Iinkcukacha zokuphunyezwa kwe-PTPv2 yeprotocol yongqamaniso yexesha

Intshayelelo

Ingcamango yokwakha "i-Digital Substation" kwishishini lamandla ombane lifuna ulungelelwaniso ngokuchaneka kwe-1 μs. Iintengiselwano zemali nazo zifuna ukuchaneka kwe-microsecond. Kwezi zicelo, ukuchaneka kwexesha le-NTP akusanele.

Iprotocol yokuvumelanisa ye-PTPv2, echazwe ngumgangatho we-IEEE 1588v2, ivumela ukuchaneka kokuchaneka kwamashumi amaninzi e-nanoseconds. I-PTPv2 ikuvumela ukuba uthumele iipakethi zongqamaniso kwiinethiwekhi ze-L2 kunye ne-L3.

Iindawo eziphambili apho iPTPv2 isetyenziswa khona zezi:

• amandla;
• izixhobo zokulawula kunye nemilinganiselo;
• indawo yomkhosi-yemizi-mveliso;
• umnxeba
• icandelo lezemali.

Esi sithuba sichaza indlela iprotocol yongqamaniso ye-PTPv2 esebenza ngayo.

Sinamava amaninzi kwishishini kwaye sihlala sibona le protocol kwizicelo zamandla. Ngokufanelekileyo, siya kwenza uphononongo ngononophelo ukwenzela amandla.

Kutheni iyimfuneko?

Okwangoku, i-STO 34.01-21-004-2019 ye-PJSC Rosseti kunye ne-STO 56947007-29.240.10.302-2020 ye-PJSC FGC UES iqulethe iimfuno zokulungiselela ibhasi yenkqubo kunye nokuvumelanisa ixesha nge-PTPv2.

Oku kungenxa yokuba iitheminali zokukhusela ii-relay kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa ziqhagamshelwe kwibhasi yenkqubo, ehambisa amaxabiso akhoyo ngoku kunye ne-voltage ngebhasi yenkqubo, kusetyenziswa oko kubizwa ngokuba yimijelo ye-SV (imijelo emininzi).

Iitheminali zokukhusela i-relay zisebenzisa la maxabiso ukuphumeza ukhuseleko lwe-bay. Ukuba ukuchaneka kwemilinganiselo yexesha kuncinci, ke ezinye izikhuselo zingasebenza ngobuxoki.

Ngokomzekelo, ukhuseleko lokukhetha ngokupheleleyo lunokuba lixhoba lokulungelelaniswa kwexesha "elibuthathaka". Ngokufuthi ingqiqo yezokhuselo ezinjalo isekelwe ekuthelekisweni kwezixa ezibini. Ukuba amaxabiso ahlukana ngexabiso elikhulu ngokwaneleyo, ngoko ukhuseleko luyavuswa. Ukuba la maxabiso alinganiswa ngexesha lokuchaneka kwe-1 ms, ngoko ungafumana umahluko omkhulu apho amaxabiso aqhelekile ukuba alinganiswe ngokuchaneka kwe-1 μs.

Iinguqulelo zePTP

Iprothokholi ye-PTP yaqala yachazwa ngo-2002 kumgangatho we-IEEE 1588-2002 kwaye yayibizwa ngokuba “nguMgangatho weProtocol yoQhagamshelwano lweClock eCwangcisiweyo yoMlinganiselo weNethiwekhi kunye neeNkqubo zoLawulo.” Kwi-2008, umgangatho ohlaziyiweyo we-IEEE 1588-2008 wakhululwa, ochaza i-PTP Version 2. Le nguqulo yeprotocol yaphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokuzinza, kodwa ayizange igcine ukuhambelana nomva kunye nenguqu yokuqala yeprotocol. Kwakhona, ngo-2019, inguqulelo yomgangatho we-IEEE 1588-2019 yakhululwa, ichaza i-PTP v2.1. Le nguqulo yongeza uphuculo oluncinci kwi-PTPv2 kwaye ibuyela ngasemva iyahambelana ne-PTPv2.

