Amanqaku aphambili okanye eli nqaku lingantoni
Isihloko senqaku yinkqubo ebonakalayo ye-PLC I-ShioTiny kwikhaya elihlakaniphile elichazwe apha: .
Ngokufutshane kakhulu iingqiqo ezifana amaqhina, zonxibelelwano, zi ganeko, kunye neempawu zokulayisha kunye nokwenza inkqubo ebonwayo kwi ESP8266, esisiseko sePLC I-ShioTiny.
Intshayelelo okanye imibuzo embalwa yombutho
Kwinqaku elidlulileyo malunga nophuhliso lwam, ndinike umboniso omfutshane wezakhono zomlawuli I-ShioTiny.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, uluntu lubonise umdla omkhulu kwaye lwandibuza imibuzo emininzi. Abanye abahlobo bade bathembisa ngoko nangoko ukuthenga isilawuli kum. Hayi, andichasene nokufumana imali encinci, kodwa isazela sam asindivumeli ukuba ndithengise into ekrwada kakhulu ngokwesoftware.
Ke ngoko, ndithumele iibhinari ze-firmware kunye nomzobo wesixhobo kwi-GitHub: .
Ngoku wonke umntu unokukhanyisa i-ESP-07 kwaye adlale nge-firmware ngokwabo. Ukuba umntu ufuna ngokwenene ibhodi efanayo njengakwifoto, ke ndineqela labo. Bhala nge-imeyile [imeyile ikhuselwe]. Kodwa, njengoko u-Ogurtsov ongalibalekiyo wayedla ngokuthi: "Andinaxanduva ngayo nantoni na!"
Ke, makhe sifikelele kwinqanaba: yintoni "iqhina"(indawo) kunye"isiganeko"? Yenziwa njani inkqubo?
Njengesiqhelo, masiqale ngokulandelelana: ngokukhuphela inkqubo.
Ilayishwa njani inkqubo
Masiqale ngento eyenzekayo xa sicofa iqhosha Upload kumhleli ElDraw kunye nenkqubo yethu yesiphaluka, equka izikwere ezintle, ibhabha kwisixhobo.
Okokuqala, ngokusekelwe kumzobo esiwuzobileyo, inkcazo yayo kwifom yesicatshulwa yakhiwe.
Okwesibini, ijonga ukuba onke amagalelo e-node aqhagamshelwe kwiziphumo. Akufuneki kubekho masango βajingayoβ. Ukuba igalelo elinjalo lifunyenwe, isiphaluka asiyi kulayishwa kwi-ShIoTiny, kwaye umhleli uya kubonisa isilumkiso esihambelanayo.
Ukuba yonke into ihambe kakuhle, umhleli uthumela inkcazo yombhalo wesekethe enye node ngexesha kwi-ShIoTiny. Ngokuqinisekileyo, isiphaluka esikhoyo esivela kwi-ShIoTiny siqale sisuswe. Inkcazo yesicatshulwa esinesiphumo sigcinwe kwimemori YEFLESHI.
Ngendlela, ukuba ufuna ukususa isekethe kwisixhobo, ke mane ulayishe isiphaluka esingenanto kuyo (engaqulathanga into enye ye-node).
Nje ukuba yonke inkqubo yesekethe ilayishwe kwi-ShIoTiny PLC, iqala "ukuqhuba". Ingaba ithetha ntoni?
Qaphela ukuba iinkqubo zokulayisha isekethe kwimemori ye-FLASH xa umbane uvuliwe kwaye xa ufumana isekethe kumhleli ziyafana.
Okokuqala, izinto ze-node zenziwe ngokusekelwe kwinkcazo yazo.
Emva koko unxibelelwano lwenziwa phakathi kweenodi. Oko kukuthi, amakhonkco eziphumo kumagalelo kunye namagalelo kwiziphumo ayenziwa.
Kwaye kuphela emva kwayo yonke le nto umjikelo wokwenziwa kwenkqubo ephambili uqala.
Ndabhala ixesha elide, kodwa yonke inkqubo-ukusuka "ekulayisheni" isiphaluka kwimemori ye-FLASH ukuqala umjikelezo oyintloko - kuthatha iqhezu lesibini kwisekethe ye-60-80 nodes.
