Intshayelelo
Utshintsho lwedijithali lubandakanya ngakumbi nangakumbi iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi kunye neshishini minyaka le. Ukuba ishishini lifuna ukukhuphisana, iindawo zolwazi eziqhelekileyo azisekho ngokwaneleyo, izicelo zeselula kunye newebhu ziyafuneka ukuba zingaboneleli kuphela abasebenzisi ngolwazi, kodwa zivumela ukuba benze imisebenzi ethile: ukufumana okanye uku-oda iimpahla kunye neenkonzo, ukubonelela ngezixhobo.
Ngokomzekelo, akusanele ukuba iibhanki zanamhlanje zibe newebhusayithi enolwazi; kufuneka babe nezixhobo ze-intanethi kubathengi babo, i-akhawunti yobuqu apho umsebenzisi anokulawula ii-akhawunti, utyalo-mali kunye nemali-mboleko. Namashishini amancinci adinga izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokwandisa ukuguqulwa, njengokwenza idinga kunye nogqirha okanye umlungisi weenwele, okanye ukubhukisha itafile kwindawo yokutyela okanye indawo yokudlala yabantwana kwitheko lokuzalwa.
Kwaye abanini ngokwabo kufuneka bafumane ulwazi olusexesheni ngendlela efanelekileyo kwimeko yenkampani yabo, umzekelo, ukuqokelela idatha yezibalo kunye nohlalutyo lwamasebe ahlukeneyo okuvelisa, okanye ukuveliswa kwamasebe. Rhoqo, isebe ngalinye liqokelela le datha ngendlela yalo, kwaye linokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwaye umnini kufuneka achithe ixesha elininzi lobuqu ukuze aqonde konke oku, ngokungathanga ngqo okanye ngokuthe ngqo oku kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkampani kwaye ekugqibeleni inzuzo. Ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kunye newebhu okanye uphuhliso lwesicelo seselula nako kuya kunceda apha.
Ubuchwephesha abumi ngxi kwaye buhlala buguquka, kwaye into eyayisetyenziswa kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo isenokungasasebenzi namhlanje, okanye into ebingenakwenziwa kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo sele iyinyani. Kukho izixhobo zale mihla ezikunceda wenze iwebhu kunye nezicelo zeselfowuni ngokukhawuleza nangcono. Ngokusekwe kuqwalaselo lobuqu kunye namava, ndifuna ukwabelana ngombono wam wokuba zeziphi itekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo eziya kuba yimfuneko kwixesha elizayo kwaye kutheni kufuneka uzihoye xa usenza usetyenziso lwewebhu lwangoku.
Isicelo sephepha elinye
Masichaze isigama kancinci. Isicelo sephepha elinye (SPA) sisicelo sewebhu esinamalungu alayishwa kube kanye kwiphepha elinye, kwaye umxholo ulayishwa njengoko kufuneka. Kwaye xa uhamba phakathi kwamacandelo esicelo, iphepha alilayishi kwakhona ngokupheleleyo, kodwa lilayisha kuphela kwaye libonisa idatha efunekayo.
Usetyenziso lwephepha elinye luxhamla kakhulu kwizicelo zewebhu zakudala ngokwesantya kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa. Ngoncedo lwe-SPA, unokufezekisa umphumo wewebhusayithi esebenza njengesicelo kwi-desktop, ngaphandle kokuqalisa kwakhona kunye nokulibaziseka okukhulu.
Ukuba kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo usetyenziso lwephepha elinye aluzange luxhase ukwenziwa kwe-injini yokukhangela kwaye bezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iiakhawunti zobuqu kunye neepaneli zolawulo, namhlanje ukwenza usetyenziso lwephepha elinye ngenkxaso epheleleyo yosetyenziso lwe-injini yokukhangela (SEO) ibe lula kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa usetyenziso lwephepha elinye elinikezelwe ngumncedisi namhlanje, le ngxaki iye yanyamalala ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amazwi, esi sisicelo sephepha elinye, kodwa kwisicelo sokuqala, umncedisi akavelisi nje idatha, kodwa wenza iphepha le HTML elilungele ukuboniswa kunye neenjini zokukhangela zifumana amaphepha enziwe sele elungile ngalo lonke ulwazi lwemeta kunye nophawu lwesemantic. .
Ngokuphuhliswa kwezixhobo zokwenza izicelo zewebhu zecala lomxhasi, uphuhliso kunye nokutshintshwa kwezicelo zephepha elinye kuya kukhula kuphela kule minyaka kunye nelandelayo. Ukuba unesicelo esidala esiphelelwe lixesha kwaye sisebenza ngokucothayo, kunye nokulayishwa kwakhona kwephepha elipheleleyo xa utshintshela phakathi kwamacandelo, ke kulo nyaka ungaphucula ngokukhuselekileyo kwisicelo sephepha elinye - ngoku lixesha elifanelekileyo, itekhnoloji sele ikuvumela. ukwenza oku ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.
