Ubuchwephesha bokuphucula ukusebenza ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni ii-SSD kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokugcina sele zenziwe kudala. Okokuqala, kukusetyenziswa kwe-SSD njengendawo yokugcina, eyi-100% esebenzayo, kodwa iyabiza. Ke ngoko, kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji edinayo kunye ne-caching, apho ii-SSD zisetyenziselwa kuphela eyona datha idumileyo ("eshushu"). I-Tiering ilungile kwiimeko zexesha elide (iintsuku-iiveki) zokusetyenziswa kwedatha "eshushu". I-Caching, ngokuchaseneyo, yeyokusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane (imizuzu-iiyure). Zombini ezi zikhetho ziphunyezwa kwinkqubo yokugcina . Kweli nqaku siza kujonga ukuphunyezwa kwe-algorithm yesibini - .
Undoqo weteknoloji ye-SSD ye-caching kukusetyenziswa kwe-SSD njenge-cache ephakathi phakathi kwee-hard drives kunye ne-RAM yomlawuli. Ukusebenza kwe-SSD, ngokuqinisekileyo, kuphantsi kunokusebenza kwe-cache yomlawuli, kodwa umthamo ngumyalelo wobukhulu obuphezulu. Ke ngoko, sifumana ulungelelwaniso oluthile phakathi kwesantya kunye nomthamo.
Iimpawu zokusebenzisa i-cache ye-SSD ekufundeni:
- Ubukhulu bemisebenzi yokufunda ngaphezulu kwemisebenzi yokubhala (ekholisa ukuqheleka kugcino-lwazi kunye nezicelo zewebhu);
- Ubukho be-bottleneck ngendlela yokusebenza kwe-hard drive array;
- Ubungakanani bedatha efunekayo bungaphantsi kobukhulu be-SSD cache.
Izibonakaliso zokusebenzisa i-cache yokufunda + bhala i-SSD iyafana, ngaphandle kohlobo lwemisebenzi - uhlobo oluxubileyo (umzekelo, umncedisi wefayile).
Uninzi lwabathengisi bokugcina basebenzisa i-cache ye-SSD yokufunda kuphela kwiimveliso zabo. Umahluko osisiseko Babonelela ngesakhono sokusebenzisa i-cache yokubhala ngokunjalo. Ukuvula ukusebenza kwe-SSD ye-caching kwiinkqubo zokugcina ze-QSAN, kufuneka uthenge ilayisenisi eyahlukileyo (enikezelwe ngekhompyutha).
I-cache ye-SSD kwi-XCubeSAN iphunyezwa ngokwenyama ngendlela yamachibi e-SSD ahlukeneyo. Zinokuba zine kuzo kwinkqubo. Idama ngalinye, ngokuqinisekileyo, lisebenzisa isethi yalo yee-SSD. Kwaye sele sele kwiipropati zediski ebonakalayo sinquma ukuba iya kusebenzisa i-cache pool kunye nokuba yeyiphi. Ukuvumela kunye nokukhubaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-cache kwimithamo kunokwenziwa kwi-intanethi ngaphandle kokumisa i-I/O. Unokutshisa kwakhona ukongeza ii-SSD echibini kwaye uzisuse apho. Xa usenza i-cache ye-SSD ye-pool, kufuneka ukhethe ukuba yeyiphi indlela eya kusebenza kuyo: funda-kuphela okanye funda + bhala. Umbutho wayo womzimba uxhomekeke kule nto. Kuba kunokubakho amachibi e-cache amaninzi, ukusebenza kwawo kunokwahluka (oko kukuthi, inkqubo inokuba nazo zombini ukufunda kwaye ufunde + bhala amachibi e-cache ngaxeshanye).
Ukuba i-pool ye-cache yokufunda kuphela isetyenzisiweyo, ingaba ne-1-8 SSDs. Iidiski akufuneki zibe nomthamo ofanayo kunye nomthengisi ofanayo, njengoko zidityanisiwe kwisakhiwo se-NRAID +. Zonke ii-SSD echibini zabelwana ngazo. Inkqubo ngokuzimeleyo izama ukufanisa izicelo ezingenayo phakathi kwazo zonke ii-SSD ukuphumeza ukusebenza okuphezulu. Ukuba enye ye-SSD iyahluleka, akukho nto imbi iya kwenzeka: emva koko, i-cache iqulethe kuphela ikopi yedatha egcinwe kuluhlu lwee-hard drives. Kuphela nje isixa se-SSD cache esikhoyo siya kuncipha (okanye sibe ngu-zero ukuba usebenzisa i-cache ye-SSD yoqobo kwi-drive enye).
