Eli nqaku labhalwa iminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, xa uvimba umthunywa weTelegram waxoxwa ngenkuthalo kuluntu kwaye uqulethe iingcamango zam kulo mbandela. Kwaye nangona namhlanje esi sihloko siphantse salibaleka, ndiyathemba ukuba mhlawumbi kuya kuba nomdla kumntu
Lo mbhalo uvele ngenxa yeengcamango zam ngesihloko sokhuseleko lwedijithali, kwaye ndathandabuza ixesha elide ukuba ngaba kufanelekile ukupapasha. Ngethamsanqa, kukho inani elikhulu leengcali eziqonda ngokuchanekileyo zonke iingxaki, kwaye andinakukwazi ukubaxelela nantoni na entsha. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwabo, kukho inani elikhulu labavakalisi kunye nezinye iiblogi ezingenzi iimpazamo kuphela, kodwa zinika inani elikhulu leentsomi kunye namanqaku abo.
Akuyomfihlo ukuba ezinye iinkanuko ezinzulu ziye zagquba kwindawo yemidlalo yedijithali mva nje. Thina, ngokuqinisekileyo, sithetha enye yezona zihloko ezixoxwe kakhulu kwi-modernity yaseRashiya, oko kukuthi ukuvinjelwa komthunywa weTelegram.
Abachasi bokuthintela babonisa oku njengongquzulwano phakathi komntu norhulumente, inkululeko yokuthetha kunye nolawulo olupheleleyo kumntu ngamnye. Abaxhasi, ngokuchaseneyo, bakhokelwa yingqwalasela yokhuseleko loluntu kunye nokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezakhiwo zobunqolobi.
Okokuqala, makhe sicinge ukuba sisebenza njani kanye kanye umthunywa weTelegram. Singaya kwiphepha labo lasekhaya kwaye sifunde malunga nendlela abazibeka ngayo. Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokusebenzisa esi sisombululo siya kuba kukugxininiswa okungaguqukiyo kukhuseleko lomsebenzisi wokugqibela. Kodwa iyintoni kanye kanye intsingiselo yoku?
Njengakwezinye iinkonzo ezininzi zoluntu, idatha yakho idluliselwa kwifom efihliweyo, kodwa kuphela kwiiseva eziphambili, apho zikwifomu evuleke ngokupheleleyo kwaye nawuphi na umlawuli, ukuba ufuna ngokwenene, unokubona yonke imbalelwano yakho ngokulula. Ngaba unawo nawaphi na amathandabuzo? Emva koko cinga malunga nendlela umsebenzi wongqamaniso phakathi kwezixhobo ophunyezwa ngayo. Ukuba idatha iyimfihlo, ifika njani kwisixhobo sesithathu? Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, awuboneleli naziphi na izitshixo zomxhasi ezikhethekileyo zokuguqulelwa kwekhowudi.
Umzekelo, njengoko kusenziwa kwinkonzo yemeyile yeProtonMail, apho usebenza khona ngenkonzo kufuneka unikeze isitshixo esigcinwe kumatshini wakho wasekhaya nesisetyenziswa sisikhangeli ukucima imiyalezo kwibhokisi yakho yeposi.
Kodwa akukho lula ngolo hlobo. Ukongeza kwiingxoxo eziqhelekileyo, kukho kwakhona eziyimfihlo. Apha imbalelwano yenziwa kuphela phakathi kwezixhobo ezibini kwaye akukho ntetho yayo nayiphi na ungqamaniso. Eli nqaku lifumaneka kuphela kubathengi beselula, kunye ne-screenshots yengxoxo itshixiwe kwinqanaba le-app kwaye incoko itshatyalalisiwe emva kwexesha elimiselweyo. Kwicala lobugcisa, idatha isahamba ngeeseva eziphakathi, kodwa ayigcinwanga apho. Ngaphezu koko, ukuzisindisa ngokwako akunantsingiselo, kuba ngabathengi kuphela abanezitshixo zokuguqulela kwikhowudi, kunye netrafikhi efihliweyo ayiloxabiso elithile.
