Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uluntu olukhanyiselweyo lumthethisa njani umabonwakude ngenxa yempembelelo yakhe embi kwingqondo, nangona kunjalo, uphawu lukamabonwakude lukhona phantse kuzo zonke iindawo zokuhlala (kunye neendawo ezininzi ezingahlaliyo). Kwizixeko ezikhulu, oku kusoloko kuhlala kumabonakude, nokuba wonke umntu obangqongileyo uhlala eyibiza ngokuba “yi-antenna”. Kwaye ukuba inkqubo yokwamkela umabonwakude osemhlabeni ibonakala ngokucacileyo (nangona isenokwahluka kwi-eriyali eneempondo eziqhelekileyo kwifestile yefestile, ngokuqinisekileyo ndiya kuthetha ngale nto kamva), ngoko inkqubo kamabonwakude yentambo inokubonakala intsonkothe ​​ngokungalindelekanga ekusebenzeni kwayo kunye nolwakhiwo. Ndibonisa uluhlu lwamanqaku malunga noku. Ndifuna ukwazisa abo banomdla kwimigaqo yokusebenza kweenethiwekhi zeCATV, kunye nokusebenza kwabo kunye nokuxilongwa.

• Icandelo 1: Uyilo lwenethiwekhi yeCATV ngokubanzi
• Icandelo 2: Ukuqulunqwa komqondiso kunye nokumila
• Icandelo 3: Icandelo leSiginali ye-Analog
• Icandelo 4: ICandelo loMqondiso weDijithali
• Icandelo 5: Inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-coaxial
• Icandelo 6: I-RF Signal Amplifiers
• Icandelo 7: Abamkeli bamehlo
• Icandelo 8: Inethiwekhi ye-Optical backbone
• Icandelo 9: Intloko
• Icandelo 10: Ukulungisa inethiwekhi yeCATV

Andizenzi ngathi ndibhala incwadi ebanzi, kodwa ndiya kuzama ukuhlala ngaphakathi kwesakhelo sesayensi kwaye ndingawafaki kakhulu amanqaku ngeefomula kunye neenkcazo zetekhnoloji. Yiloo nto kanye ebangela ukuba ndishiye amagama "ahlakaniphile" kwisicatshulwa ngaphandle kwengcaciso; ngokuwahlola ungangena nzulu njengoko ufuna. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, yonke into ichazwe kakuhle ngokwahlukeneyo, kodwa ndiza kukuxelela nje ukuba yongeza njani inkqubo kamabonwakude wentambo. Kwinxalenye yokuqala, ndiza kuchaza ngokucacileyo ubume benethiwekhi, kwaye kamva ndiya kuhlalutya ngokubanzi imigaqo yokusebenza kwenkqubo yonke.

Inethiwekhi yentambo kamabonakude inesakhiwo somthi. Isignali iveliswa yintloko yesikhululo, esiqokelela iimpawu ezivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, siyifake ibe yinye (ngokwesicwangciso esinikiweyo sefrikhwensi) kwaye siyithumela kumnatha wokusabalalisa oyintloko kwifom efunekayo. Namhlanje, inethiwekhi yomqolo, ngokuqinisekileyo, i-optical kwaye isibonakaliso singena kwintambo ye-coaxial kuphela kwisakhiwo sokugqibela.

Isikhululo esikhulu

Imithombo yesignali yesihloko sentloko inokuba yi-eriyali yesathelayithi (apho inokuba neshumi elinesibini) okanye imijelo yedijithali ethunyelwe ngokuthe ngqo ngamajelo eTV okanye abanye abaqhubi be-telecom. Ukufumana kunye nokudibanisa imiqondiso evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, kusetyenziswa ii-decoder/iimodyuli ezininzi zeenkonzo ezininzi, eziyi-rack-mount chassis enamakhadi ahlukeneyo okwandisa abonelela ngoqhagamshelo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokujongana, kunye nokucacisa, ukumodareyitha kunye nokuvelisa uphawu olufunekayo. .

Apha, umzekelo, sibona iimodyuli ze-6 zokufumana isignali yosasazo lwesathelayithi kunye neemodyuli ezimbini ze-DVB-C zemveliso.

Kwaye le chassis ibandakanyeka ekuhleni umqondiso. Uyakwazi ukubona iimodyuli ze-CAM, ezifanayo ezifakwe kwiiTV ukuze ufumane iziteshi ezivaliweyo.

