ProHoster > Ibhulogi > Ulawulo > Undoqo weSoftware yesiseko se-cyber ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yoqhankqalazo olumanyeneyo lokulwa

Undoqo weSoftware yesiseko se-cyber ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yoqhankqalazo olumanyeneyo lokulwa

Isishwankathelo samacandelo aphambili e-F-35 ye-Unified Strike Fighter's Autonomous Logistics Information System (ALIS). Uhlalutyo olucacileyo lwe "iyunithi yenkxaso yokulwa" kunye nezixhobo zayo ezine eziphambili: 1) i-interface ye-human-system, i-2) inkqubo yokulawula i-executive, i-3) i-immune system, i-4) inkqubo ye-avionics. Olunye ulwazi malunga ne-firmware ye-F-35 fighter kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa isoftwe yayo ebhodini. Uthelekiso kunye neemodeli zangaphambili zamajoni okulwa kunikezelwa, kwaye amathemba ophuhliso olongezelelweyo lweenqwelomoya zomkhosi nawo abonisiwe.

Undoqo weSoftware yesiseko se-cyber ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yoqhankqalazo olumanyeneyo lokulwa

Ijethi yokulwa ye-F-35 liqela elibhabhayo lazo zonke iintlobo zezivamvo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezibonelela nge "360-degree yolwazi lwemeko."

Intshayelelo

Iinkqubo ze-hardware ze-Air Force ziye zanzima ngakumbi nangakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha. [27] Ulwakhiwo lwabo lwe-cyberinfrastructure (isoftware kunye nezixhobo zehardware ezifuna ukulungiswa kakuhle kwe-algorithmic) nazo ngokuthe ngcembe ziba nzima ngakumbi. Ukusebenzisa umzekelo we-US Air Force, umntu unokubona indlela isiseko se-cyber seenqwelomoya zokulwa - xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ze-hardware zemveli - ziye zanda ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-5% (kwi-F-4, isizukulwana sesithathu somlo) ukuya. ngaphezu kwe-90% (ye-F-35, umlo wesizukulwana sesihlanu). [5] Ukulungiswa kakuhle kwesi siseko se-cyber, i-F-35 inoxanduva lwesoftware yamva nje ephuhliswe ngokukodwa le njongo: i-Autonomous Logistics Information System (ALIS).

Inkqubo yolwazi yolungiselelo oluzimeleyo

Ngexesha leemfazwe zesizukulwana sesi-5, ukugqwesa kokulwa kulinganiswa ngokuyintloko ngomgangatho wolwazi lwemeko. [10] Ke ngoko, umlwi we-F-35 ngumkhosi obhabhayo wazo zonke iintlobo ze-teknoloji ephezulu, ebonelela nge-360-degree yolwazi lwemeko. [11] A hit entsha ethandwayo kulo mba yinto ebizwa. "I-Integrated Sensor Architecture" (ISA), ebandakanya abenzi boluvo abasebenzisana ngokuzimeleyo omnye komnye ngokuguqukayo (kungekhona nje kwindawo ethe cwaka, kodwa nakwiindawo ezikhuphisanayo zobuchule) - ethi, ngokwethiyori, kufuneka ikhokelele kuphuculo olukhulu ngakumbi kumgangatho wolwazi lwemeko. . [7]. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze le thiyori isebenze, ukusetyenzwa komgangatho ophezulu we-algorithmic yazo zonke iinkcukacha ezifunyenwe kwiisensors ziyimfuneko.

Ke ngoko, i-F-35 ihlala iphethe isoftware ebhodini, ubungakanani obupheleleyo bekhowudi yomthombo ongaphezulu kwemigca yezigidi ezingama-20, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba "yikhompyuter ephaphazelayo." [6] Ekubeni kwixesha langoku lesihlanu labalweli boqhankqalazo, ukongama okulwa kulinganiswa nomgangatho wolwazi lwemeko, phantse i-50% yale khowudi yenkqubo (imigca eyi-8,6 yezigidi) iqhuba eyona nkqubo inzima ye-algorithmic - ukuncamathelisa yonke idatha ezayo. ukusuka kuluvo ukuya kumfanekiso omnye wethiyetha yokusebenza. Ngexesha lokwenyani.

