I-automation yekhaya epheleleyo kwisakhiwo esitsha

Kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo ndaqala ukuguqula iphupha lam elidala libe yinyani-i-automation ephezulu yendlu ethengwe kwisakhiwo esitsha ukusuka ekuqaleni. Kwangaxeshanye, "ukugqiba kumphuhlisi" kwafuneka kubingelelwe kwikhaya elikrelekrele kwaye yenze kwakhona ngokupheleleyo, kwaye zonke ii-electrics ezingahambelani ne-automation zivela kwindawo eyaziwayo yaseTshayina. Intsimbi yokuthambisa yayingafuneki, kodwa kwathatha ixesha elide ukufumana amagcisa anolwazi, amagcisa ombane nabachweli.

Iphaneli yolawulo lwendlu ngoFebruwari 2020 (uMncedisi weKhaya)

Kweli nqaku ndiza kuthetha ngokhetho lwetekhnoloji yekhaya elumkileyo esetyenziswa kwigumbi lokuhlala, kwaye ndiza kubonelela ngemizobo yam yocingo, iifoto zayo yonke into eyenziweyo, iipaneli zombane kunye nohlengahlengiso lwazo zonke izixhobo, kwaye ndiya nika ikhonkco kwiGitHub.

Ulwakhiwo lwendlu yethu luyaqhubeka - Novemba 2016

Ndandifuna ntoni ngo2017?

Oko ndaba ngumnini wendlu kwindawo yokwembiwa ngo-2015, bendinexesha elishiyekileyo phambi kokuba iflethi igunyaziswe ngo-2018 ukuze ndiqinisekise ukuba yeyiphi itekhnoloji ye-automation endiza kuyisebenzisa kwigumbi lam kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, into endiza kuyenza. ulawulo.

Bendifuna ukukhetha eyona ndlela ilungileyo kwaye ndibe nolu khetho lulandelayo:

Umbane:

• Lawula amanqanaba okukhanyisa kuwo onke amagumbi;
• Ukulawula ukukhanya kuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka kunye nosuku;
• Xelisa ubukho babanini (ngokungabikho);
• Lawula amakhethini kunye neemfama ngokuqhuba kombane;

Iphaneli yolawulo lwendlu enesiphumo esekwe kuMncedisi weKhaya ngo-2020 yinguqulelo yeselula yolawulo lokukhanya

Ubalo lwamandla:

• Lungiselela ingqokelela yokufunda kuzo zonke izixhobo zemitha zibe yiphaneli yokulawula enye;

Ngokwenkqubo yezixhobo zeaudio kunye nevidiyo. Iindawo ezininzi:

• Yiba nebhanki enye yolwazi lwevidiyo yeaudio;
• Cima umculo ngokuzenzekelayo xa kukhala ifowuni okanye intsimbi yomnyango;
• Bonisa ngokuzenzekelayo imiyalezo yesimo kwizikrini;
• Lawula umboniso wekhamera yokhuseleko kwipaseji kwiTV kwigumbi lokulala;
• Lawula zonke izixhobo zethiyetha yasekhaya;

Kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha:

• Lawula zonke iinkqubo ukusuka naphi na emhlabeni;
• Lawula zonke iinkqubo kuyo nayiphi na ikhompyutha endlwini;
• Fumana imifanekiso kuyo nayiphi na ikhamera yeCCTV naphi na emhlabeni;
• Funda imiyalezo yesixokelelwano kuyo nayiphi na ipaneli yokuchukumisa kwigumbi;
• Ukulandelela ubukho babantu abathile, ixesha labo lokufika / lokuhamba;

Iphaneli yolawulo lwendlu enesiphumo esekwe kuMncedisi weKhaya ngo-2020 yinguqulelo yeselula yokulawula isicoci serobhothi.

