ProHoster > Ibhulogi > Ulawulo > Ukwakha iqela lePostgreSQL elifumaneka kakhulu usebenzisa iPatroni, etcd, HAProxy

Ukwakha iqela lePostgreSQL elifumaneka kakhulu usebenzisa iPatroni, etcd, HAProxy

Kwenzekile ukuba ngexesha lengxaki ibekwe ngayo, bendingenawo amava aneleyo okuphuhlisa nokusungula esi sisombululo ndedwa. Kwaye emva koko ndaqalisa iGoogle.

Andazi ukuba yintoni into yokubambisa, kodwa okwexesha leshumi ndijongene nenyaniso yokuba nokuba ndenza yonke into inyathelo ngenyathelo njengakwisifundo, ndilungiselela indawo efanayo nombhali, ke akukho nto isebenzayo. Andazi ukuba yintoni na ingxaki, kodwa xa ndidibana nale nto kwakhona, ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndiza kubhala eyam isifundo xa yonke into isebenza. Enye eya kusebenza ngokuqinisekileyo.

Izikhokelo kwi-Intanethi

Kwenzeka njalo ukuba i-Intanethi ayikhathazwa kukunqongophala kwezikhokelo ezahlukeneyo, izifundo, inyathelo ngenyathelo kunye nokunye okunjalo. Kwenzekile ukuba ndinikwe umsebenzi wokuphuhlisa isisombululo sokulungelelanisa kunye nokwakha iqela le-PostgreSQL, ezona mfuno ziphambili zokuphindaphinda ukusuka kwi-Master server kuzo zonke ii-replicas kunye nokubonelela ngokuzenzekelayo kogcino kwimeko yomncedisi we-Master. ukusilela.

Ngeli nqanaba, i-stack yetekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo yamiselwa:

  • I-PostgreSQL njenge-DBMS
  • uPatroni njengesisombululo sokudibanisa
  • etcd njengendawo yokugcina esasaziweyo yePatroni
  • I-HAproxy yokuququzelela indawo enye yokungena kwizicelo usebenzisa i-database

isicwangciso

Ukunika ingqalelo - ukwakha iqela lePostgreSQL elifumanekayo kakhulu usebenzisa iPatroni, etcd, HAProxy.

Yonke imisebenzi yenziwa koomatshini benyani abane-Debian 10 OS efakiweyo.

njl

Andiyicebisi ukufaka i-etcd kumashishini afanayo apho i-patroni kunye ne-postgresql iya kuba khona, ekubeni umthwalo wediski ubaluleke kakhulu kwi-etcd. Kodwa ngeenjongo zokufundisa, siya kwenza kanye loo nto.
Masifake etcd.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get update
apt-get install etcd

Yongeza umxholo kwifayile /etc/default/etcd

[ilungu]

ETCD_NAME=datanode1 # igama lomamkeli womatshini wakho
ETCD_DATA_DIR=”/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd”

ZONKE IIdilesi ze-IP KUFUNEKA ZISEBENZE. LISTER ONTO, CLIENT etc KUFANELE USISELWE IP ADDRESS OF Host

ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380» # idilesi yemoto yakho
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379» # idilesi yemoto yakho

[iqela]

ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380» # idilesi yemoto yakho
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER=»datanode1=http://192.168.0.143:2380,datanode2=http://192.168.0.144:2380,datanode3=http://192.168.0.145:2380» # iidilesi zabo bonke oomatshini kwiqela etcd
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="entsha"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-1″
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379» # idilesi yemoto yakho

Phumeza umyalelo

systemctl restart etcd

I-PostgreSQL 9.6 + patroni

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukuseka oomatshini abathathu benyani ukufaka isoftware eyimfuneko kubo. Emva kokufaka oomatshini, ukuba ulandela isifundo sam, unokuqhuba esi script silula esiya kuthi (phantse) senze yonke into kuwe. Ibaleka njengengcambu.

Nceda uqaphele ukuba iskripthi sisebenzisa i-PostgreSQL version 9.6, oku kungenxa yeemfuno zangaphakathi zenkampani yethu. Isisombululo asivavanywanga kwezinye iinguqulelo zePostgreSQL.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get install gnupg -y
echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ buster-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | apt-key add -
apt-get update
apt-get install postgresql-9.6 python3-pip python3-dev libpq-dev -y
systemctl stop postgresql
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip install psycopg2
pip install patroni[etcd]
echo "
[Unit]
Description=Runners to orchestrate a high-availability PostgreSQL
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple

User=postgres
Group=postgres

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/patroni /etc/patroni.yml

KillMode=process

TimeoutSec=30

Restart=no

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targ
" > /etc/systemd/system/patroni.service
mkdir -p /data/patroni
chown postgres:postgres /data/patroni
chmod 700 /data/patroniпо
touch /etc/patroni.yml

Okulandelayo, kwifayile /etc/patroni.yml osanda kuyenza, kufuneka ubeke imixholo elandelayo, ngokuqinisekileyo utshintshe iidilesi ze-IP kuzo zonke iindawo kwiidilesi ozisebenzisayo.
Nika ingqalelo kwizimvo kule yaml. Guqula iidilesi zibe zezakho kumatshini ngamnye kwiqela.

