1. Idatha yokuqala
Ukucocwa kwedatha yenye yemingeni ejongene nemisebenzi yokuhlalutya idatha. Esi sixhobo sibonise uphuhliso kunye nezisombululo eziye zavela ngenxa yokusombulula ingxaki esebenzayo yokuhlalutya isiseko sedatha ekubunjweni kwexabiso le-cadastral. Imithombo apha .
Ifayile ethi "Comparative model total.ods" kwi "Appendix B. Iziphumo zokumisela i-KS 5. Ulwazi malunga nendlela yokumisela ixabiso le-cadastral 5.1 Indlela yokuthelekisa" yaqwalaselwa.
Itheyibhile 1. Iimpawu zeenkcukacha-manani zeseti yedatha kwifayile "Imodeli yokuthelekisa iyonke.ods"
Inani elipheleleyo lamasimi, iipcs. — 44
Lilonke inani leerekhodi, iipcs. — 365 490
Inani elipheleleyo labalinganiswa, iipcs. — 101 714 693
I-avareji yenani labalinganiswa kwirekhodi, iipcs. — 278,297
Ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni kwabalinganiswa kwirekhodi, iipcs. — 15,510
Ubuncinci benani loonobumba kwingeniso, iipcs. — 198
Elona nani liphezulu loonobumba kwingeniso, iipcs. — 363
2. Inxalenye yentshayelelo. Imigangatho esisiseko
Ngelixa uhlalutya i-database echaziweyo, umsebenzi wenziwa ukucacisa iimfuno zeqondo lokuhlanjululwa, kuba, njengoko kucacile kuwo wonke umntu, i-database echaziweyo idala imiphumo yomthetho kunye nezoqoqosho kubasebenzisi. Ngethuba lomsebenzi, kwavela ukuba akukho mfuneko ethile kwiqondo lokucocwa kwedatha enkulu. Ukuhlalutya imimiselo yomthetho kulo mbandela, ndafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba zonke zenziwe ngamathuba. Oko kukuthi, umsebenzi othile uvele, imithombo yolwazi iqulunqwe kumsebenzi, emva koko i-dataset yenziwe kwaye, ngokusekelwe kwidatha eyenziweyo, izixhobo zokusombulula ingxaki. Izisombululo ezisisiphumo ziindawo zokubhekisela ekukhetheni kwezinye iindlela. Ndibonise oku kuMfanekiso 1.
Kuba, kwimiba yokumisela nayiphi na imigangatho, kungcono ukuthembela kubuchwephesha obuqinisekisiweyo, ndikhethe iimfuno ezibekwe kwi. , kuba olu xwebhu ndiluthathe njengelona lubanzi kulo mbandela. Ngokukodwa, kolu xwebhu icandelo lithi "Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iimfuno zemfezeko yedatha zisebenza ngokulinganayo kwimanyuwali (iphepha) kunye nedatha ye-elektroniki." (inguqulelo: "... iimfuno zemfezeko yedatha zisebenza ngokulinganayo kwincwadana (iphepha) kunye nedatha yombane"). Olu qulunqo lunxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nombono "wobungqina obubhaliweyo", kumalungiselelo eSiqendu 71 seKhowudi yeNkqubo yoLuntu, uBugcisa. 70 CAS, Art. 75 APC, "ngokubhaliweyo" Art. 84 IKhowudi yeNkqubo yoLuntu.
Umzobo we-2 ubonisa umzobo wokuqulunqwa kweendlela kwiintlobo zolwazi kwi-jurisprudence.
Irayisi. 2. Umthombo .
Umzobo 3 ubonisa indlela yoMfanekiso 1, kwimisebenzi ye "Isikhokelo" esingentla. Kulula, ngokwenza uthelekiso, ukubona ukuba iindlela ezisetyenziswayo xa kuhlangatyezwana neemfuno zemfezeko yolwazi kwimigangatho yanamhlanje yeenkqubo zolwazi zilinganiselwe ngokuphawulekayo xa kuthelekiswa nengcamango yomthetho yolwazi.
