, undoqo opheleleyo oqhubeka nekhosi ebhekiselele kwi-automation kunye nokulungiswa komsebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo kwelifu.
Masikhumbule ukuba ngoMeyi ka-2019 sazisa i-Red Hat OpenShift 4, isizukulwana esilandelayo seqonga lethu le-Kubernetes, esalihlengahlengisayo ukwenza lula ulawulo lwezicelo zeekhonteyina kwiindawo zemveliso.
Isisombululo sidalwe njengeqonga elizilawulayo elinohlaziyo oluzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo lomjikelo wobomi kwilifu elixubileyo kwaye lakhiwe kwi-Red Hat Enterprise Linux kunye neRed Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS. Kuhlelo 4.2, ugqaliselo lwalusekwenzeni iqonga lisebenziseke ngakumbi kuphuhlisi. Ukongeza, senze lula umsebenzi wokulawula iqonga kunye nezicelo zabalawuli bamaqela ngokunikezela ngezixhobo zokufuduka ukusuka kwi-OpenShift 3 ukuya kwi-4, kunye nokuphumeza inkxaso yokucwangciswa kwe-intanethi.
Siphi isantya?
Inguqulo ye-4.2 yenza lula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye ne-Kubernetes, inikezela ngemowudi entsha ye-OpenShift yokulawula i-console elungiselelwe imisebenzi yomphuhlisi, kunye nezixhobo ezitsha kunye neeplagi ze-plugins zokwakha izitya, ukuququzelela imibhobho ye-CI / CD kunye nokuphumeza iinkqubo ezingenamsebenzi. Konke oku kunceda abadwelisi benkqubo ukuba bagxininise ngokuchanekileyo kumsebenzi wabo oyintloko - ukudala ikhowudi yesicelo, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa zizinto ezikhethekileyo zeKubernetes.
Jonga itopology yesicelo kwikhonsoli yomphuhlisi.
Imowudi yomphuhlisi omtsha we-OpenShift console
Izixhobo ezitsha zomphuhlisi kwi-OpenShift 4.2:
- I-Web Console inceda abaphuhlisi bagxile kweyona nto ibalulekileyo ngokubonisa kuphela ulwazi kunye noqwalaselo abaludingayo. I-UI eyandisiweyo yokujonga i-topology kunye nokudityaniswa kwesicelo kwenza kube lula ukuyila, ukuhambisa, kunye nokubona usetyenziso oluqulathiweyo kunye nezixhobo zeqela.
- Izixhobo -ujongano lomgca womyalelo okhethekileyo kubaphuhlisi elenza lula uphuhliso lwezicelo kwiqonga le-OpenShift. Ngokuququzelela unxibelelwano olunje nge-Git push, le CLI inceda abaphuhlisi ngokungenamgudu ukwenza izicelo kwiqonga le-OpenShift, ngaphandle kokuphonononga ubucukubhede beKubernetes.
- ye-Microsoft Visual Studio Code, i-JetBrains IDE (kuquka i-IntelliJ) kunye ne-Eclipse Desktop IDE ibonelela ngokudityaniswa lula kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwaye ikuvumela ukuba uphuhlise, wakhe, ulungise kwaye ubeke izicelo ze-OpenShift kwindawo ye-IDE eqhelekileyo kubaphuhlisi.
- I-Red Hat i-OpenShift yoKwandiswa kweSaziso se-Microsoft Azure DevOps. Ibonelela abasebenzisi beli khithi yezixhobo zeDevOps ngokukwazi ukuhambisa izicelo zabo kwi-Azure Red Hat OpenShift okanye nawaphi na amanye amaqela e-OpenShift kwiqonga leMicrosoft Azure DevOps.
Iplagi ye-Visual Studio
I-OpenShift epheleleyo kwilaptop
, esele ilungele ukwenziwa i-OpenShift cluster elungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa kwindawo yokusebenza okanye ilaptop, yenza kube lula ukuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwelifu kwindawo.
I-Service Mesh
Isisombululo sethu , eyakhiwe ngesiseko seeprojekthi zesoftware evulekileyo i-Istio, i-Kiali ne-Jaeger kunye nekhethekileyo , yenza lula ukuphuhliswa, ukuthunyelwa kunye nokugcinwa kwezicelo kwiqonga le-OpenShift ngokubonelela ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nokuthatha i-automation yezicelo zefu ezisekelwe kwizakhiwo zanamhlanje ezifana ne-microservices. Isisombululo sivumela abadwelisi benkqubo ukuba bakhululeke kwimfuno yokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo kunye nokugcina iinkonzo zenethiwekhi ezikhethekileyo ezifunekayo kwizicelo kunye nengqondo yoshishino eyenziwayo.
, , yenzelwe umphuhlisi ngokoqobo "ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni" kwaye inikezela ngeempawu ezinjengomkhondo, iimethrikhi, ukubonwa kunye nokubeka iliso kunxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi, kunye nokufakwa kunye nokucwangciswa kwe-mesh yenkonzo ngokuchofoza okukodwa. Ukongeza, isisombululo sibonelela ngeenzuzo ngokubhekiselele kulawulo lokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko, ezifana ne-encryption of traffic phakathi kwamaseva ngaphakathi kweziko ledatha kunye nokudibanisa nesango le-API. .