Ngamanye amazwi, sinomfanekiso olandelayo oneenguqulelo:

PTPv1
(IEEE 1588-2002)

PTPv2
(IEEE 1588-2008)

PTPv2.1
(IEEE 1588-2019)

PTPv1 (IEEE 1588-2002)

-
Ayihambelani

Ayihambelani

PTPv2 (IEEE 1588-2008)

Ayihambelani

-
Iyahambelana

PTPv2.1 (IEEE 1588-2019)

Ayihambelani

Iyahambelana

-

Kodwa, njengamaxesha onke, kukho ama-nuances.

Ukungahambelani phakathi kwe-PTPv1 kunye ne-PTPv2 kuthetha ukuba isixhobo esinikwe amandla se-PTPv1 asiyi kukwazi ukungqamanisa newotshi echanekileyo esebenza kwi-PTPv2. Basebenzisa iifomati zemiyalezo ezahlukeneyo ukulungelelanisa.

Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukudibanisa izixhobo kunye ne-PTPv1 kunye nezixhobo ezine-PTPv2 kwinethiwekhi efanayo. Ukufezekisa oku, abanye abavelisi bayakuvumela ukuba ukhethe uguqulelo lweprotocol kumazibuko ewotshi esekupheleni. Oko kukuthi, iwotshi yomda inokulungelelanisa isebenzisa i-PTPv2 kwaye isangqamanisa ezinye iiwotshi eziqhagamshelwe kuyo isebenzisa zombini i-PTPv1 kunye ne-PTPv2.

izixhobo PTP. Ziintoni kwaye zahluke njani?

Umgangatho we-IEEE 1588v2 uchaza iindidi ezininzi zezixhobo. Zonke zibonisiwe kwitheyibhile.

Izixhobo zinxibelelana nge-LAN zisebenzisa i-PTP.

Izixhobo zePTP zibizwa ngokuba ziiwotshi. Zonke iiwotshi zithatha ixesha elichanekileyo kwiwotshi yenkosi enkulu.

Kukho iindidi ezi-5 zeewotshi:

Iwotshi ye-Grandmaster

Umthombo oyintloko wexesha elichanekileyo. Ihlala ixhotyiswe ngojongano lokudibanisa iGPS.

Ikloko eqhelekileyo

Isixhobo esinye sezibuko esinokuba yinkosi (iwotshi enkulu) okanye ikhoboka (iwotshi yekhoboka)

Iwotshi enkulu (inkosi)

Zingumthombo wexesha elichanekileyo ezidityaniswa ngalo ezinye iiwotshi

iwotshi yamakhoboka

Qeda isixhobo esidityaniswa kwiwotshi enkulu

Ikloko yomda

Isixhobo esinamazibuko amaninzi anokuba yinkosi okanye ikhoboka.

Oko kukuthi, ezi wotshi zinokungqamanisa ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphezulu lewotshi kwaye zilungelelanise iiwotshi ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi.

Ikloko yokuFikela ePheleleyo

Isixhobo esinamazibuko amaninzi angeyonkosi okanye ikhoboka. Ihambisa idatha yePTP phakathi kweewotshi ezimbini.

Xa uthumela idatha, iwotshi ebonisa izinto ekuhleni ilungisa yonke imiyalezo ye-PTP.

Ulungiso lwenzeka ngokongeza ixesha lokulibaziseka kwesi sixhobo kwindawo yolungiso kwiheda yomyalezo othunyelweyo.

Iklokhi engafihlwanga ntanga-to-Ntanga

Isixhobo esinamazibuko amaninzi angeyonkosi okanye ikhoboka.
Ihambisa idatha yePTP phakathi kweewotshi ezimbini.

Xa uthumela idatha, iwotshi ebonisa izinto ekuhleni ilungisa yonke imiyalezo ye-PTP Sync and Follow_Up (okungakumbi malunga nabo ngezantsi).

Ulungiso luphunyezwa ngokongeza kwindawo yokulungisa ipakethi ethunyelwayo ukulibaziseka kwisixhobo sothumelo kunye nokulibaziseka kwitshaneli yothumelo lwedatha.