Ngokwenkqubo yokubeka iliso yevidiyo:

• Ukufaka umqondiso kwiikhamera zokucupha kwi-multiroom system;

Umfanekiso weskrini soMncedisi weKhaya ngo-2020-ikhamera kunye neesensonsi zomnyango

Kwinkqubo yokungenisa umoya kunye neyomoya. Inkqubo yokufudumeza:

• Lawula ubushushu okanye ukufuma kuwo onke amagumbi;
• Lawula ukungena komoya ngokuxhomekeke kwiqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma;

Umfanekiso weskrini wephaneli yokulawula indlu ngo-2020 (uMncedisi weKhaya)

Ngokwenkqubo yolawulo lwemozulu:

• Ukuqokelelwa kolwazi lwemozulu ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendlu (ubushushu, ukufuma, umoya, uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric);
• Bonisa ulwazi oluyimfuneko kwizixhobo zokujonga;

Kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi abandayo nashushu:

• Ulwazi malunga nokuvuza kunye nokubekwa kwendawo;

Olu luhlu lwabonakala lunomtsalane, kodwa ndandifuna ukuba nayo yonke into.

Ngocingo okanye ngomoya?

Ngokwethiyori, ngo-2017 kwakungekho ngxaki ngokukhetha iteknoloji yasekhaya ehlakaniphile. Nantsi ingxelo evela komnye wabavelisi baseYurophu:

Umfanekiso ovela kwingxelo ye-2017 - iteknoloji esetyenziswa kumakhaya ahlakaniphile

Ndingathanda ukuqaphela ukuba ngo-2017 ndandineminyaka emihlanu yamava ekuthandeni amakhaya ahlakaniphile, ukuqala kumgangatho okhethekileyo we-Z-Wave, ongadingi i-wiring eyongezelelweyo kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa, kwaye uphela nge-actuator enentambo ye-MegaD-328 efikelelekayo. , engenakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kodonga. Kanye phakathi kwezi zibonda ndibe namava ongezelelweyo ngexabiso eliphantsi ukwahluka kwe-microcontrollers yaseTshayina ESP8266 ene-Wi-Fi interface kwiireyikhi ezahlukeneyo zefektri kunye neesensors. Kodwa ekubeni bekukho ithuba lokwenza yonke into kwigumbi ukusuka ekuqaleni, ngoko ke okokuqala, ndithathele ingqalelo inketho eneentambo kwaye ezi yayizizonxibelelwano kunye neemveliso ezilandelayo:

1. IKNX
2. Loxone
3. Ibhodi yocingo
4. PLC ARIES
5. IMegaD 2561

Ixesha elide kakhulu ndajonga ngokusondeleyo kwibhasi ye-KNX ephantsi, engabotshwanga kumthengisi othile. Ndade ndandwendwela abafakeli abaninzi ePerm naseMoscow, kodwa iimali ezibhengezwe kwizixhobo zodwa (~ 700k ruble) zazimangalisa. Ngenxa yoko, i-KNX kwafuneka iyekwe.

IBhodi yeeWiren kunye neLoxone nazo ziye zayeka ngenxa yezizathu zemali.

I-ARIES PLC kum yabonakala inzima kakhulu kwimisebenzi echaziweyo- emva kwayo yonke loo nto, oku kukuzisebenzela kwimizi-mveliso.

Ngoko kwakukho inketho enye kuphela esele - umlawuli we-MegaD 2561 waseSamara. Ngapha koko, ndandisele ndinamava okusebenza naye.

Ukuzama ukutsala umphuhlisi kumbono wam

Ndenze umzamo wokutshintsha iingcingo zombane zendlu ngumphuhlisi, apho ndenze isicelo:

Прошу сообщить о возможности изменить прокладку осветительных сетей с обычной схемы освещения на прокладку для последующего использования в системе проводной домашней автоматизации по объекту долевого строительства 1-комнатная квартира № XXX, расположенная во XXX подъезде на XXX этаже дома по адресу г. Пермь, Свердловский район, квартал 179, ул. Революции, 48а, расчетной площадью 41,70 кв.м.

Прокладка сети электроосвещения для последующего использования в системе проводной домашней автоматизации подразумевает, что от каждого светильника, выключателя, розетки или потребителя электроэнергии идет отдельный электрический кабель до квартирного электрического щитка, где он маркируется во избежание путаницы и коммутируется необходимым образом. Электрический щиток при этом необходим размером не менее 48 модулей.

