Molweni bahlobo. Rhoqo, ngakumbi ekuthengiseni abantu bangaphandle, ndibona umfanekiso ofanayo. Ukunqongophala kokuhamba komsebenzi okucacileyo kumaqela kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba abaprogram abayiqondi indlela yokunxibelelana nomthengi kunye nomnye. Indlela yokwakha inkqubo eqhubekayo yokuphuhlisa imveliso esemgangathweni. Ulucwangcisa njani usuku lwakho lomsebenzi kunye ne-sprints.
Kwaye konke oku ekugqibeleni kukhokelela kumaxesha amisiweyo, ixesha elongezelelekileyo, ukubonisana rhoqo malunga nokuba ngubani obekek’ ityala, kunye nokungoneliseki kwabathengi ngokuba yonke into ihamba phi kwaye njani. Rhoqo, konke oku kukhokelela kutshintsho lwabadwelisi benkqubo, okanye amaqela ewonke. Ukuphulukana nomthengi, ukuwohloka kodumo, njalo njalo.
Ngaxa lithile, ndagqibela ngokwenza umsebenzi onjalo, apho kwakukho zonke ezi zinto zonwabileyo.
Akukho mntu wayefuna ukuthatha uxanduva lweprojekthi (indawo yentengiso enkulu yenkonzo), ingeniso yayimbi kakhulu, umthengi wayekrazukile kwaye ekhathazekile. I-CEO yakha yeza kum yathi unamava ayimfuneko, ke nanga amakhadi ezandleni zakho. Thatha iprojekthi ngokwakho. Ukuba uyagqwesa, siya kuyivala iprojekthi kwaye sikhuphe wonke umntu. Iza kusebenza, iya kuphola, emva koko uyikhokele kwaye uyiphuhlise njengoko ubona kufanelekile. Ngenxa yoko, ndaba ngumphathi weqela leprojekthi kwaye yonke into yawela emagxeni am.
Into yokuqala endiyenzileyo kukuphuhlisa ukuhamba komsebenzi ukusuka ekuqaleni okuhambelana nombono wam ngelo xesha, kwaye ndabhala inkcazo yomsebenzi kwiqela. Ukuyiphumeza kwakungelula. Kodwa kwisithuba esingangenyanga okanye ke yonke into ihleli phantsi, abaphuhlisi kunye nomthengi baqhelana nayo, kwaye yonke into yahamba ngokuzolileyo nangokukhululeka. Ukuze ubonise iqela ukuba oku kwakungeyona nje "isiqhwithi kwi-teacup", kodwa indlela yokwenene yokuphuma kwimeko, ndathatha ubuninzi beembopheleleko, ndisusa inkqubo engathandekiyo kwiqela.
Unyaka kunye nesiqingatha sele udlulile, kwaye iprojekthi iphuhlisa ngaphandle kwexesha elongezelelweyo, ngaphandle "kweentlanga zeegundane" kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zoxinzelelo. Abanye abantu kwiqela elidala abazange bafune ukusebenza ngolo hlobo kwaye bahamba; abanye, ngokuchaseneyo, babevuyiswa kakhulu kukuba imithetho ecacileyo ibonakala. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, wonke umntu kwiqela ukhuthazekile kwaye uyayazi iprojekthi enkulu ngokupheleleyo, kubandakanya zombini isiphelo kunye nesiphelo sangasemva. Kubandakanya zombini isiseko sekhowudi kunye nayo yonke ingqiqo yeshishini. Ide yafikelela kwinqanaba lokuba singengabo nje “ababheqi”, kodwa thina ngokwethu siza neenkqubo ezininzi zoshishino kunye nezinto ezintsha ezithi ishishini lijike lizithande.
Ngombulelo kule ndlela yethu kwicala lethu, umthengi uthathe isigqibo soku-odola enye indawo yokuthengisa kwinkampani yethu, ezi ziindaba ezimnandi.