Indawo yoLawulo

Isixhobo esimisela kunye nokuxilonga ezinye iiwotshi

Iiwotshi zenkosi kunye nezicaka zilungelelaniswa kusetyenziswa izitampu zexesha kwimiyalezo ye-PTP. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zemiyalezo kwiprotocol yePTP:

• Imiyalezo yesiganeko yimiyalezo engqameneyo equka ukuvelisa isitampu sexesha ngexesha lokuthunyelwa komyalezo nangexesha ofunyenwe ngalo.
• Imiyalezo ngokubanzi - Le miyalezo ayifuni izitampu zamaxesha, kodwa inokuqulatha izitampu zexesha kwimiyalezo enxulumeneyo

Imiyalezo yesiganeko

Imiyalezo ngokubanzi

sync
Libazisa_Req
Pdela_Req
Pdela_Resp

Bhengeza
Ukulandelisa
Libazisa_Impendulo
Pdela_Resp_Landelisa_Up
ulawulo
Ukubonisa

Zonke iintlobo zemiyalezo ziya kuxutyushwa ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi ngezantsi.

Iingxaki ezisisiseko zongqamaniso

Xa ipakethe yongqamaniso isasazwa kuthungelwano lwasekhaya, iyalibaziseka ekutshintsheni nakwikhonkco ledatha. Naluphi na utshintsho luya kuvelisa ukulibaziseka malunga ne-10 microseconds, engamkelekanga kwi-PTPv2. Emva koko, kufuneka sifezekise ukuchaneka kwe-1 μs kwisixhobo sokugqibela. (Oku ukuba sithetha ngamandla. Ezinye izicelo zinokufuna ukuchaneka okukhulu.)

IEEE 1588v2 ichaza iindlela ezininzi zokusebenza ezikuvumela ukuba urekhode ukulibaziseka kwexesha kwaye uyilungise.

Umsebenzi we-algorithm
Ngethuba lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, iprotocol isebenza kwizigaba ezimbini.

• ISigaba soku-1 - ukusekwa kwenkqubo yoluhlu “Iwotshi eyiNkosi – iwotshi yekhoboka”.
• Inqanaba lesi-2 - ungqamaniso lwewotshi kusetyenziswa indlela yokuPhela ukuya esiphelweni okanye kwiNtanga-kwiNtanga.

Inqanaba loku-1 - Ukusekwa koLawulo lwaMakhoboka oMkhulu

Izibuko ngalinye lewotshi eqhelekileyo okanye esekupheleni linenani elithile lamazwe (iwotshi yekhoboka kunye newotshi enkulu). Umgangatho uchaza i-algorithm yenguqu phakathi kwala mazwe. Kwinkqubo, i-algorithm enjalo ibizwa ngokuba ngumatshini wombuso ogqityiweyo okanye umatshini wombuso (iinkcukacha ezininzi kwi-Wiki).

Lo matshini welizwe usebenzisa i-Best Master Clock Algorithm (BMCA) ukuseta inkosi xa udibanisa iiwotshi ezimbini.

Le algorithm ivumela iwotshi ukuba ithathe uxanduva lwewotshi ye-grandmaster xa iwotshi ye-grandmaster ilahlekelwa ngumqondiso we-GPS, ihamba ngaphandle kweintanethi, njl.

Utshintsho lukarhulumente ngokwe-BMCA lushwankathelwa kulo mzobo ulandelayo:


Ulwazi malunga nomlindo kwelinye icala le "wire" lithunyelwa kumyalezo okhethekileyo (Bhengeza umyalezo). Nje ukuba olu lwazi lufunyenwe, i-algorithm yomatshini wombuso iyasebenza kwaye uthelekiso lwenziwa ukubona ukuba yeyiphi iwotshi engcono. Izibuko kweyona wotshi igqwesileyo iba yeyona iwotshi ibalaseleyo.

Uluhlu olulula lwemigangatho lubonisiwe kulo mzobo ungezantsi. Imizila 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 isenokuqulatha iwotshi Transparent, kodwa abathabathi nxaxheba ekusekeni Master Clock - Slave Clock hierarchy.

Inqanaba lesi-2 - Ngqamanisa iiwotshi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisekupheleni

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokumisela i-"Master Clock - Clock Clock" i-hierarchy, isigaba songqamaniso lweewotshi eziqhelekileyo kunye nemida siqala.

Ukulungelelanisa, iwotshi enkulu ithumela umyalezo oqulethe isitampu sexesha kwiiwotshi zamakhoboka.

Iwotshi enkulu ingaba:

• inqanaba elinye;
• inqanaba ezimbini.

