Ukuyila iNethiwekhi yoMbane yeNqwelomoya usebenzisa uYilo oluSekwe kwiModeli

Olu papasho lubonelela ngoshicilelo lwewebhu "Uphuhliso lwenethiwekhi yombane yenqwelomoya kusetyenziswa uyilo olusekwe kwimodeli". I-webinar yaqhutywa nguMikhail Peselnik, injineli CITM Exhibitor.)

Namhlanje siza kufunda ukuba singakwazi ukulungelelanisa imodeli ukuze sifezekise ibhalansi efanelekileyo phakathi kokuthembeka kunye nokuchaneka kweziphumo zokulinganisa kunye nesantya senkqubo yokulinganisa. Esi sisitshixo sokusebenzisa ukulinganisa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba inqanaba leenkcukacha kwimodeli yakho lifanelekile kumsebenzi oceba ukuwenza.

Siza kufunda kwakhona:

• Ungakhawulezisa njani ukulinganisa usebenzisa i-algorithms yokuphucula kunye nekhompyuter efanayo;
• Ukusasaza njani ukulinganisa kuzo zonke iicores ezininzi zekhompyuter, ukukhawulezisa imisebenzi efana noqikelelo lweparameter kunye nokukhetha iparameter;
• Indlela yokukhawulezisa uphuhliso ngokwenza ukulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlalutya usebenzisa iMATLAB;
• Indlela yokusebenzisa izikripthi zeMATLAB kuhlalutyo lwe-harmonic kwaye ubhale iziphumo zalo naluphi na uhlobo lovavanyo usebenzisa ukuveliswa kwengxelo ngokuzenzekelayo.

Siza kuqala ngokujonga imodeli yenethiwekhi yombane yenqwelomoya. Siza kuxubusha ukuba zeziphi iinjongo zethu zokulinganisa kwaye sijonge inkqubo yophuhliso esetyenzisiweyo ukwenza imodeli.

Emva koko siya kuhamba ngezigaba zale nkqubo, kubandakanywa noyilo lokuqala - apho sicacisa iimfuno. Uyilo oluneenkcukacha - apho siza kujonga amacandelo ngamnye womnatha wombane, kwaye ekugqibeleni siza kusebenzisa iziphumo zokulinganisa zoyilo olucacileyo ukulungelelanisa iiparitha zemodeli engabonakaliyo. Okokugqibela, siza kujonga indlela onokubhala ngayo iziphumo zawo onke la manyathelo kwiingxelo.

Nalu umelo olucwangcisiweyo lwenkqubo esiyiphuhlisayo. Lo ngumzekelo wenqwelomoya wesiqingatha oquka ijenereyitha, ibhasi ye-AC, imithwalo eyahlukeneyo ye-AC, iyunithi ye-transformer-rectifier, ibhasi ye-DC enemithwalo eyahlukeneyo, kunye nebhetri.

Ukutshintsha kusetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amacandelo kwinethiwekhi yombane. Njengoko iinxalenye zivula kwaye zivaliwe ngexesha lokuhamba, iimeko zombane zinokutshintsha. Sifuna ukuhlalutya esi siqingatha segridi yombane yenqwelomoya phantsi kwezi meko ziguqukayo.

Imodeli epheleleyo yenkqubo yombane yenqwelomoya kufuneka ibandakanye amanye amacandelo. Asizange sibafake kule modeli yesiqingatha senqwelomoya kuba sifuna kuphela ukuhlalutya intsebenziswano phakathi kwala macandelo. Le yinto eqhelekileyo kwinqwelomoya kunye nokwakhiwa kweenqanawa.

Iinjongo zokulinganisa:

• Qinisekisa iimfuno zombane kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye neentambo zombane ezidibanisayo.
• Hlalutya unxibelelwano lwenkqubo phakathi kwamacandelo avela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli, kubandakanywa nombane, oomatshini, ihydraulic, kunye nefuthe lobushushu.
• Kwaye kwinqanaba elineenkcukacha ngakumbi, yenza uhlalutyo lwe-harmonic.
• Hlalutya umgangatho wonikezelo lwamandla phantsi kweemeko eziguqukayo kwaye ujonge i-voltages kunye nemisinga kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi.

Le seti yeenjongo zokulinganisa isetyenziswa ngcono ngokusebenzisa iimodeli zamanqanaba ahlukeneyo eenkcukacha. Siza kubona ukuba njengoko sihamba kwinkqubo yophuhliso, siya kuba nemodeli engabonakaliyo kunye neneenkcukacha.

Xa sijonga iziphumo zokulinganisa ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zemodeli, sibona ukuba iziphumo zemodeli yenqanaba lenkqubo kunye nemodeli eneenkcukacha ziyafana.

Ukuba siqwalasela ngokusondeleyo kwiziphumo zokulinganisa, siyabona ukuba nangona i-dynamics ebangelwa ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo zamandla kwinguqu ecacileyo yomzekelo wethu, iziphumo zokulinganisa ngokubanzi ziyafana.