Ekubeni oku kusebenza kwiprojekthi yam, mhlawumbi kuya kunceda umntu. Ke, inkqubo ngokwayo eye yasinceda ukuba sigcine iprojekthi:
Inkqubo yomsebenzi weqela kwiprojekthi "Iprojekthi endiyithandayo"
a) Inkqubo yeqela langaphakathi (phakathi kwabaphuhlisi)
- Yonke imiba idalwe kwinkqubo yeJira
- Umsebenzi ngamnye kufuneka uchazwe kangangoko kwaye wenze isenzo esinye ngokungqongqo
- Naluphi na uphawu, ukuba luntsonkothile ngokwaneleyo, lwahlulahlulwe lwaba yimisebenzi emincinci emininzi
- Iqela lisebenza kwiimpawu njengomsebenzi omnye. Okokuqala, sonke sisebenza kunye kwinto enye, siyithumele kuvavanyo, emva koko sithathe elilandelayo.
- Umsebenzi ngamnye uphawulwe, kwi-backend okanye ngaphambili
- Kukho iintlobo zemisebenzi kunye nezinambuzane. Kufuneka uzibonise ngokuchanekileyo.
- Emva kokugqiba umsebenzi, idluliselwa kwimeko yokuhlaziywa kwekhowudi (kule meko, isicelo sokutsalwa senziwe kumntu osebenza naye)
- Umntu ogqibe umsebenzi ngokukhawuleza ulandelela ixesha lakhe kulo msebenzi.
- Emva kokujonga ikhowudi, i-PR iya kuvuma kwaye emva koko, lowo wenze lo msebenzi ngokuzimeleyo udibanisa kwi-master branch, emva koko utshintshe isimo sayo ukuze ulungele ukuthunyelwa kwi-server ye-dev.
- Yonke imisebenzi elungele ukuthunyelwa kwiseva ye-dev ihanjiswa liqela elikhokelayo (indawo yakhe yoxanduva), ngamanye amaxesha lilungu leqela, ukuba kukho into engxamisekileyo. Emva kokuthunyelwa, yonke imisebenzi esuka ekulungele ukuthunyelwa ukuya kwi-dev idluliselwa kwimeko- ilungele ukuvavanywa kwi-dev.
- Yonke imisebenzi ivavanywa ngumthengi
- Xa umthengi evavanye umsebenzi kwi-dev, uyidlulisela kwisimo esilungele ukuthunyelwa kwimveliso.
- Ukuthunyelwa kwimveliso, sinesebe elahlukileyo, apho sidibanisa inkosi kuphela ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa
- Ukuba ngexesha lokuvavanya umthengi ufumana i-bugs, ubuyisela umsebenzi wokuhlaziya, ukubeka ubume bayo njengoko bubuyiselwe ukuhlaziywa. Ngale ndlela sahlulahlula imisebenzi emitsha kuleyo ingaluphumelelanga uvavanyo.
- Ngenxa yoko, yonke imisebenzi isuka ekudalweni iye ekugqityweni: Ukwenza → Kuphuhliso → Uphononongo lweKhowudi → Lungele ukuthunyelwa kwi-dev → QA kwi-dev → (Buyela kwi-dev) → Ukulungele ukusasaza kwimveliso → QA kwimveliso → Kwenziwe.
- Umphuhlisi ngamnye uvavanya ikhowudi yakhe ngokuzimeleyo, kubandakanywa nomsebenzisi wesayithi. Akuvumelekanga ukudibanisa isebe kwiyona nto iphambili ngaphandle kokuba iyaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ikhowudi isebenza.
- Wonke umsebenzi unokubaluleka. Izinto eziphambili zisetwa nokuba ngumthengi okanye iqela elikhokelayo.
- Abaphuhlisi bagqibezela imisebenzi ephambili kuqala.