Ukubonwa okuphezulu kwetrafikhi yeqela usebenzisa i-Kiali ngaphakathi kwe-OpenShift Service Mesh
Ikhompuyutha engenaseva
Esinye isisombululo sethu , ikunceda ukuba usebenzise kwaye uqhube usetyenziso olunyuka lula kwaye luhle kwimfuno, yonke indlela ukuya kwiqanda. Eyakhelwe phezu kweprojekthi ye-Knative kwaye ifumaneka kwi-Technology Preview, esi sisombululo sinokusebenza kuyo nayiphi na i-OpenShift 4 cluster isebenzisa umqhubi we-Kubernetes ehambelanayo, okwenza kube lula ukuqalisa nokufaka amacandelo afunekayo ukuhambisa izicelo ezingenasiphelo okanye imisebenzi kwi-OpenShift. Indlela yokuphuhlisa i-console ye-OpenShift, evele kwi-version 4.2, ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise iinketho ezingenasiphelo kwiinkqubo zophuhliso ezisemgangathweni, ezifana nokungenisa kwi-Git okanye kwi-Deployan Image, ngamanye amagama, unokwenza izicelo ezingenamncedisi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-console.
Ukumisela ukusasazwa okungenamncedisi kwi-OpenShift console
Ukongeza kokudityaniswa ne-console yonjiniyela, inguqulelo entsha ye-OpenShift inolunye uphuculo ngokwemigaqo ye-serverless. Ngokukodwa, oku kn - ujongano lomgca womyalelo we-Knative, obonelela ngokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye ne-intuitive, ikuvumela ukuba wenze iqela lezinto eziyimfuneko kwizicelo; thatha izifinyezo zekhowudi kunye nolungelelwaniso, kwaye ikwabonelela ngokukwazi ukwenza imaphu yokuphela kwenethiwekhi kwiinguqulelo ezithile okanye iinkonzo. Zonke ezi mpawu, ezifumaneka kwi-Technology Preview ngokusebenzisa i-OpenShift Serverless operator, banceda abaphuhlisi ukuba bakhululeke kwi-architecture engenamncedisi kwaye babe nokuguquguquka kokuhambisa izicelo zabo kwifu elixutywe ngaphandle kokuvalelwa kwiziseko ezithile.
Cloud CI/CD imibhobho
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kunye nokuhanjiswa (CI / CD) zizinto eziphambili zophuhliso namhlanje ezonyusa isantya kunye nokuthembeka kokuthunyelwa kwesoftware. Izixhobo ezilungileyo zeCI / CD zivumela amaqela ophuhliso ukuba alungelelanise kwaye azenzele iinkqubo zempendulo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwe-agile eyimpumelelo. Kwi-OpenShift, ungasebenzisa iJenkins yakudala okanye isisombululo sethu esitsha njengesixhobo sezixhobo .
IJenkins namhlanje ngumgangatho we-de facto, kodwa sinxulumanisa ikamva lesikhongozeli CI/CD kunye neprojekthi yesoftware yeTekton evulelekileyo. Ke ngoko, iiMibhobho ze-OpenShift zakhiwe ngokuthe ngqo kwisiseko sale projekthi kwaye zixhasa ngcono iindlela ezinjalo zezisombululo zamafu njengombhobho-njengekhowudi ("umbhobho njengekhowudi") kunye neGitOps. KwiMibhobho ye-OpenShift, inyathelo ngalinye liqhuba kwisitya salo, ngoko ke izixhobo zisetyenziswa kuphela ngelixa eso sinyathelo sisebenza, sivumela abaphuhlisi ukuba balawule ngokupheleleyo imibhobho yabo yokuhambisa, iiplagi, kunye nolawulo lokufikelela ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kumncedisi ophakathi weCI / CD.
I-OpenShift Pipelines isekuMboniso wangaphambili woPhuhlisi kwaye iyafumaneka njengomqhubi ohambelanayo onokusetyenziswa kuyo nayiphi na i-OpenShift 4. I-Jenkins inokusetyenziswa kuzo zombini iinguqulelo ze-OpenShift 3 kunye ne-4.
Imibhobho ye-OpenShift ye-Red Hat
Ukulawula izikhongozeli kwilifu elingumxube
Ufakelo oluzenzekelayo kunye nohlaziyo lwe-OpenShift luzisa ilifu elixubeneyo ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwilifu le-canonical ngokwemiqathango yamava omsebenzisi. I-OpenShift 4.2 yayifumaneka ngaphambili kwiiplatifomu ezinkulu zamafu oluntu, amafu abucala, iiplatifomu ze-virtualization kunye neeseva zentsimbi engenanto, kodwa inguqulo ye-XNUMX yongeza iiplatifomu ezimbini zamafu oluntu kolu luhlu - I-Microsoft Azure kunye ne-Google Cloud Platform, kunye ne-OpenStack amafu angasese.
