Itopology yenethiwekhi
Iinjongo
- Ukudala indlela eMiselweyo eSiseko
- Ukubeka indlela edadayo engatshintshiyo
- Uvavanyo lokutshintshela kwindlela edadayo engatshintshiyo xa indlela engundoqo isilela
Ulwazi jikelele
Ke, okokuqala, amagama ambalwa malunga nokuba yintoni indlela engashukumiyo kunye nendlela edadayo. Ngokungafaniyo nendlela eguqukayo, indlela engatshintshiyo ifuna ukuba wakhe ngokuzimeleyo indlela eya kuthungelwano oluthile. Indlela edadayo engatshintshiyo ibonelela ngendlela yogcino kuthungelwano lwendawo ukuba indlela yokuqala ayiphumelelanga.
Ukusebenzisa inethwekhi yethu njengomzekelo, "Indlela yoMda" ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ineendlela eziqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-ISP1, ISP2, LAN_1 kunye ne-LAN_2 inethiwekhi.
Ukudala indlela eMiselweyo eSiseko
Phambi kokuba sithethe ngendlela yokugcina, kufuneka kuqala sakhe eyona ndlela iphambili. Vumela indlela ephambili esuka kwi-router edge idlule kwi-ISP1 ukuya kwi-Intanethi, kwaye indlela nge-ISP2 iya kuba yi-backup. Ukwenza oku, seta indlela engatshintshiyo engatshintshiyo kwi-router edge kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi:
Edge_Router>en
Edge_Router#conf t
Edge_Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/0
apho:
- amasuntswana angama-32 eqanda yidilesi yenethiwekhi yendawo ekuyiwa kuyo;
- iibhithi zesibini ezingama-32 zerosi yimaski yenethiwekhi;
- I-s0/0/0 lujongano oluphumayo lwe-router edge, eqhagamshelwe kwinethiwekhi ye-ISP1.
Olu ngeniso lubonisa ukuba iipakethi ezifika kumda womzila ukusuka kwi-LAN_1 okanye i-LAN_2 ziqulethe idilesi yendawo yenethiwekhi engekho kwitafile yomzila, ziya kuthunyelwa kwi-interface s0/0/0.
Makhe sijonge itafile yendlela yerouter kwaye sithumele i-ping kwiseva yewebhu ukusuka kwiPC-A okanye kwiPC-B:
Siyabona ukuba ungeno lwendlela engatshintshiyo engagqibekanga yongezwe kwitafile yomzila (njengoko kungqinwa yi-S* entry). Masilandele indlela ukusuka kwi-PC-A okanye kwi-PC-B ukuya kwiseva yewebhu:
I-hop yokuqala isuka kwi-PC-B ukuya kwidilesi ye-IP yendawo ye-edge 192.168.11.1. I-hop yesibini isuka kwi-router edge ukuya kwi-10.10.10.1 (ISP1). Khumbula, siya kuthelekisa iinguqu kamva.
Ukubeka indlela edadayo engatshintshiyo
Ngoko ke, eyona ndlela ingundoqo yakhiwe. Okulandelayo, senza, enyanisweni, indlela edadayo edadayo ngenethiwekhi ye-ISP2. Inkqubo yokudala indlela edadayo edadayo ayahlukanga kwindlela eqhelekileyo engatshintshiyo, ngaphandle kokuba eyokuqala ichaza umgama wolawulo. Umgama wolawulo ubhekiselele kwiqondo lokuthembeka kwendlela. Inyani yeyokuba umgama wolawulo wendlela engashukumiyo ilingana nenye, nto leyo ethetha ukubekwa phambili ngokupheleleyo kwiprothokholi eziguquguqukayo, umgama wazo wolawulo umkhulu ngokuphindwe kaninzi, ngaphandle kweendlela zasekhaya - kubo ilingana no-zero. Ngokufanelekileyo, xa usenza indlela edadayo engatshintshiyo, kufuneka uchaze umgama wolawulo omkhulu kunomnye, umzekelo, 5. Ngoko ke, indlela edadayo ayiyi kuba nokubaluleka kuhola wendlela engatshintshiyo, kodwa ngexesha lokungafumaneki kwayo, indlela engagqibekanga. iya kuthathwa njengeyona iphambili.
Isivakalisi sokuchaza indlela edadayo edadayo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Edge_Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/1 5apho:
- I-5 lixabiso lomgama wolawulo;
- I-s0/0/1 lujongano oluphuma kumda womzila oqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano lwe-ISP2.
Ndingathanda ukuthetha ngoko nangoko Ngelixa indlela ephambili ikwimeko yokusebenza, indlela edadayo engatshintshiyo ayizukuboniswa kwitheyibhile yokuhola. Ukuqinisekisa ngakumbi, masibonise imixholo yetafile yomzila ngexesha apho indlela ephambili ikwimo elungileyo:
Uyakwazi ukubona ukuba itafile yokuqhuba isabonisa indlela engagqibekanga engundoqo engatshintshiyo kunye nojongano lwemveliso Uthotho0/0/0 kwaye azikho ezinye iindlela ezingashukumiyo eziboniswayo kwitheyibhile yokubonisa.
Uvavanyo lokutshintshela kwindlela edadayo engatshintshiyo xa indlela engundoqo isilela
Kwaye ngoku eyona inomdla kakhulu: Masilinganise ukusilela kwendlela ephambili. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokukhubaza ujongano kwinqanaba lesoftware, okanye ukususa ngokulula unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-router kunye ne-ISP1. Khubaza iSerial0/0/0 ujongano lwendlela engundoqo:
Edge_Router>en
Edge_Router#conf t
Edge_Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Edge_Router(config-if)#shutdown
... kwaye ngokukhawuleza ubaleke ujonge itafile yokukhokela:
Kulo mfanekiso ungasentla, ungabona ukuba emva kokuba indlela engundoqo engatshintshiyo isilele, ujongano lwemveliso uSeri0/0/0 lutshintshelwe kuthotho0/0/1. Kumkhondo wokuqala esiwubaleke ngaphambili, i-hop elandelayo ukusuka kwi-router edge yayisiya kwidilesi ye-IP 10.10.10.1. Masithelekise iinguqu ngokuphinda silandele ngokusebenzisa indlela yokugcina:
Ngoku inguqu ukusuka kwi-router edge ukuya kwi-server yewebhu ngedilesi ye-IP 10.10.10.5 (ISP2).
Ewe kunjalo, iindlela ezingatshintshiyo zinokubonwa ngokubonisa uhlengahlengiso lwangoku lomzila:
Edge_Router>en
Edge_Router#show run
umthombo: www.habr.com