Isiphumo sokusebenza kwesi sixhobo sisignali yokuphuma equlethe zonke iitshaneli esiya kuzinika ababhalisi, ezicwangciswe ngamaxesha amaninzi ngokuhambelana nesicwangciso sokuphindaphinda esinikiweyo. Kuthungelwano lwethu, olu luluhlu ukusuka kwi-49 ukuya kwi-855 MHz, equlethe zombini iitshaneli ze-analog kunye nedijithali kwiifomathi ze-DVB-C, i-DVB-T kunye ne-DVB-T2:

Bonisa ispectrum yomqondiso.

Umqondiso owenziweyo wondliwa kwi-transmitter ye-optical transmitter, eyona nto iguqulela imidiya kwaye idlulisela iziteshi zethu kwi-optical medium kwi-wavelength ye-TV yendabuko ye-1550 nm.

Isidluliseli samehlo.

Inethiwekhi yokusasazwa kwetrunk

Isignali ye-optical efunyenwe kwi-headend ikhuliswa ngokusebenzisa i-optical erbium amplifier (EDFA), eyaziwayo kuyo nayiphi na ingcali yonxibelelwano.

Isibini samashumi e-dBm yomgangatho womqondiso othatyathwe kwimveliso yeamplifier sele yohlulwe kwaye ithunyelwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukwahlula kuqhutyelwa ngabahluli be-passive, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula, kufakwe kwizindlu ze-rack-mount-cross-connects.

I-Optical divider ngaphakathi kweyunithi enye ye-optical cross-connect.

Umqondiso owahluliweyo ufikelela kwizinto apho, ukuba kuyimfuneko, inokunyuswa ngokusebenzisa i-amplifiers efanayo, okanye ihlulwe phakathi kwezinye izixhobo.

Le yindlela enokuthi ijongeke ngayo indawo yokuhlala. Iquka i-amplifier optical, isahluli se-signal kwi-rackmount yezindlu, kunye nokusabalalisa i-optical distribution distribution, apho iifibers zihanjiswa kubamkeli be-optical.

Umrhumo wokusasaza inethiwekhi

Abamkeli be-Optical, njenge-transmitter, ngabaguquli abaphakathi: badlulisela isignali ye-optical efunyenweyo kwintambo ye-coaxial. Ii-OPs ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nabavelisi abahlukeneyo, kodwa ukusebenza kwabo ngokuqhelekileyo kufana: ukubeka iliso kwinqanaba kunye nohlengahlengiso olusisiseko lwesignali, endiya kuxubusha ngokubanzi kumanqaku alandelayo.

Izamkeli zamehlo ezisetyenziswa kwinethiwekhi yethu.

Ngokuxhomekeke kulwakhiwo lwezindlu (inani lemigangatho, inani lezakhiwo kunye neengcango zangaphambili, njl.njl.), i-optical receiver inokufumaneka ekuqaleni kwesikhuphusi ngasinye, okanye mhlawumbi enye yezininzi (ngamanye amaxesha naphakathi kwezakhiwo akukho sixhobo. i-optical, kodwa i-coaxial cable ibekwe), kule meko, ukunyanzeliswa okungenakuphepheka kwizahluli kunye neendlela ezihamba phambili zihlawulwa ngama-amplifiers. Njengale, umzekelo:

Isandisi-lizwi seCATV se-Teleste CXE180RF

Uthungelwano lonikezelo lwababhalisi lwakhiwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zentambo ye-coaxial kunye nezahluli ezahlukeneyo, onokuzibona kwiphaneli yangoku esezantsi kwizinyuko zakho.

Iicables ezingena kwigumbi ziqhagamshelwe kwiziphumo zababhalisi abaqhekezayo.

Ewe kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, kukho oomabonwakude abaliqela kwigumbi ngalinye kwaye badityaniswe ngezahlulo ezongezelelweyo, ezikwazisa ukuthomalalisa. Ngoko ke, kwezinye iimeko (xa kukho iithelevishini ezininzi kwindlu enkulu), kuyimfuneko ukufaka i-amplifiers ezongezelelweyo zesignali kwindlu, ezi njongo zincinci kwaye zibuthathaka kunezona ziphambili.

umthombo: www.habr.com