I-installer ye-OpenShift 4.2 iphuculwe kwiindawo ekujoliswe kuzo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ikwaqeqeshelwe ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo (engaqhagamshelwanga kwi-Intanethi) okokuqala ngqa. Ufakelo lwe-Sandboxed kunye nemowudi egunyazisiweyo ye-proxy ekwaziyo ukunika eyakho inyanda ye-CA inceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yolawulo kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi. Imowudi yofakelo ezimeleyo ikuvumela ukuba uhlale unenguqulelo yamva nje ye-OpenShift Container Platform kwiindawo apho kungekho fikelelo kwi-Intanethi okanye kwiindawo ezinemigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yovavanyo lwemifanekiso.
Ukongeza, ngokuthumela istaki esipheleleyo se-OpenShift usebenzisa iRed Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS, inguqulelo ekhaphukhaphu yeRed Hat Enterprise Linux, unokuba nelifu elilungele ngaphantsi kweyure ukusuka kufakelo.
I-OpenShift ye-Red Hat ikuvumela ukuba udibanise iinkqubo zokwenza, ukuthumela kunye nokulawula usetyenziso lwesikhongozeli kwilifu nakwizakhiwo ezingaphakathi. Ngokufakela okulula, okuzenzekelayo kunye nokukhawuleza, i-OpenShift 4.2 ngoku iyafumaneka kwi-AWS, i-Azure, i-OpenStack kunye ne-GCP, ivumela imibutho ukuba ilawule ngokufanelekileyo iiplatifomu zabo ze-Kubernetes kwilifu elixubileyo.
Ukufuduka ngokulula ukusuka kwi-OpenShift 3 ukuya kwi-OpenShift 4
Izixhobo ezitsha zokufuduka komthwalo womsebenzi zenza kube lula ukufudukela kwi-OpenShift 4.2 kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili zeqonga. Ukutshintshela imithwalo ukusuka kwiqela elidala ukuya kwelitsha ngoku kukhawuleza kakhulu, kulula kwaye kunobuncinci bemisebenzi yezandla. Umlawuli weqela ufuna nje ukukhetha umthombo we-OpenShift 3.x yeqela, phawula iprojekthi efunwayo (okanye indawo yegama) kuyo kwaye emva koko uchaze ukuba wenze ntoni ngemithamo ehambelanayo eqhubekayo - zikope kwithagethi ye-OpenShift 4.x yeqela okanye uzifudusele. . Ii-aplikeshini ke ziyaqhubeka ukusebenza kwiqela lokuqala de umlawuli aziphelise.
I-OpenShift 4.2 ixhasa iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokufuduka:
- Idatha ikopishwa kusetyenziswa indawo yokugcina ephakathi esekelwe kwiprojekthi yeVelero. Olu khetho lukuvumela ukuba ufuduke ngotshintsho lwenkqubo yokugcina xa, umzekelo, iqoqo lokuqala lisebenzisa i-Gluster, kwaye entsha isebenzisa i-Ceph.
- Idatha ihlala kwindawo yokugcina yangoku, kodwa ixhunyiwe kwiqela elitsha (ukutshintsha umthamo oqhubekayo).
- Ukukopa iinkqubo zefayile usebenzisa iRestic.
Ekunene kubusuku bokuqala
Rhoqo abasebenzisi bethu bangathanda ukukwazi ukuzama iinguqulelo ezicwangcisiweyo ze-OpenShift kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba kukhululwe ukukhutshwa okutsha. . Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi zakhiwo azenzelwanga ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso, azixhaswanga, azibhalwanga kakuhle, kwaye zinokusebenza okungaphelelanga. Umgangatho wolu lwakhiwo uyenyuka njengoko besondela kwinguqulelo yokugqibela.
Ukwakhiwa kwasebusuku kuvumela abathengi kunye namaqabane ukuba bajonge izinto ezintsha kwangethuba kuphuhliso, olunokuba luncedo kucwangciso lokusasazwa okanye ukudityaniswa kwe-OpenShift kunye nezisombululo zabaphuhlisi be-ISV.
Qaphela kuMalungu oLuntu lwe-OKD
Umsebenzi uqalile kwi-OKD 4.0, umthombo ovulekileyo wokusasazwa kwe-Kubernetes owenziwe luluntu lophuhliso kwaye uphantsi kwe-Red Hat OpenShift. Simema wonke umntu ukuba anike uhlolo lwemeko yangoku , Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) kunye Kubernetes ngaphakathi kweQela eliSebenzayo le-OKD okanye ulandele inkqubela phambili kwiwebhusayithi .
Qaphela:
Igama elithi βintsebenziswanoβ kolu papasho alithethi kuthi kusetyenziswana ngokusemthethweni okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lobudlelwane obusemthethweni phakathi kweRed Hat, Inc. kunye nalo naliphi na elinye iziko elisemthethweni.
umthombo: www.habr.com