Ngokwezibalo zamva nje, bangaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-33 abantu baseRussia abasebenzisa ibroadband Internet. Nangona ukukhula kwesiseko sababhalisi kuncipha, ingeniso yababoneleli iyaqhubeka ikhula, kubandakanywa nokuphucula umgangatho weenkonzo ezikhoyo kunye nokuvela kwezinto ezintsha. I-Wi-Fi engenamthungo, umabonwakude we-IP, ikhaya elihlakaniphile - ukuphuhlisa le mimandla, abaqhubi kufuneka batshintshe ukusuka kwi-DSL ukuya kwi-teknoloji yesantya esiphezulu kunye nokuhlaziya izixhobo zenethiwekhi. Kule post, siza kungena kwiinkcukacha malunga nokuba yintoni i-TP-Link enikezela ngayo kwii-ISPs kunye nendlela esinokubanceda ngayo.
Iinkcukacha-manani zophuhliso lwe-Intanethi
Ngokophononongo olwenziwe yi-TMT Consulting, kwikota yesi-2 ka-2019, umthamo wentengiso ye-Intanethi ye-Broadband eRussia ufikelele kwi-35,3 yeebhiliyoni zeeruble, yongeza i-3,8% xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo. Ukungena kufikelele kwinqanaba le-60%, ngelixa i-70% ye-33,3 yezigidi zababhalisi be-broadband banikezelwa ngababoneleli abahlanu abakhulu baseRashiya:
- I-11,9 yezigidi (36%) - iRostelecom;
- 3,8 yezigidi (12%) - ER-Telecom Holding;
- 3,35 yezigidi (10%) - MTS;
- 2,4 yezigidi (7%) - Beeline;
- 1,8 yezigidi (5%) - TransTeleCom (TTK).
Ngexesha elifanayo, izinga lokukhula kwesiseko sobhaliso liyehla: i-1,6% kwikota yesibini ye-2019 ngokuchasene ne-2,3% ngexesha elifanayo kwi-2018. Abaphandi bathi imarike ingene kwinqanaba lokuzalisa. Nangona kunjalo, ababoneleli bayaqhubeka benyusa inzuzo. Inqanaba lomyinge wengeniso yenyanga nganye kubhalisi we-broadband unyuke ngama-ruble angama-9 - ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-347 ngo-2018 ukuya kwi-356 ngoku. Umvuzo awukhulanga ngenxa yeerhafu eziphezulu kuphela. Ngokwe-TMT Consulting, abaqhubi baphucula umgangatho wofikelelo kwaye banikezela ngeenkonzo ezintsha.
Ababoneleli baqinisekisa iziphumo. Iingxelo zenkonzo yenkonzo ye-Rostelecom: i-high-speed fiber optic teknoloji ngokuthe ngcembe ithatha indawo yothungelwano lwe-DSL oluphelelwe lixesha. Oku kudala isiseko sobugcisa kwiinkonzo ezongezelelweyo - IPTV kunye nabanye. Abameli be-ER-Telecom nabo babona amandla okukhula kwii-niches ezitsha kakhulu kubaboneleli: "i-smart intercom", "i-TV yedijithali", kunye nakwiiprojekthi ze "smart city" kunye ne "digital country".
Ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi, idatha ye-2018
I-Intanethi ingena nzulu, ugutyulo luyakhula, kwaye nomgangatho weenkonzo ezibonelelwayo uyaphucuka. Ngendlela, inkqubo yesizwe "I-Digital Economy yeRussian Federation" ithi ngo-2024, i-97% yemizi yelizwe kufuneka ibe nokufikelela kwi-broadband ngesantya se-100 Mbit / s. Ukugqiba lo msebenzi kuya kufuna iindleko ezinkulu kubaboneleli. Ngokomzekelo, i-Rostelecom izimisele ukutyalomali ukusuka kwi-50 ukuya kwi-70 yeebhiliyoni zee-ruble kwiinethiwekhi ezintsha. KwiSithili saseNorthwestern Federal kuphela, i-25,6 iwaka le-km ye-fiber optic cable iya kufakwa kwixabiso le-ruble ye-12,3 yebhiliyoni!