Ukuba newebhusayithi yanamhlanje kwaye ekhawulezayo kuhle kakhulu, kodwa mandikuxelele ngokunyanisekileyo: ayizizo zonke izicelo ezinokuguqulwa ngokulula kwizicelo zephepha elinye, kwaye utshintsho lunokubiza! Ngoko ke, kufuneka uqonde ukuba ngubani ofuna utshintsho olunjalo kwaye kutheni.
Ukukunceda uqonde, kwitheyibhile engezantsi ndiya kunika imizekelo xa uphuhlisa okanye utshintshela kwi-SPA ifanelekile kwaye ifanelekile, kwaye xa ingekho.
KUNYE
Ukuba ufuna ukwenza usetyenziso lwangoku, olukhawulezayo kwaye ufuna ukusebenzisa kungekuphela nje inguqulelo yewebhu, kodwa kunye neselfowuni okanye inguqulelo yedesktop, kwaye zonke iinkqubo kunye nokubala zenzeka kwindawo ekude okanye kwiseva yelifu. Ngaphezu koko, ukuze bonke abaxumi babe nojongano olulodwa lokusebenzisana kwaye akukho mfuneko yokwenza konke ukuhlelwa kwikhowudi yomncedisi xa udibanisa umxhasi omtsha.
Umzekelo: inethiwekhi yoluntu, i-aggregators, iiplatifomu ze-SaaS (isoftware njengenkonzo yefu), iimarike
Ukuba unevenkile okanye inkonzo yewebhu, uyazi ukuba iyacotha kwaye abantu bayahamba, ufuna ukuyenza ngokukhawuleza, uyaliqonda ixabiso labathengi kwaye ulungele ukuhlawula ngaphezu kwesigidi seeruble zokuphucula.
Unesicelo esiphathwayo esisebenzisa i-API yesayithi, kodwa isayithi iyacotha kwaye inokulayisha kwakhona umxholo xa ushukuma phakathi kwamaphepha.
NGOKUCHASANAYO
Ukuba abaphulaphuli ojolise kubo abasebenzisi iibrowser zale mihla kunye nezixhobo.
Umzekelo: iindawo ezithile zeenkampani, ezifana nokuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zangaphakathi kwiibhanki, amaziko ezonyango kunye nemfundo.
Uqhuba imisebenzi yakho ephambili ungaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kwaye awukakulungeli ukubonelela naziphi na iinkonzo kwi-intanethi, kwaye kufuneka nje utsale abathengi.
Ukuba unevenkile ye-intanethi okanye inkonzo yewebhu esele ithengisa kakuhle, awuboni ukuphuma kwabathengi okanye izikhalazo
Ukuba unesicelo esisebenzayo esingenakulungiselelwa i-SPA kwaye kufuneka nje ubhale yonke into ukusuka ekuqaleni kwaye usebenzise obunye ubuchwephesha, kwaye awukakulungeli ukuchitha izigidi ezininzi kule nto.
Umzekelo: Kukho indawo enebhokisi okanye uhlobo oluthile lwekhowudi yamandulo ebhalwe ekhaya, i-monolithic.
Usetyenziso lweWebhu oluqhubela phambili
Izicelo zeWebhu eziqhubela phambili ziyimveliso yenguqu edibeneyo yesicelo somthonyama kunye newebhusayithi. Ngokusisiseko, esi sisicelo sewebhu esijongeka kwaye siziphathe njengesicelo sokwenyani sasekhaya, sinokufumana izaziso zokutyhala, sisebenze kwimowudi engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, njl. Kule meko, umsebenzisi akadingi kukhuphela usetyenziso kwiAppStore okanye kuGoogle Play, kodwa gcina nje kwidesktop.
Njengetekhnoloji okanye indlela yophuhliso, i-PWA iphuhlile ukusukela ngo-2015, kwaye isandula ukufumana ukuthandwa okukhulu kwibala le-e-commerce.
