I-screwdriver yatsho ikhwelo ngaphaya kwendlebe yam. Ngokukhala okukhulu, wabanda kumzimba we-cryostat. Ndazithuka ndagqiba kwelokuba mandikhe ndiphumle. Iibholiti ezikhuphayo kwintsimi yamagnetic ye-1.5 tesla, usebenzisa isixhobo sensimbi, ngumbono onjalo. Intsimi, njengotshaba olungabonakaliyo, izama rhoqo ukuhlutha isixhobo ezandleni, iqondise kunye nemigca yayo yamandla kwaye iqondise ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwii-electron ezisebenza kwisangqa esibi ukusuka kwi-superconductor. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukoyisa iikhompawundi ezimuncu zeminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, akukho khetho ingako. Ndahlala phantsi ekhompyutheni ndaza ndaziqhelisa ukukroba iindaba. "Izazinzulu zaseRashiya ziye zaphucula iMRI ngamaxesha e-2!" funda isihloko esikrokrisayo.
Malunga nonyaka odlulileyo, thina kwaye wawuqonda umongo womsebenzi wakhe. Ndincoma kakhulu ukuba ngaphambi kokufunda eli nqaku, hlaziya inkumbulo yaloo nto.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka ezembali, eRashiya namhlanje ukuveliswa kwezixhobo ezinzima ezifana ne-high-field magnetic resonance tomographs. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlala kwisixeko esikhulu okanye esincinci, unokufumana lula iikliniki ezibonelela ngolu hlobo lwenkonzo. Ngelo xesha, iinqanawa ze-MRI scanners zihlala zibonakaliswa ngezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo, emva kokuba zingeniswe e-USA naseYurophu, kwaye ukuba ngequbuliso kufuneka undwendwele iklinikhi ye-MRI, musa ukukhohliswa yimbonakalo entle yesixhobo - inokuba. ibe kwishumi leminyaka layo lesibini. Ngenxa yoko, izixhobo ezinjalo ngamanye amaxesha ziyaphuka, kwaye ixesha elide ndingomnye wabo bantu babuyisela i-tomographs eyaphukileyo enkonzweni, ukuze izigulane ziqhubeke zifumana ukuxilongwa, kwaye abanini banokwenza inzuzo.
Kwada kwaba lolunye lwezona ntsuku zintle, ebudeni bekhefu phakathi kokuzonwabisa okuyingozi okunemagnethi enkulu, ndadibana nombhalo obangelβ umdla kwimithombo yeendaba: βIzazinzulu zaseRashiya kunye noogxa baseDatshi. ngoncedo lwe-metamatadium. Akufuneki ukuthetha, into yokuba iRashiya iqhuba uphando kwizixhobo, imveliso engazange ikwazi ukuyilawula, yabonakala kum kakhulu, iphikisana kakhulu. Ndagqiba ekubeni kwakuyenye nje ukusela izibonelelo, ihlanjululwe ngamagama angaqondakaliyo enzululwazi afana ne "nanotechnologies" esele igula ngumntu wonke. Ukukhangela ulwazi ngomsebenzi wezazinzulu zaseRashiya ngeMRI kunye nemetamatials kwandikhokelela kwinqaku eliqulethe inkcazo yovavanyo olulula endinokuthi ndiluphindaphinde ngokulula, ekubeni umatshini weMRI uhlala usondele.