Iiwotshi ezinenqanaba elinye zithumela umyalezo omnye woNgqamaniso ukungqamanisa.

Iwotshi enezigaba ezibini isebenzisa imiyalezo emibini yongqamaniso - Sync and Follow_Up.

Iindlela ezimbini ezinokusetyenziswa kwisigaba songqamaniso:

• Indlela yokulibazisa isicelo-impendulo.
• Indlela yokulinganisa ukulibaziseka koontanga.

Okokuqala, makhe siqwalasele ezi ndlela kwimeko elula - xa iiwotshi ezicacileyo zingasetyenziswanga.

Indlela yokulibazisa isicelo-impendulo

Inkqubo ibandakanya amanyathelo amabini:

1. Ukulinganisa ukulibaziseka ekudluliseni umyalezo phakathi kwewotshi enkulu kunye newotshi yamakhoboka. Kwenziwe kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokulibaziseka kwesicelo-impendulo.
2. Ukulungiswa kwexesha elichanekileyo liyenziwa.

Umlinganiselo wokubambezeleka


t1 – Ixesha lokuthumela umyalezo we-Sync ngewotshi enkulu; t2 – Ixesha lokwamkelwa komyalezo weSync ngewotshi yamakhoboka; T3-Ixesha lokuthumela isicelo sokulibaziseka (Delay_Req) ​​ngewotshi yekhoboka; t4 – Delay_Req ixesha lolwamkelo ngewotshi enkulu.

Xa iwotshi yekhoboka isazi amaxesha t1, t2, t3 kunye no-t4, inokubala ukulibaziseka okuphakathi xa ihambisa umyalezo wongqamaniso (tmpd). Ibalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Xa uhambisa umyalezo we-Sync and Follow_Up, ukulibaziseka kwexesha ukusuka kwinkosi ukuya kwikhoboka kubalwa - t-ms.

Xa uhambisa i-Delay_Req kunye ne-Delay_Resp imiyalezo, ukulibaziseka kwexesha ukusuka kwikhoboka ukuya kwinkosi kubalwa - t-sm.

Ukuba i-asymmetry ethile yenzeka phakathi kwala maxabiso mabini, ke impazamo ekulungiseni ukutenxa ngexesha elichanekileyo livela. Impazamo ibangelwa kukuba ulibaziseko olubaliweyo ngumndilili we-t-ms kunye no-t-sm ulibaziseko. Ukuba ukulibaziseka akulingani omnye komnye, ngoko asiyi kulungelelanisa ixesha ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukulungiswa kwexesha lokutshintsha

Nje ukuba ukulibaziseka phakathi kwewotshi enkulu kunye newotshi yekhoboka kwaziwa, iwotshi yekhoboka yenza ukulungiswa kwexesha.

Iiwotshi zamakhoboka zisebenzisa umyalezo we-Sync kunye nomyalezo ozikhethelayo wokuLandela_Up ukubala elona xesha lichanekileyo xa uhambisa ipakethi ukusuka kwinkosi ukuya kwiiwotshi zamakhoboka. Ukutshintsha kubalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula ilandelayo:

Indlela yokulinganisa ukulibaziseka koontanga

Lo matshini ukwasebenzisa amanyathelo amabini kungqamaniso:

1. Izixhobo zilinganisa ukulibaziseka kwexesha kubo bonke abamelwane kuwo onke amazibuko. Ukwenza oku basebenzisa indlela yokulibaziseka koontanga.
2. Ukulungiswa kweshifti yexesha elichanekileyo.

Ukulinganisa ukubambezeleka phakathi kwezixhobo ezixhasa imowudi yoNtanga-kwiNtanga

Ukubambezeleka phakathi kwamazibuko axhasa indlela yoontanga-kuya-ntanga kulinganiswa kusetyenziswa le miyalezo ilandelayo:

Xa i-port 1 iyazi amaxesha t1, t2, t3 kunye ne-t4, ingabala ukulibaziseka okuphakathi (tmld). Ibalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula ilandelayo:

Izibuko lisebenzisa eli xabiso xa ubala indawo yohlengahlengiso kumyalezo ngamnye woQhagamshelwano okanye ozikhethelayo ukuba Landela_Up umyalezo odlula kwisixhobo.

