Ukuprintwa kweminwe kwisikhangeli: yintoni, isebenza njani, ingaba iyaphula umthetho kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela. Icandelo lesi-1

Ukusuka ku-Selectel: eli nqaku lelokuqala kuthotho lweenguqulelo zenqaku elineenkcukacha malunga nokuprintwa kweminwe kunye nendlela itekhnoloji esebenza ngayo. Nantsi yonke into obufuna ukuyazi kodwa woyika ukuyibuza ngalo mxholo.

Yintoni iminwe yesikhangeli?

Le yindlela esetyenziswa ziisayithi kunye neenkonzo zokulandelela iindwendwe. Abasebenzisi babelwa isazisi esisodwa (ushicilelo lweminwe). Iqulethe ulwazi oluninzi malunga nezicwangciso kunye nobuchule besiphequluli sabasebenzisi, esisetyenziselwa ukuchonga. Ukongeza, umnwe womkhangeli zincwadi uvumela iisayithi ukuba zilandele iipatheni zokuziphatha ukuze zichonge abasebenzisi ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi.

Ububodwa buphantse bufane naleyo yeminwe yokwenyani. Kuphela ngabo bamva baqokelelwa ngamapolisa ukuze akhangele abarhanelwa bolwaphulo-mthetho. Kodwa itekhnoloji yokuprinta ngeminwe yesikhangeli ayisetyenziswanga ukulandela izaphuli-mthetho. Ngapha koko, asingozaphuli mthetho apha, akunjalo?

Yeyiphi idatha eqokelelwa yiminwe yesikhangeli?

Sasisazi ukuba umntu unokulandelwa yi-IP emva kweentsuku zokuqala ze-Intanethi. Kodwa kule meko yonke into inzima kakhulu. Umkhangeli weminwe uquka idilesi ye-IP, kodwa oku akulona lwazi lubalulekileyo. Ngapha koko, i-IP ayidingeki ukukuchonga.

Ngokophando I-EFF (i-Electronic Frontier Foundation), umnwe womkhangeli zincwadi uquka:

• I-arhente yomsebenzisi (kubandakanywa kungekhona kuphela isikhangeli, kodwa kunye nenguqulo ye-OS, uhlobo lwesixhobo, izicwangciso zolwimi, iibar zesixhobo, njl.).
• Ixesha lendawo.
• Isisombululo sesikrini kunye nobunzulu bombala.
• Iicookies ezinkulu.
• Iisetingi ze-cookie.
• Iifonti zenkqubo.
• Iiplagi zebrowser kunye neenguqulelo zazo.
• Ndwendwela log.

Ngokophononongo lwe-EFF, ukungafani kweminwe yesikhangeli kuphezulu kakhulu. Ukuba sithetha ngezibalo, kube kanye kuphela kwiimeko ezingama-286777 apho umdlalo opheleleyo weminwe yesikhangeli sabasebenzisi ababini abohlukeneyo kwenzeka.

Ngokutsho ngaphezulu isifundo esinye, ukuchaneka kokuchongwa komsebenzisi usebenzisa i-fingerprint ye-browser yi-99,24%. Ukutshintsha enye yeeparamitha zesiphequluli kunciphisa ukuchaneka kokuchongwa komsebenzisi kuphela nge-0,3%. Kukho iimvavanyo zeminwe yomkhangeli zincwadi ebonisa ukuba lungakanani ulwazi oluqokelelwayo.

Ingaba i-browser fingerprinting isebenza njani?

Kutheni kunokwenzeka ukuqokelela ulwazi lwesikhangeli konke konke? Ilula - isikhangeli sakho sinxibelelana neseva yewebhu xa ucela idilesi yendawo. Kwimeko eqhelekileyo, iisayithi kunye neenkonzo zinikezela ngesazisi esisodwa kumsebenzisi.

Ngokomzekelo, "gh5d443ghjflr123ff556ggf".