Kwathunyelwa impendulo engalunganga ngokukhawuleza.

Impendulo yonjiniyela

Ukwenza iiprojekthi ezisebenzayo

Emva kokuba umphuhlisi enqabile ukusebenzisana ngo-2017, ndaqulunqa:

1. iprojekthi yokubeka ifanitshala;
2. iiprojekthi zazo zonke iikheyibhuli;
3. iiprojekthi zekhaka lamandla;
4. imizobo yocingo yee-actuator zebhodi yokutshintsha.

Iprojekthi yokucwangciswa kwefenitshala kwindlu ye-41 sq. m (izotywa kwiKhaya eliSwiti le-3D)

Yonke le nto yaqala ngeprojekthi yokulungiselela ifenitshala kunye nezixhobo zekhaya, emva koko kwaphuhliswa iprojekthi yokutsala zonke iintambo (ngezantsi kukho amaphepha amabini kwayi-8 aphuhlisiwe).

Uyilo lweentambo zamandla VVG 3x2,5; VVG 3x1,5; VVG 5x1,5

I-UTP 5e idizayini yocingo ephothiweyo

Emva koko ndaqala ukukhangela nzulu kwisihloko kwaye ndizoba uyilo lwezikhuselo zamandla; ngezantsi ngumzekelo wephepha eli-5 eliphuhlisiwe.

Enye yeepaneli zombane ezintathu

Emva koko, i-automation design yaqala: yintoni ukudibanisa apho kwaye yeyiphi i-port - kwakukho iintambo ezininzi kakhulu. Ukuzenzekela ngeMegaD-2561. Ngezantsi zimbini zamaphepha asibhozo eprojekthi "yeingcingo".

I-Wiring yenxalenye yamandla kwi-activator ye-MegaD-2561

Phantse zonke iintambo zamandla zoluliwe ukusuka kumthengi ngqo kwiphaneli - oku kwandisa kakhulu ubude beendlela zentambo, kodwa bendifuna ukwenza amalungiselelo aphezulu okuzenzekelayo.

Iingcingo zokudibanisa iinzwa kwisixhobo seMegaD-2561

Ukulungisa nokugqiba umsebenzi

Emva kokudweba zonke iiprojekthi kunye nokuhanjiswa kokugqibela kwendlu ngumphuhlisi, umsebenzi waqala ukudiliza "ukulungiswa" okukhoyo kunye neenethiwekhi zombane zomphuhlisi.

Ukudilizwa ukulungiswa kwigumbi lokulala

Emva kokudilizwa, kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wokwakha, kuquka iintambo zokutsala, kunye nokungena kweendonga.

Ukutsala iintambo ezintsha

Ngexesha lokuhlaziya, kuye kwafuneka ukuba senze utshintsho rhoqo kuyilo lweengcingo, sihlengahlengisa yonke into yasekhaya.

Ifoto enecabling erhabaxa

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwi-automation yasekhaya kukulungelelanisa zonke iintambo kwindawo enye kunye nefanelekileyo. Kule ndawo, ndakhetha i-niche eyenziwe ngabakhi - i-closet yezinto-ebekwe epasejini, ecaleni komnyango wangaphambili.

Iikhabhinethi ezintathu zombane - indawo enye yokudibanisa zonke iintambo

Iingxaki zokuseta isoftware

Emva kokuba ukulungiswa kugqitywe ekuqaleni kwe-2018, inxalenye enomdla kakhulu yaqala - ukuseka zonke iinkqubo kunye nokukhetha iinkqubo zokulawula ikhaya elihlakaniphile.

Kwaye kukho ubunzima kuyo yonke le nto. Kuba ukuba abakhi benza konke ukulungiswa malunga neenyanga ezi-4, besebenza kwindawo yokwakha yonke imihla, ngoko ke ndichitha iiyure ezimbalwa kuphela kule nto, kwaye kungekhona yonke imihla. Ngoko kwandithatha ezinye iinyanga ezintathu ukugqibezela ukuseta.