Umzobo 3
Kuxwebhu oluchaziweyo (IsiKhokelo), uxhulumaniso kwicandelo lobugcisa, amandla okucubungula nokugcina idatha, iqinisekiswa kakuhle ngokucaphuna kwiSahluko 18.2. I-database yobudlelwane: "Olu lwakhiwo lwefayile lukhuselekile ngokwendalo, njengoko idatha igcinwe kwifomathi enkulu yefayile egcina ubudlelwane phakathi kwedatha kunye nedatha."
Enyanisweni, kule ndlela - ukusuka kwizakhono zobugcisa ezikhoyo, akukho nto ingaqhelekanga kwaye, ngokwayo, le yinkqubo yendalo, ekubeni ukwandiswa kweengcamango kuvela kumsebenzi ofundwe kakhulu - uyilo lwedatha. Kodwa, kwelinye icala, imimiselo yomthetho ibonakala ingaboneleli ngezaphulelo kubuchule bobugcisa beenkqubo ezikhoyo, umzekelo: .
Irayisi. 4. Ifanisi yezakhono zobugcisa ().
Kule miba, kuyacaca ukuba i-dataset yasekuqaleni (umzobo 1) kuya kufuneka, okokuqala, igcinwe, kwaye okwesibini, ibe sisiseko sokukhupha ulwazi olongezelelweyo kuyo. Ewe, njengomzekelo: iikhamera ezirekhoda imigaqo yendlela zikho kuyo yonke indawo, iinkqubo zokucwangcisa ulwazi zikhupha abaphuli-mthetho, kodwa olunye ulwazi lunokunikezelwa kwabanye abathengi, umzekelo, njengokubeka iliso kwintengiso yesakhiwo sokuhamba kwabathengi kwiziko lokuthenga. Kwaye lo ngumthombo wexabiso elongezelelweyo elongezelelweyo xa usebenzisa i-BigDat. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iiseti zedatha eziqokelelwayo ngoku, kwenye indawo kwixesha elizayo, ziya kuba nexabiso ngokwenkqubo efana nexabiso leentlelo ezinqabileyo ze-1700 ngeli xesha langoku. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, eneneni, iiseti zedatha zexeshana zizodwa kwaye azinakwenzeka ukuba ziphindwe kwakhona kwixesha elizayo.
3. Inxalenye yentshayelelo. Iikhrayitheriya zoVavanyo
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokucubungula, ukuhlelwa kweempazamo ezilandelayo kwaphuhliswa.
1. Iklasi yempazamo (esekelwe kwi-GOST R 8.736-2011): a) iimpazamo ezicwangcisiweyo; b) iimpazamo ezingalindelekanga; c) impazamo.
2. Ngobuninzi: a) ukugqwetheka kwe-mono; b) ukugqwetha izinto ezininzi.
3. Ngokokubaluleka kweziphumo: a) ukugxeka; b) hayi ngokugxeka.
4. Ngomthombo wokwenzeka:
A) Ubuchwephesha - iimpazamo ezenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo. Impazamo efanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-IoT, iinkqubo ezinezinga elibalulekileyo lempembelelo kumgangatho wonxibelelwano, izixhobo (i-hardware).
B) Iimpazamo zoMsebenzisi-iimpazamo kuluhlu olubanzi ukusuka kwii-typos zabaqhubi ngexesha lokungena kwiimpazamo kwiinkcukacha zobugcisa boyilo lwedatha.
C) Iimpazamo zabasebenzisi - nazi iimpazamo zabasebenzisi kulo lonke uluhlu ukusuka "kulibele ukutshintsha uyilo" ukuya kwimpazamo yemitha yeenyawo.
5. Ohlulwe kwiklasi eyahlukileyo:
a) “umsebenzi womahluli,” oko kukuthi, isithuba kunye “:” (kwimeko yethu) xa wawuphindwa;
b) amagama abhalwe kunye;
c) akukho ndawo emva koonobumba benkonzo
d) iisimboli ezininzi ngokulinganayo: (), "", "...".