Ingaba iluphu engundoqo isebenza njani? Ilula kakhulu. Okokuqala ulinda ukuvela zi ganeko kwenye indawo, emva koko iqhubekisa eso siganeko. Kwaye njalo ngokungenasiphelo. Ewe, okanye bade balayishe iskimu esitsha kwi-ShIoTiny.
Amatyeli amaninzi sele ndikhankanye izinto ezinje zi ganeko, amaqhina ΠΈ zonxibelelwano. Kodwa yintoni le ngokwembono yesoftware? Siza kuthetha ngale nto namhlanje.
Iindawo zokuhlala, uqhagamshelwano kunye neziganeko
Jonga nje imizekelo yeenkqubo zesekethe ze I-ShioTinyukuqonda ukuba umzobo uqulathe amaziko amabini kuphela - iindawo (okanye izinto) kunye noqhagamshelwano phakathi kwazo.
Knot, kodwa ewe okanye isici sesekethe luphawu lwenyani lwezinye isenzo phezu kwedatha. Oku kunokuba lutyando lwe-arithmetic, utyando olusengqiqweni, okanye naluphi na utyando oluthi qatha ezingqondweni zethu. Into ephambili kukuba i-node inomnyango kunye nokuphuma.
entry - le yindawo apho i-node ifumana idatha. Imifanekiso yegalelo ngamanqaku ahlala esecaleni lasekhohlo le-node.
Phuma - le yindawo apho isiphumo sokusebenza kwe-node sifunyanwa. Imifanekiso yemveliso ngamanqaku ahlala ebekwe kwicala lasekunene le-node.
Ezinye iindawo zokuhlala azinawo amagalelo. Iinodi ezinjalo zivelisa umphumo wangaphakathi. Ngokomzekelo, i-node eqhubekayo okanye i-node ye-sensor: ayifuni idatha evela kwezinye iindawo ukubika umphumo.
Ezinye iindawo, ngokuchaseneyo, azinaziphumo. La ngamaqhuqhuva abonisa, umzekelo, ii-activators (ii-relays okanye into efanayo). Bayamkela idatha kodwa abavelisi iziphumo zokubala ezifumaneka kwezinye iindawo.
Ukongeza, kukho kwakhona i-node yenkcazo ekhethekileyo. Ayenzi nto, ayinamagalelo okanye iziphumo. Injongo yayo kukuba yingcaciso kumzobo.
Kwenzeke ntoni "isiganeko"?" Umnyhadala kukuvela kwedatha entsha kuyo nayiphi na indawo. Umzekelo, imisitho ibandakanya: utshintsho kwimo yokufaka (node input), ukufumana idata kwesinye isixhobo (iindawo zokuhlala I-MQTT ΠΈ UDP), ukuphelelwa kwexesha elichaziweyo (iindawo zokuhlala iiyure ΠΈ ukubambezeleka) kwaye nangokunjalo.
Zeziphi iziganeko? Ewe, ukuze unqume ukuba yeyiphi i-node entsha yedatha kwaye imimandla apho iinodi kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokumalunga nokufunyanwa kwedatha entsha. Umnyhadala, njengokuba kwakunjalo, "udlula" ecaleni kwekhonkco leendawo de udlule kuzo zonke iindawo ezifuna ukujongwa kwaye zitshintshwe.
Zonke iindawo zokuhlala zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini.
Masibize iindawo ezinokuvelisa iziganeko "iindawo ezisebenzayoΒ».
Siza kubiza iindawo ezingenakukwazi ukuvelisa iziganeko "iindawo zokwenziwaΒ».
Xa i-node ivelisa isiganeko (oko kukuthi, idatha entsha ibonakala kwimveliso yayo), ngoko kwimeko eqhelekileyo imeko yekhonkco yonke yeenodi eziqhagamshelwe kwisiphumo sotshintsho lwe-node generator.
Ukuyenza icace, qwalasela umzekelo kulo mfanekiso.
Iinowudi ezisebenzayo apha ziInput1, Input2 kunye neInput3. Iindawo ezishiyekileyo zisenziwa. Makhe siqwalasele okwenzekayo xa igalelo elinye okanye elinye livaliwe. Ukwenzela lula, iziphumo zishwankathelwa kwitheyibhile.
