I-Blockchain oracles ixazulula ingxaki yokuhambisa ulwazi oluvela kwihlabathi langaphandle kwi-blockchain. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba sazi ukuba ngoobani esinokubathemba.
Π malunga nokuqaliswa kwekhathalogu sabhala ngokubaluleka kwee-oracles ze-blockchain.
Izicelo ezinikezelweyo azikwazi ukufikelela kwidatha ngaphandle kwebhloko. Ngoko ke, iinkqubo ezincinci zenziwa - ii-oracles - ezifumana ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha eziyimfuneko ezivela kwihlabathi langaphandle kwaye zirekhode kwi-blockchain.
Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lomthombo wedatha, ii-oracles zingahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amathathu: isofthiwe, i-hardware kunye nomntu.
Iimpawu zeSoftware ukufumana kunye nokwenza idatha kwi-Intanethi - efana nobushushu bomoya, amaxabiso ezinto zorhwebo, ukulibaziseka koololiwe kunye nenqwelomoya. Ulwazi luvela kwimithombo ye-intanethi efana ne-APIs, kwaye i-oracle ikhupha kwaye ibeke kwi-blockchain. Funda malunga nendlela yokwenza i-oracle yesoftware elula .
Hardware izihlabo ukulandelela izinto kwihlabathi lokwenyani usebenzisa izixhobo kunye nabenzi boluvo. Ngokomzekelo, ikhamera yevidiyo elungiselelwe ukuwela umgca irekhoda iimoto ezingena kwindawo ethile. I-oracle irekhoda inyaniso yokuwela umgca kwi-blockchain, kwaye ngokusekelwe kule datha, iskripthi sesicelo esinikezelweyo sinokuthi, umzekelo, siqalise ukukhutshwa kwentlawulo kunye nokuchithwa kwamathokheni kwi-akhawunti yomnini wemoto.
Izihlabo zoLuntu sebenzisa idatha efakwe ngabantu. Zithathwa njengezona ziqhubela phambili ngenxa yembono yazo ezimeleyo ngesiphumo somsitho.
Sisanda kubonelela ngesixhobo esivumela ukuba idatha ye-oracle ibhalwe kwi-blockchain ngokwenkcazo enikiweyo. Isebenza ngokulula kakhulu: kufuneka ubhalise ngokuzalisa iinkcukacha. Utshintshiselwano lwedatha ke lunokupapashwa ngokwale nkcazo nge-Waves Oracles interface. Funda ngakumbi malunga nesixhobo kwi .
Izixhobo ezinjalo ezisemgangathweni kunye ne-interfaces zenza ubomi bube lula kubo bobabini abaphuhlisi kunye nabasebenzisi beenkonzo ze-blockchain. Isixhobo sethu siluncedo ngokukodwa kwi-oracles yabantu kwaye sinokusetyenziswa, umzekelo, ukurekhoda izatifikethi okanye amalungelo okushicilela kuzo naziphi na izinto.
Kodwa xa usebenzisa izihlabo, umbuzo wokuthembela kwinkcazelo efunyenwe kubo uyaphakama. Ngaba umthombo unokuthenjwa? Ngaba idatha iya kufunyanwa ngexesha? Ukongezelela, kukho umngcipheko wokuba i-oracle iya kubakhohlisa abasebenzisi ngokubonelela ngamabomu ulwazi olungachanekanga ngenzuzo yalo.
Njengomzekelo, qwalasela i-oracle enika ulwazi malunga neziganeko zezemidlalo kutshintshiselwano lokubheja olunabileyo.
Umcimbi ngowona mlo uphambili we-UFC 242 tumente, uKhabib Nurmagomedov vs. UDustin Poirier. Ngokutsho kwababhuki, uNurmagomedov uyintandokazi ecacileyo yomlo. Ungabheja kuloyiso lwakhe nge-odds ye-1,24, ehambelana nethuba le-76%. Amathuba okuba uloyiso lukaPoirier lube yi-4,26 (22%), kwaye amathuba okutsalwa aqikelelwe ngababhuki kuma-51,0 (2%).
Iskripthi yamkela ukubheja komsebenzisi kuzo zontathu iziphumo ezinokwenzeka de ifumane ulwazi kwi-oracle malunga nesiphumo sokwenyani sedabi. Le yikhrayitheriya kuphela yokusasazwa kokuwina.