Esi sikimu siya kusebenza okoko nje abathengi kunye neseva beyiphumeza ngokunyanisekileyo kwaye okoko nje kungekho ntlobo ngeentlobo zeenkqubo kwisixhobo esithumela izikrini zesikrini sakho kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho. Ngoko mhlawumbi isizathu sokungathandi okunjalo kweTelegram kwicala lee-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kufuneka kufunwe kwiingxoxo eziyimfihlo? Oku, ngokokubona kwam, yingcambu yokungaqondi kakuhle kwabantu abaninzi. Kwaye asiyi kukwazi ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo isizathu soku kungaqondani de siqonde ukuba yintoni i-encryption ngokubanzi kwaye ijoliswe kubani ukukhusela idatha yakho.
Masithi umhlaseli ufuna ukuthumela umyalezo oyimfihlo kubahlobo bakhe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kufanelekile ukuyikhathaza kwaye uyidlale ngokukhuselekileyo. Ngaba iTelegram ukhetho olunjalo olulungileyo ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ingcali yokhuseleko lolwazi? Hayi akunjalo. Ndixoxa ukuba ukusebenzisa nasiphi na isithunywa esithandwayo ngoko nangoko kolona khetho lubi kakhulu onokuthi ulukhethe.
Ingxaki ephambili kukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuthumela imiyalezo, apho imbalelwano yakho iya kukhangelwa kuqala. Kwaye nokuba ikhuselwe ngokwaneleyo, inyani yobukho bayo inokukubeka esichengeni. Masikukhumbuze ukuba uqhagamshelo phakathi kwabathengi lusenzeka ngeeseva eziphakathi kwaye, ubuncinci, inyani yokuthumela umyalezo phakathi kwabasebenzisi ababini isenokuqinisekiswa. Ke ngoko, akukho ngqiqweni ukusebenzisa i-imeyile, iinethiwekhi zentlalo kunye naziphi na ezinye iinkonzo zoluntu.
Ungacwangcisa njani ke imbalelwano ehlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zokhuseleko? Njengenxalenye yokuphonononga kwethu, siya kulahla ngamabomu zonke iindlela ezingekho mthethweni okanye eziphikisanayo ukuze sibonise ukuba ingxaki ingasonjululwa kuphela kwisakhelo somthetho. Akukho spyware, hacker okanye nzima-to-ukufumana software efunekayo.
Phantse zonke izixhobo zibandakanyiwe kwiseti yezixhobo ezisemgangathweni eziza nayo nayiphi na inkqubo ye-GNU/Linux, kwaye ukuvalwa kwazo kuya kuthetha ukuvalwa kweekhompyuter ngolo hlobo.
IWebhu yeHlabathi eBanzi ifana newebhu enkulu yeeseva, idla ngokuqhuba inkqubo yokusebenza ye-GNU/Linux kuzo kunye nemithetho yokuhambisa iipakethe phakathi kwezi seva. Uninzi lwezi seva azifumaneki kuqhagamshelo oluthe ngqo, nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwazo, kukho izigidi ezingaphezulu zeeseva ezineedilesi ezifikelelekayo ezisisebenzela sonke, zidlula kwisixa esikhulu setrafikhi. Kwaye akukho mntu uya kuze ajonge imbalelwano yakho phakathi kwazo zonke ezi ziphithiphithi, ngakumbi ukuba aziveli nangayiphi na indlela ngokuchasene nemvelaphi jikelele.
Abo bafuna ukuququzelela umjelo wonxibelelwano oluyimfihlo baya kuthenga nje iVPS (umatshini obonakalayo efini) ukusuka kwelinye lamakhulu abadlali abakhoyo kwimarike. Ixabiso lomcimbi, njengoko kungekho nzima ukulibona, ziidola ezininzi ngenyanga. Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku akunakwenziwa ngokungaziwa, kwaye kuyo nayiphi na imeko, lo matshini wenyani uya kubotshelelwa kwiindlela zakho zokuhlawula, kwaye ngoko ke, kwisazisi sakho. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabasingathi alukhathali ukuba uqhuba ntoni na kwi-hardware yabo ukuba nje ungagqithisi kwimida yabo esisiseko, njengobungakanani betrafikhi ethunyelwe okanye uqhagamshelo kwi-port 23.
Nangona oku kunokwenzeka, akukho nzuzo kuye ukuba achithe iidola ezimbalwa azifumene kuwe ukuze akujonge.