Undoqo weSoftware yesiseko se-cyber ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yoqhankqalazo olumanyeneyo lokulwaAmandla otshintsho ekuboneleleni ngokusebenza okusebhodini kubalwi baseMelika - ukuya kwisoftware

I-F-35 ye-Autonomous Logistics Information System (ALIS) inikezela umloli nge-1) ukucwangcisa (ngeendlela eziphambili ze-avionics), i-2) ukugcinwa (ikhono lokusebenza njengeyunithi yokulwa ehamba phambili), kunye ne-3) ukuqinisa (ubuchule bokwenza njengeyunithi yokulwa ngamakhoboka). [4] "IKhowudi yeGlue" iyona nxalenye ephambili ye-ALIS, ibalwa kwi-95% yazo zonke iikhowudi zeenqwelo-moya ze-F-35. Enye i-50% yekhowudi ye-ALIS yenza imisebenzi encinci, kodwa kunye ne-algorithmically kakhulu, imisebenzi. [12] I-F-35 ke ngoko yenye yezona nkqubo zinzima zokulwa ezakha zaphuhliswa. [6]

I-ALIS yinkqubo ye-autopiloted enemiqathango edibanisa i-complex edibeneyo yoluhlu olubanzi lwee-subsystems ze-onboard; kwaye ikwabandakanya unxibelelwano olusebenzayo nomqhubi wenqwelo-moya ngokumnika ulwazi olukumgangatho ophezulu malunga nethiyetha yokusebenza (ulwazi ngemeko). Injini ye-software ye-ALIS iqhuba rhoqo ngasemva, incedisa umqhubi we-pilot ekwenzeni izigqibo kunye nokubonelela ngesikhokelo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo kwi-flight. [13]

Iyunithi yenkxaso yokulwa

Enye yezona nkqubo zibalulekileyo ze-ALIS “yiyunithi yenkxaso yokulwa”, equlathe izinto ezintlanu eziphambili [13]:

I-1) "I-interface ye-Human-system" - ibonelela ngokubonakalayo komgangatho ophezulu we-theater of operations (ergonomic, comprehensive, concise). [12] Ngokuqwalasela le thiyetha, umqhubi wenqwelomoya wenza izigqibo zobuchule kunye nemiba yemiyalelo yokulwa, ethi yona iqwalaselwe yiyunithi ye-ICS.

I-2) "Inkqubo yokulawula i-Executive-control" (ECS) - ukusebenzisana kunye neeyunithi zokulawula izixhobo ebhodini, iqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwemiyalelo yokulwa, ekhutshwe ngumqhubi ngokusebenzisa i-interface yenkqubo yomntu. I-ICS iphinda irekhode umonakalo wangempela ekusetyenzisweni komyalelo ngamnye wokulwa (nge-feedback sensors) - kuhlalutyo lwayo olulandelayo ngenkqubo ye-avionics.

3) "I-On-Board Immune System" (BIS) - ibeka iliso kwizoyikiso zangaphandle kwaye, xa zifunyenwe, ziqhuba amanyathelo afunekayo ukuze kupheliswe izisongelo. Kule meko, i-BIS inokonwabela inkxaso yeeyunithi zokulwa ezinobuhlobo ezithatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi odibeneyo wobuchule. [8] Ngenxa yale njongo, i-LSI isebenzisana ngokusondeleyo kunye neenkqubo ze-avionics - ngenkqubo yonxibelelwano.

I-4) "Inkqubo ye-Avionics" - iguqula umlambo ongcolileyo wedatha evela kwii-sensors ezahlukeneyo zibe nolwazi oluphezulu lwemeko, ekhoyo kumqhubi ngokusebenzisa ujongano lwenkqubo yomntu.

