokuchaza imibhobho. Umboniso omfutshane wokusetyenziswa kwazo kwiqela le-K8s ubonisiwe .
Isitaki semveliso esixhaswa nguTekton siya kubonakala siqhelekile: Jenkins, Jenkins X, Skaffold and Knative. UGoogle Cloud ukholelwa ukuba iTekton iyasombulula "ingxaki yoluntu loMthombo oVulekileyo kunye nabathengisi abakhokelayo abasebenza kunye ukuze baphucule isiseko se-CI / CD."
...
Ngokufaniswa ne-CNCF, i-CDF idale ikomiti yobugcisa (iKomiti yoBuchule bokuLawula, i-TOC), uxanduva olubandakanya ukuqwalasela imiba (kunye nokwenza izigqibo) malunga nokubandakanywa kweeprojekthi ezintsha kwingxowa-mali. Olunye ulwazi malunga nombutho ngokwawo hayi kakhulu okwangoku, kodwa oku kuqhelekile kwaye ngumcimbi wexesha kuphela.
Masigqibe ngesicatshulwa esisuka :
“Ngoku, njengenye yeenkampani ezisandul’ ukusekwa eziSiseko esiQhubelekayo, siya kuthatha ukuzibophelela kwethu [ekudaleni itekhnoloji ekhoyo jikelele ekuxhaseni kwayo ezinye izisombululo zeCI/CD] ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Lo mbutho omtsha uya kuqhuba imigangatho yonikezelo oluqhubekayo oluya kukhawulezisa umjikelo wokukhutshwa kwesoftware ngokusebenzisa indlela yokusebenzisana nevulekileyo. Ngokwamkelwa kweJenkins, Jenkins X, Spinnaker kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuphantsi kwephiko lesi siseko, sibona ikamva eliqaqambileyo leCI / CD!
PS
Funda nakwibhlog yethu:
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umthombo: www.habr.com