Kwaye nokuba ufuna okanye unyanzelekile ukuba enze oku, kufuneka aqale aqonde ukuba luhlobo luni lwesofthiwe oyisebenzisayo ngokukodwa kwaye, ngokusekelwe kolu lwazi, ukudala isiseko sokulandelela. Oku akuyi kuba nzima ukwenza ngesandla, kodwa ukuzenzela le nkqubo kuya kuba ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ukugcina yonke i-traffic edlula kwi-server yakho ayiyi kuba nenzuzo yezoqoqosho ngaphandle kokuba uqale uqwalasele izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo ezifuna ukwenza oku.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukwenza umjelo okhuselekileyo usebenzisa enye yeendlela ezininzi ezikhoyo.
- Eyona ndlela ilula kukwenza uqhagamshelwano olukhuselekileyo lwe-SSH kumncedisi. Abathengi abaninzi baxhuma nge-OpenSSH kwaye banxibelelane, umzekelo, usebenzisa umyalelo wodonga. Ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye livuya.
- Ukuphakamisa iseva yeVPN kunye nokudibanisa abathengi abaninzi ngeseva ephakathi. Kungenjalo, khangela nayiphi na inkqubo yencoko yothungelwano lwasekhaya kwaye uye phambili.
- I-FreeBSD ye-NetCat elula ngequbuliso inomsebenzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi kwincoko yamandulo engaziwa. Ixhasa uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo usebenzisa izatifikethi nokunye okuninzi.
Akukho mfuneko yokukhankanya ukuba ngendlela efanayo, ukongeza kwimiyalezo elula, unokudlulisa naziphi na iifayile. Nayiphi na kwezi ndlela zinokuphunyezwa kwimizuzu emi-5-10 kwaye ayinzima ngokwezobugcisa. Imiyalezo iya kujongeka njengetrafikhi elula efihliweyo, eyona ininzi yetrafikhi kwi-Intanethi.
Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuba yi-steganography - ukufihla imiyalezo kwiindawo apho kungekho mntu unokucinga ukuyijonga. Oku kukodwa akuqinisekisi ukhuseleko lwembalelwano, kodwa kunciphisa ukubonwa kwayo ukuya kuthi ga kwiqanda. Ukongeza, ukuba iseva yakho ikwakwelinye ilizwe, inkqubo yokufunyanwa kwedatha ayinakwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Kwaye nokuba umntu ufumana ukufikelela kuyo, ngoko imbalelwano yakho kude kube ngulo mzuzu ngokuqinisekileyo ayiyi kuthotywa, kuba, ngokungafaniyo neenkonzo zoluntu, ayigcinwanga kwindawo naphi na (oku, ngokuqinisekileyo, kuxhomekeke kukhetho olukhethileyo lwendlela yokufikelela kuyo. unxibelelwano).
Nangona kunjalo, banokundichasa ukuba ndijonge kwindawo engalunganga, ii-arhente zobukrelekrele zehlabathi kudala zicinga ngayo yonke into, kwaye zonke iiprotocol zokufihla kudala zinemingxuma yokusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi. Ingxelo enengqiqo ngokupheleleyo, inikwe imbali yalo mba. Yintoni enokwenziwa kule meko?
Zonke iisistim zoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo eziphantsi kwe-cryptography yanamhlanje zinepropathi ethile - amandla e-cryptographic. Kucingelwa ukuba nayiphi na i-cipher inokuqhekeka - yinto nje yexesha kunye nezibonelelo. Ngokufanelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkqubo ayinanzuzo nje kumhlaseli, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani idatha. Okanye kuthathe ixesha elide kangangokuba ngexesha lokuqhekeza idatha ayisayi kubaluleka.
Le ngxelo ayiyonyani ngokupheleleyo. Ichanekile xa uthetha ngeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo olusetyenziswayo namhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwazo zonke iindidi ze-ciphers, kukho enye echasene ngokupheleleyo nokuqhekeka kwaye kwangaxeshanye kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda. Ngokwethiyori akunakwenzeka ukugqekeza ukuba zonke iimeko zihlangatyeziwe.
Umbono emva kweVernam Cipher ilula kakhulu - ulandelelwano lwezitshixo ezingahleliwe zenziwe kwangaphambili apho imiyalezo iya kubhalwa ngokuntsonkothileyo. Ngaphaya koko, isitshixo ngasinye sisetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukufihla kunye nokususa ukuntsonkotha komyalezo omnye. Kweyona meko ilula, senza umtya omde wee-byte ezingaqhelekanga kwaye siguqule i-byte nganye yomyalezo ngomsebenzi we-XOR kunye ne-byte ehambelanayo kwisitshixo kwaye siyithumele ngakumbi kwitshaneli engafihlwanga. Kulula ukubona ukuba i-cipher i-symmetric kwaye isitshixo soguqulelo kunye ne-decryption iyafana.