Oku kusivumela ukuba senze ukuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba lenkqubo, kunye nohlalutyo olunzulu lwenkqubo yombane kwinqanaba legranular. Ngale ndlela sinokufikelela kwiinjongo zethu ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngoku makhe sithethe ngemodeli esisebenza nayo. Senze iinketho ezininzi kwicandelo ngalinye kwinethiwekhi yombane. Siza kukhetha ukuba yeyiphi icandelo eliza kusetyenziswa ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki esiyisombululayo.

Xa siphonononga iinketho zokuvelisa amandla egridi, sinokuthi endaweni yejenereyitha edityanisiweyo ye-drive ngohlobo lwe-cycloconvector yohlobo oluguquguqukayo lwejenereyitha okanye i-DC edityanisiweyo yejenereyitha. Singasebenzisa izinto ezingabonakaliyo okanye ezineenkcukacha zomthwalo kwisekethe ye-AC.

Ngokufanayo, kwinethiwekhi ye-DC, sinokusebenzisa i-abstract, inkcazo ecacileyo okanye i-multidisciplinary option ethathela ingqalelo impembelelo yezinye iinkalo zomzimba ezifana ne-mechanics, i-hydraulics kunye nefuthe lokushisa.

Iinkcukacha ezingakumbi malunga nemodeli.

Apha ubona ijenereyitha, uthungelwano losasazo, kunye namacandelo kuthungelwano. Imodeli okwangoku isetelwe ukulinganisa kunye neemodeli zecandelo elingabonakaliyo. I-actuator imodelwa ngokulula ngokuchaza amandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo asetyenziswa lilungu.

Ukuba siqwalasela le modeli ukuba isebenzise ulwahlulo lwamacandelo aneenkcukacha, i-actuator sele imodareyithwe njengomatshini wombane. Sinemagnethi esisigxina ye-synchronous motor, converters kunye ne-DC bus kunye nenkqubo yokulawula. Ukuba sijonga iyunithi ye-transformer-rectifier, sibona ukuba imodeli isebenzisa ii-transformers kunye neebhuloho zendalo yonke ezisetyenziswa kumandla ombane.

Singakwazi kwakhona ukukhetha indlela yokukhetha inkqubo (kwi-TRU DC Loads -> Block Choices -> Multidomain) ethatha ingqalelo kwimiphumo ehambelana nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo (kwiFuel Pump). Kwimpompo yamafutha, sibona ukuba sinepompo ye-hydraulic, imithwalo ye-hydraulic. Kwi-heater, sibona ukuqwalaselwa kweempembelelo zokushisa ezichaphazela ukuziphatha kwelo candelo njengoko ubushushu buguquka. I-generator yethu ibonakaliswe ngokusebenzisa umatshini wokuvumelanisa kwaye sinenkqubo yokulawula ukuseta indawo yombane kulo matshini.

Imijikelo yenqwelo moya ikhethwa kusetyenziswa iMATLAB eguquguqukayo ebizwa ngeFlight_Cycle_Num. Kwaye apha sibona idatha esuka kwindawo yokusebenza yeMATLAB elawula xa iikhomponenti ezithile zenethiwekhi yombane zivula kwaye zivaliwe. Eli cebo (Plot_FC) libonisa kumjikelo wenqwelomoya wokuqala xa iinxalenye zivuliwe okanye zicinyiwe.

Ukuba sitshintshela imodeli kuguqulelo oluLungisiweyo, sinokusebenzisa esi script (Test_APN_Model_SHORT) ukuqhuba imodeli kwaye siyivavanye kwimijikelo emithathu eyahlukeneyo yenqwelomoya. Umjikelo wokuqala wokubhabha uyaqhubeka kwaye sivavanya inkqubo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Emva koko simisela imodeli ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba iqhube umjikelo wenqwelomoya wesibini kunye neyesithathu. Ekugqityweni kwezi mvavanyo, sinengxelo ebonisa iziphumo zolu vavanyo zintathu xa kuthelekiswa novavanyo lwangaphambili. Kwingxelo ungabona i-screenshots yemodeli, izikrini zeegrafu ezibonisa isantya, i-voltage kunye namandla avelisiweyo kwimveliso ye-generator, iigrafu zokuthelekisa kunye neemvavanyo zangaphambili, kunye neziphumo zohlalutyo lomgangatho womnatha wombane.

Ukufumana ukurhweba phakathi kokuthembeka kwemodeli kunye nesantya sokulinganisa kubalulekile ekusebenziseni ukulinganisa ngokufanelekileyo. Njengoko usongeza iinkcukacha ezingakumbi kwimodeli yakho, ixesha elifunekayo lokubala kunye nokulinganisa imodeli liyakhula. Kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa imodeli yengxaki ethile oyisombululayo.