Umfanekiso ovela uzinikele ekukhuliseni umqondiso we-MRI usebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi "metamaterial". Esikhundleni sesigulane, i-metamaterial ilayishwa kwikliniki eqhelekileyo ye-1.5 - i-Tesla apparatus, ngendlela yesitya samanzi, ngaphakathi apho kukho iingcingo ezihambelanayo zobude obuthile. Kwiingcingo zilala into yokufunda - intlanzi (engaphili). Imifanekiso esekunene yimifanekiso ye-MRI yeentlanzi, enemephu yombala ebekwe ngaphezulu ebonisa ubunzulu bomqondiso ovela kwinuclei ye-hydrogen. Kuyabonakala ukuba xa iintlanzi zilala kwiintambo, umqondiso ungcono kakhulu kunokuba ungabikho. Ixesha lokuskena kuzo zombini iimeko liyafana, nto leyo engqina ukwanda kokusebenza kokuskena. Eli nqaku likwacatshulwe ngenyameko
ifomula
ukubala ubude beengcingo ngokuxhomekeke kwi-frequency yokusebenza kwe-scanner, endiyisebenzisileyo. Ndenze i-metamaterial yam kwiseli kunye noluhlu lweengcingo zobhedu, ezifakelwe iiplasitiki eziprintiweyo ze-3D:
Imetamatiriya yam yokuqala. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokwenziwa, yafakwa kwi-tomograph ye-1-Tesla. Iorenji ibisebenza njengento yokuskena.
Nangona kunjalo, endaweni yokwandisa umqondiso othenjisiweyo, ndifumene iqela lezinto zakudala eziwonakalisa ngokupheleleyo umfanekiso! Ukucaphuka kwam kwakungekho mda! Emva kokugqiba ukutya isihloko, ndabhala ileta kubabhali beli nqaku, intsingiselo yalo inokuncitshiswa kumbuzo othi "Yintoni ...?".
Ababhali baphendule kum ngokukhawuleza. Babechukumiseke kakhulu kukuba umntu othile wayezama ukuphinda enze imifuniselo yabo. Ekuqaleni, bazama ukundicacisela ixesha elide ukuba i-metamatadium isasebenza njani, besebenzisa amagama athi "Fabry-Perot resonances", "eigenmodes", kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zemimandla yerediyo kwivolumu. Bandula ke, ngokucacileyo baqonda ukuba andiyiqondi kwaphela into eyayithetha ngayo, bagqiba kwelokuba bandimeme ukuba ndibatyelele ukuze ndikwazi ukujonga inkqubela yabo ngokoqobo ndize ndiqiniseke ukuba isasebenza. Ndaphosa intsimbi yam endiyithandayo kwi-backpack yam ndaya eSt. Petersburg, kwi-National Research University ye-Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (njengoko kwavela, kungekhona nje abadwelisi beprogram abafundiswa khona).
Ndamkelwa ngezandla ezishushu kanye ngelo xesha, yaye ngequbuliso bandinika umsebenzi, kuba babechukumisekile sisisele sam ngeengcingo yaye babefuna umntu wokudala ezintsha. Ngembuyekezo, bathembisa ukucacisa ngokweenkcukacha yonke into endinomdla kuyo kwaye bathathe ikhosi yeradiophysics kunye neMRI, eyaqala ngethamsanqa kwangaloo nyaka. Ukunxanelwa kwam ulwazi kwaphumelela, kwaye ke, unyaka wonke, ndafunda, ndenza iiprojekthi kwaye ndasebenza, ngokuthe ngcembe ndifunda ngakumbi nangakumbi izinto ezintsha malunga nembali ye-resonance magnetic, kunye nemeko yesayensi yanamhlanje kule ndawo, endiya kuyenza. yabelana apha.
Indlela yokuphucula okucetywayo kweMRI, kwaye iphandwe kumanqaku enzululwazi akhankanywe, isekelwe kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi "metamataries". I-Metamatadium, njengezinye izinto ezininzi ezifunyenweyo, zivela ngenxa yezisombululo ezingalindelekanga ezifunyenwe ngokusekelwe kuphando lwethiyori. Usosayensi waseSoviet, uVictor Veselago, ngo-1967, ngelixa esebenza kwimodeli yethiyori, wacebisa ubukho bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nesalathisi esibi se-refractive. Njengoko sele uqonda, sithetha nge-optics, kunye nexabiso le-coefficient, ngokumalunga ukuthetha, lithetha ukuba ukukhanya kuya kutshintsha kangakanani ulwalathiso xa kudlula umda phakathi kweendaba ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, umoya kunye namanzi. Unokuzibonela ngokulula ukuba oku kunjalo ngokwenene:
Uvavanyo olulula ngesalatha selaser kunye ne-aquarium ebonisa ukuphinda kukhanye.