Le ndlela ineziphene kwaye ayifane isetyenziswe, kodwa inzuzo ephunyeziweyo kukuba ukuba amaqela amabini avumelana ngesitshixo kwangaphambili kwaye eso sitshixo asiphazamiseki, ngoko unokuqiniseka ukuba idatha ayiyi kufundwa.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani? Isitshixo senziwa kwangaphambili kwaye sidluliselwe phakathi kwabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kusetyenziswa enye indlela. Inokudluliselwa ngexesha leentlanganiso zomntu kwintsimi engathathi hlangothi, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuze kupheliswe ngokupheleleyo ukuhlolwa okunokwenzeka, okanye ukuthumela nje ngeposi nge-USB flash drive. Sisahlala kwihlabathi apho kungekho buchule bobugcisa bokuhlola yonke imida yokuwela imidiya, zonke ii-hard drives kunye neefowuni.
Emva kokuba bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwimbalelwano befumene isitshixo, ixesha elide lingadlula phambi kokuba kwenzeke iseshoni yonxibelelwano, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuyichasa le nkqubo.
Ibhayithi enye kwisitshixo isetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukuguqulela umlinganiswa omnye womyalezo oyimfihlo kunye nokuwususa ukuntsonkotha ngabanye abathathi-nxaxheba. Izitshixo ezisetyenzisiweyo zinokutshatyalaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwimbalelwano emva kokudluliselwa kwedatha. Emva kokutshintshana amaqhosha ayimfihlo kube kanye, ungathumela imiyalezo ngevolyum epheleleyo elingana nobude bayo. Le nyaniso idla ngokuchazwa njengento engalunganga kule cipher kuba mnandi ngakumbi xa isitshixo sinobude obulinganiselweyo kwaye singaxhomekeke kubukhulu bomyalezo. Nangona kunjalo, aba bantu bayalibala ngenkqubela phambili, kwaye nangona oku kwakuyingxaki ngexesha leMfazwe Yomlomo, akuyongxaki enjalo namhlanje. Ukuba sicinga ukuba amandla eendaba zanamhlanje azinamda kwaye kwimeko ethobekileyo sithetha ngeegigabytes, ke umjelo wonxibelelwano okhuselekileyo unokusebenza ngokungenasiphelo.
Ngokwembali, iVernam Cipher, okanye i-pad encryption yexesha elinye, yayisetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha leMfazwe ebandayo ukuhambisa imiyalezo eyimfihlo. Nangona kukho iimeko apho, ngenxa yokungakhathali, imiyalezo eyahlukeneyo ifihliweyo kunye nezitshixo ezifanayo, oko kukuthi, inkqubo yokubhala i-encryption yaphulwa kwaye oku kwavumela ukuba ikhutshwe.
Ngaba kunzima ukusebenzisa le ndlela ekusebenzeni? Iyinto encinci, kwaye ukwenza le nkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo ngoncedo lweekhompyuter zanamhlanje kungaphakathi kwesakhono somntu ofundayo.
Ngoko mhlawumbi injongo yokuthintela kukubangela umonakalo kumthunywa othile weTelegram? Ukuba kunjalo, phinda udlule. Umxhasi weTelegram ngaphandle kwebhokisi uxhasa iiseva zommeli kunye neprotocol ye-SOCKS5, enika umsebenzisi ithuba lokusebenza ngamaseva angaphandle kunye needilesi ze-IP ezingavaliwe. Ukufumana iseva ye-SOCKS5 yoluntu kwiseshoni emfutshane akunzima, kodwa ukuseta iseva enjalo ngokwakho kwiVPS yakho kulula ngakumbi.
Nangona kusekho ukubetha kwi-ecosystem ye-messenger, kuba kubasebenzisi abaninzi ezi zithintelo zisezakudala umqobo ongenakoyiswa kwaye ukuthandwa kwayo phakathi kwabantu kuya kubandezeleka.
