Kutheni kubalulekile ukuqinisekiswa kweSoftware kwiSitora sakho sokuFumana okuPhezulu (99,9999%)

Yeyiphi inguqulo ye-firmware eyona "ichanekileyo" kunye "nokusebenza"? Ukuba inkqubo yokugcina iqinisekisa ukunyamezela impazamo ye-99,9999%, ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba kuya kusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngaphandle kokuhlaziywa kwesofthiwe? Okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ukufumana ukunyamezela impazamo enkulu, kufuneka uhlale ufaka i-firmware yamva nje? Siza kuzama ukuphendula le mibuzo ngokusekelwe kumava ethu.

Intshayelelo emfutshane

Sonke siyaqonda ukuba inguqulelo nganye yesoftware, nokuba yinkqubo yokusebenza okanye umqhubi wesixhobo, ihlala ineziphene/iimpazamo kunye nezinye “iinkalo” ezinokuthi “zingabonakali” de kube sekupheleni kobomi benkonzo yesixhobo, okanye “ukuvulwa” kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Inani kunye nokubaluleka kwee-nuances ezinjalo kuxhomekeke kubunzima (ukusebenza) kwesofthiwe kunye nomgangatho wokuvavanya ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwayo. 

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abasebenzisi bahlala "kwi-firmware evela kwi-factory" (eyaziwayo "iyasebenza, ngoko musa ukuphazamisana nayo") okanye uhlale ufaka inguqu yamva nje (ekuqondeni kwabo, iindlela zamva nje zisebenza kakhulu). Sisebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo - sijonga amanqaku okukhululwa kuyo yonke into esetyenzisiweyo kwilifu lemClouds izixhobo kwaye ukhethe ngononophelo i-firmware efanelekileyo kwisixhobo ngasinye.

Safikelela kwesi sigqibo, njengoko besitsho, ngamava. Ukusebenzisa umzekelo wethu wokusebenza, siya kukuxelela ukuba kutheni ukuthembeka kwe-99,9999% yeenkqubo zokugcina kuthetha nto ukuba awukhangeli ngokukhawuleza uhlaziyo lwesofthiwe kunye neenkcazo. Icala lethu lifanelekile kubasebenzisi beenkqubo zokugcina ukusuka kunoma yimuphi umthengisi, ekubeni imeko efanayo inokwenzeka nge-hardware evela kunoma yimuphi umenzi.

Ukukhetha iNkqubo eNtsha yokuGcina

Ekupheleni konyaka odlulileyo, inkqubo yokugcina idatha enomdla yongezwa kwiziseko zethu zokusebenza: imodeli encinci evela kumgca we-IBM FlashSystem 5000, owawubizwa ngokuba yi-Storwize V5010e ngexesha lokuthenga. Ngoku ithengiswa phantsi kwegama elithi FlashSystem 5010, kodwa eneneni isisiseko esifanayo se-hardware kunye ne-Spectrum Virtualize efanayo ngaphakathi. 

Ubukho benkqubo yolawulo oludibeneyo, ngendlela, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-IBM FlashSystem. Kwiimodeli zoluhlu oluncinci, akukho nto yahlukileyo kwiimodeli ezivelisa ngakumbi. Ukukhetha imodeli ethile kunika kuphela isiseko se-hardware esifanelekileyo, iimpawu ezenza ukuba kube lula ukusebenzisa enye okanye enye ukusebenza okanye ukubonelela ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokulinganisa. Isoftware ichonga i-hardware kwaye ibonelela ngokusebenza okuyimfuneko kunye okwaneleyo kweli qonga.

IBM FlashSystem 5010

Ngokufutshane malunga nemodeli yethu ye-5010. Le yinkqubo yokugcina ibhloko ye-block-level-level-controller. Iyakwazi ukufumana iidiski ze-NLSAS, i-SAS, i-SSD. Ukubekwa kwe-NVMe akufumaneki kuyo, kuba le modeli yokugcina ibekwe ukusombulula iingxaki ezingadingi ukusebenza kwe-NVMe drives.

Isixokelelwano sogcino sathengwa ukulungiselela ulwazi olugciniweyo okanye idatha engafikelelwanga rhoqo. Ke ngoko, iseti esemgangathweni yokusebenza kwayo yayanele kuthi: iTiering (I-Easy Tier), i-Thin Provision. Ukusebenza kwiidiski ze-NLSAS kwinqanaba le-1000-2000 IOPS nako bekusanelisa kakhulu kuthi.

Amava ethu - indlela esingazange sihlaziye ngayo i-firmware ngexesha

Ngoku malunga nohlaziyo lwesoftware ngokwayo. Ngexesha lokuthenga, inkqubo sele inenguqulo ephelelwe lixesha yesoftware yeSpectrum Virtualize, ethi, 8.2.1.3.

Sifunde iinkcazo ze-firmware kwaye sicwangcise ukuhlaziywa 8.2.1.9. Ukuba besisebenza kakuhle ngakumbi, eli nqaku ngelingazange libekho-i-bug ngengazange yenzeke kwi-firmware yamva nje. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ukuhlaziywa kwale nkqubo kwamiswa.