Kwii-ISPs ezinkulu neziphakathi: ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwefektri kunye nolawulo lwesixhobo esikude
Ababoneleli baseRashiya abanako ukudlula ngamashumi amawaka eekhilomitha zefiber optical, baya kufuna iiswitshi zala maxesha, iirotha, izilawuli, iindawo zokungena kwiWi-Fi, kunye neetransceivers, abaguquli bemidiya, njl. njl. ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zenethiwekhi kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso zabo.
Ngokuhambelana nemisebenzi yomthengi, sinokutshintsha i-firmware, sixhobise izixhobo ngemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ukunciphisa amandla ayo.
Iirotha ze-Wi-Fi zalungiswa ngokukodwa kwi-ER-Telecom - ukhetho oluzenzekelayo lwe-IPv6 uhlobo longezwa kubo. I-TR-069 ii-node ezikhethekileyo zomthengisi zinika umqhubi ithuba lokubeka iliso kwimeko kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo zenkonzo esebenzayo. Ukulungelelanisa umqhubi we-Wi-Fi kwenza kube lula ukulinganisa phakathi kwe-2,4 kunye ne-5 GHz chipsets, okukhokelela ekunyuseni kwe-2 kwisantya seWLAN. IBand Steering nayo iphuculwe.
Imiyalelo, ukubonakala kwezixhobo ngokwazo, kunye nokupakishwa kwazo nazo zenziwe ngokwezifiso. Umthengi unokufunda ulwazi oluyimfuneko ngesiRashiya. Apha ngezantsi kukho imizekelo yokwenza ngokwezifiso ukupakishwa kunye neemeko zababoneleli baseRussia:
Ngoku sinikezela ngababoneleli be-Intanethi iimodeli ezintathu eziphambili zeerotha zeWi-Fi:
- TL-WR850N (Ethernet 100 Mbps, 2,4 GHz Wi-Fi 300 Mbps).
- Archer C20 (Ethernet 100 Mbps, 2,4 GHz Wi-Fi 300 Mbps, 5 GHz Wi-Fi 433 Mbps).
- Archer C5 (Ethernet 1 Gbps, 2,4 GHz Wi-Fi 300 Mbps, 5 GHz Wi-Fi 867 Mbps).
Zonke ii-routers zixhasa i-IPv6, ulawulo lwabazali, kunye neprotocol ye-TR-069, evumela umqhubi ukuba ahlolisise kwaye alawule izixhobo zabasebenzisi bokugqibela. Ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yanamhlanje, izixhobo zibonelela nge-IGMP Proxy, imodi yebhulorho, i-802.1Q TAG VLAN yeenkonzo ze-IPTV kunye nenethiwekhi yeendwendwe zokufikelela kwiindwendwe ezihlukeneyo. Ukongeza kwisantya sezibuko ze-Ethernet kunye ne-Wi-Fi, i-Archer C5 iyahlukaniswa nobukho be-USB 2.0 port, eyenza kube lula ukudibanisa imodem ye-3G / 4G, kunye nokwabelana ngeefayile okanye imidiya kwinethiwekhi.
Iseva ye-TP-Link ACS yolawulo olukude
Ukusebenzisa isixhobo esifana neseva ye-ACS, umqhubi unokuhlaziya zonke ii-routers zababhalisi kanye kanye, ubeke izithintelo ezithile kubo, utshintshe izicwangciso, njalo njalo-ngokubanzi, ngokuzimeleyo ngokwezifiso izixhobo nangaliphi na ixesha ngokubona kwabo.
Iphepha lasekhaya le-Agile ACS libonisa ubume bezixhobo kwifom yetshathi. Ungacofa kwicandelo letshathi okanye inombolo ekrwelelwe umgca ngaphantsi ukujonga iinkcukacha.