I-5) "Inkqubo yoNxibelelwano" - ilawula i-traffic network kunye ne-traffic yangaphandle, njl. isebenza njengekhonkco phakathi kwazo zonke iinkqubo zebhodi; ngokunjalo naphakathi kwazo zonke iiyunithi zokulwa ezithatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi odibeneyo wobuchule.

Ujongano lwenkqubo yomntu

Ukuhlangabezana nesidingo somgangatho ophezulu kunye nolwazi olubanzi lwemeko, unxibelelwano kunye nokubonwa kwi-cockpit yokulwa kubalulekile. Ubuso be-ALIS ngokubanzi kunye neyunithi yenkxaso yokulwa ngokukodwa "i-panoramic visualization display subsystem" (I-L-3 Communications Display Systems). Iquka isikrini esikhulu esiphezulu se-high-definition touch screen (LADD) kunye nejelo lonxibelelwano olubanzi. I-software ye-L-3 iqhuba i-Integrity OS 178B (inkqubo yexesha langempela lokusebenza evela kwi-Green Hills Software), eyona nkqubo i-avionics engundoqo yokusebenza kwi-jet yokulwa ye-F-35.

Abayili beziseko ezingundoqo ze-F-35 ze-cyber ezikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo I-Integrity OS 178B ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezintandathu zenkqubo yokusebenza ngokuthe ngqo: 1) ukubambelela kwimigangatho yolwakhiwo oluvulekileyo, 2) ukuhambelana neLinux, 3) ukuhambelana nePOSIX API, 4) ulwabiwo lwenkumbulo ekhuselekileyo, 5) inkxaso ye. iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zokhuseleko kunye ne-6) inkxaso yenkcazo ye-ARINC 653. [12] "I-ARINC 653" yinkqubo yesoftware yesicelo kwizicelo ze-avionics. Olu jongano lulawula ulwahlulo lwexeshana kunye nesithuba sezixhobo zenkqubo yekhompuyutha ngenqwelomoya ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yeavionics edityanisiweyo yeemodyuli; kwaye ikwachaza ujongano lwenkqubo ekufuneka isoftware yesicelo isebenzise ukufikelela kwimithombo yenkqubo yekhompyuter.

Undoqo weSoftware yesiseko se-cyber ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yoqhankqalazo olumanyeneyo lokulwaIndlela esezantsi yomboniso wePanoramic

Inkqubo yolawulo lolawulo

Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, i-ICS, ukusebenzisana kunye neeyunithi zokulawula izixhobo zebhodi, iqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwemiyalelo yokulwa kunye nokurekhoda komonakalo wangempela ekusebenziseni umyalelo ngamnye wokulwa. Intliziyo ye-ICS yi-supercomputer, enokuthi ngokwendalo ikwahlulwe “njengesixhobo esisebhodini.”

Kuba umthamo wemisebenzi eyabelwe i-on-board supercomputer inkulu kakhulu, inyuse amandla kwaye ihlangabezana neemfuno eziphezulu zokunyamezela iimpazamo kunye namandla ekhompyuter; Ikwaxhotyiswe ngenkqubo esebenzayo yokupholisa ulwelo. Onke la manyathelo athatyathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yekhompyuter ekwibhodi iyakwazi ukusetyenzwa ngokufanelekileyo izixa ezikhulu zedatha kwaye iqhube phambili i-algorithmic processing - ebonelela umqhubi wenqwelomoya ngolwazi olusebenzayo lwemeko: emnika ulwazi olubanzi malunga nethiyetha yokusebenza. [12]

I-supercomputer ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yejethi yokulwa iyakwazi ukuqhubeka isenza imisebenzi engama-40 eebhiliyoni ngomzuzwana, ngenxa yoko iqinisekisa ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi emininzi ye-algorithms enzulu yezixhobo ze-avionics eziphambili (kubandakanywa nokusebenza kwe-electro-optical, infrared and idatha yerada). [9] Ixesha lokwenyani. Kumlweli we-F-35, akunakwenzeka ukwenza zonke ezi zibalo ze-algorithmically ezinzulu kwicala (ukuze ungaxhobi iyunithi nganye yokulwa nge-supercomputer), ngenxa yokuba ubuninzi bokuhamba okupheleleyo kwedatha evela kuzo zonke izinzwa buyadlula. i-output yezona nkqubo zonxibelelwano zikhawulezayo - ubuncinane amaxesha angama-1000. [12]