- Abaphuhlisi banokunika imisebenzi omnye komnye ukuba iibugs ezahlukeneyo zifunyenwe kwinkqubo okanye umsebenzi omnye uquka umsebenzi weengcaphephe ezininzi.
- Yonke imisebenzi eyenziwa ngumthengi iya kwiqela elikhokelayo, elivavanyayo kwaye mhlawumbi licele umthengi ukuba aliguqule okanye abele elinye lamalungu eqela.
- Yonke imisebenzi elungele ukuthunyelwa kwi-dev okanye i-prod nayo iya kwiqela elikhokelayo, elimisela ngokuzimeleyo ukuba nini kwaye njani ukuthunyelwa. Emva kokuthunyelwa ngalunye, iqela elikhokelayo (okanye ilungu leqela) kufuneka lixelele umthengi malunga noku. Kwaye utshintshe amanani emisebenzi ukuba alungele ukuvavanywa kwi-dev/cont.
- Yonke imihla ngexesha elinye (kuthina ngo-12.00) sibamba intlanganiso phakathi kwawo onke amalungu eqela
- Wonke umntu okwintlanganiso unika ingxelo, kuquka nenkokeli yeqela, ngento abayenze izolo kunye nabaceba ukuyenza namhlanje. Yintoni engasebenziyo kwaye kutheni. Ngale ndlela iqela lonke liyazi ukuba ngubani owenza ntoni kwaye leliphi inqanaba leprojekthi. Oku kusinika ithuba lokuqikelela nokulungelelanisa, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uqikelelo lwethu kunye nemihla ebekiweyo.
- Kwintlanganiso, iqela elikhokelayo lithetha malunga nalo lonke utshintsho kwiprojekthi kunye nenqanaba leebhugi zangoku ezingakhange zifunyanwe ngumthengi. Zonke iibugs zilungiswa kwaye zabelwe ilungu ngalinye leqela ukuba lizisombulule.
- Kwintlanganiso, inkokeli yeqela inika imisebenzi kumntu ngamnye, ngokuqwalasela umthwalo wangoku wabaphuhlisi, inqanaba labo loqeqesho lobuchwephesha, kunye nokuqwalasela ukusondela komsebenzi othile kwinto eyenziwa ngumthuthukisi ngoku.
- Kwintlanganiso, inkokeli yeqela iphuhlisa isicwangciso esiqhelekileyo soyilo kunye nengqiqo yezoshishino. Emva koko iqela lonke lixoxa ngale nto kwaye lithatha isigqibo sokwenza uhlengahlengiso okanye ukwamkela esi sicwangciso.
- Umphuhlisi ngamnye ubhala ikhowudi kwaye akhe i-algorithms ngokuzimeleyo ngaphakathi kwesakhelo soyilo olulodwa kunye nengqiqo yezoshishino. Wonke umntu unokuvakalisa umbono wakhe wokuphunyezwa, kodwa akukho mntu unyanzela nabani na ukuba enze ngale ndlela kwaye kungekhona ngenye indlela. Sonke isigqibo siyathetheleleka. Ukuba kukho isisombululo esingcono, kodwa akukho xesha lalo ngoku, ngoko umsebenzi wenziwa ngamanqatha ukwenzela ukuhlaziya ikamva lenxalenye ethile yekhowudi.
- Xa umphuhlisi ethatha umsebenzi, uwudlulisela kwisimo sophuhliso. Lonke unxibelelwano malunga nokucaciswa komsebenzi kunye nomthengi uwela emagxeni omphuhlisi. Imibuzo yobugcisa inokubuzwa kwiqela elikhokelayo okanye oogxa.
- Ukuba umphuhlisi akayiqondi ingundoqo yomsebenzi, kwaye umthengi akakwazanga ukucacisa ngokucacileyo, ngoko uqhubela phambili kumsebenzi olandelayo. Kwaye iqela elikhokelayo lithatha eli langoku kwaye lixoxe ngayo nomthengi.