Itheyibhile yeZixhobo ibonisa ulwazi olusisiseko malunga nezixhobo ezibhalisiweyo: inombolo yothotho, imodeli, ulwazi lwesoftware, idilesi ye-IP, njl.
Kwiithebhu zolwazi unokujonga iiparamitha zangoku kwaye uzitshintshe.
I-TR TREE ibonisa ulwazi lwenodi yesixhobo. Kwifestile yokukhangela, unokufumana i-node ethile kwaye uyiqwalasele.
Ungayandisa imenyu eyehlayo ukufikelela kwisethingi ezongezelelweyo.
Ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo, awukwazi ukubeka iliso kuphela kunye nokuqwalasela isixhobo esinye, kodwa kwakhona wenze i-firmware eninzi kunye nohlaziyo lwefayile yoqwalaselo kunye nokukwazi ukucoca ngesicelo. I-ACS okwangoku ixhasa iimodeli ezine: Archer C5, Archer C20, TLWR840N kunye neTL-WR850N.
I-ACS igcina ukuya kuthi ga kwi-800 MB yeelog zamva nje. Nje ukuba iifayile zelog zifikelele kwi-100 MB ngobukhulu, inkqubo igcina igcina. Ngokungagqibekanga, unokujonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200 MB yeelogi zamva nje, kubandakanya i-ID yesixhobo, ixesha kunye nomxholo welog.
KwiSetingi zeNkqubo icandelo, unokujonga kwaye utshintshe ulungelelwaniso lwe-ACS. Ukongeza kwidilesi ye-IP yomninimzi, enokuthi iqwalaselwe ngumlawuli, inkqubo inikeza idilesi ye-IP yolawulo olusisigxina: 169.254.0.199.
Kubaboneleli abancinci: uxhumano oluzimeleyo kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso
Kwiinkampani ze-Intanethi zengingqi ezithenga izixhobo ezincinci, akukho nzuzo uku-odola ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwefektri okanye ukufumana ilayisenisi ye-ACS. Kubo, sinikeze esinye isisombululo apho izicwangciso ezisisiseko ze-TP-Link routers zilungelelaniswe kwiimpawu zenethiwekhi yomnikezeli. Isixhobo esenziwe ngokwezifiso usebenzisa i-Agile Config utility igcina i-firmware etshintshileyo nasemva kokusetha ngokutsha - kwaye abasebenzisi abayi kukwazi "ukwaphula" inethiwekhi ngokusetha kwakhona ngempazamo. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo kwisebe lenkxaso yobugcisa bomqhubi.
Usebenzisa i-Agile Config, unokutshintsha i-SSID, uhlobo loqhagamshelwano lwe-WAN, igama lokugqitha, izowuni yexesha kunye nolwimi. Unokuseta useto olukhethekileyo kuzo zonke iirutha ze-TP-Link okanye wenze useto lobuqu kwirutha nganye. Ukongeza, into eluncedo ikuvumela ukuba uphawule ujongano lwewebhu - tshintsha ilogo yeTP-Link kwilogo yomnikezeli wakho. Kwakhona kwi-Agile Config kucwangciswe ukongeza ukubhloka kunye nokufihla kumsebenzisi izicwangciso ezithile ezinobuthathaka - umzekelo, TR-069.
Ukufumana usetyenziso, hamba ngenkqubo yokubhalisa elula kwiwebhusayithi. Emva kokuqinisekisa idilesi ye-imeyile, ngena kwiakhawunti yakho kwaye ugcwalise - faka ulwazi lwenkampani yakho. Isicelo siya kuhlaziywa kwiiyure ze-24, kwaye uya kukwazi ukukhuphela i-Agile Config components: I-Agile Server kunye ne-ISP Generator.
Siyiyo kwizinto eziluncedo, apho sikuxelela indlela yokufaka kunye nokuyisebenzisa.