Kuthatyathwe kunye, kunye ne-systematization yeempazamo ze-database ezivezwe kuMfanekiso 5, inkqubo yokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo iqulunqwe ukukhangela iimpazamo kunye nokuphuhlisa i-algorithm yokucoca idatha kulo mzekelo.
Irayisi. 5. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ezihambelana neeyunithi zesakhiwo sesiseko sedatha (Umthombo: ).
Ukuchaneka, iNtembuko yeDomain, Uhlobo lweDatha, ukuNxibelelana, ukuNxibelela, ukuZalisa, ukuPhindwa kabini, ukuThotyelwa kweMithetho yoShishino, ukuNgcaciswa koLwakhiwo, ukuchasana kweDatha, ukucaca, ngexesha, ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho yoBunyani beDatha. (Iphepha 334. Ukugcinwa kwedatha okusisiseko kwiingcali ze-IT / uPaulraj Ponniah.— 2nd ed.)
Kunikwe amagama esiNgesi kunye nenguqulelo yomatshini wesiRashiya kwizibiyeli.
Ukuchaneka. Ixabiso eligcinwe kwisixokelelwano sento yedatha lixabiso elifanelekileyo lokwenzeka kwento yedatha. Ukuba unegama lomthengi kunye nedilesi egcinwe kwirekhodi, ke idilesi yidilesi echanekileyo yomthengi onelo gama. Ukuba ufumana ubuninzi obu-odolwe njengeeyunithi ezili-1000 kwirekhodi yenombolo yoku-odola 12345678, ngoko loo bungakanani bubuninzi obuchanekileyo baloo myalelo.
[Ukuchaneka. Ixabiso eligcinwe kwisistim yento yedatha lixabiso elichanekileyo lokwenzeka kwento yedatha. Ukuba unegama lomthengi kunye nedilesi egcinwe kwirekhodi, ke idilesi yidilesi echanekileyo yomthengi onelo gama. Ukuba ufumana umyinge oodolwe njengeeyunithi ezili-1000 kwirekhodi yenombolo yoku-odola 12345678, ngoko loo bungakanani bubungakanani obuchanekileyo baloo myalelo.]
Domain Imfezeko. Ixabiso ledatha yophawu loyelelwano liwela kuluhlu lwamaxabiso avumelekileyo, achaziweyo. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo ngamaxabiso avumelekileyo "yindoda" kunye "nomfazi" wento yedatha yesini.
[Imfezeko yoMmandla. Ixabiso ledatha yophawu luwela phakathi koluhlu lwamaxabiso asebenzayo, achaziweyo. Umzekelo gabalala ngamaxabiso asebenzayo "indoda" kunye "nebhinqa" yedatha yesini.]
Uhlobo lweDatha. Ixabiso lophawu loyelelwano lwedatha ngenene lugcinwe njengodidi lwedatha oluchazwe kulo phawu. Xa uhlobo lwedatha yendawo yegama levenkile ichazwa “njengombhalo,” yonke imizekelo yaloo ndawo iqulathe igama levenkile eliboniswe kwifomathi yokubhaliweyo hayi iikhowudi zamanani.
[Uhlobo lwedatha. Ixabiso lophawu loyelelwano lwedatha ngenene lugcinwe njengohlobo lwedatha oluchazwe kulo phawu. Ukuba igama lendawo yogcino uhlobo lwedatha lichazwa njenge "text", yonke imizekelo yalo mmandla iqulathe igama levenkile eliboniswe ngefomathi yokubhaliweyo kuneekhowudi zamanani.]
Ukungqinelana. Ifomu kunye nomxholo wendawo yedatha iyafana kwiinkqubo ezininzi zemithombo. Ukuba ikhowudi yemveliso ye-ABC yemveliso kwindlela enye yi-1234, ngoko ikhowudi yale mveliso yi-1234 kuyo yonke inkqubo yomthombo.
[Ukungqinelana. Ifom kunye nomxholo wedatha yedatha iyafana kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomthombo. Ukuba ikhowudi yemveliso ye-ABC kwisistim enye ithi 1234, ngoko ikhowudi yaloo mveliso ithi 1234 kwinkqubo yomthombo ngamnye.]