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okwandisiweyo, zonke iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ze-F-35 (kubandakanywa, kwinqanaba elithile, i-onboard supercomputer) ziphunyezwa kusetyenziswa umgaqo wokuphindaphinda, ukwenzela ukuba umsebenzi ofanayo ebhodini unokwenziwa zizixhobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, imfuno yokungafuneki komsebenzi kukuba izinto eziphindiweyo ziphuhliswe ngabanye abavelisi kwaye babenolunye ulwakhiwo. Ndiyabulela koku, ukuba nokwenzeka kokungaphumeleli ngaxeshanye kweyokuqala kunye nokuphindaphinda kuncitshisiwe. [1, 2] Kungenxa yoko le nto ikhompyuter enkulu iqhuba inkqubo efana neLinux, ngelixa iikhompyuter zekhoboka ziqhuba iWindows. [2] Kwakhona, ukuze ukuba enye yeekhompyuter iyasilela, iyunithi yenkxaso yokulwa ingaqhubeka nokusebenza (ubuncinci kwimo engxamisekileyo), i-ALIS kernel architecture yakhiwe kumgaqo "we-multithreaded client-server for distributed computing." [18]

Amajoni omzimba akwibhodi

Kwimeko echasene neqhinga lobuchule, ukugcinwa kokungakhuseleki emoyeni kufuna indibaniselwano esebenzayo yokuqina, ukuphindaphindeka, ukungafani, kunye nokusebenza kokusasazwa. Inqwelomoya yokulwa yayizolo ibingenasixokelelwano esidityanisiweyo esisebhodini (BIS). Inqwelomoya yayo i-LSI yahlulwa kwaye yayiquka amacandelo amaninzi asebenza ngokuzimeleyo. Ngalinye lala macandelo liye lalungiselelwa ukumelana nenkqubo ethile, encinci yezixhobo zezixhobo: 1) i-ballistic projectiles, i-2) imijukujelwa ejoliswe kwi-radio frequency okanye i-electro-optical signal, 3) i-laser irradiation, 4) i-radar irradiation, njl. Xa uhlaselo lufunyenwe, inkqubo ephantsi ye-LSI ehambelana nayo yasebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye yathatha amanyathelo achaseneyo.

Amacandelo e-LSI yayizolo ayilwe kwaye aphuhliswa ngokuzimeleyo enye kwenye - ngabakhi abahlukeneyo. Ekubeni la macandelo, njengomthetho, ayenolwakhiwo oluvaliweyo, ukuphuculwa kwe-LSI - njengoko iteknoloji entsha kunye neenkqubo ezintsha zezixhobo zavela - zancitshiswa ukuba zongeze elinye icandelo elizimeleyo le-LSI. Ukungalungi okusisiseko kwe-LSI eqhekekileyo - equlethwe ngamacandelo azimeleyo kunye noyilo oluvaliweyo - kukuba iinxalenye zayo azikwazi ukusebenzisana kwaye azikwazi ukulungelelaniswa phakathi. Ngamanye amazwi, abanako ukunxibelelana kunye nokwenza imisebenzi edibeneyo, ethintela ukuthembeka kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwe-LSI yonke. Umzekelo, ukuba enye ye-immune subsystems iyasilela okanye itshatyalalisiwe, ezinye ii-subsystems azikwazi ukuhlawula ngokufanelekileyo le lahleko. Ukongeza, ukuqhekeka kwe-LSIs kaninzi kukhokelela ekuphindaphindweni kwezinto zobuchwephesha obuphezulu njengeprosesa kunye neziboniso, [8] ezithi, kumxholo "wengxaki ehlala iluhlaza" yokunciphisa i-SWAP (ubungakanani, ubunzima kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla) [16] ], iyinkcitho kakhulu. Ayimangalisi into yokuba ezi LSIs zakuqala ngokuthe ngcembe ziphelelwa lixesha.