Ukuba i-cache isetyenziselwa ukufunda + imisebenzi yokubhala, ngoko ke inani le-SSD echibini kufuneka libe liphindwe kabini, ekubeni iziqulatho zibonakaliswe kwizibini zokuqhuba (isakhiwo se-NRAID 1+ sisetyenziswa). Ukuphindaphinda i-cache kuyimfuneko kuba inokuba nedatha engekabhalwa kwii-hard drives. Kwaye kule meko, ukungaphumeleli kwe-SSD kwi-cache pool kuya kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kolwazi. Kwimeko ye-NRAID 1+, ukungaphumeleli kwe-SSD kuya kukhokelela ekubeni i-cache idluliselwe kwisimo sokufunda kuphela, kunye nedatha engabhalwanga ilahlwa kwi-hard drive array. Emva kokutshintsha i-SSD ephosakeleyo, i-cache iya kubuyela kwimodi yayo yokuqala yokusebenza. Ngendlela, ukuze ukhuseleke ngakumbi, unokwabela ii-spares ezishushu ezinikezelweyo kwi-cache yokufunda + ukubhala.
Xa usebenzisa i-SSD ye-caching function kwi-XCubeSAN, kukho inani leemfuno zenani lememori yabalawuli bokugcina: imemori yenkqubo eninzi, inkulu i-cache pool iya kufumaneka.
Ngokungafaniyo nabaninzi abavelisi benkqubo yokugcina, abanikezela kuphela inketho yokuvula / ukucima i-cache ye-SSD, i-QSAN inikezela ngeendlela ezininzi. Ngokukodwa, unokukhetha imowudi yokusebenza ye-cache kuxhomekeke kubume bomthwalo. Kukho iitemplates ezintathu ezisetyenzisiweyo ezikufutshane ekusebenzeni kwazo kwiinkonzo ezihambelanayo: i-database, inkqubo yefayile, inkonzo yewebhu. Ukongeza, umlawuli unokudala iprofayile yakhe ngokuseta amaxabiso eparameter afunekayo:
- Ubungakanani bebhloko (Ubungakanani beBhloko yeCache) - 1/2/4 MB
- Inani lezicelo zokufunda ibhloko ukuze ikopishwe kwi-cache (Populate-on-Read Threshold) - 1..4
- Inani lezicelo zokubhala ibhloko ukuze ikopishwe kwi-cache (Populate-on-Write Threshold) - 0..4
Iiprofayili zingatshintshwa kwi-fly, kodwa, ngokuqinisekileyo, kunye nemixholo yokusetha kabusha i-cache kunye "nokufudumala" kwayo entsha.
Ukuqwalasela umgaqo wokusebenza kwe-SSD cache, sinokugxininisa imisebenzi ephambili xa usebenza nayo:
Ukufunda idatha xa ingekho kwi-cache
- Isicelo esivela kumamkeli sifika kumlawuli;
- Ekubeni abo baceliweyo bengekho kwi-cache ye-SSD, bafundwa kwii-hard drives;
- Idatha efundiweyo ithunyelwa kumamkeli. Ngelo xesha, itshekhi yenziwe ukujonga ukuba ezi bloko "zishushu";
- Ukuba ewe, ke zikhutshelwa kwi-cache ye-SSD ukuze zisetyenziswe ngakumbi.
Funda idatha xa ikhona kwi-cache
- Isicelo esivela kumamkeli sifika kumlawuli;
- Ekubeni idatha eceliweyo ikwi-cache ye-SSD, ifundwa ukusuka apho;
- Idatha efundiweyo ithunyelwa kumamkeli.
Ukubhala idatha xa usebenzisa i-cache yokufunda
- Isicelo esibhaliweyo esivela kumamkeli sifika kumlawuli;
- Idatha ibhalwe kwii-hard drives;
- Impendulo ebonisa ukurekhodwa ngempumelelo ibuyiselwa kumamkeli;
- Kwangaxeshanye, kujongwe ukuba ibhloko βishushuβ (iparamitha ye-Populate-on-Write Threshold iyathelekiswa). Ukuba ewe, ngoko ikhutshelwa kwi-cache ye-SSD ukuze isetyenziswe kamva.
Ukubhala idatha xa usebenzisa i-cache yokufunda +bhala
- Isicelo esibhaliweyo esivela kumamkeli sifika kumlawuli;
- Idatha ibhaliwe kwi-cache ye-SSD;
- Impendulo ebonisa ukurekhodwa ngempumelelo ibuyiselwa kumamkeli;
- Idatha esuka kwi-cache ye-SSD ibhalwe kwii-hard drives ngasemva;
Khangela isenzo
ibhentshi yovavanyo
Iiseva ze-2 (CPU: 2 x Xeon E5-2620v3 2.4Hz / RAM: 32GB) zixhunywe ngamachweba amabini ngeFiber Channel 16G ngqo kwi-XCubeSAN XS5224D inkqubo yokugcina (16GB RAM / isilawuli).