Ngenxa yoko, ukulibaziseka okuncinci kohlaziyo kukhokelele kumfanekiso ongathandekiyo kakhulu, njengoko kwinkcazo kwikhonkco: https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6172341. 

Ewe, kwi-firmware yaloo nguqulo ebizwa ngokuba yi-APAR (iNgxelo yoHlalutyi lweNkqubo eGunyaziweyo) i-HU02104 yayifanelekile. Ibonakala ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Ngaphantsi komthwalo, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, i-cache iqala ukugqithisa, ngoko inkqubo iya kwimodi yokukhusela, apho ikhubaza i-I / O ye-pool. Kwimeko yethu, kwakubonakala ngathi ukukhupha iidiski ze-3 kwiqela le-RAID kwimodi ye-RAID 6. Uqhawulo lwenzeka kwimizuzu emi-6. Emva koko, ukufikelela kwiMiqulu kwi-Pool kubuyiselwe.

Ukuba kukho nabani na ongaqhelananga nolwakhiwo kunye nokubizwa kwamaziko anengqiqo kumxholo we-IBM Spectrum Virtualize, ngoku ndiza kuchaza ngokufutshane.

Ubume benkqubo yokugcina izinto ezinengqiqo

Iidiski ziqokelelwa zibe ngamaqela abizwa ngokuba yiMDisk (iDisk eManaged). I-MDisk inokuba yi-RAID yakudala (0,1,10,5,6) okanye i-virtualized one-DRAID (i-RAID eSasazwe). Ukusebenzisa i-DRAID kukuvumela ukuba ukwandise ukusebenza koluhlu, kuba... Zonke iidiski kwiqela ziya kusetyenziswa, kwaye ixesha lokuvuselela liya kuncitshiswa, ngenxa yokuba iibhloko ezithile kuphela ziya kufuneka zibuyiselwe, kwaye akuyiyo yonke idatha esuka kwidiski engaphumelelanga.

Ukusasazwa kweebhloko zedatha kwiidiski xa usebenzisa i-RAID eSasaziwe (DRAID) kwimodi ye-RAID-5.

Kwaye lo mzobo ubonisa ingqiqo yendlela ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-DRAID esebenza ngayo kwimeko yokusilela kwediski enye:

Ingqiqo ye-DRAID yakha kwakhona xa idiski enye ingaphumeleli

Okulandelayo, i-MDisks enye okanye ngaphezulu yenza into ebizwa ngokuba yi-Pool. Ngaphakathi kwidama elinye, akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa i-MDisk enamanqanaba ahlukeneyo eRAID/DRAID kwiidiski zohlobo olufanayo. Asiyi kungena kule nto nzulu kakhulu, kuba... siceba ukukugubungela oku kwelinye lala manqaku alandelayo. Ewe, eneneni, iPool yahlulwe ngokweMiqulu, evezwa kusetyenziswa enye okanye enye ibhlokhi yokufikelela kwiprotocol kwiinginginya.

Ke, thina, ngenxa yemeko echazwe kuyo APAR HU02104, ngenxa yokungaphumeleli okunengqiqo kweediski ezintathu, i-MDisk yayeka ukusebenza, leyo, yabangela ukungaphumeleli kwe-Pool kunye neMiqulu ehambelanayo.

Ngenxa yokuba ezi nkqubo zihlakaniphile, zinokuqhagamshelwa kwi-IBM Storage Insights inkqubo yokubeka iliso esekwe kwifu, ethumela ngokuzenzekelayo isicelo senkonzo kwinkxaso ye-IBM ukuba kukho ingxaki. Isicelo senziwe kwaye iingcali ze-IBM zikude ukwenza uxilongo kwaye ziqhagamshelane nomsebenzisi wenkqubo. 

Siyabulela kule nto, umba wasonjululwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingcebiso ekhawulezileyo yafunyanwa kwinkonzo yenkxaso yokuhlaziya inkqubo yethu kwi-firmware ekhethiweyo 8.2.1.9, eyayisele ilungisiwe ngelo xesha. Iyaqinisekisa iNqaku lokuKhupha elihambelanayo.

Iziphumo kunye neengcebiso zethu

Njengoko intetho isithi: "konke kuhamba kakuhle oko kuphetha kakuhle." I-bug kwi-firmware ayizange ibangele iingxaki ezinzulu - iiseva zibuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kokulahleka kwedatha. Abanye abathengi kuye kwafuneka baqale ngokutsha oomatshini ababonakalayo, kodwa ngokubanzi besilungiselele iziphumo ezibi ngakumbi, kuba sisenza ugcino lwemihla ngemihla yazo zonke izinto ezisisiseko kunye noomatshini babathengi. 