Xa sinomdla kwiinkcukacha ezinjengomgangatho wamandla, songeza iziphumo ezifana nokutshintsha kombane wombane kunye nemithwalo eyinyani. Nangona kunjalo, xa sinomdla kwimiba efana nokuveliswa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo kwigridi yombane, siya kusebenzisa indlela yokulinganisa enzima, imithwalo engabonakaliyo kunye neemodeli zombane ophakathi.

Ukusebenzisa iimveliso zeMathworks, unokukhetha inqanaba elifanelekileyo leenkcukacha kwingxaki ekhoyo.

Ukuyila ngokufanelekileyo, sifuna zombini iimodeli ezingabonakaliyo kunye ezineenkcukacha zamacandelo. Nantsi indlela olu khetho lungena ngayo kwinkqubo yethu yophuhliso:

• Okokuqala, sicacisa iimfuno sisebenzisa i-abstract version yemodeli.
• Emva koko sisebenzise iimfuno ezisulungekileyo ukuyila icandelo ngokweenkcukacha.
• Sinokudibanisa inguqu engabonakaliyo kunye ecacileyo yecandelo kwimodeli yethu, ukuvumela ukuqinisekiswa kunye nokudibanisa kwecandelo kunye neenkqubo zoomatshini kunye neenkqubo zokulawula.
• Okokugqibela, sinokusebenzisa iziphumo zokulinganisa zemodeli eneenkcukacha ukulungelelanisa iiparamitha zemodeli engabonakaliyo. Oku kuya kusinika imodeli eqhuba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ivelise iziphumo ezichanekileyo.

Uyabona ukuba ezi zimbini iinketho-inkqubo kunye nemodeli eneenkcukacha-ziyancedisana. Umsebenzi esiwenzayo ngemodeli engabonakaliyo yokucacisa iimfuno unciphisa inani lokuphindaphinda okufunekayo kuyilo oluneenkcukacha. Oku kukhawulezisa inkqubo yethu yophuhliso. Iziphumo zokulinganisa zemodeli eneenkcukacha zisinika imodeli engabonakaliyo eqhuba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ivelise iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Oku kusivumela ukuba sifezekise umdlalo phakathi kwenqanaba leenkcukacha zemodeli kunye nomsebenzi owenziwe ngukulinganisa.

Iinkampani ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele zisebenzisa iMOS ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezinzima. I-Airbus iphuhlisa inkqubo yokulawula amafutha kwi-A380 esekelwe kwi-MOP. Le nkqubo iqulethe iipompo ezingaphezu kwama-20 kunye neevalve ezingaphezu kwama-40. Unokucinga ngenani leemeko ezahlukeneyo zokungaphumeleli ezinokuthi zenzeke. Besebenzisa ukulinganisa, banokuqhuba iimvavanyo ezingaphaya kwekhulu lamawaka qho ngeempelaveki. Oku kubanika ukuzithemba ukuba, kungakhathaliseki imeko yokusilela, inkqubo yabo yokulawula inokusingatha.

Ngoku sibonile ushwankathelo lwemodeli yethu, kunye neenjongo zethu zokulinganisa, siza kuhamba kwinkqubo yoyilo. Siza kuqala ngokusebenzisa imodeli abstract ukucacisa iimfuno inkqubo. Ezi mfuno zisulungekisiweyo ziya kusetyenziswa kuyilo oluneenkcukacha.

Siza kubona indlela yokudibanisa amaxwebhu afunekayo kwinkqubo yophuhliso. Sinoxwebhu lweemfuno ezinkulu oluchaza zonke iimfuno zenkqubo yethu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuthelekisa iimfuno kunye neprojekthi ngokubanzi kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iprojekthi ihlangabezana nezi mfuno.

Ukusebenzisa i-SLVNV, unokudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo amaxwebhu afunekayo kunye nomzekelo kwiSimulink. Unokwenza amakhonkco ngokuthe ngqo kwimodeli ngokuthe ngqo kwiimfuno. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye ethile yemodeli ihambelana nemfuno ethile kwaye ngokuphambene. Olu nxibelelwano lucala-mbini. Ke ukuba sijonga imfuneko, sinokutsibela ngokukhawuleza kwimodeli ukubona ukuba loo mfuno ihlangatyezwa njani.

Ngoku ukuba sidibanise uxwebhu olufunekayo kwi-workflow, siya kucokisa iimfuno zenethiwekhi yombane. Ngokukodwa, siza kujonga kwiimfuno zokusebenza, incopho, kunye noyilo lomthwalo weejenereyitha kunye neentambo zothumelo. Siza kubavavanya kuluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zegridi. Ezo. ngexesha lemijikelo yenqwelomoya eyahlukeneyo, xa imithwalo eyahlukeneyo ivuliwe kwaye icinyiwe. Kuba sigxile kumandla kuphela, siya kukutyeshela ukutshintsha amandla ombane. Ke ngoko, siza kusebenzisa iimodeli ezingabonakaliyo kunye neendlela ezilula zokulinganisa. Oku kuthetha ukuba siza kulungisa imodeli ukuze singahoyi iinkcukacha esingazidingiyo. Oku kuya kwenza ukulinganisa kuqhutywe ngokukhawuleza kwaye kusivumele ukuba sivavanye iimeko ngexesha lemijikelezo yendiza ende.