Ekuqaleni, inkqubo yancitshiswa yinto yokuba andizange ndikwazi ukuqwalasela nantoni na ekude: umqhubi we-telecom uqhagamshele amagumbi nge-GPON (i-Gigabit Passive Optical Network) kwaye kwakukho isiphelo soqhagamshelwano ngendlela yomzila weHuawei, kodwa bendifuna ukuba i-MikroTik ifakwe, kuba, ngokombono wam, yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo ngokubhekiselele kumlinganiselo wexabiso lexabiso namhlanje. Ngenxa yoko, iphupha lazaliseka, kodwa oku kuseziiveki ezimbalwa ukongeza kwixesha elichithwe ekusetheni.

Ukuseta iHuawei HG8245H ngo-2018 ukuze isebenze ngokuhambelana neMikroTik

Ndinekhabhinethi yokutshintsha ecwangcisiweyo ngokwahlukileyo ngaphakathi kwendlu phantsi kwesilingi yezixhobo zababoneleli bonxibelelwano - yayibandakanyiwe kuhlaziyo kwangaphambili (ungayibona kumzobo ongasentla), kwaye kwinqanaba lokulungiswa kungekuphela kweentambo ezimbini ezijijekileyo, kodwa kwanentambo yokukhanya yolulelwe kuyo.

I-automation yasekhaya ene-openHAB kunye noMncedisi weKhaya

Ekuqaleni, ndaqala ukwenza yonke i-automation yam yasekhaya kwi-openHAB. Kwaye yayingesosiqalo esikhawulezayo, nangona ndandisele ndinamava nge-openHAB. Yintoni le nkqubo ye-automation yasekhaya?

i-openHAB (imele iBus ye-Home Automation Bus evulekileyo) ibuyele kwi-2010, xa uphuhliso lwayo lwaqalwa nguKai Kreuzer eJamani njengeqonga elivulekileyo lokwakha i-automation. Ngo-2010, bekungekho zisombululo ezinjalo kwaye i-openHAB ngeendlela ezininzi yaba ngumzekelo weentlobo zeenkqubo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile esizibona ngoku. Ingcamango yakhe ilula: ukudibanisa izisombululo ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba iprotocol kunye neempawu zobugcisa, kwiplatifomu enye evulekileyo yesoftware. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ugweme nawuphi na umenzi othile kwaye usebenzise zonke iimveliso ezinojongano olulodwa lolawulo.

Ikhowudi yeSitudiyo esibonakalayo. openHAB VS Ukwandiswa kweKhowudi

I-actuator ebaluleke kakhulu ye-automation yasekhaya kwindlu yayiyi-MegaD-2561 isilawuli esinentambo - ivula izibane kwaye ivale, kwaye ifumana ukufundwa kuzo zonke izinzwa kunye neemitha.

Inexabiso eliphantsi ngokufanelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-analogues ~ 3 ruble. (ekupheleni kwe-500) kumlawuli kunye, iimodyuli ezimbini ezongezelelweyo ziyafuneka ekusebenzeni, umzekelo:

• Imodyuli yokuqala: kwiingeniso ezi-7 eziqhelekileyo, iziphumo ze-7 relay 0-220V (7 * 2300W / 10A): ~ 3 ruble (ekupheleni kwe-000);
• Imodyuli yesibini: I-14 ye-universal hardware-configurable inputs + 1 i-relay output kunye nokukwazi ukudibanisa zombini amaqhosha kunye ne-digital sensors I2C, i-1-wire, njl.: ~ 3 ruble (ekupheleni kwe-000);

Ndineesethi ezimbini ezifakwe kwigumbi lam, oko kukuthi, abalawuli ababini kunye neemodyuli ezine ezongezelelweyo.

