Emva kokudlula kwiziseko zethiyori, masiqhubele phambili kwinkcazo yehardware yothungelwano lwentambo kamabonakude. Ndiza kuqalisa ibali kumamkeli kamabonakude wombhalisi kwaye, ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi kunakwi Inxalenye yokuqala Ndiza kukuxelela malunga nawo onke amacandelo enethiwekhi.

Iziqulatho zoluhlu lwamanqaku

• Icandelo 1: Uyilo lwenethiwekhi yeCATV ngokubanzi
• Icandelo 2: Ukuqulunqwa komqondiso kunye nokumila
• Icandelo 3: Icandelo leSiginali ye-Analog
• Icandelo 4: ICandelo loMqondiso weDijithali
• Icandelo 5: Inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-coaxial
• Icandelo 6: I-RF Signal Amplifiers
• Icandelo 7: Abamkeli bamehlo
• Icandelo 8: Inethiwekhi ye-Optical backbone
• Icandelo 9: Intloko
• Icandelo 10: Ukulungisa inethiwekhi yeCATV

Iintambo

Isokhethi yeTV idibaniswe nesahluli ngaphakathi kwendlu, okanye (ukuba kukho iTV enye kuphela) - ukuya kwindawo yokunyuka kwipaneli kwizitebhisi. Njengoko uyazi, lonke uxhulumaniso olongezelelweyo luyintlupheko enokwenzeka, ngoko ke xa ucombulula ingxaki, kufuneka uhlawule ngokucokisekileyo kwindibaniselwano nganye.

Ngaphakathi kwendlu kunye nekhaka, njengomthetho, intambo ye-coaxial eyaziwayo yohlobo lwe-RG-6 ibekwe, epheliswe kunye nezihlanganisi ezilula ezihlala zidibanisa kuphela kunye ne-braid, kwaye i-core central ingena kwi-connector. yesixhobo okanye iadaptha “njengoko injalo.”

Ukubeka oohola bendlela, kusetyenziswa intambo ye-RG-11, ene-attenuation encinci kubude kunye namandla amakhulu. Kukho kwakhona inguqu yokuzimela yale ntambo kunye nentambo yensimbi ephothiweyo yokubeka "iindlela zomoya".

Le ntambo ingqindilili kwaye yomelele, ngenxa yoko iziqhagamshelo ezintsonkothileyo sele zisetyenziselwa ukuphelisa: ezi zinokuba ziziqhagamshelo zecrimp ezifanayo nezazo ezincinci, okanye izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezidityanisiweyo ezikwizixhobo zomgangatho woshishino.

Kunokuba nzima ukukrazula isinxibelelanisi kwintambo enjalo, kwaye iingxaki zihlala zivela kwangoko emva kofakelo ngenxa yokungahambelani nomgangatho wobude bokuhluba (6,3mm undoqo ophakathi + 6,3mm braid), okanye kamva ngenxa yokungaqhagamshelwa kakuhle xa ukrwela ngaphandle. izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.

Iimpompo kunye neziqhekeza

Xa kwakhiwa i-riser, i-splitters kunye ne-coupler zisetyenziswa.

Ngaphakathi, ziyi-decoupler yeesekethe ze-LC ukuze zitshatise ukunyanzeliswa kwamaza okukhokela. Ukuba wahlula intambo ye-coaxial ngaphandle kwesixhobo esinjalo, kodwa ngokulula ngokujija, ke ukunyanzeliswa okuncitshisiweyo kweempompo nganye xa kudityaniswe ngokuhambelanayo akuyi kuvumela umqondiso ukuba udlule ngokupheleleyo kwaye inxalenye yayo iya kuphinda iboniswe kumgca oyintloko. , okuya kubangela ukuphazamiseka kunye nengxolo kwisignali.

Umahluko osisiseko phakathi kweetephu kunye neziqhekeza bubukho okanye ukungabikho kwemveliso yomgca (OUT). Ilahleko kwimveliso enjalo incinci kwaye ixabisa malunga ne-1-5 dB, kuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo. Kwiimpompo zababhalisi (TAP) ukuthomalalisa kuluhlu olusuka kwi-8 ukuya kwi-30 dB okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa inqanaba lesignali efanayo kwiimpompo zababhalisi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwi-trunk.