Sinomthombo otshintshileyo wangoku odlula kwikhonkco lokuchasana, i-capacitances kunye ne-inductances. Kukho iswitshi kwisekethe evula emva kwexesha elithile ize ivale kwakhona. Ukuba uqhuba ukulinganisa, unokubona iziphumo kunye ne-solver eqhubekayo. (V1) Uyabona ukuba i-oscillations ehambelana nokuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kokutshintsha kuboniswe ngokuchanekileyo.

Ngoku makhe sitshintshele kwimodi ecacileyo. Cofa kabini kwibhloko ye-PowerGui kwaye ukhethe isisombululi esicacileyo kwi-Solver thebhu. Uyabona ukuba isisombululi esicacileyo sikhethiwe ngoku. Masiqale ukulinganisa. Uya kubona ukuba iziphumo ngoku ziphantse zifane, kodwa ukuchaneka kuxhomekeke kwireyithi yesampulu ekhethiweyo.

Ngoku ndiyakwazi ukukhetha imowudi yokulinganisa entsonkothileyo, seta i-frequency - ekubeni isisombululo sifumaneka kuphela kwi-frequency ethile - kwaye uqhube ukulinganisa kwakhona. Uya kubona ukuba kuphela i-amplitudes yesignali eboniswayo. Ngokunqakraza kule block, ndinokuqhuba iscript seMATLAB esiya kuqhuba imodeli ngokulandelelana kuzo zontathu iindlela zokulinganisa kwaye ndicwangcise iiploti ezineziphumo ngaphezulu kwenye. Ukuba sijonga ngokusondeleyo kwi-current kunye ne-voltage, siya kubona ukuba iziphumo ezicacileyo zisondele kwizinto eziqhubekayo, kodwa zihambelana ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ujonga okwangoku, unokubona ukuba kukho incopho engazange iphawulwe kwimowudi ecacileyo yokulinganisa. Kwaye siyabona ukuba imo enzima ikuvumela ukuba ubone kuphela i-amplitude. Ukuba ujonga inyathelo lokusombulula, unokubona ukuba isicombululi esintsonkothileyo sifuna amanyathelo angama-56 kuphela, ngelixa abanye abasombululi bafuna amanyathelo amaninzi okugqiba ukulinganisa. Oku kuvumele indlela yokulinganisa entsonkothileyo ukuba isebenze ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iindlela.

Ukongeza ekukhetheni indlela efanelekileyo yokulinganisa, sifuna iimodeli ezinezinga elifanelekileyo leenkcukacha. Ukucacisa iimfuno zamandla zamacandelo kwinethiwekhi yombane, siya kusebenzisa iimodeli ezingabonakaliyo zokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Ibhloko ye-Dynamic Load ivumela ukuba sichaze amandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo ukuba icandelo lidla okanye livelise kwinethiwekhi.

Siza kuchaza imodeli yokuqala ye-abstract yamandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo ngokusekwe kwiseti yokuqala yeemfuno. Siza kusebenzisa ibhloko yomthombo oLungileyo njengomthombo. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ubeke i-voltage kwinethiwekhi, kwaye ungasebenzisa oku ukumisela iiparamitha zejeneretha, kwaye uqonde ukuba kufuneka uvelise amandla angakanani.

Okulandelayo, uya kubona indlela yokusebenzisa ukulinganisa ukucokisa iimfuno zamandla kwijenereyitha kunye neentambo zothumelo.

Sineseti yokuqala yeemfuno ezibandakanya ukukala amandla kunye nemeko yamandla kumacandelo akwinethiwekhi. Sikwanalo noluhlu lweemeko apho le nethiwekhi inokusebenza khona. Sifuna ukucokisa ezi mfuno zokuqala ngokuvavanya phantsi koluhlu olubanzi lweemeko. Siza kukwenza oku ngokulungelelanisa imodeli ukusebenzisa imithwalo engabonakaliyo kunye nemithombo kunye nokuvavanya iimfuno phantsi koluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zokusebenza.

Siza kumisa imodeli ukusebenzisa imodeli engabonakaliyo yomthwalo kunye nejeneretha, kwaye sibone umbane owenziwe kwaye udliwe phezu koluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zokusebenza.

Ngoku siza kuqhubekela phambili uyilo oluneenkcukacha. Siza kusebenzisa iimfuno ezisulungekileyo ukucacisa uyilo, kwaye siya kudibanisa la macandelo aneenkcukacha kunye nemodeli yenkqubo ukukhangela iingxaki zokudibanisa.