Njengoko ubona, xa isiganeko senzeka, ikhonkco lakhiwe ukusuka kwindawo yomthombo wesiganeko ukuya kwi-node yokugqibela. Imeko yaloo maqhuqhuva angaweli kwityathanga ayitshintshi.
Umbuzo ofanelekileyo uvela: kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iziganeko ezimbini okanye ezininzi zenzeka ngaxeshanye?
Njengomthandi womsebenzi kaGleb Anfilov, ndilingeka ukuba ndithumele umbuzo onomdla kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Escape from Surprise." Le "ithiyori yokunxibelelana kwabancinci", echaza kakuhle ukuba kuthetha ukuthini "ngaxeshanye" kunye nendlela yokuphila nayo.
Kodwa eneneni yonke into ilula kakhulu: xa iziganeko ezibini okanye ezininzi zisenzeka, onke amatyathanga avela kumthombo ngamnye wesiganeko akhiwa ngokulandelelana kwaye acutshungulwe ngokulandelelana, kwaye akukho mimangaliso yenzekayo.
Umbuzo olandelayo osemthethweni ovela kumfundi onomdla kukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ii-nodes zixhunyiwe kwindandatho? Okanye, njengoko besitsho phakathi kwaba bafana bakho abakrelekrele, ngenisa ingxelo. Oko kukuthi, qhagamshela imveliso enye yeenodi kwigalelo le-node yangaphambili ukwenzela ukuba imeko yemveliso yale node ichaphazele imeko yegalelo layo. Umhleli akayi kukuvumela ukuba udibanise ngokuthe ngqo imveliso ye-node kwigalelo layo. ElDraw. Kodwa ngokungathanga ngqo, njengakumfanekiso ongezantsi, oku kunokwenziwa.
Ngoko kuya kwenzeka ntoni kule meko? Impendulo iya kuba "eqinisekileyo" kakhulu: kuxhomekeke ekubeni zeziphi iindawo. Makhe sijonge umzekelo kulo mfanekiso.
Xa abafowunelwa begalelo le-Input1 bevuliwe, igalelo eliphezulu le-node A ngu-0. Imveliso ye-node A ikwangu-0. Ukukhutshwa kwe-node B ngu-1. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, igalelo elisezantsi le-node A ngu-1. Yonke into icacile. Kwaye abo bangacacanga, jonga apha ngezantsi inkcazo yendlela iinodi "KUNYE" kunye no "HAYI" zisebenza ngayo.
Ngoku sivala abafowunelwa begalelo le-Input1, oko kukuthi, sifaka enye kwigalelo eliphezulu le-node A. Abo baqhelene ne-elektroniki bayazi ukuba enyanisweni siya kufumana isekethe yejeneretha yakudala sisebenzisa izinto ezinengqondo. Kwaye ngokwethiyori, isekethe enjalo kufuneka ivelise ngokungapheliyo ulandelelwano 1-0-1-0-1-0β¦ kwimveliso yezinto A kunye no-B. kunye ne-0-1-0-1-0-1-β¦. Emva kwakho konke, isiganeko kufuneka sitshintshe rhoqo isimo se-nodes A kunye ne-B, siqhuba kwisangqa 2-3-2-3-...!
Kodwa enyanisweni oku akwenzeki. Isekethe iya kuwa kwimeko engacwangciswanga - okanye i-relay iya kuhlala ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe, okanye mhlawumbi i-buzz kancinane ivule kwaye icime amaxesha amaninzi ngokulandelelana. Konke kuxhomekeke kwimozulu kumazantsi e-Mars. Yiyo loo nto le nto isenzeka.
Isehlo esisuka kwindawo ethi Input1 sitshintsha isimo senowudi A, emva koko inodi B, njalo njalo kwisangqa amaxesha amaninzi. Inkqubo ibona "i-loop" yesiganeko kwaye imise ngenkani le carnival. Emva koku, utshintsho kwimo yee-nodes A kunye no-B zivaliwe de kwenzeke isiganeko esitsha. Umzuzu apho inkqubo ithatha isigqibo "yeka ukujikeleza kwizangqa!" - ngokubanzi, kuxhomekeke kwimiba emininzi kwaye inokuthathwa njenge-random.