Inyani enomdla enokuthi ifundwe kuvavanyo olunjalo kukuba umqadi awunakuphikiswa kwicala elinye apho wawela khona kwi-interface, nokuba umlingi uzama kangakanani na. Uvavanyo olunjalo lwenziwa ngazo zonke izinto ezenzeka ngokwendalo, kodwa umqadi wajikwa ngenkani kwicala elinye kuphela. Ngokwezibalo, oku kuthetha ukuba isalathiso se-refractive, kunye namacandelo ayo, i-dielectric kunye ne-magnetic permeability, ilungile, kwaye akukho nto iye yabonwa. Ubuncinci de u-V. Veselago wagqiba ekubeni afunde lo mbandela, kwaye wabonisa ukuba ngokwethiyori akukho sizathu esinye sokuba kutheni i-refractive index ayinakuba mbi.
Umfanekiso ovela kwiWiki ebonisa umahluko phakathi kwemithombo yeendaba enezalathisi ezintle nezimbi. Njengoko sibona, ukukhanya kuziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga ngokupheleleyo, xa kuthelekiswa namava ethu emihla ngemihla.
V. Veselago ixesha elide wazama ukufumana ubungqina bobukho bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nesalathisi esibi se-refractive, kodwa ukukhangela akuzange kuphumelele, kwaye umsebenzi wakhe wawulibele ngokungafanelekanga. Kuphela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane elandelayo zenziwa ngobuchule izakhiwo ezidityanisiweyo eziqonda iipropathi ezichaziweyo, kodwa hayi kwi-optical, kodwa kuluhlu olusezantsi lwe-microwave. Eyona nto yayiyinguqu, ekubeni ubukho bezinto ezinjalo kwavula iimbono ezintsha. Umzekelo, ukudala , ekwaziyo ukwenza izinto ezinkulu nezincinane kunobude bokukhanya. Okanye - i-camouflage-engabonakaliyo iingubo ezingabonakaliyo, amaphupha awo wonke umkhosi. Kwenziwa izilungiso ezinzulu kwithiyori, kuthathelwa ingqalelo idatha entsha. Isitshixo kwimpumelelo yayikukusetyenziswa kwezakhiwo ezicwangcisiweyo zezinto eziguquguqukayo - i-meta-athomu, ubungakanani bayo buncinci kakhulu kunobude be-radiation abasebenzisana nayo. Ulwakhiwo olucwangcisiweyo lwe-meta-atom luyi-composite eyenziweyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-metamaterial.
Ukuphunyezwa okusebenzayo kweemetamatiyali kunzima ngokwetekhnoloji nanamhlanje, kuba ubungakanani bamasuntswana eresonant kufuneka buthelekiswe nangaphantsi kobude bemitha yemitha yombane. Kuluhlu lwe-optical (apho i-wavelength i-nanometers), ezo teknoloji zihamba phambili kwinkqubela phambili. Ke ngoko, akumangalisi ukuba abameli bokuqala bengqikelelo ye-metamatadium badalelwa amaza ombane amade ukusuka kuluhlu lukanomathotholo (olunobude obuqheleke ngakumbi kuthi ukusuka kwi-mm ukuya ku-m). Eyona nto iphambili kwaye kwangaxeshanye ukungonakali kwayo nayiphi na i-metamaterial sisiphumo se-resonant nature of its constituent elements. I-metamaterial inokubonakalisa iimpawu zayo ezimangalisayo kuphela kwiifrikhwensi ezithile.
iifrikhwensi ezilinganiselweyo.Ke ngoko, umzekelo, xa ubona kwakhona into efana ne-jammer enesandi esinamandla esekwe kwi-metamatadium, buza ukuba loluphi uluhlu lwefrikhwensi eyenzeka ngokwenene.