I-LSI eqhekezayo ithathelwa indawo yinto enye esasazwa kwi-immune system, elawulwa "yi-intellectual-cognitive controller" (ICC). I-ICC yinkqubo ekhethekileyo, i-on-board central nervous system, esebenza phezu kwe-subsystems edibeneyo efakwe kwi-BIS. Le nkqubo idibanisa zonke ii-subsystems ze-LSI zibe yinethiwekhi enye esasazwayo (enolwazi oluqhelekileyo kunye nezibonelelo eziqhelekileyo), kwaye idibanisa zonke ii-LSI kunye neprosesa ephakathi kunye nezinye iinkqubo zebhodi. [8] Isiseko sale ndibaniselwano (kubandakanywa indibaniselwano namacandelo aya kuphuhliswa kwixesha elizayo) yingcamango eyamkelwa ngokubanzi “yenkqubo yeenkqubo” (SoS), [3] - eneempawu zayo ezahlulayo ezinjengokwaleka, ukucaciswa koluntu. kunye nesoftware yoyilo oluvulekileyo kunye nehardware.

I-ICC inofikelelo kulwazi oluvela kuzo zonke ii-subsystems ze-BIS; umsebenzi wayo kukuthelekisa nokuhlalutya ulwazi olufunyenwe kwiinkqubo ezisezantsi zeLSI. I-ICC ihlala isebenza ngasemva, inxibelelana ngokuqhubekayo nazo zonke ii-subsystems ze-LSI - ukuchonga isoyikiso ngasinye esinokubakho, ukuyibeka kwindawo, kwaye ekugqibeleni icebisa umqhubi wendlela yokulinganisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo (ithathela ingqalelo ubuchule obukhethekileyo benkqubo nganye ye-LSI). Ngenxa yale njongo, i-ICC isebenzisa i-algorithms yengqondo ephezulu [17-25].

Oko. Inqwelomoya nganye ine-ICC yayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukufezekisa ukudibanisa okukhulu ngakumbi (kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuthembeka okukhulu), i-ICC yazo zonke iinqwelo-moya ezithatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi wobuchule zidityaniswe kwinethiwekhi eyodwa eqhelekileyo, ukulungelelaniswa kwayo "inkqubo yolwazi oluzimeleyo" (ALIS). ) unoxanduva. [4] Xa enye ye-ICC ichaza isongelo, i-ALIS ibala eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuchasana - isebenzisa ulwazi oluvela kuzo zonke ii-ICC kunye nenkxaso yazo zonke iiyunithi zokulwa ezithatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi wobuchule. U-ALIS "uyazi" iimpawu zomntu ngamnye kwi-ICC nganye, kwaye uyisebenzisela ukuphumeza amanyathelo okuphikisanayo alungelelanisiweyo.

I-LSI esasazwayo ijongene nezangaphandle (enxulumene nemisebenzi yokulwa notshaba) kunye nangaphakathi (enxulumene nesimbo sokulinga kunye nee-nuances zokusebenza) izoyikiso. Ebhodini i-F-35 fighter, inkqubo ye-avionics inoxanduva lokucubungula izisongelo zangaphandle, kunye ne-VRAMS (inkqubo yolwazi lwengozi ehlakaniphile ehambelana neendlela eziyingozi zezixhobo) inoxanduva lokujongana nezisongelo zangaphakathi. [13] Eyona njongo ye-VRAMS kukwandisa amaxesha okusebenza kwenqwelo-moya phakathi kweeseshoni zololongo olufunekayo. Ukwenza oku, i-VRAMS iqokelela ulwazi lwexesha langempela malunga nokusebenza kweziseko ezisisiseko ze-onboard (injini yenqwelo-moya, iidrive ezincedisayo, amacandelo omatshini, ii-subsystems zombane) kunye nokuhlalutya imeko yabo yobugcisa; ukuthathela ingqalelo iiparamitha ezinje ngencopho yobushushu, ukuhla koxinzelelo, ukushukuma kwe-vibration kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zokuphazamiseka. Ngokusekwe kolu lwazi, i-VRAMS inika umqhubi wenqwelo-moya iingcebiso kwangethuba malunga nento emayenziwe ukugcina inqwelomoya ikhuselekile kwaye ivakala. I-VRAMS “iqikelela” ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ezinokuthi zikhokelele kuzo izenzo ezithile zomqhubi wenqwelo-moya, kwaye ikwanika neengcebiso ngendlela yokuphepha. [13]