Ukungafuneki. Idatha efanayo mayingagcinwa kwindawo engaphezu kwenye kwisistim. Ukuba, ngenxa yezizathu zokusebenza kakuhle, i-data element igcinwe ngenjongo kwindawo engaphezu kweyodwa kwisistim, ngoko ukukhutshwa kufuneka kuchongwe ngokucacileyo kwaye kuqinisekiswe.
[Ukungafuneki. Idatha efanayo akufanele igcinwe kwiindawo ezingaphezu kwenye kwisistim. Ukuba, ngenxa yezizathu zokusebenza kakuhle, isiqalelo sedatha sigcinwa ngenjongo kwiindawo ezininzi kwinkqubo, emva koko ukungafuneki kufuneka kuchazwe ngokucacileyo kwaye kuqinisekiswe.]
Ukugqibelela. Akukho maxabiso alahlekileyo ophawu olunikiweyo kwinkqubo. Ngokomzekelo, kwifayile yomthengi, kufuneka kubekho ixabiso elisebenzayo kwintsimi "yelizwe" kuwo wonke umthengi. Kwifayile yeenkcukacha ze-odolo, zonke iinkcukacha zeenkcukacha zomyalelo kufuneka zizaliswe ngokupheleleyo.
[Ukugqibelela. Akukho maxabiso alahlekileyo kwinkqubo yolu phawu. Umzekelo, ifayile yomxhasi kufuneka ibenexabiso elisebenzayo lendawo "yesimo" kumxhasi ngamnye. Kwifayile yeenkcukacha zoodolo, irekhodi nganye yeenkcukacha zeodolo kufuneka izaliswe ngokupheleleyo.]
Ukuphindaphinda. Ukuphinda-phindwa kweerekhodi kwinkqubo kusonjululwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ifayile yemveliso iyaziwa ukuba ineerekhodi eziphindwe kabini, ngoko zonke iirekhodi eziphindwe kabini zemveliso nganye zichongiwe kwaye i-cross-reference reference yenziwa.
[Phinda kabini. Ukuphinda-phindwa kweerekhodi kwisistim kupheliswe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ifayile yemveliso iyaziwa iqulathe amangeno aphindwe kabini, ngoko ke onke amangeno aphinda-phindwayo kwimveliso nganye achongiwe kwaye kwenziwa ireferensi enqamlezileyo.]
Ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho yoShishino. Amaxabiso ento nganye yedatha ahambelana nemithetho emiselweyo yeshishini. Kwinkqubo yefandesi, ihamile okanye ixabiso lentengiso alinakuba ngaphantsi kwexabiso elibekiweyo. Kwinkqubo yemali-mboleko yebhanki, ibhalansi yemali-mboleko kufuneka ihlale ilungile okanye i-zero.
[Ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yeshishini. Amaxabiso ento nganye yedatha ahambelana nemithetho emiselweyo yeshishini. Kwinkqubo yefandesi, ihamile okanye ixabiso lentengiso alinakuba ngaphantsi kwexabiso elibekiweyo. Kwinkqubo yetyala lebhanki, ibhalansi yemali-mboleko kufuneka isoloko ilungile okanye inguziro.]
Ukuqiniseka koLwakhiwo. Naphi na apho into yedatha inokwakheka ngokwendalo ibe ngamacandelo ngamanye, into leyo kufuneka iqulathe olu lwakhiwo luchazwe kakuhle. Umzekelo, igama lomntu ngokwendalo lahlulahlulwe libe ligama lokuqala, isiqalo esiphakathi, nefani. Amanani amagama abantu kufuneka agcinwe njengegama lokuqala, isiqalo esiphakathi, kunye nefani. Olu phawu lomgangatho wedatha lwenza lula ukunyanzeliswa kwemigangatho kunye nokunciphisa amaxabiso alahlekileyo.
[Isiqinisekiso soLwakhiwo. Apho isiqalelo sedatha sinokwakheka ngokwendalo sibe ngamacandelo ngamanye, isiqalelo kufuneka siqulathe olu lwakhiwo luchazwe kakuhle. Umzekelo, igama lomntu lahlulwe ngokwendalo libe ligama lokuqala, eliphakathi, nefani. Amanani amagama ngamnye kufuneka agcinwe njengegama lokuqala, isiqalo esiphakathi, kunye nefani. Olu phawu lomgangatho wedatha lwenza lula usetyenziso lwemigangatho kwaye lunciphise amaxabiso angekhoyo.]
