Iiseva kwiziko ledatha leMicrosoft zisebenze iintsuku ezimbini kwi-hydrogen

Microsoft kwaziswa malunga novavanyo olukhulu lokuqala lwehlabathi olusebenzisa iiseli zamafutha e-hydrogen ukunika amandla iiseva kwiziko ledatha.

Ufakelo lwe-250 kW lwenziwa yinkampani Utshintsho lwamandla. Kwixesha elizayo, ukufakela okufanayo kweemegawathi ezi-3 kuya kuthatha indawo yeejenereyitha zedizili eziqhelekileyo, ezisetyenziswa ngoku njengomthombo wamandla ogciniweyo kumaziko edatha.

I-Hydrogen igqalwa njengesibaso esihambelana nemekobume kuba ukutshiswa kwayo kuvelisa amanzi kuphela.

UMicrosoft usete umsebenzi zitshintshe ngokupheleleyo zonke iijenereyitha zedizili kumaziko azo edatha ngo-2030.

Njengakwamanye amaziko edatha, amaziko edatha e-Azure asebenzisa iijenereyitha zedizili njengemithombo yamandla egcinayo xa umbane ecaleni kwendlela ephambili ulahlekile. Esi sixhobo singasebenzi i-99% yexesha, kodwa iziko ledatha lisayigcina ngokusebenza ukuze lisebenze kakuhle xa kukho ukungaphumeleli okunqabileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kwiMicrosoft, bajonga kuphela ukusebenza kwenyanga kunye novavanyo lomthwalo wonyaka, xa umthwalo osuka kubo usiwa kwiiseva. Ukusilela kwamandla okuphambili akwenzeki minyaka le.

Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zeMicrosoft ziye zabala ukuba iimodeli zamva nje zeeseli ze-hydrogen fuel sele zibiza kakhulu kunejeneretha zedizili.

Ukongeza, unikezelo lwamandla olugciniweyo (i-UPS) ngoku lusebenzisa iibhetri ezibonelela ngombane kwithuba elifutshane (imizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwimizuzu eli-10) phakathi kokucima kombane kunye nokunyuswa kweejenereyitha zedizili. Aba bamva bayakwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo de kuphele ipetroli.

I-hydrogen fuel cell ithatha indawo ye-UPS kunye nejenereyitha yedizili. Iqukethe iitanki zokugcina i-hydrogen kunye neyunithi ye-electrolysis, eyahlula iimolekyuli zamanzi zibe yi-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen. Nantsi indlela imodeli ye-250 kW Power Innovations ekhangeleka ngayo ngokwenyani:

Ufakelo ludityaniswe nje kuthungelwano lombane olukhoyo - kwaye alufuni ukunikezelwa kwamafutha avela ngaphandle, njengejenereyitha ye-diesel. Inokuhlanganiswa kunye neepaneli zelanga okanye iifama zomoya, eziza kuvelisa i-hydrogen eyaneleyo yokugcwalisa iitanki. Ke, ihydrogen isetyenziswa njengebhetri yemichiza kwizityalo zamandla elanga nezomoya.

Ngo-2018, abaphandi abavela kwiLebhu yeSizwe yaMandla aVuselelekayo eColorado (e-USA) baqhube umfuniselo wokuqala oyimpumelelo wokunika amandla i-server rack esuka kwiiseli zamafutha usebenzisa i-PEM (iproton exchange membrane), oko kukuthi, iproton utshintsho inwebu.

I-PEM bubugcisa obutsha bokuvelisa i-hydrogen. Ngoku ukufakelwa okunjalo ngokuthe ngcembe kuthathela indawo i-alkaline electrolysis yemveli. Intliziyo yenkqubo yiseli ye-electrolysis. Inayo i-electrode ezimbini, i-cathode kunye ne-anode. Phakathi kwabo kukho i-electrolyte eqinileyo, le yi-membrane yokutshintshiselana ngeproton eyenziwe ngepolymer yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.

Itekhnoloji, iiprotoni zihamba ngokuthe ngcembe ngaphakathi kwenwebu, ngelixa ii-electron zihamba kumjelo wangaphandle. Amanzi adiyiniweyo aqukuqela ukuya kwi-anode, apho ahlulwe abe ziiproton, ii-electron kunye negesi yeoksijini. Iiprotons zidlula kwi-membrane, ngelixa ii-electron zihamba kwisekethe yombane yangaphandle. Kwi-cathode, iiproton kunye nee-electron ziphinda zihlangane ukuze zenze igesi ye-hydrogen (H2).

Le yindlela ephezulu kakhulu, ethembekileyo, enexabiso eliphantsi yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokusetyenziswa. Emva koko, xa ihydrogen neoksijini zidityanisiwe, kuye kuvele umphunga kuze kubekho nombane.

NgoSeptemba ka-2019, ii-Power Innovations zaqala ukuzama i-250-kilowatt yeseli yamafutha enika amandla i-10 yee-server ezigcweleyo. NgoDisemba, inkqubo iphumelele uvavanyo lokuthembeka kweeyure ezingama-24, kwaye ngoJuni 2020 - uvavanyo lweeyure ezingama-48.

Ngexesha lovavanyo lokugqibela, iiseli zamafutha ezine ezinjalo zisebenza ngendlela ezenzekelayo. Amanani erekhodi arekhodiweyo:

• Iiyure ezingama-48 zokusebenza rhoqo
• I-10 kWh yombane owenziweyo
• I-814 kg ye-hydrogen esetyenzisiweyo
• Kuveliswe iilitha ezingama-7000 zamanzi

Ngoku le nkampani iceba ukusebenzisa obu buchwephesha ukwakha isisele esine-3-megawatt fuel. Ngoku iya kuthelekiswa ngokupheleleyo namandla kwiijeneretha zedizili ezifakwe kumaziko edatha e-Azure.

Umbutho wamazwe ngamazwe ukhuthaza i-hydrogen njengamafutha IBhunga leHydrojeni, ezidibanisa abenzi bezixhobo, iinkampani zezothutho kunye nabathengi abakhulu - iMicrosoft sele imisele ummeli kweli bhunga. Ngokomgaqo, zonke iitekhnoloji zokuvelisa i-hydrogen kunye nokuveliswa kombane sele zikhona. Umsebenzi wombutho kukuwoyisa. Usemninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe apha.

Iingcali zibona ikamva elihle le-PEM-type fuel cell. Kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, iindleko zabo zehle malunga namaxesha amane. Bancedisa ngokugqibeleleyo i-photovoltaic kunye nezikhululo zomoya, ukuqokelela amandla ngexesha lexesha eliphezulu lesizukulwana - kwaye liyikhuphe kwinethiwekhi ngamaxesha omthwalo ophezulu.

Kwakhona, zingasetyenziselwa i-brokerage kutshintshiselwano lwamandla, apho inkqubo ithenga amandla ngexesha lobuncinci okanye nokuba amaxabiso amabi - kwaye unikezela ngayo ngexesha lexabiso eliphezulu. Iinkqubo ezinjalo ze-brokerage zinokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, njenge-bots yokurhweba.

Njengentengiso

Unikezelo lwamandla okhuseleko lwamaziko ethu edatha alusebenzi kwi-hydrogen, kodwa ukuthembeka kwabo kugqwesileyo! Yethu abancedisi be-epic - ezi zinamandla VDS eMoscow, esebenzisa iiprosesa zangoku ezivela kwi-AMD.
Malunga nendlela esakha ngayo iqela kule nkonzo eli nqaku kuHabr.

umthombo: www.habr.com