Imizekelo eqhelekileyo yeemetamatariya ezivumela unxibelelwano kunye namaza ombane. Izakhiwo zabaqhubi azikho nto ngaphezu kwe-resonators ezincinci, iisekethe ze-LC, ezenziwe yindawo yendawo yabaqhubi.
Ixesha elincinane lidlulile ukususela ekubeni ingcamango ye-metamatadium ibonakala, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwayo kokuqala, indlela abantu abaqikelela ngayo ukuba bayisebenzise kwi-MRI. Eyona nto ingalunganga ye-metamatadium kukuba uluhlu olumxinwa olusebenzayo aluyongxaki kwi-MRI, apho zonke iinkqubo zenzeka phantse kwi-nuclear magnetic resonance frequency efanayo, elele kuluhlu lwerediyo. Apha unokwenza i-meta-athom ngezandla zakho kwaye ngokukhawuleza ubone oko kwenzekayo kwimifanekiso. Enye yezinto zokuqala ezenziwa ngabaphandi kwi-MRI usebenzisa i-metamatadium yayiyi-superlens kunye ne-endoscopes.
Kwicala lasekhohlo phantsi konobumba a) i-superlens ibonisiwe, equka uluhlu oluthathu lwe-resonators kwiibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo. I-resonator nganye iyindandatho yentsimbi evulekileyo ene-soldered capacitor eyenza i-LC yesekethe elungiselelwe ukuphindaphinda kwe-MRI. Ngezantsi ngumzekelo wokubeka esi sakhiwo kwi-metamaterial phakathi kwemilenze yesigulane esiphantsi kwenkqubo ye-tomography kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ifunyenwe emva komfanekiso. Ukuba ngaphambili awuzange ulijongele phantsi icebiso lokufunda inqaku lam lokugqibela kwi-MRI, ke sele uyazi ukuba ukuze ufumane umfanekiso walo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba wesigulana, kuyafuneka ukuba uqokelele imiqondiso yenyukliya ebuthathaka, ebola ngokukhawuleza usebenzisa isithuba esisondeleleneyo. i-antenna - ikhoyili.
I-metamaterial superlens ivumela indawo enkulu yokugubungela icoil eqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, yiba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wemilenze yomibini yesigulana ngexesha elinye endaweni yomnye. Iindaba ezimbi zezokuba indawo yee-superlen kufuneka ikhethwe ngendlela ethile ukuze kubonakaliswe kakuhle umphumo, kwaye i-superlen ngokwayo ibiza kakhulu ukuyivelisa. Ukuba awukaqondi ukuba kutheni le lens ibizwa ngokuba nesimaphambili se-super- ke uqikelele ubungakanani bayo kwifoto, kwaye uqonde ukuba isebenza ngobude obumalunga neemitha ezintlanu!
Ngaphantsi kweleta b) uyilo lwe-endoscope lubonisiwe. Enyanisweni, i-endoscope ye-MRI luluhlu lweengcingo ezihambelanayo ezisebenza njenge-waveguide. Ikuvumela ukuba uhlukanise ngokwesithuba ummandla apho ikhoyili ifumana umqondiso kwi-nuclei kunye nekhoyili ngokwayo kumgama ondilisekileyo - ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba i-eriyali yokufumana ifumaneke ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwe-cryostat ye-tomograph, kude ukusuka rhoqo. umhlaba wemagnethi. Imifanekiso engezantsi yethebhu b) ibonisa imifanekiso efunyenwe kwisitya esikhethekileyo esizaliswe ngolwelo - i-phantom. Umahluko phakathi kwabo kukuba imifanekiso ebhalwe "i-endoscope" yafunyanwa xa ikhoyili ikumgama ohloniphekileyo ukusuka kwi-phantom, apho ngaphandle kwe-endoscope, izibonakaliso ezivela kwi-nuclei zazingenakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ukuzibona.