Olu luhlu lweeleta kunye namanani angaqhelekanga anceda umncedisi ukuba akwazi, anxulumanise isikhangeli sakho kunye nezinto ozikhethayo kunye nawe. Izenzo ozenzayo kwi-intanethi ziya kwabelwa malunga nekhowudi efanayo.

Ke, ukuba ungenile kwi-Twitter, apho kukho ulwazi malunga nawe, yonke le datha iya kudityaniswa ngokuzenzekelayo nesichongi esifanayo.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, le khowudi ayiyi kuba nawe yonke imihla yakho. Ukuba uqala ukusefa kwisixhobo esahlukileyo okanye isikhangeli, i-ID iya kutshintsha nayo.

Iiwebhusayithi ziqokelela njani idatha yomsebenzisi?

Yinkqubo yemigangatho emibini esebenza kwicala lomncedisi kunye necala lomxhasi.

Icala lomncedisi

Iilogi zokufikelela kwisiza

Kule meko, sithetha ngokuqokelela idatha ethunyelwe ngumkhangeli. Ubuncinci oku:

• Iprothokholi eceliweyo.
• I-URL eceliweyo.
• IP yakho.
• Umbhekisi.
• Umsebenzisi-arhente.

Izihloko

Iiseva zewebhu zizifumana kwisikhangeli sakho. Izihloko zibalulekile kuba zikuvumela ukuba uqiniseke ukuba indawo eceliweyo isebenza kunye nesikhangeli sakho.

Umzekelo, ulwazi lweheader luvumela indawo ukuba yazi ukuba usebenzisa idesktop okanye isixhobo esiphathwayo. Kwimeko yesibini, ukuhanjiswa kwakhona kuya kwenzeka kwinguqulelo elungiselelwe izixhobo eziphathwayo. Ngelishwa, le datha inye iya kuphelela kwiminwe yakho.

Ikhukhi

Yonke into icacile apha. Iiseva zewebhu zihlala zitshintshisa iikuki kunye nezikhangeli. Ukuba uvumela iikuki kwiisetingi zakho, zigcinwa kwisixhobo sakho kwaye zithunyelwe kwiseva ngalo lonke ixesha ufikelela kwindawo okhe wayindwendwela ngaphambili.

Iikuki zikunceda usef ngokukhululeka, kodwa zikwaveza ulwazi oluninzi ngawe.

Ushicilelo lweminwe lweCanvas

Le ndlela isebenzisa i-HTML5 canvas element, ethi i-WebGL iphinde isebenzise ukunika i-2D kunye ne-3D yemizobo kwisikhangeli.

Le ndlela ikholisa ukunyanzela isikhangeli ukuba siqhubekekise umxholo wegraphic, ukuquka imifanekiso, umbhalo, okanye zombini. Le nkqubo ayibonakali kuwe kuba yonke into yenzeka ngasemva.

Nje ukuba inkqubo igqitywe, ushicilelo lweminwe ngeseyile lujikela umzobo ube yihashi, ethi ibe seso sichongi sikhethekileyo sithethe ngaso ngasentla.

Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ulwazi olulandelayo malunga nesixhobo sakho:

• Iadaptha yemizobo.
• Umqhubi weadaptha yemizobo.
• Iprosesa (ukuba akukho chip ezinikeleyo yemizobo).
• Iifonti ezifakiweyo.

Ukugawulwa kwecala lomthengi

Oku kuthatha ukuba isikhangeli sakho sitshintshiselana ngolwazi oluninzi ku:

IAdobe Flash kunye neJavaScript

Ngokutsho kwe-FAQ AmIUnique, ukuba uneJavaScript eyenziwe yasebenza, ngoko idata malunga neeplagi zakho okanye iinkcukacha zehardware ihanjiswa ngaphandle.