- Yonke imihla, umphuhlisi kufuneka abhale kwincoko yomthengi malunga nokuba yeyiphi imisebenzi asebenze kuyo izolo kwaye yeyiphi imisebenzi aza kusebenza kuyo namhlanje.
- Inkqubo yomsebenzi yenzeka ngokweScram. Yonke into yahlulwe yaba yi-sprints. I-sprint nganye ithatha iiveki ezimbini.
- I-Sprints iyadalwa, izaliswe kwaye ivalwe liqela elikhokelayo.
- Ukuba iprojekthi inemihla yokugqibela engqongqo, ngoko sizama ukuqikelela yonke imisebenzi. Kwaye sizidibanisa zibe yi-sprint. Ukuba umthengi uzama ukongeza imisebenzi emininzi kwi-sprint, ngoko sibeka izinto eziphambili kwaye sidlulisele eminye imisebenzi kwi-sprint elandelayo.
b) Inkqubo yokusebenza nomthengi
- Wonke umphuhlisi unako kwaye kufuneka anxibelelane nomthengi
- Umthengi akanakuvunyelwa ukuba abeke imithetho yakhe yomdlalo. Kuyafuneka ukuba siyenze icace kumthengi ngendlela echubekileyo nenobubele ukuba siziingcali kwintsimi yethu, kwaye kuphela kufuneka sakhe iinkqubo zokusebenza kwaye sibandakanye umthengi kuzo.
- Kuyimfuneko, ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukuphumeza nayiphi na imisebenzi, ukwenza i-flowchart yayo yonke inkqubo yengqiqo yesici (ukuhamba komsebenzi). Kwaye uyithumele kumthengi ukuze iqinisekise. Oku kusebenza kuphela kwimisebenzi enzima kwaye engabonakaliyo, umzekelo, inkqubo yokuhlawula, inkqubo yesaziso, njl. Oku kuya kusivumela ukuba siqonde ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ayifunayo umthengi, sigcine amaxwebhu enqaku, kwaye siziqinisekise malunga nokuba umthengi usenokuthi kwixa elizayo asikwenzanga oko akucelileyo.
- Yonke imizobo/iflowu-tshati/ingqiqo njl.njl. Siyigcina kwi-Confluence / Fat, apho sicela umthengi ukuba aqinisekise ukuchaneka kokuphunyezwa kwexesha elizayo kumazwana.
- Sizama ukungathwali umthwalo kumthengi ngeenkcukacha zobuchwepheshe. Ukuba sifuna ukuqonda indlela umthengi afuna ngayo, ngoko sizoba ii-algorithms zamandulo ngendlela ye-flowchart umthengi anokuqonda kwaye alungise / aguqule yonke into ngokwakhe.
- Ukuba umthengi ufumana i-bug kwiprojekthi, ngoko sikucela ukuba uyichaze ngokubanzi kwiZhira. Ngaphantsi kweziphi iimeko ezenzekayo, nini, yintoni ukulandelelana kwezenzo ezenziwa ngumthengi ngexesha lokuvavanya. Nceda uqhoboshele imifanekiso yesikrini.
- Sizama yonke imihla, yonke enye imini kakhulu, ukuhambisa kwiseva ye-dev. Umthengi ke uqala ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwaye iprojekthi ayimi ingasebenzi. Kwangaxeshanye, oku kukumakisha umthengi ukuba iprojekthi ikuphuhliso olupheleleyo kwaye akukho mntu umxelela iintsomi.
- Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba umthengi akayiqondi ngokupheleleyo into ayifunayo. Kuba uzenzela ishishini elitsha, elineenkqubo ezingekasekwa. Ke ngoko, imeko eqhelekileyo kuxa siphosa amaqhekeza apheleleyo ekhowudi kwinkunkuma kwaye siyila kwakhona ingqiqo yesicelo. Oku kulandela ukuba akufuneki uvale yonke into ngovavanyo. Iyavakala ukugubungela kuphela ukusebenza okubalulekileyo ngovavanyo, kwaye emva koko kuphela ngogcino.
