Ixabisa malini iRunet "eyongamileyo"?

Kunzima ukubala ukuba zingaphi iikopi ezaphukileyo kwiingxabano malunga neyona projekthi yenethiwekhi yamabhongo yabasemagunyeni baseRashiya: i-intanethi eyongamileyo. Iimbaleki ezidumileyo, abezopolitiko, kunye neentloko zeenkampani ze-Intanethi bachaza izinto ezintle nezibi zabo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kunjalo, umthetho wasayinwa kwaye ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kwaqala. Kodwa iya kuba yintoni ixabiso lolawulo lweRunet?

Ukwenziwa komthetho

Inkqubo ye-Digital Economy, isicwangciso sokuphumeza imisebenzi kwicandelo loKhuseleko loLwazi kunye namanye amacandelo, yamkelwa kwi-2017. Ephakathi kwe-2018, inkqubo yaqala ukuguqulwa ibe yilizwe lonke, kunye namacandelo ayo kwiiprojekthi ze-federal.

NgoDisemba ka-2018, iisenenja u-Andrei Klishas kunye noLyudmila Bokova, kunye nosekela u-Andrei Lugovoi, bazisa umthetho oyilwayo "kwi-Intanethi eZimeleyo (elawulayo) kwi-State Duma. Iingcamango eziphambili zolu xwebhu zazilawulwa kwizinto eziphambili zeziseko ezingundoqo ze-Intanethi kunye nokufakwa okunyanzelekileyo ngababoneleli be-Intanethi bezixhobo ezizodwa ezilawulwa yiRoskomnadzor.

Kulindeleke ukuba ngoncedo lwesi sixhobo, i-Roskomnadzor iya kukwazi, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuzisa ulawulo oluphakathi lwamanethiwekhi onxibelelwano kunye nokuthintela ukufikelela kwiindawo ezinqatshelwe. Kucwangciswe ukuba iya kufakwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo kubaboneleli. Abanini bamajelo e-Intanethi anqumla imida, iindawo zokutshintshiselana nge-Intanethi, uthungelwano lonxibelelwano lobuchwepheshe, abaququzeleli bokusasazwa kolwazi kwi-Intanethi ngeenombolo zabo ze-AIS, kunye nabanye abanini beenombolo ze-AIS nabo baya kuba phantsi kolawulo.

Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi ka-2019, uMongameli watyikitya umthetho othi “Kwi-Intanethi enguMongami”. Nangona kunjalo, iBhunga lezoKhuseleko laseRussian Federation livume iindleko zokuphumeza la manyathelo nangaphambi kokuba i-bill ifakwe epalamente, ngo-Oktobha 2018. Ngaphezu koko, iBhunga lezoKhuseleko phantse amaxesha angama-5 landise iindleko zokuqinisekisa ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga needilesi kunye namanani. yeenkqubo ezizimeleyo kunye nokusebenza ngeendlela zobugcisa zokulawula amanethiwekhi onxibelelwano - ukusuka kwi-951 yezigidi zeeruble. ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4,5 yeebhiliyoni zeeruble.

Iza kusetyenziswa njani le mali?

RUB 480 yezigidi iya kufikelela ekudaleni ulwazi olusasaziweyo lolawulo lokhuseleko kunye nenkqubo yokubeka iliso njengenxalenye yophuhliso lwecandelo lombuso waseRashiya we-Intanethi ye-RSNet (enenjongo yokusebenzela ii-arhente zikarhulumente). RUB 240 yezigidi eyabelwe uphuhliso lwesoftware kunye nehardware eqinisekisa ukuqokelelwa kunye nokugcinwa kolwazi malunga needilesi, amanani eenkqubo ezizimeleyo kunye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwabo.

Enye i-ruble yezigidi ezingama-200. iya kuchithwa kuphuhliso lwesoftware kunye nehardware eqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo yegama lesizinda. 170 million rub. iya kwabelwa uphuhliso lwesoftware kunye nehardware ukujonga iindlela zokuhamba kwi-Intanethi kunye ne-145 yezigidi zeeruble. iya kuchithwa kuphuhliso lwesoftware kunye nehardware ebonelela ngokujongwa kunye nolawulo lothungelwano lonxibelelwano loluntu.

Yintoni enye ecetywayo

Ekupheleni kuka-Epreli ka-2019 urhulumente wamkela ummiselo kwiinkxaso-mali ezivela kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-federal ekudalweni nasekusebenzeni kweZiko lokuHlola kunye noLawulo lweNethiwekhi yoNxibelelwano loLuntu kunye nenkqubo yolwazi oluhambelanayo. Ngokwalo xwebhu, iRoskomnadzor ifumene ilungelo lokumisela umbutho oza kuthunyelwa kuyo inkxaso-mali.

Umbutho okhethwe nguRoskomnadzor, njengenxalenye yokudalwa kweZiko lokuJonga, kuya kufuneka wenze inani lemisebenzi:

• Phuhlisa isoftware kunye nehardware yokubeka iliso kwiindlela zokuhamba kwi-Intanethi;
• Ukuphuhlisa isoftware kunye nezixhobo zehardware zokubeka iliso nokulawula uthungelwano lonxibelelwano loluntu;
• Qinisekisa ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga needilesi, amanani eenkqubo ezizimeleyo kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwabo, iindlela zokuhamba kwi-Intanethi, kunye nokulawulwa kwesoftware kunye ne-hardware eqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweRunet;
• Qalisa iinkqubo zokucoca i-Intanethi xa abantwana besebenzisa i-Intanethi.

Kutshanje, urhulumente uyalele iRoskomnadzor ukuba isasaze inkxaso-mali ekudalweni kweZiko lezoNxibelelwano loNxibelelwano lokuHlola, ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo zokuqokelela ulwazi malunga neendlela ze-Intanethi, kunye nokudalwa "koluhlu olumhlophe" lokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ngabantwana.

Iindleko ezipheleleyo zamanyathelo okuphunyezwa apho i-Roskomnadzor iya kunika inkxaso-mali yi-4,96 yeebhiliyoni zeeruble. Nangona kunjalo, kuHlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluManyeneyo lwe-2019-2021. Kwi-Roskomnadzor, imali kuphela yabelwe ukudala iZiko lokuHlola kunye noLawulo lweeNethiwekhi zoNxibelelwano loLuntu kwisixa se-ruble eyi-1,82 yebhiliyoni. Isicwangciso senkcitho ngokubanzi sokhuseleko lwedijithali kunye neeprojekthi ezinxulumene nazo zinikezelwe infographic.

umthombo: www.habr.com