Eminye imizekelo yobomi bokwenyani:
- kunyaka ophelileyo, ihotele i-Best Western River North yakwazi ukunyusa ingeniso nge-300% emva kokusungula iwebhusayithi entsha ye-PWA;
- I-Arabic Avito OpenSooq.com, emva kokudala inkxaso ye-PWA kwiwebhusayithi yayo, yakwazi ukwandisa ixesha lokutyelela indawo nge-25% kunye nenani leenkokheli ze-260%;
- inkonzo edumileyo yokuthandana i-Tinder yakwazi ukunciphisa isantya sokulayisha ukusuka kwi-11.91 ukuya kwi-4.69s ngokuphuhlisa i-PWA; ngaphezu koko, isicelo sinobunzima obungama-90% ngaphantsi komlingani wakhe we-Android.
Inyaniso yokuba kufanelekile ukunikela ingqalelo kule teknoloji iphinda ibonakaliswe yinto yokuba enye yeenjini ezinkulu zokudala iiprojekthi ze-e-commerce, iMagento, iqalise inguqu yokuqala yophuhliso lwe-PWA Studio kwi-2018. Iqonga likuvumela ukuba wenze i-React-based frontend ngaphandle kwebhokisi yezisombululo zakho ze-e-commerce ngenkxaso ye-PWA.
Ingcebiso kwabo sele beneprojekthi ye-Intanethi okanye imbono nje yenkonzo entsha kunye nenkxaso yezixhobo eziphathwayo: musa ukukhawuleza ukubhala isicelo esipheleleyo semveli, kodwa jonga kuqala kwitekhnoloji ye-PWA. Oku kunokuba lelona xabiso lilungileyo kwisisombululo semali kwimveliso yakho.
Kancinci ngokuziqhelanisa. Ukwenza usetyenziso olulula lweendaba eziphathwayo, ngaphandle kokuba sele unayo iseva ye-REST esele yenziwe, udinga malunga neeyure ezingama-200-300 zabantu kwiqonga ngalinye. Ngomlinganiselo wexabiso lemarike yeyure yophuhliso i-1500-2000 ruble / iyure, isicelo sinokubiza malunga ne-1 yezigidi zeeruble. Ukuba uphuhlisa usetyenziso lwewebhu ngenkxaso epheleleyo ye-PWA: izaziso zokutyhala, imowudi engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kunye nezinye izinto ezilungileyo, ngoko uphuhliso luya kuthatha iiyure ze-200-300 zabantu, kodwa imveliso iya kufumaneka ngokukhawuleza kuwo onke amaqonga. Oko kukuthi, ukonga malunga namaxesha ama-2, singasathethi ke ngenyani yokuba awuyi kuhlawula umrhumo wokubekwa kwiivenkile zesicelo.
Iseva
Le yenye indlela yangoku yophuhliso. Ngenxa yegama, abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba olu luphuhliso olungenasiphelo ngokwenene, akukho mfuneko yokubhala ikhowudi yokubuyela emva, kwaye nawuphi na umphuhlisi ongaphambili unokudala usetyenziso lwewebhu olupheleleyo. Kodwa asiyonyaniso leyo!
Xa udala i-Serverless application, usafuna iseva kunye nedathabheyisi. Umahluko omkhulu wale ndlela kukuba ikhowudi yomva-mva inikezelwa ngendlela yemisebenzi yefu (elinye igama le-serverless yi-FaaS, imisebenzi njengenkonzo okanye i-Functions-as-a-Service) kwaye ivumela isicelo ukuba silinganise ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokulula. Xa usenza isicelo esinjalo, umphuhlisi unokugxila kwiingxaki zoshishino kwaye angacingi malunga nokulinganisa kunye nokusekwa kweziseko zophuhliso, ezithi emva koko zikhawuleze uphuhliso lwesicelo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zayo. Ngaphezu koko, indlela ye-Serverless iya kukunceda ugcine kwirenti yeseva, kuba isebenzisa izibonelelo ezininzi njengoko zifunekayo ukugqiba umsebenzi, kwaye ukuba akukho mthwalo, ixesha lomncedisi alisetyenziswanga konke kwaye alihlawulwanga.
Ngokomzekelo, inkampani enkulu yeendaba zaseMelika iBustle yakwazi ukunciphisa iindleko zokubamba ngaphezu kwe-60% xa utshintshela kwi-Serverless. Kwaye inkampani yeCoca-Cola, xa iphuhlisa inkqubo ezenzekelayo yokuthengisa iziselo ngokusebenzisa oomatshini bokuthengisa, yakwazi ukunciphisa iindleko zokubamba ukusuka kwi-$ 13000 ukuya kwi-$ 4500 ngonyaka ngokutshintshela kwi-Serverless.
Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, ngenxa yobutsha kunye nokunciphisa kwayo, i-Serverless isetyenziselwe iiprojekthi ezincinci, ukuqala kunye ne-MVPs, kodwa namhlanje, ngenxa yokuvela kwesofthiwe, ubuninzi kunye namandla okugcinwa kwe-server, izixhobo ziyavela. ikuvumela ukuba ususe izithintelo, wenze lula kwaye ukhawulezise uphuhliso lwezicelo zamafu.
Oku kuthetha ukuba iimeko zeshishini apho uphuculo lwamafu belujongiwe njengento engenakwenzeka ngaphambili (umzekelo, izixhobo ezisekupheleni, idatha yokuhamba, okanye usetyenziso oluqinisekileyo) ngoku ziyinyani. Izixhobo ezilungileyo ezibonisa izithembiso ezininzi ze-kNative kunye ne-Serverless Enterprise.
Kodwa ngaphandle kwayo yonke le nto, i-Serverless ayiyombumbulu yesilivere yophuhliso lwesicelo sewebhu. Njengayo nayiphi na enye iteknoloji, ineenzuzo kunye nokungona kwayo, kwaye kufuneka ukhethe esi sixhobo ngokuqonda, kwaye "kungekhona izikhonkwane zesando nge-microscope" ngenxa yokuba iteknoloji iqhubela phambili.
Ukukunceda ukuba uyiqonde, nantsi eminye imizekelo yaxa unokufuna ukuqwalasela i-Serverless xa usenza entsha okanye uphucula inkonzo yangoku yewebhu:
- Xa umthwalo kumncedisi ngamaxesha kwaye uhlawulela umthamo ongasebenziyo. Ngokomzekelo, sasinomthengi onothungelwano loomatshini bekofu kwaye kwakuyimfuneko ukucubungula izicelo kunye nokuqokelela izibalo kuphela amakhulu ambalwa okanye amawaka amaxesha ngosuku, kwaye ebusuku inani lezicelo liye lahla ukuya kwishumi elinesibini. Kule meko, kusebenza kakuhle kakhulu ukuhlawula kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwangempela kwezibonelelo, ngoko ke sicebise kwaye siphumeze isisombululo kwi-Serverless;
- Ukuba awucwangcisi ukuntywila kwiinkcukacha zobuchwepheshe zeziseko zophuhliso kunye nokuhlawula ngaphezulu kokuseta kunye nokugcina iiseva kunye ne-balancer. Ngokomzekelo, xa uphuhlisa indawo yokuthengisa, awukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba i-traffic iya kuba yintoni, okanye ngokuphambene - uceba i-traffic eninzi kwaye ukuze isicelo sakho siqiniseke ukumelana nomthwalo, ngoko i-Serverless lukhetho oluhle kakhulu.
- Ukuba ufuna ukwenza imisitho ethile yostrimisho kwisicelo esingundoqo, bhala idata esecaleni kwiitafile, yenza izibalo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuqokelela idatha yokuhlalutya yezenzo zabasebenzisi, ukusetyenzwa ngendlela ethile kwaye uyigcine kwisiseko sedatha;
- Ukuba ufuna ukwenza lula, ukudibanisa okanye ukukhawulezisa ukusebenza kwangoku kwesicelo. Ngokomzekelo, yenza iinkonzo zokuphucula ukusebenza ngokusebenza ngemifanekiso okanye iividiyo, xa umsebenzisi elayisha ividiyo efini, kunye nomsebenzi ohlukeneyo ophethe i-transcoding, ngelixa umncedisi oyintloko uqhubeka nokusebenza njengesiqhelo.
Ukuba ufuna ukucubungula imicimbi evela kwiinkonzo zomntu wesithathu. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokuphendula kwiinkqubo zokuhlawula, okanye uqondise kwakhona idatha yomsebenzisi kwiCRM ukukhawulezisa ukusetyenzwa kwezicelo ezivela kubathengi abanokubakho.
Ukuba unesicelo esikhulu kwaye ezinye iinxalenye zesicelo zinokuphunyezwa ngokugqibeleleyo ngakumbi usebenzisa ulwimi olwahlukileyo kolona luphambili. Umzekelo, uneprojekthi kwiJava kwaye kufuneka ungeze umsebenzi omtsha, kodwa awunazo izandla ezikhululekileyo, okanye ukuphunyezwa ngolwimi olunikiweyo kunokuthatha ixesha elide kwaye sele kukho isisombululo ngolunye ulwimi, emva koko i-Serverless inokunceda. nale nto.
Olu ayiloluhlu luphela lwezixhobo kunye netekhnoloji efanele ukuhoywa; Ndabelane ngezinto esizisebenzisayo mihla le emsebenzini wethu kwaye ndazi kakuhle ukuba banokulinceda njani ishishini.
umthombo: www.habr.com