I-benchmark i-VRAMS izama ukuyigcina kulondolozo lwe-zero ngelixa igcina ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokunciphisa ukudinwa kwesakhiwo. Ukufezekisa le njongo, iilebhu zophando zisebenza ukwenza izinto ezinezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile eziya kukwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiimeko zokugcinwa kwe-zero. Abaphandi kwezi lebhu benza iindlela zokubona ii-microcracks kunye nezinye ii-precursors zokusilela ukuze kuthintelwe ukusilela okunokwenzeka kwangaphambili. Uphando lukwaqhutywa ukuze kuqondwe ngcono isenzeko sokudinwa kwesakhiwo ukuze kusetyenziswe le datha ukulawula ukulawulwa kweenqwelomoya ukuze kuncitshiswe ukudinwa kwesakhiwo - njl. ukwandisa ubomi obuluncedo benqwelomoya. [13] Kule nkalo, kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba malunga ne-50% yamanqaku kwiphephancwadi elithi "Advanced in Engineering Software" inikezelwe kuhlalutyo lwamandla kunye nobuthathaka bekhonkrithi eqinisiweyo kunye nezinye izakhiwo.

Undoqo weSoftware yesiseko se-cyber ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yoqhankqalazo olumanyeneyo lokulwaInkqubo yobukrelekrele yokwazisa malunga nemingcipheko ehambelana neendlela eziyingozi kwizixhobo

Inkqubo ye-avionics ephezulu

Iyunithi yenkxaso yokulwa emoyeni ye-F-35 ibandakanya inkqubo ye-avionics ephucukileyo eyilelwe ukusombulula umsebenzi wamabhongo:

Iinkqubo ze-avionics zayizolo zibandakanya ii-subsystems ezininzi ezizimeleyo (ukulawula i-infrared kunye ne-ultraviolet sensors, i-radar, i-sonar, imfazwe ye-elektroniki kunye nezinye), nganye ixhotywe ngomboniso wayo. Ngenxa yoko, umqhubi we-pilot kwafuneka ajonge nganye yeziboniso ngokulandelelana kwaye ahlalutye ngesandla kwaye athelekise idatha evela kubo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkqubo ye-avionics yanamhlanje, ngokukodwa ixhotyiswe nge-F-35 fighter, imele yonke idatha, ihlakazekile ngaphambili, njengesixhobo esisodwa; kumboniso omnye oqhelekileyo. Oko. inkqubo ye-avionics yanamhlanje yinkqubo ehlanganisiweyo yokudibanisa idatha ye-network-centric enika umqhubi we-pilot ngolwazi olusebenzayo lwemeko; ukumsindisa kwisidingo sokwenza izibalo zohlalutyo ezintsonkothileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yokukhutshwa kwento yomntu kwi-loop yokuhlalutya, umqhubi we-pilot ngoku akanakuphazanyiswa kwi-mission enkulu yokulwa.