- Kukho iimeko apho iqela liqonda ukuba asihlangani nemihla ebekiweyo. Emva koko siqhuba uphicotho olukhawulezayo lwemisebenzi kwaye ngokukhawuleza sazise umthengi ngayo. Njengendlela yokuphuma kwimeko, sicebisa ukuqalisa umsebenzi obalulekileyo kunye nobalulekileyo ngexesha, kwaye ushiye ukuphumla emva kokukhululwa.
- Ukuba umthengi uqala ukuza nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ephuma entlokweni yakhe, uqala ukucinga kunye nokuchaza ngeminwe yakhe, ngoko simcela ukuba asinike uluhlu lwephepha kunye nokuhamba ngengqiqo ekufuneka ichaze ngokupheleleyo ukuziphatha koyilo lonke kwaye izinto zayo.
- Ngaphambi kokuba sithathe nawuphi na umsebenzi, kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba eli nqaku libandakanyiwe kwimiqathango yesivumelwano/sekhontrakthi yethu. Ukuba le yinto entsha ehamba ngaphaya kwezivumelwano zethu zokuqala, ngoko ke kufuneka sixabise olu phawu ((ixesha eliqikelelweyo lokugqiba + 30%) x 2) kwaye sibonise umthengi ukuba kuya kusithatha ixesha elide ukuyigqiba, kunye ixesha elibekiweyo liyatshintshwa liqikelelo lexesha eliphindwe kabini. Masenze umsebenzi ngokukhawuleza - mkhulu, wonke umntu uya kuxhamla kuwo. Ukuba akunjalo, siyakugubungela.
c) Esingakwamkeliyo kwiqela:
- Ukungazimiseli, ukungazithembi, ukulibala
- "Ukutya isidlo sakusasa." Ukuba awukwazi ukugqiba umsebenzi kwaye ungazi njani, ngoko kufuneka uxelele iqela elikhokelayo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ungalindi kude kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela.
- Iibhrawuthi kunye nokuqhayisa kumntu ongekabonakali amandla akhe kunye nobuchule bakhe. Ukuba iqinisekisiwe, ngoko inokwenzeka, ngaphakathi kwemida yesidima :)
- Inkohliso kuzo zonke iindlela zayo. Ukuba umsebenzi awugqitywanga, ngoko akufanele utshintshe isimo sawo ukugqiba kwaye ubhale kwingxoxo yomxhasi ukuba ulungile. Ikhompyuter yaphuka, inkqubo yaqhekeka, inja yahlafuna ilaptop - konke oku akwamkelekanga. Ukuba isiganeko sokwenene samandla majeure senzeke, umkhokeli weqela kufuneka aziswe ngokukhawuleza.
- Xa ingcali i-offline ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye kunzima ukufikelela kuyo ngexesha leeyure zokusebenza.
- Ubutyhefu kwiqela akuvumelekanga! Ukuba umntu akavumelani nento ethile, ngoko ke wonke umntu uhlanganisana kunye kwi-rally kwaye axoxe kwaye enze isigqibo malunga nayo.
Kwaye inani lemibuzo / ithisisi endikhe ndiyibuze umthengi wam ukuba acacise konke ukungaqondi:
- Ziziphi iimpawu zakho zomgangatho?
- Ufumanisa njani ukuba iprojekthi ineengxaki okanye ayikho?