Ulibaziseko lulonke luya kulingana nesixa sokulibaziseka ngexesha lothumelo ngesi sixhobo, umndilili wokulibaziseka ngexesha lothumelo ngeshaneli yedatha kunye nokulibaziseka esele kuqulethwe kulo myalezo, onikwe amandla kwizixhobo eziphezulu.

Imiyalezo Pdelay_Req, Pdelay_Resp kunye nokhetho Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ukulibaziseka ukusuka kwinkosi ukuya kwikhoboka kwaye ukusuka kwikhoboka ukuya kwinkosi (setyhula).

Nayiphi na i-asymmetry phakathi kwala maxabiso mabini iya kwazisa impazamo yolungiso lwexesha.

Ukulungelelanisa ukutshintshwa kwexesha elichanekileyo

Iiwotshi zamakhoboka zisebenzisa umyalezo woNgqamaniso kunye nomyalezo ozikhethelayo othi Landela_Up ukubala elona xesha lichanekileyo xa uhambisa ipakethi ukusuka kwinkosi ukuya kwiiwotshi zamakhoboka. Ukutshintsha kubalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula ilandelayo:

Ulungelelwaniso lwe-advanteji ye-peer-to-peer mechanism - ukulibaziseka kwexesha lomyalezo ngamnye we-Sync okanye u-Follow_Up ubalwa njengoko uhanjiswa kwinethiwekhi. Ngenxa yoko, ukutshintsha indlela yothutho akuyi kuchaphazela nangayiphi na indlela ukuchaneka kohlengahlengiso.

Xa usebenzisa le ndlela, ungqamaniso lwexesha alufuni ukubala ixesha lokulibaziseka ecaleni kwendlela etyhutyha ipakethi yongqamaniso, njengoko kwenziwa kutshintshiselwano olusisiseko. Ezo. Imiyalezo ye-Delay_Req kunye ne-Delay_Resp ayithunyelwa. Ngale ndlela, ukulibaziseka phakathi kwenkosi kunye neewotshi zamakhoboka kushwankathelwa nje kwindawo yohlengahlengiso lomyalezo ngamnye Sync okanye Landela_Up.

Enye iadvanteji kukuba iwotshi enkulu ikhululiwe kwimfuno yokuqhuba imiyalezo yeDelay_Req.

Iindlela zokusebenza zeewotshi ezibonisa ukukhanya

Ngokufanelekileyo, le yayiyimizekelo elula. Ngoku cinga ukuba utshintsho luvela kwindlela yongqamaniso.

Ukuba usebenzisa iiswitshi ngaphandle kwenkxaso ye-PTPv2, ipakethi yongqamaniso iya kulibaziseka ekutshintsheni malunga ne-10 μs.

Iiswitshi ezixhasa i-PTPv2 zibizwa ngokuba ziiwotshi eziNgaphandle kwi-IEEE 1588v2 isigama. Iiwotshi ezikhanyayo azidityaniswanga ukusuka kwiwotshi enkulu kwaye azithabathi nxaxheba kuluhlu lwe "Iwotshi Enkulu - Ikloko yekhoboka", kodwa xa ithumela imiyalezo yongqamaniso bayakhumbula ukuba umyalezo ulibaziseke kangakanani na kubo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise ukulibaziseka kwexesha.

Iiwotshi ezikhanyayo zinokusebenza ngeendlela ezimbini:

• Ukuphela-ukuya-Ekuphelweni.
• Umhlobo kumhlobo.

Isiphelo ukuya esiphelweni (E2E)

Iwotshi ye-E2E ebonakalayo isasaza imiyalezo ye-Sync kunye nemiyalezo ehamba no-Landelela kuwo onke amazibuko. Nditsho nezo zivaliweyo zezinye iinkqubo (umzekelo, RSTP).

Utshintsho lukhumbula isitampu sexesha xa ipakethi ye-Sync (Follow_Up) yamkelwa kwizibuko naxa ithunyelwe isuka kwizibuko. Ngokusekelwe kwezi zitampu zexesha zimbini, ixesha elithathayo ukutshintshela ukuqhubekekisa umyalezo liyabalwa. Ngokomgangatho, eli xesha libizwa ngokuba lixesha lokuhlala.