Ukuba sithetha ngenye yezona ndawo zithembisayo zesicelo se-metamatadium kwi-MRI, kunye neyona nto isondeleyo ekuphunyezweni kwayo okusebenzayo (apho ndabandakanyeka khona ekugqibeleni), kukudala iikhoyili ezingenazintambo. Kuyafaneleka ukucacisa ukuba oku akukho konke malunga neBluetooth okanye enye iteknoloji yokudlulisa idatha engenazingcingo. "I-Wireless" kule meko ithetha ubukho be-inductive okanye i-capacitive coupling yezakhiwo ezibini ze-resonant - i-antenna ye-transceiver, kunye ne-metamaterial. Ngokombono ibonakala ngolu hlobo:
Ngasekhohlo, inkqubo ye-MRI eqhelekileyo ibonisiwe: isigulane silele ngaphakathi kwe-cryostat kwindawo ye-uniform static magnetic field. I-eriyali enkulu, ebizwa ngokuba yi "birdcage", ixhonywe kwitonela yescanner. I-eriyali yolu lungelelwaniso ikuvumela ukuba ujikelezise i-vector ye-radio frequency magnetic field kunye nobuninzi be-precession ye-hydrogen nuclei (koomatshini bezonyango, oku kuqhelekile ukusuka kwi-40 ukuya kwi-120 MHz, ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu be-static magnetic field ukusuka. I-1T ukuya kwi-3T, ngokulandelanayo), ibangela ukuba bafunxe amandla kwaye bakhanyise ngokuphendula. Umqondiso wokuphendula ovela kwi-nuclei ubuthathaka kakhulu, kwaye ude ufikelele kubaqhubi be-antenna enkulu, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuphelelwa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-MRI isebenzisa iikhoyili zendawo ezisondeleleneyo ukufumana imiqondiso. Umfanekiso osembindini, umzekelo, ubonisa imeko yedolo eqhelekileyo. Ukusebenzisa i-metamatadium, unokwenza i-resonator eya kudityaniswa ngokunyanisekileyo kwindlwana yeentaka. Kwanele ukubeka into enjalo kufutshane nendawo oyifunayo yomzimba wesigulana kwaye isibonakaliso esivela apho asiyi kufunyanwa sibi ngaphezu kwekhoyili yendawo! Ukuba le ngcamango iphunyezwe ngempumelelo, izigulane azisayi kuphinda zidibanise kwiingcingo, kwaye inkqubo yokuxilonga i-MRI iya kuba yinto ekhululekile.
Le yeyona nto kanye bendizama ukuyenza ekuqaleni, ukukhukula iingcingo ngamanzi kwaye ndizama ukuskena iorenji. Iingcingo ezintywiliselwe emanzini ukusuka kumfanekiso wokuqala kweli nqaku aziyonto ngaphandle kwee-athom ze-meta, nganye kuzo iyi-dipole yesiqingatha-amaza - enye yezona zinto zidumileyo zoyilo lwe-eriyali, eyaziwayo kuwo wonke amateur erediyo.
Bantywiliselwa emanzini kungekhona ukuze bangabambi umlilo kwi-MRI (nangona kunjalo)), kodwa ukuze banciphise ubude be-resonant yabo ngokuthe ngqo ingcambu ye-dielectric engaguqukiyo yamanzi ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwamanzi. .
Le chip kudala isetyenziswa koonomathotholo, ukujija ucingo malunga nesiqwenga se-ferrite - esibizwa ngokuba. i-eriyali ye-ferrite. Kuphela i-ferrite inomlinganiselo ophezulu wamagnetic kwaye kungekhona i-dielectric, leyo, nangona kunjalo, isebenza ngendlela efanayo, kwaye ivumela ukuba imilinganiselo ye-resonant ye-antenna iyancipha ngokufanelekileyo. Ngelishwa, i-ferrite ayikwazi ukufakwa kwi-MRI, kuba inomagnetic. Amanzi yenye indlela efikelelekayo nefikelelekayo.