Ukuphazamiseka kweDatha. Intsimi mayisetyenziselwe kuphela injongo echazwe ngayo. Ukuba indawo idilesi-3 ichazwe kuyo nayiphi na indlela yesithathu enokubakho yedilesi yeedilesi ezinde, ngoko lo mmandla mawusetyenziswe kuphela ukurekhoda umgca wesithathu wedilesi. Mayingasetyenziselwa ukufaka ifowuni okanye inombolo yefeksi kumthengi.
[Idatha eNgxaki. Intsimi mayisetyenziselwe kuphela injongo echazwe ngayo. Ukuba indawo yeDilesi-3 ichazwe kuyo nayiphi na idilesi yesithathu enokubakho kwiidilesi ezinde, ngoko lo mmandla uya kusetyenziswa kuphela ukurekhoda umgca wedilesi wesithathu. Akufunekanga isetyenziswe ukufaka umnxeba okanye inombolo yefeksi yomthengi.]
Ukucaca. Into yedatha inokuba nazo zonke ezinye iimpawu zedatha esemgangathweni kodwa ukuba abasebenzisi abayiqondi intsingiselo yayo ngokucacileyo, into ke leyo yedatha ayinaxabiso kubasebenzisi. Imithetho efanelekileyo yokubiza amagama inceda ukwenza izinto zedatha ziqondwe kakuhle ngabasebenzisi.
[Ukucaca. Into yedatha inokuba nazo zonke ezinye iimpawu zedatha elungileyo, kodwa ukuba abasebenzisi abayiqondi ngokucacileyo intsingiselo yayo, ngoko into yedatha ayinaxabiso kubasebenzisi. Imigaqo yokubiza amagama echanekileyo inceda ukwenza izinto zedatha ziqondwe kakuhle ngabasebenzisi.]
Ngexesha. Abasebenzisi bamisela ixesha elifanelekileyo ledatha. Ukuba abasebenzisi balindele ukuba idatha yobungakanani bomthengi ingabindala kunosuku olunye, utshintsho kwidatha yomthengi kwiinkqubo zomthombo kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwindawo yokugcina idatha yonke imihla.
[Ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Abasebenzisi bamisela ixesha ledatha. Ukuba abasebenzisi balindele ukuba idatha yobungakanani bomthengi ingabi ngaphezu kosuku olunye ubudala, utshintsho kwidatha yomthengi kwiinkqubo zomthombo kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwindawo yokugcina idatha yonke imihla.]
Ukuba luncedo. Yonke into yedatha kwindawo yokugcina idatha kufuneka yanelise iimfuno ezithile zokuqokelelwa kwabasebenzisi. Into yedatha ingachaneka kwaye ibe kumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa ukuba ayinaxabiso kubasebenzisi, akuyomfuneko kwaphela ukuba loo nto yedatha ibe kwindawo yokugcina idatha.
[Uncedo. Into nganye yedatha kwisitoreji sedatha kufuneka yanelise ezinye iimfuno zokuqokelelwa komsebenzisi. Into yedatha ingachaneka kwaye ibe kumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa ukuba ayiboneleli ngexabiso kubasebenzisi, akuyomfuneko ukuba loo nto yedatha ibe kwindawo yokugcina idatha.]
Ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho yeMfezeko yeDatha. Idatha egcinwe koovimba beenkcukacha bonxibelelwano beenkqubo zomthombo kufuneka ihambelane nemfezeko yequmrhu kunye nemigaqo yemfezeko ebhekiswayo. Nayiphi na itheyibhile evumela i-null njengeqhosha eliphambili ayinayo imfezeko yeziko. Imfezeko yobungqina inyanzelisa ukusekwa kobudlelwane bomzali nomntwana ngokuchanekileyo. Kubudlelwane bomthengi-kuya-odolo, intembeko yokuthembeka iqinisekisa ubukho bomthengi kuyo yonke iodolo kwisiseko sedatha.
[Ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yemfezeko yedatha. Idata egcinwe koovimba beenkcukacha bonxulumano beenkqubo zomthombo kufuneka ihambelane nemithetho yemfezeko yequmrhu kunye nemfezeko ebhekiswayo. Nayiphi na itheyibhile evumela i-null njengeqhosha eliphambili ayinayo imfezeko yeziko. Ukunyaniseka kwereferensi kunyanzelisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwabazali nabantwana ukuba bumiselwe ngokuchanekileyo. Kubudlelwane bomyalelo womthengi, intembeko yokuqinisekisa iqinisekisa ukuba umthengi ukhona kuyo yonke iodolo ekwisiseko sedatha.]
4. Umgangatho wokucoca idatha
Umgangatho wokucoca idatha ngumba oyingxaki kwidatha enkulu. Ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba yiyiphi iqondo lokucocwa kwedatha efunekayo ukugqiba umsebenzi kubalulekile kuwo wonke umhlalutyi wedatha. Kwiingxaki ezininzi zangoku, umhlalutyi ngamnye umisela oku ngokwakhe kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba nabani na ovela ngaphandle akwazi ukuvavanya le nkalo kwisisombululo sakhe. Kodwa kumsebenzi okhoyo kule meko, lo mbandela wawubaluleke kakhulu, kuba ukuthembeka kwedatha yezomthetho kufuneka kuthambekele kwenye.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo itekhnoloji yovavanyo lwesoftware ukumisela ukuthembeka kokusebenza. Namhlanje kukho ngaphezu kwale mizekelo . Uninzi lweemodeli zisebenzisa imodeli yenkonzo yebango:
Ikhiwane. 6
Ukucinga ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "Ukuba impazamo ifunyenwe sisiganeko esifana nesiganeko sokusilela kule modeli, ungayifumana njani i-analogue yeparameter t?" Kwaye ndaqulunqa le modeli ilandelayo: Makhe sicinge ukuba ixesha elithatha umvavanyi ukujonga irekhodi enye ngumzuzu omnye (kwidathabheyisi ekuthethwa ngayo), emva koko ukufumana zonke iimpazamo uya kufuna imizuzu engama-1, malunga neminyaka emi-365 kunye ne-494 iinyanga zexesha lokusebenza. Njengoko siqonda, lo ngumsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu kwaye iindleko zokujonga i-database ziya kuba zithintele kumqambi wale database. Kulo mboniso, ingcamango yezoqoqosho yeendleko ibonakala kwaye emva kokuhlalutya ndafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba esi sisixhobo esisebenzayo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokusekwe kumthetho wezoqoqosho: “Umthamo wemveliso (ngeeyunithi) apho eyona ngeniso inkulu yefemu ifumaneka kwindawo apho ixabiso elingephi lokuvelisa iyunithi entsha yemveliso lithelekiswa nexabiso elinokufunyanwa yile nkampani. kwiyunithi entsha. " Ngokusekwe kwi-postulate yokuba ukufumana impazamo nganye elandelayo kufuna ukujongwa ngakumbi nangakumbi kweerekhodi, le yindleko. Oko kukuthi, i-postulate eyamkelwa kwiimodeli zokuvavanya ithatha intsingiselo yomzimba kule pateni ilandelayo: ukuba ukufumana i-i-th impazamo kwakuyimfuneko ukujonga iirekhodi ze-n, ngoko ukufumana impazamo elandelayo (i + 3) kuya kuba yimfuneko. ukujonga iirekhodi m kwaye ngaxeshanye n<m. Le postulate, kwiimodeli zokuvavanya, iqulunqwe ngokukodwa yimfuneko yokuba iimpazamo ezifunyenweyo kufuneka zirekhodwe, kodwa zingalungiswanga, ukwenzela ukuba isofthiwe ihlolwe kwimeko yayo yendalo, oko kukuthi, ukuhamba kokungaphumeleli kufana. Ngokufanelekileyo, kwimeko yethu, ukujonga iirekhodi kunokutyhila iinketho ezimbini ze-homogeneity:
- Xa inani leerekhodi ezihlolwe phambi kokuba kufunyenwe impazamo entsha izinzile;
- Xa inani leerekhodi ezikhangelweyo phambi kokufumana impazamo elandelayo iya kwanda.