Namhlanje, kukho iinketho ezininzi zokuvelisa umbane kwinqwelomoya. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-generator iqhutywa lunxibelelwano kunye ne-injini yegesi. I-injini yomoya ijikeleza ngokuguquguquka rhoqo. Ukuba inethwekhi kufuneka ibe nefrikhwensi emiselweyo, ngoko ke uguqulo olusuka kwisantya seshaft ye-turbine eguquguqukayo ukuya kwi-frequency eqhubekayo kwinethiwekhi iyafuneka. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa isantya esidityanisiweyo esingaguqukiyo sokuqhuba ukuya phezulu komsinga wejenereyitha, okanye ngokusebenzisa umbane wamandla ombane ukuguqula i-AC frequency frequency AC ibe yi-AC rhoqo. Kukwakho neenkqubo ezinefrequency edadayo, apho i-frequency kwinethiwekhi inokutshintsha kwaye uguqulo lwamandla lwenzeka kwimithwalo kwinethiwekhi.

Nganye kwezi zikhetho zifuna i-generator kunye namandla e-elektroniki ukuguqula amandla.

Sine-injini yegesi ejikeleza ngesantya esiguqukayo. Le turbine isetyenziselwa ukujikelezisa ishafti yejenereyitha, evelisa umsinga otshintshanayo wamaza aguqukayo. Iinketho ezahlukeneyo zombane we-elektroniki zingasetyenziswa ukuguqula le frequency eguquguqukayo ukuya kumaza amiselweyo. Singathanda ukuvavanya olu khetho lwahlukeneyo. Oku kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa iSPS.

Singenza imodeli nganye yezi nkqubo kwaye siqhube ukulinganisa phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo ukuvavanya ukuba yeyiphi inketho efanelekileyo kwinkqubo yethu. Masitshintshele kwimodeli kwaye sibone ukuba kwenziwa njani oku.

Nantsi imodeli esisebenza nayo. Isantya esiguquguqukayo esisuka kwi-shaft ye-injini yegesi sithunyelwa kwijenereyitha. Kwaye i-cycloconverter isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-alternating current of frequency fixed. Ukuba uqhuba ukulinganisa, uya kubona indlela imodeli eziphatha ngayo. Igrafu ephezulu ibonisa isantya esiguquguqukayo se-injini yegesi. Uyabona ukuba i-frequency iyatshintsha. Lo mqondiso otyheli kwigrafu yesibini ngumbane osuka kwesinye sezigaba kwimveliso yejenereyitha. Lo msinga otshintshileyo oguqukayo wenziwa kwisantya esiguquguqukayo kusetyenziswa amandla ombane.

Makhe sijonge indlela imithwalo ye-AC echazwe ngayo. Olwethu luqhagamshelwe kwisibane, impompo yehydraulic kunye ne-actuator. La macandelo enziwe imodeli esebenzisa iibhloko ezivela kwi-SPS.

Nganye kwezi bloko kwi-SPS ibandakanya useto loqwalaselo ukuvumela ukuba ulungiselele uqwalaselo lwamacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nokulungelelanisa inqanaba leenkcukacha kwimodeli yakho.

Siqwalasele iimodeli ukuba ziqhube uguqulelo oluneenkcukacha lwecandelo ngalinye. Ke sinamandla amaninzi okulinganisa imithwalo ye-AC kwaye ngokulinganisa amacandelo aneenkcukacha kwimowudi ecacileyo sinokubona iinkcukacha ezininzi malunga nokuba kuqhubeka ntoni kuthungelwano lwethu lombane.

Omnye wemisebenzi esiya kuyenza ngenguqu ecacileyo yomzekelo kuhlalutyo lomgangatho wamandla ombane.

Xa umthwalo ungeniswa kwisistim, unokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-waveform kumthombo wombane. Le yi-sinusoid efanelekileyo, kwaye isibonakaliso esinjalo siya kuba kwimveliso ye-generator ukuba imithwalo ihlala njalo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko inani lamacandelo anokuthi avulwe kwaye acinywe enyuka, le fom yamaza inokugqwetheka kwaye ibangele ukudlula okuncinci.

Ezi spikes kwi-waveform kumthombo wombane zinokubangela iingxaki. Oku kunokukhokelela ekushiseni okugqithisileyo kwejenereyitha ngenxa yokutshintsha amandla ombane, oku kunokudala imisinga emikhulu engathathi hlangothi, kwaye kubangele ukutshintsha okungeyomfuneko kumbane wamandla ngenxa yokuba. abalindelanga oku kugqabhuka kumqondiso.

I-Harmonic Distortion inikeza umlinganiselo womgangatho wamandla ombane we-AC. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa lo mlinganiso phantsi kweemeko zokutshintsha kwenethiwekhi kuba umgangatho uya kuhluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi icandelo elivuliwe kwaye livaliwe. Lo mlinganiselo kulula ukulinganisa usebenzisa izixhobo ze-MathWorks kwaye unokuzenzekela kuvavanyo phantsi koluhlu olubanzi lweemeko.