Ukujonga kwixabiso layo eliphantsi, unokucinga ukuba esi sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sokwenza izinto ezizenzekelayo ekhaya, kodwa oku akuyonyani ngokupheleleyo. Esi sisixhobo se-Geek DIY kuqala kwaye ngokuphambili, kwaye ukuba awunalo ixesha kunye nomonde wokuseta okokuqala kunye noqhagamshelo lomzimba, AYIKHO kuwe. Kwakhona, iMegaD-2561 ayiyi kusebenza ngaphandle kwebhokisi, njenge-Xiaomi Mi Home.

Kwaye ukuba i-automation kwindlu yakho okanye indlu ayiqhutywa nguwe, kodwa ngumbutho okhethekileyo, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba unikwe esi sixhobo, kuba i-margin ephantsi kakhulu kwi-installer eyingcali.

Kodwa bendinomnqweno kunye nexesha lokuzicingela ngokwam kwaye kwangaxeshanye ndifumane umsebenzi "omdala" (okuthi esi sixhobo sinokubonelela ngoqwalaselo olufanelekileyo), kuba ngokutsho kwe-KNX, endiyijongileyo ekuqaleni, ndicatshulwe kuphela. ixabiso elinjalo lezixhobo, endiye ndagqiba ukuhlawula konke ukulungiswa, ifenitshala kunye nawo wonke umsebenzi wombane, kubandakanywa izixhobo ezizenzekelayo kunye nezinzwa. Kwaye i-KNX yayiyixabiso kuphela lezixhobo ngaphandle kokufakela kunye noqwalaselo.

Ulungelelwaniso lwendlu yam kwi-openHAB 2.2 kwi-GitHub:
https://github.com/empenoso/openHAB_one-room-apartment/

Ekuqaleni yonke into yayisebenza kwigumbi, kodwa emva konyaka ndadibana nobunzima obungenakoyiswa nge-openHAB kwezona zinto zilula, endandisele ndizenzile amaxesha amaninzi ngaphambili. Ke ngoko, ngo-2019 ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba nditshintshele kuMncedisi weKhaya.

Kodwa oku akukona ukuphela kwebali, kodwa kuphela inxalenye yokuqala yenqaku. Ndiza kulungiselela inxalenye yesibini yenqaku kwiiveki ezimbini.

UPD. Ukuqhubeka sele ipapashiwe.

Isiphumo

Kwinxalenye yokuqala yenqaku, ndikuxelela into endiphuphe ngayo ngo-2016 kunye nento endiyifumene phakathi kwe-2018. Ndikwathetha ngomzamo wam ongaphumeleliyo wokutsala umphuhlisi kwisihloko se-automation yasekhaya kunye nento eyandikhokelela ekubeni ndizenzele ngokuzimeleyo zonke iiprojekthi ezizenzekelayo.

Kwinqaku ndibonelela ngeefoto ezivela kwindawo yokwakha ngokulungisa nokugqiba umsebenzi. Ndikhalaza kwakhona malunga nobunzima besoftware ekusekeni nasekuthetheni malunga nenkqubo ye-openHAB yasekhaya.

Kwinxalenye yesibini ndiza kubonisa zonke iifoto zokugqibela zendlu kunye nazo zonke iipaneli zombane ezibangelwayo, kwaye ndithetha ngobunzima endiye ndadibana nabo kwenye inkqubo ye-automation yasekhaya - uMncedisi weKhaya.

umbhali: UMikhail Shardin.

Imizobo: Mikhail Shardin.
Imifanekiso enxulumene noMncedisi weKhaya: u-Alexey Krainev xMrVizzy.

NgoFebruwari 5 - 25, 2020

Ngabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo kuphela abanokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando. Ngena, ndiyacela.

Ngaba uhlala kwindlu / indlu ene-automation yasekhaya?

• 2,0%I-automation epheleleyo34

• 20,9%Inxalenye ezenzekelayo348

• 58,3%Akukho nto izenzekelayo (kodwa ifunwa)969

• 2,3%Ndichasene nayo nayiphi na into ezenzekelayo!38

• 0,8%Enye into (bhala kwizimvo)14

• 15,6%Akukho automation (kwaye engafuni)259

Bangama-1662 abasebenzisi abavotileyo. Abasebenzisi abali-135 abakhange.

umthombo: www.habr.com