- Ngokuphula zonke iingcebiso zethu kunye neengcebiso malunga nokutshintsha / ukuphucula inkqubo, zonke iingozi zithwalwa nguwe kuphela
- Naluphi na utshintsho olukhulu kwiprojekthi (umzekelo, zonke iintlobo zokuhamba okungaphezulu) ziya kukhokelela ekubonakaleni okunokwenzeka kweempazamo (esiya kuthi, ngokuqinisekileyo, sizilungise)
- Akunakwenzeka ukuqonda kwimizuzu embalwa ukuba luhlobo luni lwengxaki olwenzekile kwiprojekthi, singancinci ukuyilungisa ngokukhawuleza
- Sisebenza kwimveliso ethile yokuhamba (Imisebenzi kwiZhira - Uphuhliso - Uvavanyo - Ukusabalalisa). Oku kuthetha ukuba asikwazi ukuphendula kulo lonke uhambo lwezicelo kunye nezikhalazo kwingxoxo.
- Abadwelisi benkqubo ngabaprogram, hayi abavavanyi abaziingcali, kwaye abanakuqinisekisa umgangatho ofanelekileyo wovavanyo lweprojekthi
- Uxanduva lovavanyo lokugqibela kunye nokwamkelwa kwemisebenzi yemveliso kukuwe ngokupheleleyo
- Ukuba sele siwuthathile umsebenzi, asinakutshintshela ngokukhawuleza kwabanye de siwugqibe lo wangoku (kungenjalo oku kukhokelela kwiimpazamo ezininzi kunye nexesha elongeziweyo lophuhliso)
- Kukho abantu abambalwa kwiqela (ngenxa yeholide okanye izigulo), kodwa kukho umsebenzi omninzi kwaye ngokwasemzimbeni asiyi kuba nexesha lokuphendula kuyo yonke into oyifunayo.
- Siyakucela ukuba wenze ukuthunyelwa kwimveliso ngaphandle kwemisebenzi evavanyiweyo kwi-dev - oku kumngcipheko wakho kuphela, hayi abaphuhlisi.
- Xa ubeka imisebenzi engacacanga, ngaphandle kokuhamba okuchanekileyo, ngaphandle koyilo loyilo, oku kufuna umgudu ongakumbi kunye nexesha lokuphumeza elivela kuthi, kuba kufuneka senze isixa esongezelelweyo somsebenzi endaweni yakho.
- Nayiphi na imisebenzi kwiibugs, ngaphandle kwenkcazo eneenkcukacha yokwenzeka kwazo kunye nescreenshots, musa ukusinika ithuba lokuqonda ukuba yintoni eyonakeleyo kwaye singayilungisa njani le bug.
- Iprojekthi ifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokuphuculwa kokuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, iqela lichitha ixesha lalo kolu phuculo
- Ngenxa yokuba sinexesha elongezelelekileyo ngeyure (ulungiso olungxamisekileyo), kufuneka sibabuyekeze ngezinye iintsuku.
Njengomthetho, umthengi uyaqonda ngokukhawuleza ukuba yonke into ayilula kangako kuphuhliso lwesoftware, kwaye umnqweno wodwa ngokucacileyo akwanelanga.
Ngokubanzi, kuphelele apho. Ndishiya ngasemva kweengxoxo ezininzi kunye nokulungiswa kokuqala kwazo zonke iinkqubo, kodwa ngenxa yoko, yonke into yasebenza. Ndingatsho ukuba le nkqubo yaba luhlobo lwe "Silver Bullet" kuthi. Abantu abatsha abeza kule projekthi banokubandakanyeka ngokukhawuleza emsebenzini ukususela kusuku lokuqala, kuba zonke iinkqubo zichazwe, kwaye amaxwebhu kunye noyilo lwezakhiwo ngendlela yemizobo ngokukhawuleza banike ingcamango yento esiyenzayo apha.
PS Ndingathanda ukucacisa ukuba akukho mphathi weprojekthi kwicala lethu. Ikwicala lomthengi. Hayi i-techie kwaphela. Iprojekthi yaseYurophu. Lonke unxibelelwano lungesiNgesi kuphela.
Inhlanhla kuye wonke umntu kwiiprojekthi zakho. Musa ukuvutha kwaye uzame ukuphucula iinkqubo zakho.
Umthombo kweyam .
umthombo: www.habr.com