Kucacile ukuba ukuze ubale zonke ezi zinto, kuyimfuneko ukwakha iimodeli zemathematika ezinzima kakhulu ezithathela ingqalelo ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo, imilinganiselo yokusingqongileyo kunye nemithombo ye-radiation ... okanye ungasebenzisa iziqhamo zenkqubela phambili kunye nesofthiwe. kwimodeli ye-electromagnetic yamanani, leyo nkqu nenkwenkwe yesikolo inokuyiqonda ngokulula (imizekelo eqaqambileyo - CST, HFSS). Isofthiwe ikuvumela ukuba wenze imodeli ye-3d ye-resonators, i-antenna, iisekethe zombane, ukongeza abantu apho - ewe, ngokwenene, nantoni na, umbuzo kuphela yifantasy kunye namandla akhoyo ekhompyutheni. Iimodeli ezakhiweyo zihlukaniswe kwiigridi, kwiindawo apho isisombululo seMaxwell equations eyaziwayo senziwe.
Apha, umzekelo, lufaniso lwe-RF magnetic field ngaphakathi kwe-eriyali yecage yeentaka ekhankanywe ngaphambili:
Ngoko nangoko kuyacaca ukuba intsimi ijikeleza njani. Imeko iboniswa ngakwesobunxele xa kukho ibhokisi enamanzi ngaphakathi kwe-antenna, kwaye ngakwesokudla xa ibhokisi elifanayo likwi-resonator eyenziwe ngeengcingo zobude be-resonant. Ingabonwa ukuba i-magnetic field iphuculwe kakhulu ngeengcingo. Emva kokuqonda i-CST kunye nokuphucula uyilo lwam apho, ndaphinda ndenza i-metamaterial, eyenza ngokwenene ukuba ikwazi ukukhulisa umqondiso kwi-tomograph yekliniki ye-1.5T ye-MRI. Yayiseyibhokisi (nangona intle ngakumbi, yenziwe ngeplexiglass), ezaliswe ngamanzi kunye nothotho lweengcingo. Ngeli xesha, isakhiwo siye salungiswa ngokwemiqathango ye-resonant, oko kukuthi ukukhethwa kobude beengcingo, indawo yabo, kunye nobungakanani bamanzi. Nantsi into eyenzekayo kwitumato:
Iskena sokuqala setumata senziwa kwi-eriyali enkulu. Umphumo waba yingxolo kuphela eyayinolwandlalo olucacileyo. Kwityeli lesibini ndabeka umntwana ongekazalwa kwisakhiwo esandula kubhakwa esineresonant. Khange ndakhe iimephu zemibala, okanye into enjalo, kuba isiphumo sibonakala. Ngaloo ndlela, kumava am, nangona ndichitha ixesha elininzi, ndangqina ukuba le ngcamango iyasebenza.
Kucacile ukuba ucinga ntoni - iiorenji, iitumato - akuphelelanga apho, ziphi iimvavanyo ebantwini?
Babenjalo ngokwenene :
Isandla sevolontiya elifumana iMRI silele kwibhokisi enye. Amanzi ngokwawo ebhokisini, ekubeni iqulethe i-hydrogen, nayo ibonakala ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukwandiswa komqondiso kwenzeka kwindawo yesandla, elele kwi-resonator, ngelixa onke amanye amalungu omzimba engabonakali kakuhle. Kucacile ukuba umphumo ofanayo, kwaye mhlawumbi ungcono, unokufumaneka ngokusebenzisa iikhoyili eziqhelekileyo zeklinikhi. Kodwa into yokuba unokwenza izinto ezinjalo, ngokudibanisa nje amanzi kunye neengcingo, ukudibanisa ngendlela efanelekileyo, iyamangalisa. Okumangalisa nangakumbi kukuba ulwazi malunga noku lunokufunyanwa ngohlolisiso lweziganeko ezibonakala zingahambelani, ezinjengokuhlanjululwa kokukhanya.