Enye yeenzame zokuqala ezibalulekileyo zokususa into yomntu kwi-avionics analytical loop yaphunyezwa kwi-cyber infrastructure ye-F-22 fighter. Ebhodini lo mlo, inkqubo ye-algorithmically enzulu ijongene ne-gluing ephezulu yedatha evela kwi-sensors ezahlukeneyo, ubungakanani obupheleleyo beekhowudi zomthombo ezizizigidi ezi-1,7 imigca. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-90% yekhowudi ibhalwe kwi-Ada. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ye-avionics yanamhlanje - elawulwa yinkqubo ye-ALIS - ukuba i-F-35 ixhotyiswe ngayo ihambele phambili kakhulu xa ithelekiswa ne-F-22 fighter.

I-ALIS yayisekelwe kwi-software ye-F-22 yokulwa. Nangona kunjalo, akukho migca ye-1,7 yezigidi zekhowudi ngoku inoxanduva lokudibanisa idatha, kodwa i-8,6 yezigidi. Ngexesha elifanayo, uninzi lwekhowudi lubhalwe kwiC / C ++. Umsebenzi ophambili wayo yonke le khowudi ye-algorithmically olunzulu kukuvavanya ukuba yeyiphi ingcaciso eya kuba yinto efanelekileyo kumqhubi. Ngenxa yoko, ngokugxila kuphela kwidatha ebalulekileyo kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga, umqhubi we-pilot ngoku uyakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo. Oko. Inkqubo ye-avionics yanamhlanje, apho i-F-35 fighter ixhotyiswe ngokukodwa, isusa umthwalo wokuhlalutya kumqhubi wenqwelo-moya, kwaye ekugqibeleni imvumela ukuba ahambe ngokulula. [12]

Undoqo weSoftware yesiseko se-cyber ekwibhodi ye-F-35 yoqhankqalazo olumanyeneyo lokulwaOld style avionics

Ibar esecaleni: Izixhobo zophuhliso ezisetyenziswa ebhodini F-35

Amanye amacandelo [amancinci] esoftware ye-F-35 ekwi-cyberinfrastructure ekwibhodi abhalwe ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa njenge-Ada, CMS-2Y, FORTRAN. Iibhloko zeprogram ezibhalwe kwi-Ada zihlala zibolekwa kwi-F-22 fighter. [12] Nangona kunjalo, ikhowudi ebhalwe kwezi lwimi ze-relic yinxalenye encinci yesoftware ye-F-35. Olona lwimi lwenkqubo lweF-35 yiC/C++. Oovimba beenkcukacha bobudlelwane kunye neenjongo ezijoliswe kwinto nazo ziyasetyenziswa kwibhodi ye-F-35. [14] Iidatabase zisetyenziswa ebhodini ukuphatha ngokufanelekileyo idatha enkulu. Ukwenza lo msebenzi wenziwe ngexesha langempela, i-database isetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye ne-hardware yohlalutyo lwegrafu ye-accelerator. [15]

Ibha esecaleni: Ngasemva kwi-F-35

Zonke izinto ezenza izixhobo zomkhosi zaseMelika zanamhlanje ziyi-1) okanye zenziwe ngokwezifiso, i-2) okanye zenziwe ngokwezifiso kwiimveliso zorhwebo ezikhoyo, 3) okanye zimele isisombululo sorhwebo esinebhokisi. Ngaphezu koko, kuzo zontathu ezi meko, abavelisi, nokuba ngamacandelo ngamanye okanye benkqubo iyonke, banomnombo othandabuzekayo, odla ngokuphuma ngaphandle kwelizwe. Ngenxa yoko, kukho umngcipheko wokuba ngaxa lithile kwikhonkco lokubonelela (elihlala linwenwe kwihlabathi jikelele) i-backdoor okanye i-malware (mhlawumbi kwinqanaba le-software okanye i-hardware) iya kwakhiwa kwi-software okanye i-hardware component. Ukongeza, uMkhosi woMoya wase-US waziwa ngokusebenzisa ngaphezulu kwesigidi esi-1 sezinto zomgunyathi zomgunyathi, nto leyo eyonyusa ukubakho kwekhowudi ekhohlakeleyo kunye nasemva ebhodini. Singasathethi ke ngenyani yokuba umgunyathi udla ngokuba yikopi ephantsi nengazinzanga yeyoqobo, nayo yonke into ethethwayo. [5]