Ukuba iFlash ifakiwe kwaye yenziwe yasebenza, oku kubonelela umntu wesithathu obukeleyo ngolwazi olungakumbi, kuquka:

• Indawo yakho yexesha.
• Uguqulelo lwe-OS.
• Isisombululo sesikrini.
• Gqibezela uluhlu lwamagama afakwe kwisixokelelwano.

Ikhukhi

Badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekugawulweni kwemithi. Ke, kuya kufuneka ugqibe ekubeni uvumele isikhangeli ukuba sisebenze iikuki okanye zicime ngokupheleleyo.

Kwimeko yokuqala, iseva yewebhu ifumana ngokulula isixa esikhulu solwazi malunga nesixhobo sakho kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. Ukuba awuzamkeli iikuki, iisayithi zisaza kufumana ulwazi malunga nesikhangeli sakho.

Kutheni i-browser fingerprinting ifuneka?

Ubukhulu becala ukuze umsebenzisi wesixhobo afumane iwebhusayithi elungiselelwe isixhobo sakhe, kungakhathaliseki ukuba usebenzisa i-Intanethi kwitablet okanye ismartphone.

Ukongeza, iteknoloji isetyenziselwa intengiso. Esi sisixhobo nje esigqibeleleyo sokumbiwa kwedatha.

Ke, emva kokufumana ulwazi oluqokelelwe ngumncedisi, ababoneleli bempahla okanye iinkonzo banokudala amaphulo eentengiso ajolise ngokucokisekileyo kunye nomntu. Ukuchaneka kokujolisa kuphezulu kakhulu kunokusebenzisa iidilesi ze-IP kuphela.

Umzekelo, abathengisi banokusebenzisa umnwe wokuprinta kwibhrawuza ukufumana uluhlu lwabasebenzisi besiza abanezisombululo zesikrini zinokuthathwa ngokuba ziphantsi (umzekelo, 1300*768) abafuna iimonitha ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwivenkile ekwi-intanethi yomthengisi. Okanye abasebenzisi abavele bangene kwisiza ngaphandle kwenjongo yokuthenga nantoni na.

Ulwazi olufunyenweyo lunokuthi lusetyenziswe ukujolisa kwintengiso yomgangatho ophezulu, iimonitha eziphezulu zokujonga kubasebenzisi abaneziboniso ezincinci kunye neziphelelwe lixesha.

Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yokuprinta iminwe yesikhangeli ikwasetyenziselwa:

• Ubuqhetseba kunye nokufunyanwa kwebhotnet. Lo ngumsebenzi oluncedo ngokwenene kwiibhanki kunye nemibutho yezemali. Bakuvumela ukuba wahlule ukuziphatha komsebenzisi kumsebenzi womhlaseli.
• Inkcazo yeVPN kunye nabasebenzisi bommeleli. Iiarhente zobuntlola zinokusebenzisa le ndlela ukulandelela abasebenzisi be-Intanethi ngeedilesi ze-IP ezifihliweyo.

Ekugqibeleni, nokuba ukuprintwa kweminwe kwisiphequluli kusetyenziselwa iinjongo ezisemthethweni, kusekubi kakhulu kubumfihlo bomsebenzisi. Ngokukodwa ukuba aba bamva bazama ukuzikhusela ngokusebenzisa i-VPN.

Ngaphezu koko, iminwe yesikhangeli inokuba ngumhlobo osenyongweni we-hacker. Ukuba bayazazi iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo zesixhobo sakho, banokusebenzisa izinto ezikhethekileyo zokuqhekeza isixhobo. Akukho nto inzima malunga nale nto - nayiphi na i-cybercriminal inokudala iwebhusayithi yobuxoki kunye neskripthi seminwe.

Masikukhumbuze ukuba eli nqaku licandelo lokuqala kuphela, kukho ezimbini ezizayo. Bajongana nokuba semthethweni kokuqokelela idatha yobuqu kubasebenzisi, ukubanakho ukusebenzisa le datha, kunye neendlela zokhuseleko ngokuchasene “nabaqokeleli” abasebenzayo.

umthombo: www.habr.com