Sifumene isiqinisekiso sokuba neenkqubo ezithembekileyo ezine-99,9999% ezithenjisiweyo zokufumaneka zifuna ingqalelo kunye nokugcinwa kwangexesha. Ngokusekwe kwimeko, sizenzele inani lezigqibo kwaye sabelane ngeengcebiso zethu:

• Kunyanzelekile ukubeka esweni ukukhutshwa kohlaziyo, amaNqaku okuKhuphayo ophononongo lolungiso lwemiba enokuba ngundoqo, kunye nokwenza uhlaziyo olucwangcisiweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

  Le yingongoma yombutho kwaye icace gca, ekubonakala ngathi ayifanelanga ukujoliswa kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, kulo "mhlaba usemgangathweni" unokukhubeka ngokulula. Ngokwenyani, yayingulo mzuzu owongeza iingxaki ezichazwe ngasentla. Lumka kakhulu xa usenza imimiselo yohlaziyo kwaye ubeke iliso ekuthotyelweni kwayo akukho ngaphantsi ngononophelo. Le ngongoma ihambelana ngakumbi nengcamango "yokuziphatha".

• Kuhlala kungcono ukugcina inkqubo kunye noguqulelo lwesoftware yamva nje. Ngaphezu koko, le yangoku asiyiyo enenombolo enkulu, kodwa yile enomhla wokukhutshwa kamva. 

  Umzekelo, i-IBM igcina ubuncinci isoftware ezimbini zikhutshwa zisexesheni kwiinkqubo zayo zokugcina. Ngexesha lokubhalwa kolu xwebhu, ezi zi-8.2 kunye no-8.3. Uhlaziyo lwe-8.2 luphuma ngaphambili. Uhlaziyo olufanayo lwe-8.3 ludla ngokukhutshwa ngokulibaziseka okuncinci.

  Ukukhutshwa kwe-8.3 kuneenzuzo ezininzi zokusebenza, umzekelo, ukukwazi ukwandisa i-MDisk (kwimodi ye-DRAID) ngokongeza enye okanye ngaphezulu kwediski entsha (olu phawu luvele kwi-version 8.3.1). Oku kukusebenza okusisiseko, kodwa ku-8.2, ngelishwa, akukho nto injalo.

• Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuhlaziya ngesizathu esithile, ngoko kwiinguqulelo zeSpectrum Virtualize software phambi kweenguqulelo 8.2.1.9 kunye 8.3.1.0 (apho i-bug echazwe ngasentla ifanelekile), ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzeka kwayo, inkxaso ye-IBM yobugcisa icebisa ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo kwinqanaba le-pool, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi (umfanekiso uthathwe kwi-Russified version ye-GUI). Ixabiso le-10000 IOPS liboniswa njengomzekelo kwaye likhethwe ngokweempawu zenkqubo yakho.

Ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-IBM yokugcina

• Kuyimfuneko ukubala ngokuchanekileyo umthwalo kwiinkqubo zokugcina kwaye ugweme ukugqithisa. Ukwenza oku, ungasebenzisa i-IBM sizer (ukuba unokufikelela kuyo), okanye uncedo lwamaqabane, okanye izixhobo zomntu wesithathu. Kunyanzelekile ukuqonda iprofayile yomthwalo kwinkqubo yokugcina, kuba Ukusebenza kwi-MB/s kunye ne-IOPS kuyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kubuncinci kwezi parameters zilandelayo:

  • uhlobo lomsebenzi: funda okanye bhala,

  • ubungakanani bebhloko yokusebenza,

  • ipesenti yemisebenzi yokufunda nokubhala kwitotali ye-I/O yomsinga.

  Kwakhona, isantya semisebenzi sichaphazeleka ngendlela iibhloko zedatha ezifundwa ngayo: ngokulandelelana okanye ngokulandelelana okungahleliwe. Xa usenza imisebenzi yokufikelela kwiinkcukacha ezininzi kwicala lesicelo, kukho ingcamango yemisebenzi exhomekeke kuyo. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo oku. Konke oku kunokunceda ukubona inani elipheleleyo leenkcukacha ezivela kwizibalo zokusebenza ze-OS, inkqubo yokugcina, iiseva / i-hypervisors, kunye nokuqonda iimpawu zokusebenza zezicelo, ii-DBMS kunye nabanye "abathengi" bezixhobo zediski.

• Kwaye ekugqibeleni, qiniseka ukuba une-backups ukuya kumhla kunye nokusebenza. Ishedyuli yokugcina kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokusekelwe kumaxabiso e-RPO eyamkelekileyo yeshishini, kunye nokutshekishwa kwemfezeko ngamaxesha athile kwii-backups kufuneka kuqinisekiswe (abathengisi abambalwa besoftware baqinisekise ngokuzenzekela kwiimveliso zabo) ukuqinisekisa ixabiso elamkelekileyo le-RTO.

Enkosi ngokufunda kude kube sekupheleni.
Sikulungele ukuphendula imibuzo yakho kunye namazwana kumazwana. Kwakhona Siyakumema ukuba ubhalise kwitshaneli yethu yetelegram, apho sibambe khona ukukhushulwa rhoqo (izaphulelo kwi-IaaS kunye ne-giveaways yeekhowudi zokunyusa ukuya kwi-100% kwi-VPS), bhala iindaba ezinomdla kwaye ubhengeze amanqaku amatsha kwiblogi ye-Habr.

umthombo: www.habr.com