Ngoku kuyaziwa ukuba uNurmagomedov waphumelela. Nangona kunjalo, makhe sicinge ukuba umnini ongathembekanga we-oracle, ecwangcisa inkohliso kwangaphambili, wabeka ukubheja kwisiphumo ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo - umzobo. Xa ibhanki yokubheja ifikelele kumthamo omkhulu, umnini we-oracle uqalisa ukurekhoda ulwazi lobuxoki kwi-blockchain malunga nesiphumo sokutsalwa kwedabi. Iskripthi sotshintshiselwano esinamagunya asinakho ukuphinda sihlolisise ukuchaneka kwedatha efunyenweyo kwaye sisasaze kuphela ukuphumelela ngokuhambelana nale datha.
Ukuba inzuzo enokuthi ifumaneke kulolu hlobo lwenkohliso iphezulu kunengeniso ecetywayo ye-oracle ethembekileyo, kwaye umngcipheko wokuya enkundleni uphantsi, amathuba okuba izenzo zokungathembeki ngumnini we-oracle ayanda kakhulu.
Esinye isisombululo esinokubakho kwingxaki kukucela idatha kwii-oracle ezininzi kwaye uzise ixabiso lesiphumo kwimvumelwano. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemvumelwano:
- zonke izihlabo zinika ulwazi olufanayo
- inkoliso yezihlabo inikela inkcazelo efanayo (ezi-2 kwezi-3, ezi-3 kwezi-4, njl.)
- ukuzisa idatha ye-oracle kwixabiso eliphakathi (ukhetho lunokwenzeka apho awona maxabiso aphezulu kunye nawona mancinci alahlwayo kuqala)
- zonke ii-oracles zibonelela ngolwazi olufanayo kunye nokunyamezela kwangaphambili (umzekelo, iikowuti zemali ezivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo zinokwahluka ngo-0,00001, kwaye ukufumana umdlalo ochanekileyo ngumsebenzi ongenakwenzeka)
- khetha amaxabiso awodwa kuphela kwidatha efunyenweyo
Masibuyele kutshintshiselwano lwethu lokubheja olunatyisiweyo. Xa usebenzisa "i-3 ngaphandle kwe-4" imvumelwano, enye i-oracle ebika umzobo ayiyi kukwazi ukuchaphazela ukuphunyezwa kweskripthi, ngaphandle kokuba ezinye ii-oracle ezintathu zibonelela ngolwazi oluthembekileyo.
Kodwa umsebenzisi onganyanisekanga unokuba ngabathathu kwezine izihlabo, yaye uya kuba nako ukunika uninzi oluqinisekileyo.
Ukulwela ingqibelelo yee-oracles, unokwazisa ukulinganisa kubo okanye inkqubo yezohlwayo zedatha engathembekanga. Ungathatha kwakhona indlela "yekherothi" kwaye unikeze umvuzo wobunyani. Kodwa akukho manyathelo aya kuphepha ngokupheleleyo, umzekelo, ukulinganisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okanye uninzi olungenabulungisa.
Ngoko ngaba kufanelekile ukusungula iinkonzo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okanye ngaba kuya kukwanela ukuba nesixhobo sokuvumelana esiya kukuvumela, njengakwishelufu yevenkile enkulu, ukuba ukhethe, umzekelo, ii-oracle ezintlanu ezibonelela ngedatha eyimfuneko, seta uhlobo lokuvumelana kwaye ufumane isiphumo?
Umzekelo, isicelo esinatyisiweyo sidinga idatha yobushushu kwiidigri zeCelsius. Kwikhathalogu ye-oracle, sifumana ii-oracles ezine ezibonelela ngedatha enjalo, setha uhlobo lokuvumelana "umyinge" kwaye wenze isicelo.
Masithi izihlabo zinike ezi xabiso zilandelayo: 18, 17, 19 kunye nama-21 degrees. Umahluko weedigri ezithathu unokubaluleka kakhulu ekuphunyezweni kweskripthi. Inkonzo iqhuba umphumo kwaye ifumana ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lobushushu le-18.75 degrees. Iscript sesicelo esinatyisiweyo siya kufumana le nombolo kwaye sisebenze nayo.
Ekugqibeleni, isigqibo sixhomekeke kumthengi: nokuba ngaba ukuthembela kwi-oracle enye kunye nokusebenzisa idatha yayo, okanye ukwakha ukuvumelana kwee-oracle ezininzi ezikhethiweyo ngokubona kwabo.
Kwimeko nayiphi na into, i-data oracles yintsimi entsha. Kukwinqanaba apho abasebenzisi ngokwabo banokumisela ukuba leliphi icala ekufuneka liphuhlisele kulo. Yiyo loo nto sifuna ukuva uluvo lwakho. Ngaba esi sixhobo singasentla siyimfuneko kwizihlabo? Ulibona njani ikamva leengxelo zedatha ngokubanzi? Yabelana ngoluvo lwakho kwizimvo nakwiqela lethu elisemthethweni kwi .
umthombo: www.habr.com