/etc/patroni.yml

scope: pgsql # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
namespace: /cluster/ # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
name: postgres1 # должно быть разным на всех нодах

restapi:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл

etcd:
    hosts: 192.168.0.143:2379,192.168.0.144:2379,192.168.0.145:2379 # перечислите здесь все ваши ноды, в случае если вы устанавливаете etcd на них же

# this section (bootstrap) will be written into Etcd:/<namespace>/<scope>/config after initializing new cluster
# and all other cluster members will use it as a `global configuration`
bootstrap:
    dcs:
        ttl: 100
        loop_wait: 10
        retry_timeout: 10
        maximum_lag_on_failover: 1048576
        postgresql:
            use_pg_rewind: true
            use_slots: true
            parameters:
                    wal_level: replica
                    hot_standby: "on"
                    wal_keep_segments: 5120
                    max_wal_senders: 5
                    max_replication_slots: 5
                    checkpoint_timeout: 30

    initdb:
    - encoding: UTF8
    - data-checksums
    - locale: en_US.UTF8
    # init pg_hba.conf должен содержать адреса ВСЕХ машин, используемых в кластере
    pg_hba:
    - host replication postgres ::1/128 md5
    - host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/8 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.143/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.144/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.145/24 md5
    - host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5

    users:
        admin:
            password: admin
            options:
                - createrole
                - createdb

postgresql:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    data_dir: /data/patroni # эту директорию создаст скрипт, описанный выше и установит нужные права
    bin_dir:  /usr/lib/postgresql/9.6/bin # укажите путь до вашей директории с postgresql
    pgpass: /tmp/pgpass
    authentication:
        replication:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
        superuser:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
    create_replica_methods:
        basebackup:
            checkpoint: 'fast'
    parameters:
        unix_socket_directories: '.'

tags:
    nofailover: false
    noloadbalance: false
    clonefrom: false
    nosync: false

Iscript kufuneka siqhutywe kubo bonke oomatshini abathathu be-cluster, kwaye ulungelelwaniso olungentla kufuneka lufakwe kwifayile /etc/patroni.yml kubo bonke oomatshini.

Nje ukuba ugqibezele le misebenzi kubo bonke oomatshini abakwiqela, sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo kuyo nayiphi na kubo

systemctl start patroni
systemctl start postgresql

Linda malunga nemizuzwana engama-30, uze usebenzise lo myalelo koomatshini abaseleyo kwiqela.

I-HAproxy

Sisebenzisa i-HAproxy emangalisayo ukubonelela ngenqaku elinye lokungena. I-master server iya kuhlala ikhona kwidilesi yomatshini apho i-HAproxy isetyenziswe khona.

Ukuze ungenzi umatshini one-HAproxy ibe yindawo enye yokusilela, siya kuyisungula kwisikhongozeli seDocker; kwixesha elizayo inokuqaliswa kwiqela le-K8 kwaye lenze iqela lethu le-failover lithembeke ngakumbi.

Yenza uvimba weefayili apho unokugcina iifayile ezimbini-i-Dockerfile kunye ne-haproxy.cfg. Yiya kuyo.

dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update 
    && apt-get install -y haproxy rsyslog 
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

RUN mkdir /run/haproxy

COPY haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

CMD haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg && tail -F /var/log/haproxy.log

Lumka, imigca emithathu yokugqibela yefayile haproxy.cfg kufuneka idwelise iidilesi koomatshini bakho. I-HAproxy iya kuqhagamshelana noPatroni, kwiintloko ze-HTTP i-master server iya kuhlala ibuyisela i-200, kwaye i-replica iya kuhlala ibuyisela i-503.

haproxy.cfg

global
    maxconn 100

defaults
    log global
    mode tcp
    retries 2
    timeout client 30m
    timeout connect 4s
    timeout server 30m
    timeout check 5s

listen stats
    mode http
    bind *:7000
    stats enable
    stats uri /

listen postgres
    bind *:5000
    option httpchk
    http-check expect status 200
    default-server inter 3s fall 3 rise 2 on-marked-down shutdown-sessions
    server postgresql1 192.168.0.143:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql2 192.168.0.144:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql3 192.168.0.145:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008

Ukuba kuluhlu apho zombini iifayile zethu "zilele," masenze ngokulandelelana imiyalelo yokupakisha isikhongozeli, kunye nokuyisungula ngokuthumela amazibuko ayimfuneko:

docker build -t my-haproxy .
docker run -d -p5000:5000 -p7000:7000 my-haproxy

Ngoku, ngokuvula idilesi yomatshini wakho nge-HAproxy kwisiphequluli kwaye uchaze i-port 7000, uya kubona izibalo kwiqela lakho.

Umncedisi oyinkosi uyakuba kwimo ye-UP, kwaye iikopi ziyakuba kwimeko PHANTSI. Oku kuqhelekile, enyanisweni bayasebenza, kodwa bavela ngale ndlela kuba babuyisela i-503 yezicelo ezivela kwi-HAproxy. Oku kusivumela ukuba sisoloko sisazi kakuhle ukuba yeyiphi kwezi zintathu iiseva eyinkosi yangoku.

isiphelo

Umhle! Kwimizuzu nje engama-30 usasaze iqoqo lesiseko sedatha eligqibeleleyo elinokunyamezela iimpazamo kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nophindaphindo lokusasaza kunye nokubuyela umva okuzenzekelayo. Ukuba uceba ukusebenzisa esi sisombululo, khangela kunye namaxwebhu asemthethweni e-Patroni, kwaye ngakumbi ngenxalenye yayo malunga nezinto eziluncedo ze-patronictl, ebonelela ngofikelelo olulula lokulawula iqela lakho.

Sivuyisana nawe!

umthombo: www.habr.com

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