Kwabo bangekadinwaOkwangoku, ukuyila kwebhokisi yamanzi sele kuphuculwe. Ngoku yibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo emcaba ekuvumela ukuba wenze indawo yemagnethi ye-eriyali enkulu yangaphandle ekufutshane nawe. Ngaphezu koko, indawo yayo yokusebenza inkulu kunaleyo yoyilo lwangaphambili:
Iiribhoni ezinemibala zibonisa ukomelela kwemagnethi phezu kwesakhiwo xa imincili iphuma kumthombo wangaphandle wamaza ombane. Isakhiwo esisicaba ngumgca wothumelo oqhelekileyo owaziwayo kubunjineli berediyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye unokuthathwa njenge meteomaterial yeMRI. Le "coil engenacingo" ingaba sele ikhuphisane kunye neekhoyili eziqhelekileyo ngokuhambelana nokufana kwentsimi eyenziwe ngobunzulu obuthile kwinto eskeniweyo:
Upopayi ubonisa umaleko ngokwemaleko yombala wemephu yomqondiso ngaphakathi kwebhokisi yamanzi yeMRI. Umbala ubonisa ubunzulu bemiqondiso evela kwimiongo yehydrogen. Kwikona ephezulu ngasekhohlo, icandelo lekhoyili eqhelekileyo yokuskena ngasemva isetyenziswa njengomamkeli. Ikona esezantsi ekhohlo kuxa ibhokisi ikwi-resonator ngendlela yebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo. Ezantsi ekunene - umqondiso ufunyanwa yi-eriyali enkulu eyakhelwe kwitonela ye-tomograph. Ndathelekisa ukufana komqondiso kwindawo ejikelezwe luxande. Kwindawo ephakamileyo, i-metamaterial yenza ngcono kunekhoyili ngokuhambelana nomqondiso. Ngeenjongo zeklinikhi, oku kungenakuba yimpumelelo ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa xa kuziwa kwizibonelelo ze-MRI zesayensi, apho iigundane ziskenwa khona, oku kunokunceda ukufezekisa inzuzo yesignali kunye nokunciphisa amandla afunekayo e-excitatory radio pulses.
Malunga "nokuphuculwa ngamaxesha ama-2" ekuqaleni kwenqaku - ngokuqinisekileyo, esi sesinye isiqhamo sothando olungenakunqweneleka lweentatheli kwizazinzulu, nangona kunjalo, kuphosakele ukuthetha ukuba ezi zifundo ezingenanto, eziqiniswa ngumdla esi sihloko kumaqela ezenzululwazi kwihlabathi jikelele. Okumangalisayo kukuba, umsebenzi uyenziwa apha eRashiya, nangona ngokusekelwe kumava am buqu, oku kunqabile. Kusekho iingxaki ezininzi ezingasonjululwanga ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-metamatadium kwi-MRI. Ukongeza kwi-localization ye-magnetic fields ukufumana umfanekiso omhle, musa ukulibala malunga neendawo zombane ezikhokelela ekufudumeni kwee-tissue, kunye nokufunxa izicubu zezigulane ezihlola amandla e-radio frequency field. Kwezi zinto, ekusebenziseni iklinikhi, kufuneka kubekho ulawulo olukhethekileyo, olunzima kakhulu xa usebenzisa i-resonators ye-field-localizing resonators. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-metamatadium ye-MRI ihlala ngaphakathi kwesakhelo sophando lwezenzululwazi, kodwa iziphumo ezifunyenweyo sele zinomdla kakhulu kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba kwixesha elizayo inkqubo ye-MRI iya kutshintsha ngokubonga ngcono kubo, ibe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhuselekile.
umthombo: www.habr.com