Ixesha lokucubungula longezwa kwibala lokulungisaUmhlaba we-Sync (iwotshi enenyathelo elinye) okanye Landela_Up (iwotshi enamanyathelo amabini) umyalezo.

Iwotshi ye-E2E ecacileyo ilinganisa ixesha lokusetyenzwa kwe-Sync kunye ne-Delay_Req imiyalezo edlula kwiswitshi. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukulibaziseka kwexesha phakathi kwewotshi enkulu kunye newotshi yamakhoboka kubalwa kusetyenziswa indlela yokulibaziseka kwesicelo-impendulo. Ukuba iwotshi enkulu iyatshintsha okanye indlela esuka kwiwotshi enkulu ukuya kwiwotshi yamakhoboka iyatshintsha, ukulibaziseka kuyalinganiswa kwakhona. Oku kwandisa ixesha lotshintsho kwimeko yokutshintsha kwenethiwekhi.

Iwotshi ye-P2P ecacileyo, ngaphezu kokulinganisa ixesha elithathayo ukutshintshela ukusetyenzwa komyalezo, ilinganisa ukulibaziseka kwikhonkco ledatha kummelwane wayo okufutshane usebenzisa indlela yokulinda ummelwane.

Ukubambezeleka kulinganiswa kuyo yonke ikhonkco kumacala omabini, kuqukwa amakhonkco avaliwe ngomthetho othile (njenge-RSTP). Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubale ngokukhawuleza ukulibaziseka okutsha kwindlela yongqamaniso ukuba iwotshi ye-grandmaster okanye itopology yenethiwekhi iyatshintsha.

Ixesha lokwenziwa komyalezo ngotshintsho kunye ne-latency ziyaqokelelwa xa kuthunyelwa i-Sync okanye i-Lande_Up imiyalezo.

Iintlobo zenkxaso ye-PTPv2 ngokutshintsha

Ukutshintsha kunokuxhasa i-PTPv2:

• ngokwenkqubo;
• hardware.

Xa usebenzisa iprotocol yePTPv2 kwisoftware, iswitshi icela isitampu sexesha kwifirmware. Ingxaki kukuba i-firmware isebenza ngebhayisikile, kwaye kuya kufuneka ulinde de igqibe umjikelo wangoku, ithatha isicelo sokucubungula kwaye ikhuphe isitampu sexesha emva komjikelo olandelayo. Oku kuya kuthatha ixesha, kwaye siya kufumana ukulibaziseka, nangona kungabalulekanga nje ngaphandle kwenkxaso yesoftware ye-PTPv2.

Kuphela inkxaso ye-hardware ye-PTPv2 ikuvumela ukuba ugcine ukuchaneka okufunekayo. Kule meko, isitampu sexesha sikhutshwe yi-ASIC ekhethekileyo, efakwe kwi-port.

Ukuma komyalezo

Yonke imiyalezo ye-PTP iqulathe le mihlaba ilandelayo:

• Iheda – 34 bytes.
• Umzimba - ubungakanani buxhomekeke kuhlobo lomyalezo.
• Isimamva siyakhethwa.

okuphezulu okungaguqukiyo ephepheni

Umhlaba we Header uyafana kuyo yonke imiyalezo ye PTP. Ubungakanani bayo buyi-34 bytes.

ifomathi yendawo engasentla:

Uhlobo lomyalezo -iqulethe uhlobo lomyalezo ogqithisiweyo, umzekelo Sync, Delay_Req, PDelay_Req, njl.

Ubude bomyalezo - iqulethe ubungakanani obugcweleyo bomyalezo we-PTP, kuquka i-header, umzimba kunye nesimamva (kodwa ingabandakanyi i-padding bytes).

i-domainNumber – imisela ukuba yeyiphi indawo ye-PTP yomyalezo.