Qaphela xa udibanisa amaqhina kwindandatho-imiphumo ayiyi kuhlala ibonakala! Yiba nombono olungileyo wokuba wenze ntoni kwaye kutheni!
Ngaba kusenokwenzeka ukwakha ijenereyitha kwiindawo ezifumanekayo kuthi? Ewe Unga! Kodwa oku kufuna i-node enokuvelisa imicimbi ngokwayo. Kwaye kukho indawo enjalo - lo "ngumgca wokulibazisa". Makhe sibone ukuba ijenereyitha enexesha lemizuzwana emi-6 isebenza njani kumzobo ongezantsi.
Into ephambili ye-generator yi-node A - umgca wokulibaziseka. Ukuba utshintshe imeko yegalelo lomgca wokulibaziseka ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-1, ngoko i-1 ayiyi kubonakala kwimveliso ngokukhawuleza, kodwa emva kwexesha elithile. Kwimeko yethu yimizuzwana emi-3. Ngendlela efanayo, ukuba utshintsha imeko yegalelo lomgca wokulibaziseka ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-0, ngoko i-0 kwimveliso iya kuvela emva kwemizuzwana emi-3 efanayo. Ixesha lokulibaziseka libekwe kwishumi lesibini. Oko kukuthi, ixabiso lama-30 lithetha imizuzwana emi-3.
Isici esikhethekileyo somgca wokulibazisa kukuba uvelisa isiganeko emva kokuba ixesha lokulibaziseka liphelile.
Masicinge ukuba ekuqaleni imveliso yomgca wokulibaziseka yayingu-0. Emva kokudlula i-node B - i-inverter - le 0 ijika ibe yi-1 kwaye iya kwigalelo lomgca wokulibazisa. Akukho nto yenzekayo kwangoko. Kwimveliso yomgca wokulibazisa, iya kuhlala ingu-0, kodwa ukubala kwexesha lokulibaziseka kuya kuqala. Kudlula imizuzwana emi-3. Kwaye ke umgca wokulibaziseka uvelisa isiganeko. Ekuphumeni kwayo kubonakala 1. Le yunithi, emva kokudlula kwi-node B - i-inverter - ijika ibe ngu-0 kwaye iya kwigalelo lomgca wokulibaziseka. Enye imizuzwana emi-3 idlula ... kwaye inkqubo iphinda. Oko kukuthi, yonke imizuzwana emi-3 imeko yesiphumo somgca wokulibaziseka sitshintsha ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-1 kwaye ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-0. Ijenereyitha iyasebenza. Ixesha le-pulse yimizuzwana ye-6 (imizuzwana emi-3 kwi-output zero kunye ne-3 imizuzwana kwi-output eyodwa).
Kodwa, kwiisekethe zangempela, akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa lo mzekelo. Kukho i-timer nodes ezikhethekileyo ezinceda ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye ngaphandle kwangaphandle ukuvelisa ulandelelwano lwee-pulses kunye nexesha elinikiweyo. Ubude bexesha elithi "zero" kunye "nomnye" kwezi pulses lilingana nesiqingatha sexesha.
Ukuseta iintshukumo zamaxesha athile, sebenzisa iinowudi zexesha.
Ndiyaqaphela ukuba iimpawu ezinjalo zedijithali, apho ixesha elithi "zero" kunye "nomnye" lilingana, libizwa ngokuthi "meander".
Ndiyathemba ukuba ndiwucacise kancinci umbuzo malunga nendlela iziganeko ezisasazwa ngayo phakathi kwee-nodes kwaye yintoni engafanele ukwenze?
Isiphelo kunye neembekiselo
Eli nqaku liye laba lifutshane, kodwa eli nqaku liyimpendulo kwimibuzo ethe yavela malunga nodi kunye neziganeko.
Njengoko i-firmware ikhula kwaye imizekelo emitsha ibonakala, ndiya kubhala malunga nendlela yokucwangcisa I-ShioTiny amanqaku amancinci okoko nje kuya kuba nomdla kubantu.
Njengangaphambili, umzobo, i-firmware, imizekelo, inkcazo yamacandelo kunye nayo yonke into .
Imibuzo, iingcebiso, ukugxekwa- yiya apha: [imeyile ikhuselwe]
umthombo: www.habr.com