Funda ngakumbi malunga neTHD ku Wikipedia.

Okulandelayo siza kubona indlela yokwenza uhlalutyo lomgangatho wamandla usebenzisa ukulinganisa.

Sinemodeli yothungelwano lombane lwenqwelomoya. Ngenxa yemithwalo eyahlukeneyo kwinethiwekhi, i-voltage waveform kwimveliso yejeneretha igqwethiwe. Oku kukhokelela ekuweni komgangatho wokutya. Le mithwalo iyaqhawulwa kwaye iziswe kwi-intanethi ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ngexesha lomjikelo wenqwelomoya.

Sifuna ukuvavanya umgangatho wamandla wale nethiwekhi phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Kule nto siza kusebenzisa i-SPS kunye neMATLAB ukubala ngokuzenzekelayo iTHD. Singakwazi ukubala umlinganiselo ngokudibeneyo usebenzisa i-GUI okanye sisebenzise iscript seMATLAB sokuzenzekelayo.

Masibuyele kumzekelo ukuze sikubonise oku ngomzekelo. Imodeli yethu yothungelwano lombane yenqwelo-moya ibandakanya ijenereyitha, ibhasi ye-AC, imithwalo ye-AC, kunye ne-transformer-rectifier kunye nemithwalo ye-DC. Sifuna ukulinganisa umgangatho wamandla kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwinethiwekhi phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukuqala, ndiza kukubonisa indlela yokwenza oku ngokusebenzisana nje kwijenereyitha. Emva koko ndiza kukubonisa indlela yokwenza le nkqubo usebenzisa iMATLAB. Siza kuqala siqhube ukulinganisa ukuqokelela idatha efunekayo ukubala iTHD.

Le grafu (Gen1_Vab) ibonisa amandla ombane phakathi kwezigaba zejeneretha. Njengoko ubona, eli ayililo iliza elinesine eligqibeleleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umgangatho wamandla wothungelwano uphenjelelwa ngamacandelo akuthungelwano. Xa ukulinganisa kugqityiwe, siya kusebenzisa iFast Fourier Transform ukubala iTHD. Siza kuvula ibhloko ye-powergui kwaye sivule isixhobo sokuhlalutya i-FFT. Uyabona ukuba isixhobo silayishwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngedatha endiyibhale ngexesha lokulinganisa. Siza kukhetha ifestile ye-FFT, sichaze amaxesha amaninzi kunye noluhlu, kwaye sibonise iziphumo. Uyabona ukuba i-harmonic distortion factor yi-2.8%. Apha unokubona igalelo lee-harmonics ezahlukeneyo. Ubonile ukuba ungabala njani i-harmonic distortion coefficient ngokusebenzisana. Kodwa singathanda ukuzenzekelayo le nkqubo ukwenzela ukubala i-coefficient phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye namanqaku ahlukeneyo kwinethiwekhi.

Ngoku siza kujonga iinketho ezikhoyo zokulinganisa imithwalo yeDC.

Sinokwenza imodeli yemithwalo yombane ecocekileyo kunye nemithwalo yemisebenzi emininzi equlethe izinto ezivela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli, ezifana nemiphumo yombane kunye ne-thermal, umbane, oomatshini kunye ne-hydraulic.

Isekethe yethu ye-DC ibandakanya i-transformer-rectifier, izibane, isifudumezi, impompo yamafutha kunye nebhetri. Iimodeli ezicacileyo zinokuthatha ingqalelo kwimiphumo evela kwezinye iindawo, umzekelo, imodeli yokufudumala ithatha ingqalelo utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha inxalenye yombane njengoko ubushushu buguquka. Impompo yamafutha ithatha ingqalelo kwiziphumo ezivela kwezinye iindawo ukuze zibone impembelelo yazo kwindlela yokuziphatha yecandelo. Ndiza kubuyela kwimodeli ukuze ndikubonise ukuba ikhangeleka njani.

Le yimodeli esisebenza ngayo. Njengoko ubona, ngoku i-transformer-rectifier kunye nenethiwekhi ye-DC icwengile yombane, i.e. kuphela iziphumo ezivela kwindawo yombane zithathelwa ingqalelo. Baye balula imifuziselo yombane yamacandelo kule nethiwekhi. Sinokukhetha ukwahluka kwale nkqubo (i-TRU DC Loads -> Multidomain) ethathela ingqalelo iziphumo ezivela kwezinye iindawo zobunjineli. Uyabona ukuba kuthungelwano sinamacandelo afanayo, kodwa endaweni yenani leemodeli zombane, songeza ezinye iziphumo - umzekelo, kwi-hiter, inethiwekhi yeqondo lokushisa lomzimba elithathela ingqalelo impembelelo yobushushu ekuziphatheni. Kwimpompo ngoku siqwalasela imiphumo ye-hydraulic yeepompo kunye neminye imithwalo kwinkqubo.