Indawo - ezi ziiwotshi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo eziqokelelwe kwiqela elinye elinengqiqo kwaye zilungelelaniswe ukusuka kwiwotshi enkulu enye, kodwa ayidityaniswanga neewotshi zommandla owahlukileyo.

iiflegi – Lo mmandla uqulathe iiflegi ezahlukeneyo ukuchonga imeko yomyalezo.

ulungisoMmandla - iqulethe ixesha lokulibaziseka kwii-nanoseconds. Ixesha lokulibaziseka libandakanya ukulibaziseka xa uhambisa ngewotshi ebonakalayo, kunye nokulibaziseka xa uhambisa ngetshaneli xa usebenzisa i-Peer-to-Peer mode.

umthomboPortIdentity – le ndawo iqulathe ulwazi malunga nokuba yeyiphi izibuko lo myalezo othunyelwe kuyo kuqala.

ulandelelwanoID – iqulethe inombolo yesazisi yomyalezo ngamnye.

controlField – i-artifact field =) Ihlala kwinguqulelo yokuqala yomgangatho kwaye iqulethe ulwazi malunga nohlobo lwalo myalezo. Ngokusisiseko iyafana nohlobo lomyalezo, kodwa ngeenketho ezimbalwa.

logMessageIsithuba – lo mmandla umiselwa luhlobo lomyalezo.

umzimba

Njengoko kuxoxiwe ngasentla, kukho iindidi ezininzi zemiyalezo. Ezi ntlobo zichazwe ngezantsi:

Umyalezo wesaziso
Umyalezo wokuBhengeza usetyenziselwa "ukuxelela" ezinye iiwotshi ngaphakathi kwendawo enye malunga neeparamitha zayo. Lo myalezo ukuvumela ukuba umisele iKlokhi enguMphathi-Iwotshi yekhoboka.


Ngqamanisa umyalezo
Umyalezo we-Sync uthunyelwa yiwotshi enkulu kwaye iqulathe ixesha lewotshi enkulu ngexesha lokuveliswa komyalezo we-Sync. Ukuba iwotshi enkulu inezigaba ezibini, ngoko isitampu sexesha kumyalezo woNgqamaniso sizakusetwa ku-0, kwaye isitampu sangoku siya kuthunyelwa kumyalezo wokuLandela_Up onxulumeneyo. Umyalezo woNgqamaniso usetyenziswa kuzo zombini iindlela zokulinganisa umva.

Umyalezo uthunyelwa kusetyenziswa iMulticast. Ngokukodwa ungasebenzisa i-Unicast.

Libazisa_Req umyalezo

Ubume bomyalezo we-Delay_Req iyafana nomyalezo we-Sync. Iwotshi yamakhoboka ithumela iDelay_Req. Iqulethe ixesha iDelay_Req yathunyelwa yiwotshi yamakhoboka. Lo myalezo usetyenziswa kuphela kwindlela yokuphendula isicelo sokulibaziseka.

Umyalezo uthunyelwa kusetyenziswa iMulticast. Ngokukodwa ungasebenzisa i-Unicast.

Landela_Phakamisa umyalezo

Umyalezo othi Landela_Up uthunyelwa ngokuzithandela yiwotshi enkulu kwaye iqulathe ixesha lokuthumela Ngqamanisa imiyalezo inkosi. Kuphela ziiwotshi eziphambili ezinenqanaba ezibini ezithumela umyalezo othi Landela_Up.

Umyalezo othi Landela_Up usetyenziswa kuzo zombini iindlela zokulinganisa umva.

Umyalezo uthunyelwa kusetyenziswa iMulticast. Ngokukodwa ungasebenzisa i-Unicast.

Libazisa_Umyalezo

Umyalezo weDelay_Resp uthunyelwa yiwotshi enkulu. Iqulethe ixesha apho iDelay_Req yamkelwa yiwotshi enkulu. Lo myalezo usetyenziswa kuphela kwindlela yokuphendula isicelo sokulibaziseka.

Umyalezo uthunyelwa kusetyenziswa iMulticast. Ngokukodwa ungasebenzisa i-Unicast.

Pdela_Req umyalezo

Umyalezo wePdelay_Req uthunyelwa sisixhobo esicela ulibaziseko. Iqulethe ixesha lokuthunyelwa komyalezo usuka kwizibuko lesi sixhobo. I-Pdelay_Req isetyenziswa kuphela kwindlela yokulinganisa ukulibaziseka kommelwane.

Pdela_Resp umyalezo

Umyalezo we-Pdelay_Resp uthunyelwa sisixhobo esifumene isicelo sokulibaziseka. Iqulathe ixesha Pdelay_Req umyalezo ufunyenwe kwesi sixhobo. Umyalezo we-Pdelay_Resp usetyenziswa kuphela kwindlela yokulinganisa ukulibaziseka kommelwane.