Uyilo lwe-ALIS kernel

Ukushwankathela inkcazo yazo zonke iinkqubo zebhodi, sinokuthi iimfuno eziphambili kubo zehla kwezi zilandelayo: ukudibanisa kunye nokulinganisa; iinkcukacha zoluntu kunye noyilo oluvulekileyo; i-ergonomics kunye nokukhawuleza; uzinzo, ukungafuneki, ukwahluka, ukomelela okwandisiweyo nokomelela; umsebenzi osasaziweyo. Uyilo olungundoqo lwe-ALIS yimpendulo ebanzi kwezi mfuno zibanzi nezinamabhongo ezikhuphisanayo ze-F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.

Nangona kunjalo, olu yilo, njengayo yonke into ehlakaniphile, ilula. Ingqikelelo yoomatshini bombuso abanomda yathathwa njengesiseko sayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwale ngcamango ngaphakathi kwesakhelo se-ALIS kuqondwa kwinto yokuba onke amacandelo e-software ekwibhodi ye-F-35 fighter inesakhiwo esimanyeneyo. Idityaniswe ne-multi-threaded client-server architecture kwi-computing esasazwayo, i-ALIS automata kernel ihlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno eziphikisanayo ezichazwe ngasentla. Icandelo ngalinye lesoftware ye-ALIS libandakanya ujongano ".h-file" kunye noqwalaselo lwe-algorithmic ".cpp-file". Ulwakhiwo lwabo oluqhelekileyo lunikezelwa kwiifayile zomthombo eziqhotyoshelwe kwinqaku (jonga abaphangi abathathu abalandelayo).

automata1.cpp

#include "battle.h"

CBattle::~CBattle()
{
}

BOOL CBattle::Battle()
{
    BATTLE_STATE state;

    switch (m_state)
    {
    case AU_BATTLE_STATE_1:
        if (!State1Handler(...))
            return FALSE;
        m_state = AU_STATE_X;
        break;
    case AU_BATTLE_STATE_2:
        if (!State2Handler(...))
            return FALSE;
        m_state = AU_STATE_X;
        break;
    case AU_BATTLE_STATE_N:
        if (!StateNHandler(...))
            return FALSE;
        m_state = AU_STATE_X;
        break;
    }

    return TRUE;
}

automata1.h

#ifndef AUTOMATA1_H
#define AUTOMATA1_H

typedef enum AUTOMATA1_STATE { AU1_STATE_1, AU1_STATE_2, ... AU1_STATE_N };

class CAutomata1
{
public:
    CAutomata1();
    ~CAutomata1();
    BOOL Automata1();
private:
    BOOL State1Habdler(...);
    BOOL State2Handler(...);
    ...
    BOOL StateNHandler(...);
    AUTOMATA1 m_state;
};

#endif

eyona.cpp

#include "automata1.h"

void main()
{
    CAutomata1 *pAutomata1;
    pAutomata1 = new CAutomata1();

    while (pAutomata->Automata1()) {}

    delete pAutomata1;
}

Isishwankathelo, kwindawo ekhuphisanayo yobuchule, iiyunithi zoMkhosi woMoya ezineziseko ezingundoqo ze-cyber zidibanisa ngokufanelekileyo ukomelela, ukuphindaphinda, ukungafani, kunye nokusebenza okusasazwayo kunandipha ukongamela ukulwa. I-IKK kunye ne-ALIS yophapho lwangoku iyahlangabezana nezi mfuno. Nangona kunjalo, iqondo lokudityaniswa kwabo kwixesha elizayo liya kwandiswa ekusebenzisaneni nezinye iiyunithi zomkhosi, ngelixa ngoku ukuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo koMkhosi woMoya kubandakanya iyunithi yawo kuphela.

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PS. Eli nqaku lapapashwa kuqala kwi "Amacandelo kunye neTekhnoloji".

umthombo: www.habr.com

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