Sasebenzisa i-16 x Seagate Constellation ES, ST500NM0001, 500GB, SAS 6Gb / s, idibaniswe kwi-RAID5 (15 + 1), kuluhlu lwedatha kunye ne-8 x HGST Ultrastar SSD800MH.B, HUSMH8010BSS200, 100Gb SAS / cache
Kwadalwa imiqulu emi-2: enye kumncedisi ngamnye.
Uvavanyo 1. Funda-kuphela i-SSD cache ukusuka kwi-1-8 SSDs
I-SSD Cache
- Uhlobo lwe-I/O: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso
- Cache Block Ubungakanani: 4MB
- Inani labantu ngokufunda iThreshold: 1
- Inani labantu ekubhaleni Umda: 0
I/O Ipateni
- Isixhobo: IOmeter V1.1.0
- Abasebenzi: 1
- Okubalaseleyo (Ubunzulu bomgca): 128
- Iinkcukacha zokufikelela: 4KB, 100% Funda, 100% Random
Ngokwethiyori, okukhona ii-SSD ezininzi kwi-cache pool, iphezulu ukusebenza. Enyanisweni, oku kuqinisekisiwe. Ukunyuka okubalulekileyo kuphela kwinani le-SSD kunye nenani elincinci lemiqulu alikhokeli kwisiphumo sokuqhuma.
Uvavanyo lwe-2. I-SSD cache kwimodi yokufunda + yokubhala kunye ne-2-8 SSDs
I-SSD Cache
- Uhlobo lwe-I/O: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso
- Cache Block Ubungakanani: 4MB
- Inani labantu ngokufunda iThreshold: 1
- Inani labantu ekubhaleni Umda: 1
I/O Ipateni
- Isixhobo: IOmeter V1.1.0
- Abasebenzi: 1
- Okubalaseleyo (Ubunzulu bomgca): 128
- Iinkcukacha zokufikelela: 4KB, 100% Bhala, 100% Random
Isiphumo esifanayo: ukukhula kokusebenza okuqhumayo kunye nokulinganisa njengoko inani le-SSD linyuka.
Kuzo zombini iimvavanyo, inani ledatha yokusebenza lalingaphantsi kobungakanani be-cache epheleleyo. Ke ngoko, ekuhambeni kwexesha, zonke iibhloko zakhutshelwa kwi-cache. Kwaye umsebenzi, enyanisweni, wawusele uqhutywa kunye nee-SSD, ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ii-hard drives. Injongo yolu vavanyo yayikukubonisa ngokucacileyo ukusebenza kokufudumala i-cache kunye nokulinganisa ukusebenza kwayo ngokuxhomekeke kwinani le-SSD.
Ngoku makhe sibuyele emhlabeni kwaye sijonge imeko eyinyani ngakumbi, xa inani ledatha likhulu kunobungakanani be-cache. Ukuze uvavanyo ludlule ngexesha elifanelekileyo (ixesha le-cache "lokufudumala" linyuka kakhulu njengoko ubungakanani bevolumu bukhula), siya kunciphisa ubungakanani bevolumu kwi-120GB.
Uvavanyo 3. Ukulinganisa kwiDatabase
I-SSD Cache
- Uhlobo lwe-I/O: Isiseko sedatha
- Cache Block Ubungakanani: 1MB
- Inani labantu ngokufunda iThreshold: 2
- Inani labantu ekubhaleni Umda: 1
I/O Ipateni
- Isixhobo: IOmeter V1.1.0
- Abasebenzi: 1
- Okubalaseleyo (Ubunzulu bomgca): 128
- Iinkcukacha zokufikelela: 8KB, 67% Funda, 100% Random
Isiqinisekiso
Isiphetho esicacileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kukusebenza kakuhle kokusebenzisa i-cache ye-SSD ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo nayiphi na inkqubo yokugcina. Kusetyenziswa kwi Le nkcazo isebenza ngokupheleleyo: umsebenzi we-caching we-SSD uphunyezwe ngokugqibeleleyo. Oku kuchaphazela inkxaso yokufunda nokufunda + ukubhala iindlela, izicwangciso eziguquguqukayo kuyo nayiphi na imeko yokusetyenziswa, kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo yonke. Ngoko ke, ngexabiso elifanelekileyo kakhulu (ixabiso lelayisensi lithelekiseka neendleko ze-1-2 SSDs), unokwandisa kakhulu ukusebenza ngokubanzi.
umthombo: www.habr.com