Umyalezo Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up

Umyalezo we-Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up uthunyelwa ngokuzithandela sisixhobo esifumene isicelo sokulibaziseka. Iqulathe ixesha Pdelay_Req umyalezo ufunyenwe kwesi sixhobo. Umyalezo we-Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up uthunyelwa kuphela ngamanqanaba amabini ewotshi.

Lo myalezo unokusetyenziselwa ixesha lophumezo endaweni yesitampu sexesha. Ixesha lokwenziwa lixesha ukusuka kumzuzu uPdelay-Req efunyenwe de kuthunyelwe iPdelay_Resp.

I-Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up isetyenziswa kuphela kwindlela yokulinganisa ukulibaziseka kommelwane.

Imiyalezo yoLawulo

Imiyalezo yolawulo lwe-PTP iyafuneka ukudlulisa ulwazi phakathi kwewotshi enye okanye ngaphezulu kunye ne-node yolawulo.

Ukutshintshela kwi-LV

Umyalezo we-PTP unokuhanjiswa kumanqanaba amabini:

• Inethiwekhi - njengenxalenye yedatha ye-IP.
• Ijelo - njengenxalenye yesakhelo se-Ethernet.

Dlulisela umyalezo we-PTP nge-UDP nge-IP nge-Ethernet

PTP phezu UDP phezu Ethernet

Iiprofayili

I-PTP ineeparamitha ezininzi eziguquguqukayo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Umzekelo:

• Iinketho zeBMCA.
• Indlela yokulinganisa iLatency.
• Amathuba kunye namaxabiso okuqala azo zonke iiparamitha ezilungelelanisiweyo, njl.

Kwaye nangona besitshilo ngaphambili ukuba izixhobo ze-PTPv2 ziyahambelana, oku akuyonyani. Izixhobo kufuneka zibe nesetingi ezifanayo ukuze zikwazi ukunxibelelana.

Yiyo loo nto kukho okubizwa ngokuba ziiprofayili ze-PTPv2. Iiprofayili ngamaqela ezicwangciso ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nezithintelo zeprotocol ezichaziweyo ukuze ungqamaniso lwexesha luphunyezwe kwisicelo esithile.

Umgangatho we-IEEE 1588v2 ngokwawo uchaza iprofayili enye kuphela - "Iprofayili eMiselweyo". Zonke ezinye iiprofayili zenziwe kwaye zichazwe yimibutho eyahlukeneyo kunye nemibutho.

Ngokomzekelo, iProfayili yaMandla, okanye iProfayili yaMandla ye-PTPv2, yenziwe yiKomidi yokuThumela iiNkqubo zaMandla kunye neKomidi yeNkxaso ye-IEEE Power and Energy Society. Iprofayili ngokwayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-IEEE C37.238-2011.

Iprofayile ichaza ukuba i-PTP inokudluliselwa:

• Kuphela ngeL2 networks (okt Ethernet, HSR, PRP, non-IP).
• Imiyalezo ihanjiswa kuphela ngosasazo lweMulticast.
• Indlela yokulinganisa ukulibaziseka koontanga isetyenziswa njengendlela yokulinganisa ukulibaziseka.

Indawo ehlala ikho yi-0, i-domain ecetyiswayo yi-93.

Ifilosofi yokuyila ye-C37.238-2011 yayikunciphisa inani leempawu ezikhethiweyo kunye nokugcina kuphela imisebenzi eyimfuneko yokusebenzisana okuthembekileyo phakathi kwezixhobo kunye nokwanda kozinzo lwenkqubo.

Kwakhona, ukuphindaphindwa kokuhanjiswa komyalezo kumiselwe:

Enyanisweni, iparameter enye kuphela ekhoyo yokukhethwa - uhlobo lwewotshi yenkosi (inqanaba elinye okanye inqanaba ezimbini).

Ukuchaneka kufuneka kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1 μs. Ngamanye amazwi, indlela enye yongqamaniso inokuqulatha ubuninzi bewotshi ezikhanyelayo ezili-15 okanye ezintathu zemida.

umthombo: www.habr.com