Ukumisela ixabiso elibalulekileyo, ndaphendukela kumbono wokuba nokwenzeka kwezoqoqosho, kule meko, usebenzisa ingcamango yeendleko zentlalo, inokuqulunqwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "Iindleko zokulungisa impazamo kufuneka zithwalwe yi-arhente yezoqoqosho enokwenza ngelona xabiso liphantsi.” Sinearhente enye - umvavanyi ochitha umzuzu omnye ejonga irekhodi enye. Ngokwemali, ukuba ufumana i-ruble ye-1 / ngosuku, oku kuya kuba yi-ruble ye-6000. (malunga nanamhlanje). Kuhlala kumisela icala lesibini lolingano kumthetho wezoqoqosho. Ndaqiqa ngolu hlobo. Impazamo ekhoyo iya kufuna umntu ochaphazelekayo ukuba achithe umzamo wokuyilungisa, oko kukuthi, umnini wepropati. Masithi oku kufuna usuku lwe-12,2 lwesenzo (ngenisa isicelo, fumana uxwebhu olulungisiweyo). Emva koko, ngokwembono yentlalontle, iindleko zakhe ziya kufana nomvuzo oqhelekileyo ngosuku. Umyinge womvuzo ofunyenweyo kwiKhanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug 73285 rub. okanye 3053,542 ruble / ngosuku. Ngokufanelekileyo, sifumana ixabiso elibalulekileyo elilingana ne:
3053,542: 12,2 = 250,4 iiyunithi zeerekhodi.
Oku kuthetha, ngokwembono yentlalo, ukuba umhloli uhlolisise iirekhodi ze-251 kwaye wafumana impazamo enye, ilingana nomsebenzisi olungisa le mpazamo ngokwakhe. Ngako oko, ukuba umvavanyi uchithe ixesha elilingana nokukhangela iirekhodi ezingama-252 ukufumana impazamo elandelayo, ngoko ke kulo mzekelo kungcono ukutshintsha iindleko zokulungiswa kumsebenzisi.
Indlela elula ibonakaliswe apha, ekubeni ngokwembono yentlalo kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela lonke ixabiso elongezelelweyo eliveliswa yingcali nganye, oko kukuthi, iindleko ezibandakanya iirhafu kunye neentlawulo zentlalo, kodwa imodeli icacile. Isiphumo sobu budlelwane yile mfuneko ilandelayo kwiingcali: ingcali evela kwishishini le-IT kufuneka ibe nomvuzo omkhulu kunomndilili kazwelonke. Ukuba umvuzo wakhe ungaphantsi komvuzo oqhelekileyo wabasebenzisi besiseko sedatha, ngoko yena ngokwakhe kufuneka ahlole yonke i-database ngesandla ngesandla.
Xa usebenzisa ikhrayitheriya echaziweyo, imfuno yokuqala yomgangatho wesiseko sedatha yenziwa:
Mna(tr). Isabelo seempazamo ezibalulekileyo akufanele sidlule i-1/250,4 = 0,39938%. Kancinci kancinci kune igolide kushishino. Kwaye ngokwasemzimbeni akukho zirekhodi ezingaphezu kwe-1459 ezineempazamo.
Ukuhlehla kwezoqoqosho.
Enyanisweni, ngokwenza inani elinjalo leempazamo kwiirekhodi, uluntu luyavumelana nelahleko yezoqoqosho kwisixa:
1459 * 3053,542 = 4 ruble.
Esi sixa-mali simiselwa yinyaniso yokuba uluntu alunazo izixhobo zokunciphisa ezi ndleko. Kulandela ukuba ukuba umntu uneteknoloji evumela ukuba banciphise inani leerekhodi ngeempazamo, umzekelo, 259, ngoko oku kuya kuvumela uluntu ukuba lugcine:
1200 * 3053,542 = 3 ruble.
Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, unokucela italente yakhe kunye nomsebenzi, ke, masithi - 1 yezigidi zeeruble.
Oko kukuthi, iindleko zentlalo zincitshiswa:
3 - 664 = 250 ruble.
Ngokwenyani, esi siphumo lixabiso elongezelelweyo ukusuka kusetyenziso lwetekhnoloji yeBigDat.
Kodwa apha kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba oku kuyimpembelelo yentlalontle, kwaye umnini wesiseko sedatha ngugunyaziwe kamasipala, ingeniso yabo evela ekusebenziseni ipropati ebhalwe kule datha, kwizinga le-0,3%, yi: 2,778 billion ruble / unyaka. Kwaye ezi ndleko (ii-ruble ezi-4) azimkhathazi kakhulu, ekubeni zidluliselwa kubanini bezakhiwo. Kwaye, kulo mba, umphuhlisi wobuchwephesha bokucokisa ngakumbi kwiBigdata kuya kufuneka abonise amandla okuqinisekisa umnini wale database, kwaye ezo zinto zifuna italente enkulu.
Kulo mzekelo, i-algorithm yokuhlola impazamo ikhethwe ngokusekelwe kwimodeli ye-Schumann [2] yokuqinisekiswa kwesofthiwe ngexesha lokuvavanya ukuthembeka. Ngenxa yokuxhaphaka kwayo kwi-Intanethi kunye nokukwazi ukufumana izikhombisi-manani eziyimfuneko. Indlela yokusebenza ithathwe eMonakhov Yu.M. "Uzinzo olusebenzayo lweenkqubo zolwazi", jonga phantsi kombhubhisi kwiFig. 7-9.
Irayisi. 7 – 9 Indlela yokusebenza yemodeli yeSchumann
Inxalenye yesibini yale nto inika umzekelo wokucoca idatha, apho iziphumo zokusebenzisa imodeli yeSchumann zifunyenwe.
Makhe ndibonise iziphumo ezifunyenweyo:
Inani eliqikelelweyo leempazamo N = 3167 n.
Iparamitha C, lambda kunye nomsebenzi wokuthembeka:
Umzobo 17
Ngokusisiseko, i-lambda sisalathiso sokwenyani sobunzulu apho iimpazamo zibonwa khona kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ukuba ujonga inxalenye yesibini, uqikelelo lwesi salathisi kwaba 42,4 iimpazamo ngeyure, nto leyo enokuthelekiseka nesalathisi Schumann. Ngaphezulu, kunqunywe ukuba izinga apho umthuthukisi afumana iimpazamo akufanele abe ngaphantsi kwe-1 impazamo kwiirekhodi ze-250,4, xa ehlola irekhodi ye-1 ngomzuzu. Ke ngoko ixabiso elibalulekileyo lelambda yemodeli yeSchumann:
60 / 250,4 = 0,239617.
Oko kukuthi, imfuneko yokuphumeza iinkqubo zokubona impazamo kufuneka iqhutywe de i-lambda, ukusuka kwi-38,964 ekhoyo, iyancipha ukuya kwi-0,239617.
Okanye de isalathisi N (inani elinokubakho leempazamo) thabatha n (inani elilungisiweyo leempazamo) liyancipha ngaphantsi komda wethu owamkelweyo - i-1459 pcs.
Iincwadi
- Monakhov, Yu. M. Uzinzo olusebenzayo lweenkqubo zolwazi. Kwiiyure ezi-3. Icandelo 1. Ukuthembeka kwesoftware: incwadi yokufunda. isibonelelo / Yu. M. Monakhov; Vladim. urhulumente univ. – Vladimir: Izvo Vladim. urhulumente IYunivesithi, 2011. - 60 iphe. – ISBN 978-5-9984-0189-3.
- UMartin L. Shooman, "Iimodeli ezinokwenzeka zokuqikelela ukuthembeka kwesoftware."
- Ugcino lwedatha olusisiseko kwiingcali ze-IT / uPaulraj Ponniah.— 2nd ed.
umthombo: www.habr.com