I-MIT iphuhlise uyilo lweprosesa entsha yefotonic. Iyakwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kothungelwano lwe-optical neural amaxesha aliwaka xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ezifanayo.
I-chip iya kunciphisa umthamo wombane osetyenziswe liziko ledatha. Siza kukuxelela ukuba isebenza njani.
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Kutheni sifuna i-architecture entsha?
Iinethiwekhi ze-Optical neural zikhawuleza kunezisombululo zemveli ezisebenzisa izinto ze-elektroniki. Ukukhanya Ukwahlukaniswa kweendlela zomqondiso, kunye nemilambo ye-laser iyakwazi ukudlula enye kwenye ngaphandle kwempembelelo efanayo. Ngale ndlela, zonke iindlela zokubonisa zingasebenza ngaxeshanye, zivumela amazinga aphezulu okudlulisa idatha.
Kodwa kukho ingxaki - inkulu inethiwekhi ye-neural, idla amandla amaninzi. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, iitshiphusi ze-accelerator ezikhethekileyo (i-AI accelerators) ziyaphuhliswa ezenza ugqithiso lwedatha. Nangona kunjalo, azikhuli kakuhle njengoko besiya kuthanda.
Ingxaki yokusebenza kwamandla kunye nokulinganisa kwee-chips optical yasonjululwa kwi-MIT kunye uyilo olutsha lwe-photonic accelerator olunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwesixhobo ngamaxesha aliwaka kwaye lusebenza ngamashumi ezigidi ze-neuron. Abaphuhlisi bathi kwixesha elizayo iteknoloji iya kufumana isicelo kumaziko edatha asebenzisana neenkqubo ezihlakaniphile ezihlakaniphile kunye ne-algorithms yokufunda koomatshini, kunye nokuhlalutya idatha enkulu.
Ingaba unjani?
I-chip entsha yakhiwe kwisiseko sesekethe ye-optoelectronic. Idatha egqithisiweyo isafakwe ngekhowudi kunye nemiqondiso ye-optical, kodwa ukufunyanwa kwe-homodyne elinganayo isetyenziselwa ukuphindaphinda kwe-matrix (). Le yindlela evumela ukuba uvelise umqondiso wombane ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezimbini ezibonakalayo.
Indlela enye yokubonisa isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa i-pulses yokukhanya ngolwazi malunga ne-input ne-output neurons. Idatha kwimilinganiselo ye-neurons, ngokuchaseneyo, iza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Bonke "bahlukana" kwiinqununu zegridi ye-homodyne photodetectors, ebala ixabiso lemveliso ye-neuron nganye (imisela inqanaba lesignali). Olu lwazi luthunyelwa kwimodyuli, eguqula umqondiso wombane ubuyele kwi-optical. Emva koko, ithunyelwa kuluhlu olulandelayo lwenethiwekhi ye-neural kwaye inkqubo iyaphindwa.
Kumsebenzi wabo wesayensi, iinjineli ezivela kwiMIT umzobo olandelayo womaleko omnye:
Umfanekiso: / CC BY
Ulwakhiwo olutsha lwe-AI lwe-accelerator lufuna igalelo elinye kunye nejelo eliphumayo kwi-neuron nganye. Ngenxa yoko, inani le-photodetectors lilingana nenani le-neurons, kunokuba i-coefficients yabo yokulinganisa.
Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ugcine indawo kwi-chip, ukwandisa inani leendlela zesignali eziluncedo kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ngoku iinjineli ezivela kwiMIT zenza iprototype eya kuvavanya amandla oyilo olutsha ekusebenzeni.
Ngubani omnye ophuhlisa iitshiphusi zefotonic?
Uphuhliso lweteknoloji efanayo I-Lightelligence sisiqalo esincinci esiseBoston. Abasebenzi benkampani bathi i-AI yabo ye-accelerator iya kuvumela ukusombulula iingxaki zokufunda koomatshini ngamakhulu amaxesha ngokukhawuleza kunezixhobo zakudala. Kunyaka ophelileyo, iqela laligqibezela ukwenza iprototype yesixhobo sabo kwaye lilungiselela ukwenza iimvavanyo.
Isebenza kwintsimi yeetshiphusi zefoto kunye neCisco. Ekuqaleni konyaka inkampani yazisa i-Luxtera, eyila iitshiphusi zefoto kumaziko edatha. Ngokukodwa, inkampani ivelisa ujongano lwehardware ekuvumela ukuba uqhagamshele i-fiber optics ngokuthe ngqo kwiiseva. Le ndlela yokwandisa umthamo womnatha kwaye ikhawulezisa ukudluliselwa kwedatha. Izixhobo ze-Luxtera zisebenzisa i-laser ezikhethekileyo ukubethelela ulwazi kunye ne-germanium photodetectors ukuyikhupha.
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Ezinye iinkampani ezinkulu ze-IT, ezifana ne-Intel, zikwabandakanyeka kubuchwephesha be-optical. Emuva kwi-2016, baqala ukuvelisa ii-chips zabo ze-optical ezenza ukuhanjiswa kwedatha phakathi kwamaziko edatha. Kutshanje, abameli bombutho ukuba baceba ukuphumeza ezi teknoloji ngaphandle kwamaziko edatha - kwiilida zeemoto eziziqhubayo.
Yintoni ekupheleni
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iteknoloji yefotonic ayinakubizwa ngokuba sisisombululo sendalo yonke. Ukuphunyezwa kwazo kufuna iindleko ezinkulu zokuxhotyiswa kwakhona kwezobugcisa kumaziko edatha. Kodwa uphuhliso olufana nolo luphuhliswayo eMIT nakweminye imibutho luya kwenza iitshiphusi zamehlo zingabizi kakhulu kwaye ziya kuzivumela kakhulu ukuba zinyuswe kwimakethi enkulu yezixhobo zeziko ledatha.
Singaphakathi Sinceda iinkampani ukuba ziphuhlise iziseko ze-IT kwaye zibonelele ngeenkonzo zabucala kunye ne-hybrid cloud cloud. Yile nto sibhala ngayo kwibhlog yethu yeshishini:
umthombo: www.habr.com