Ngoko ke, makhe sishwankathele. Yonke i-hype ejikeleze iTelegram yi-hype kwaye ayikho enye into. Ukuyinqanda ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko loluntu akufundile ngokobuchwephesha kwaye akunanjongo. Nawaphi na amaqumrhu anomdla kakhulu kwimbalelwano ekhuselekileyo anokuququzelela itshaneli yawo esebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ezincedisanayo, kwaye, eyona nto inomdla kakhulu, oku kwenziwa ngokulula kakhulu, ukuba nje kukho ukufikelela okuthile kuthungelwano.
Umphambili wokhuseleko lolwazi namhlanje awuquki bathunywa, kodwa kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi abaqhelekileyo, nokuba abaqondi. I-Intanethi yanamhlanje iyinyani ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwaye imithetho ebibonakala ngathi ayinakugungqiswa iyeke ukusebenza kude kube mva nje. Ukuvala iTelegram ngomnye umzekelo weemfazwe zemarike yolwazi. Ayingowokuqala kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ayingowokugqibela.
Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo, phambi kophuhliso olukhulu lwe-Intanethi, eyona ngxaki iphambili eyayijongene nazo zonke iintlobo zothungelwano lweearhente yayikukuseka umjelo wonxibelelwano okhuselekileyo phakathi kwabo kunye nokulungelelanisa umsebenzi wabo neziko. Ulawulo olungqongqo kwizikhululo zikanomathotholo zabucala ngexesha leMfazwe yesiBini yeHlabathi kuwo onke amazwe athatha inxaxheba (ubhaliso lusafuneka nanamhlanje), izikhululo zikanomathotholo ezinenombolo zeMfazwe yoMlomo (ezinye zisasebenza nanamhlanje), iifilimu ezincinci kwi-sole yesihlangu - konke oku. ikhangeleka ihlekisa nje kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso lwempucuko. Kanye kunye ne-inertia yengqondo, ukunyanzela umatshini wombuso ukuba uthintele ngokungqongqo nayiphi na into engekho phantsi kolawulo lwayo. Yingakho ukuvala iidilesi ze-IP akufanele kuthathwe njengesisombululo esamkelekileyo, kwaye kubonisa kuphela ukungabikho kobuchule babantu abenza izigqibo ezinjalo.
Ingxaki ephambili yexesha lethu ayikokugcinwa okanye uhlalutyo lwedatha yembalelwano yobuqu ngabantu besithathu (le yinyani enenjongo esiphila kuyo namhlanje), kodwa yinto yokuba abantu ngokwabo bakulungele ukubonelela le datha. Ngalo lonke ixesha ufikelela kwi-Intanethi kwisikhangeli osithandayo, ishumi elinesibini lemibhalo lijonge kuwe, lirekhoda ukuba ucofe njani kwaye ucofe phi kwaye leliphi iphepha oye kulo. Xa ufaka esinye isicelo se-smartphone, uninzi lwabantu lujonga ifestile yesicelo yokubonelela ngamalungelo kwinkqubo njengesithintelo esicaphukisayo ngaphambi kokuba baqalise ukuyisebenzisa. Ngaphandle kokuqaphela into yokuba inkqubo engenabungozi ingena kwincwadi yakho yeedilesi kwaye ifuna ukufunda yonke imiyalezo yakho. Ukhuseleko kunye nobumfihlo buthengiswa ngokulula ukuze kube lula ukusetyenziswa. Kwaye umntu ngokwakhe udla ngokuzinikela ngokupheleleyo kunye nolwazi lwakhe lobuqu, kwaye ngoko ngenkululeko yakhe, ngaloo ndlela egcwalisa i-database yemibutho yehlabathi yabucala kunye norhulumente ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nobomi bakhe. Kwaye ngokungathandabuzekiyo baya kusebenzisa olu lwazi ngeenjongo zabo. Kwaye kwakhona, kugqatso lwenzuzo, baya kuphinda bayithengise kuwo wonke umntu, bengayinaki nayiphi na imigangatho yokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ulwazi oluchazwe kweli nqaku luya kukuvumela ukuba ujonge ngokutsha ingxaki yokhuseleko lolwazi kwaye, mhlawumbi, utshintshe imikhwa yakho xa usebenza kwi-intanethi. Kwaye iingcali ziya kuncuma ngokungqongqo kwaye ziqhubele phambili.
Uxolo ekhayeni lakho.
umthombo: www.habr.com