Emva kokufaka isoftware kwikhompyuter yakho, siqhagamshela kwenye yeerouters ukwenza useto oluqhelekileyo lofakelo kuzo zonke izixhobo. Ukwenza oku, yiya kwiphepha lezicwangciso ze-router kwaye uze negama lokugqitha: nokuba yinto elula, njengomlawuli, okanye into enzima ngakumbi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzisi unqatshelwe ukufikelela kwizicwangciso. Siseta izicwangciso eziyimfuneko, setha igama elitsha kunye negama lokugqitha kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi. Useto lugcinwa ngecandelo elithi "Backup".
Izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zomzila ngamnye zichazwe nge-ISP Generator utility. Ukwenza oku, yenza ifayile MAC.BIN.xls - inkqubo yenza oku ngokuzenzekelayo - kwaye utshintshe ifayile ngokuyivula kwi-Excel. Sibonisa idilesi ye-MAC ye-router eqwalaselweyo ngoku (idatha ibonakaliswe kwiphaneli yangasemva yesixhobo), kunye nezinye izicwangciso zomntu ngamnye: ukungena kunye negama lokugqitha lokufikelela kujongano lwewebhu, udibaniso lwePPPoE, lweWi- Inethiwekhi yeFi. Ukuba usebenzisa idilesi yeIP engatshintshiyo, kufuneka umisele iiparamitha zayo apha. Ukugcina ifayile kwakhona sisebenzisa i-ISP Generator.
Ukufaka useto, qhagamshela i-router kunye nekhompyuter kuyo nayiphi na iswitshi. Kwikhompyutheni sibeka idilesi ye-IP engatshintshiyo 192.168.66.10, imaski ayigqibekanga. Emva koku, sihambisa zombini iifayile ezenziweyo kunye noseto kwifolda enye. Ukuba uya kubeka uphawu kwi-router, ke ubeke uphawu lwakho kunye ne-favicon apho, ubungakanani bayo akufanele budlule i-6 KB.
Qhuba usetyenziso lwe-Agile Server njengomlawuli. Kwindawo yokusebenzela, cacisa indlela eya kwifolda kunye neefayile zethu kwaye nqakraza "Kulungile", emva koko inkonzo iqala ngokuzenzekelayo. I-Agile Config ixhasa i-TL-WR850N, i-Archer C20 kunye ne-Archer C5 routers. Isixhobo sikuvumela ukuba ukhanyise ngaxeshanye ichibi elikhulu lezixhobo, ubukhulu balo bukhawulelwe kuphela ngenani lokutshintsha kwezibuko.
isiphelo
Ukuba uthetha ngokubanzi malunga nazo zonke izixhobo ze-TP-Link zabaqhubi be-Intanethi kwisithuba esinye, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba ube nomonde wokuyifunda kude kube sekupheleni. Apha sakwazisa kuphela kwiimveliso ezidumileyo kunye neenkonzo ze-TP-Link phakathi kwababoneleli baseRashiya - enyanisweni, kukho ezininzi zazo. Iirouters ezibonisiweyo - zinikwe ithuba lokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwefektri kunye nokuzilungelelanisa usebenzisa isoftware yobunini - zibonelela ngokufikelela okulungileyo kwi-intanethi ye-broadband kunye nenkxaso yeenkonzo ezongezelelweyo. Lilonke, oku kuya kukwanelisa iimfuno ze-ISP ezininzi zaseRashiya kunye nabathengi.
Izicwangciso zethu ngoku zibandakanya izixhobo ezitsha zomgangatho we-Wi-Fi 6, iinkqubo zeMesh zokugubungela i-Wi-Fi ngaphandle "kwemimandla efileyo" kunye nezinye izixhobo "ezinzima" kwiimfuno ezikhulayo zabathengi. Ngokuqinisekileyo siya kuxelela abafundi bakaHabr ngezi zixhobo!
umthombo: www.habr.com