Amacandelo owabonayo kwimodeli ahlanganiswe kwiibhloko zethala leencwadi le-Simscape. Kukho iibhloko zokubala umbane, ihydraulic, magnetic kunye nezinye iinkalo. Ukusebenzisa ezi bloko, unokwenza imodeli esiyibiza ngokuba yi-multidisciplinary, i.e. kuthathelwa ingqalelo iziphumo ezivela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kunye nobunjineli.

Iziphumo ezivela kwezinye iindawo zinokudibaniswa kwimodeli yenethiwekhi yombane.

Ithala leencwadi le-Simscape block libandakanya iibhloko zokulinganisa iziphumo ezivela kwezinye iindawo, ezifana ne-hydraulics okanye ubushushu. Ngokusebenzisa la macandelo, unokudala imithwalo yothungelwano eyinyani kwaye emva koko uchaze ngokuchanekileyo iimeko apho la macandelo anokusebenza khona.

Ngokudibanisa le miba, unokwenza amacandelo anzima ngakumbi, kunye nokudala izithethe ezintsha okanye iindawo usebenzisa ulwimi lweSimscape.

Amacandelo angaphezulu kunye noseto lweparameterization luyafumaneka kwizandiso ezikhethekileyo zeSimscape. Amacandelo anzima kakhulu kunye neenkcukacha akhoyo kula mathala eencwadi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iziphumo ezifana nokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nefuthe lobushushu. Unokwenza imodeli ye-XNUMXD kunye neenkqubo zabantu abaninzi usebenzisa i-SimMechanics.

Ngoku sele sigqibile uyilo oluneenkcukacha, siya kusebenzisa iziphumo zokulinganisa okuneenkcukacha ukulungisa iiparamitha zemodeli engabonakaliyo. Oku kuya kusinika imodeli ebaleka ngokukhawuleza ngelixa ivelisa iziphumo ezihambelana neziphumo zokulinganisa okuneenkcukacha.

Siqale inkqubo yophuhliso ngeemodeli zecandelo elingabonakaliyo. Ngoku sineemodeli ezineenkcukacha, singathanda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi modeli zingabonakaliyo zivelisa iziphumo ezifanayo.

Uhlaza lubonisa iimfuno zokuqala esizifumeneyo. Singathanda ukuba iziphumo ezivela kwimodeli engabonakaliyo, eboniswe apha eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuba isondele kwiziphumo ezivela kumzekelo wokulinganisa ocacileyo, oboniswe ngobomvu.

Ukwenza oku, siya kuchaza amandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo kwimodeli engabonakaliyo usebenzisa isignali yokufaka. Endaweni yokusebenzisa amaxabiso ahlukeneyo kumandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo, siya kudala imodeli yeparameter kwaye sihlengahlengise ezi parameters ukuze ii-curves zamandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo avela kwimodeli engabonakaliyo yokulinganisa ifanise imodeli eneenkcukacha.

Okulandelayo, siza kubona indlela imodeli abstract ingatshintshwa ngayo ukuze ihambelane neziphumo zemodeli eneenkcukacha.

Lo ngumsebenzi wethu. Sinemodeli engabonakaliyo yecandelo kwinethiwekhi yombane. Xa sisebenzisa uphawu lolawulo olunjalo kuyo, isiphumo sisiphumo esilandelayo samandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo.

Xa sisebenzisa umqondiso ofanayo kwigalelo lemodeli eneenkcukacha, sifumana iziphumo ezifana nezi.

Sidinga iziphumo zokulinganisa zemodeli engabonakaliyo kunye eneenkcukacha ukuba zihambelane ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzisa imodeli engabonakaliyo ngokukhawuleza ukuphindaphinda kwimodeli yenkqubo. Ukwenza oku, siya kuhlengahlengisa ngokuzenzekelayo iiparamitha zemodeli engabonakaliyo de iziphumo zihambelane.

Ukwenza oku, siya kusebenzisa i-SDO, enokuthi itshintshe ngokuzenzekelayo iiparamitha de iziphumo zemodeli engabonakaliyo kunye eneenkcukacha zihambelana.

Ukuqwalasela ezi zicwangciso siza kulandela la manyathelo alandelayo.

• Okokuqala, singenisa iziphumo zokulinganisa zemodeli eneenkcukacha kwaye sikhethe ezi datha kuqikelelo lweparameter.
• Emva koko siya kucacisa ukuba zeziphi iiparameters ezifuna ukucwangciswa kwaye zisete uluhlu lweparameter.
• Okulandelayo, siya kuvavanya iiparameters, kunye ne-SDO yokulungelelanisa iiparamitha de iziphumo zihambelane.
• Ekugqibeleni, sinokusebenzisa enye idatha yegalelo ukuqinisekisa iziphumo zoqikelelo lweparameter.

Unokukhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza inkqubo yophuhliso ngokusasaza ukulinganisa usebenzisa i-parallel computing.

Ungaqhuba ukulinganisa okwahlukileyo kwiicores ezahlukeneyo zeprosesa ye-multi-core okanye kwi-computing clusters. Ukuba unomsebenzi ofuna ukuba uqhube ukulinganisa okuninzi-umzekelo, uhlalutyo lwe-Monte Carlo, ukulinganisa ipharamitha, okanye ukuqhuba imijikelezo yendiza emininzi-ungahambisa ezi zifaniso ngokuziqhuba kumatshini wendawo emininzi okanye iqoqo lekhompyutha.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku akusayi kuba nzima kunokutshintsha i-loop kwisikripthi ngokuhambelana neluphu, parfor. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisantya esibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni ukulinganisa.

Sinemodeli yothungelwano lombane lwenqwelomoya. Singathanda ukuvavanya le nethiwekhi phantsi koluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zokusebenza - kubandakanya imijikelo yenqwelomoya, ukuphazamiseka kunye nemozulu. Siza kusebenzisa i-PCT ukukhawulezisa olu mvavanyo, iMATLAB ukushuna imodeli yovavanyo ngalunye esifuna ukuluqhuba. Emva koko siya kusasaza ukulinganisa kwiicores ezahlukeneyo zekhompyuter yam. Siza kubona ukuba iimvavanyo ezinxuseneyo zigqiba ngokukhawuleza kunezo zilandelelanayo.

Nanga amanyathelo ekuya kufuneka siwalandele.

• Okokuqala, siya kudala iqela leenkqubo zabasebenzi, okanye ababizwa ngokuba ngabasebenzi beMATLAB, sisebenzisa umyalelo weparpool.
• Okulandelayo, siya kuvelisa iiseti zeparamitha kuvavanyo ngalunye esifuna ukulwenza.
• Siza kuqhuba ukulinganisa kuqala ngokulandelelana, enye emva kwenye.
• Kwaye ke uthelekise oku nokuqhuba ukulinganisa ngokunxuseneyo.

Ngokweziphumo, ixesha lokuvavanya lilonke kwimodi ehambelanayo malunga namaxesha angama-4 ngaphantsi kwemodi yokulandelelana. Sibonile kwiigrafu ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokuqhelekileyo kwinqanaba elilindelekileyo. Iincopho ezibonakalayo zihambelana neemeko ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi xa abathengi becinywa kwaye bacinywa.

Ukulinganisa kubandakanya iimvavanyo ezininzi esikwazile ukuziqhuba ngokukhawuleza ngokusasaza ukulinganisa kwii-cores ezahlukeneyo zekhompyutha. Oku kusivumele ukuba sivavanye uluhlu olubanzi ngokwenene lweemeko zokubhabha.

Ngoku sele siyigqibile le nxalenye yenkqubo yophuhliso, siza kubona ukuba singenza njani ngokuzenzekela ukwenziwa kwamaxwebhu kwinyathelo ngalinye, singaziqhuba njani iimvavanyo ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye sibhale iziphumo.

Uyilo lwenkqubo luhlala luyinkqubo ephindaphindwayo. Senza utshintsho kwiprojekthi, sivavanye utshintsho, sivavanye iziphumo, emva koko senze utshintsho olutsha. Inkqubo yokubhala iziphumo kunye nengqiqo yotshintsho ithatha ixesha elide. Unokwenza le nkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo usebenzisa i-SLRG.

Ukusebenzisa i-SLRG, unokwenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphunyezwa kovavanyo kwaye emva koko uqokelele iziphumo zolo mvavanyo ngendlela yengxelo. Ingxelo ingabandakanya ukuvavanywa kweziphumo zovavanyo, imifanekiso-skrini yeemodeli kunye neegrafu, i-C kunye nekhowudi ye-MATLAB.

Ndiza kuqukumbela ngokukhumbula iingongoma eziphambili zale ntetho.

• Siye sabona amathuba amaninzi okulungisa imodeli ukuze sifumane ibhalansi phakathi kokuthembeka kwemodeli kunye nesantya sokulinganisa-kubandakanya iindlela zokulinganisa kunye namanqanaba okulinganisa imodeli.
• Sibonile ukuba sinokukhawulezisa njani ukulinganisa usebenzisa i-algorithms yokuphucula kunye nekhompyuter ehambelanayo.
• Ekugqibeleni, sabona indlela esinokuyikhawulezisa ngayo inkqubo yophuhliso ngokwenza ukulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlalutya kwi-MATLAB.

Umbhali wemathiriyeli -Mikhail Peselnik, injineli CITM Exhibitor.

Ikhonkco kule webinar https://exponenta.ru/events/razrabotka-ehlektroseti-samoleta-s-ispolzovaniem-mop

umthombo: www.habr.com