Ukuba ekuqaleni kokunyuka sinomqondiso kunye nenqanaba le-105 dBμV, ngoko ukuze unike i-75 dBμV efunekayo kubhalisi ukusuka kumpompo, kuyimfuneko ukufakela i-splitter eyenza i-30 dB. Kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-85 dB inokufikelela ekupheleni kwendlela ehamba phambili, apho kuyimfuneko ukufaka i-splitter, ilahleko kwiimpompo ezincinci kunye ne-4-output enye yi-8 dB. Ukulinganiswa kokunciphisa kunye nenani leziphumo ezivela phantse kubo bonke abavelisi zifakwe kwiikhowudi kwisixhobo: kumfanekiso ongentla sibona, umzekelo, i-620 - 6 iitephu zababhalisi, nganye inciphisa i-20 dB, kunye nempompo enye engundoqo. Izibizo ze-TAH kunye ne-SAH azivunyelwanga ngokubanzi, kodwa zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye ngokulandelelana zithetha itephu okanye ukwahlulahlula.

Ukunciphisa umehluko kwinqanaba lesignali phakathi kwamacandelo okunyuka, kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo kuyimfuneko ukuhlula kwiindawo ezininzi usebenzisa iimpompo eziphambili. Oku kukuvumela ukuba unciphise uluhlu lweempompo zababhalisi kwaye uqinisekise ukuba inqanaba kwimpompo yomrhumo lisondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwinqanaba elifunekayo.

Kumzobo osekhohlo ndibonise umzekelo wokunyuka okwakhiwe ukusuka phezulu ukuya ngasezantsi kwaye kwahlulahlulwe kumacandelo amathathu ("pilasters"). Ziintlobo ezi-12 kuphela zeempompo zababhalisi ezisetyenziselwa iiphaneli zomgangatho we-5. Ukuba bekungekho ukwahlukana, bekuya kufuneka sisebenzise iindidi ezili-12 ngenyathelo le-2-3 dB. Kwaye ekugqibeleni kude, ngokuqinisekileyo asinakukwazi ukukhetha i-splitter konke konke, kuba "isiqingatha-yesiphelo" esineziphumo ezimbini kuphela sinciphisa i-4 dB, kwaye ngenani elikhulu leziphumo asinakukwazi ukungena uhlahlo lwabiwo mali.

Ukuba inkqubo isebenzisa unikezelo lwamandla olukude kwisixhobo (ngokuqinisekileyo ndiya kuthetha ngale nto kumacandelo alandelayo), iimpompo eziphambili zibukeka zihluke kancinci:

Ngenxa yomzimba omkhulu kunye noyilo olucingisiswe kakuhle, ukugqunyelelwa okungcono kwamacandelo aphilayo ukusuka kwiimpembelelo zangaphandle kunye nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle ukusuka kumbane omkhulu onokuthi uhambe ngentambo uyaqinisekiswa.

Izinto zokhuseleko

Ukukhusela izixhobo ezivela kwiziganeko ezinokwenzeka kwikhebula, kunye nababhalisi ukusuka kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo ezisebenzayo, i-insulators ifakwe ekuqaleni kokunyuka, okubonelela ukuhlukaniswa kwe-galvanic phakathi kwenxalenye ephambili kunye nenxalenye yokusabalalisa.

Ukuthintela ukubonakaliswa komqondiso kwizikhonkwane ezingahambelaniyo (ngokwesakhiwo ezi ziimpompo zesondlo kuphela, kodwa kukho into enokwenzeka ukuba ukuba isiqhekeza asiqokelelwanga kakuhle okanye sineziphene, izikhonkwane zomrhumo nazo ziya kuba nokuphazamiseka kophawu olwahlukileyo kolufunekayo), kufuneka zivalwe ngeeplagi zokufunxa ezihambelanayo, ezihlala zinomsebenzi ofanayo "iimfihlo" kwimeko xa iikontraka zomntu ngamnye zokubonelela ngeenkonzo ziqukunjelwa kunye nabahlali.

umthombo: www.habr.com