Namhlanje siza kujonga ukusebenza kweLayer 2 EtherChannel channel aggregation protocol for layer 2 yemodeli yeOSI. Le protocol ayohlukanga kakhulu kuLuhlu 3 lomthetho, kodwa phambi kokuba singene kwiLayer 3 EtherChannel, kufuneka ndazise iikhonsepthi ezimbalwa ukuze sifike kuLuhlu 1.5 kamva. Siyaqhubeka nokulandela ishedyuli yekhosi ye-CCNA, ngoko ke namhlanje siza kugubungela icandelo 2, Ukucwangcisa, ukuVavanya, kunye neNgxaki ye-3/1.5 EtherChannel, kunye namacandelwana 1.5a, Static EtherChannel, 1.5b, PAGP, kunye ne-XNUMXc, IEEE -LACP Open Standard.
Ngaphambi kokuba sihambe phambili, kufuneka siqonde ukuba yintoni i-EtherChannel. Makhe sicinge ukuba sinokutshintsha uA kwaye sitshintshe u-B ngokudityaniswa kakhulu ngemigca emithathu yonxibelelwano. Ukuba usebenzisa i-STP, imigca emibini eyongezelelweyo iya kuvalwa ngengqiqo ukuthintela iilophu.
Masithi sinezibuko ze-FastEthernet ezibonelela nge-100 Mbps traffic, ngoko ke i-throughput iyonke yi-3 x 100 = 300 Mbps. Sishiya umjelo omnye wonxibelelwano, ngenxa yokuba iya kuhla kwi-100 Mbit / s, oko kukuthi, kulo mzekelo, i-STP iya kubi nakakhulu iimpawu zenethiwekhi. Ukongeza, iitshaneli ezi-2 ezongezelelweyo ziya kuba lilize.
Ukuthintela oku, i-KALPANA, inkampani eyenza i-Cisco Catalist switches kwaye kamva yathengwa yiCisco, yavelisa iteknoloji ebizwa ngokuba yi-EtherChannel kwi-1990.
Kwimeko yethu, le teknoloji ijika iziteshi ezintathu zonxibelelwano ezihlukeneyo zibe ngumjelo omnye onengqiqo kunye nomthamo we-300 Mbit / s.
Imodi yokuqala yetekhnoloji ye-EtherChannel yi-manual, okanye i-static mode. Kule meko, utshintsho aluyi kwenza nantoni na phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko yokuhambisa, kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba zonke izicwangciso zencwadana yeeparitha zokusebenza zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ijelo livula nje kwaye lisebenze, lithembe ngokupheleleyo useto lomlawuli wenethiwekhi.
Imo yesibini yiCisco PAGP yonxulumano lonxulumano protocol, eyesithathu i IEEE umgangatho LACP link aggregation protocol.
Ukuze ezi ndlela zisebenze, i-EtherChannel kufuneka yenziwe ifumaneke. Inguqulelo engatshintshiyo yale protocol ilula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa: kufuneka uye kwisetingi yojongano lokutshintsha kwaye ufake i-channel-group 1 yomyalelo wemowudi.
Ukuba sitshintshe i-A kunye ne-interfaces ezimbini ze-f0/1 kunye ne-f0/2, kufuneka singene kwizicwangciso zezibuko ngalinye kwaye singenise lo myalelo, kwaye inombolo yeqela le-EtherChannel interface ingaba nexabiso ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya ku-6, into ephambili kukuba. eli xabiso liyafana kuwo onke amazibuko otshintsho. Ukongeza, amazibuko kufuneka asebenze ngeendlela ezifanayo: zombini kwimowudi yofikelelo okanye zombini kwimowudi yesiqu kwaye ibe neVLAN efanayo okanye iVLAN evunyelweyo.
I-EtherChannel aggregation iya kusebenza kuphela ukuba iqela lamajelo liquka ujongano oluqwalaselwe ngokufanayo.
Masiqhagamshele iswitshi A kunye nemigca emibini yonxibelelwano ukutshintshela u-B, nayo eneendlela ezimbini zojongano f0/1 kunye nof0/2. Olu jongano lwenza olwalo iqela. Unokuziqwalasela ukuba zisebenze kwi-EtherChannel usebenzisa umyalelo ofanayo, kwaye inombolo yeqela ayinandaba, ekubeni ibekwe kwindawo yokutshintsha kwendawo. Ungakhetha eli qela njengenombolo 1, kwaye yonke into iya kusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula - ukuba omabini amajelo asebenze ngaphandle kweengxaki, zonke iindawo zokujongana kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokufanayo, kwindlela efanayo - ukufikelela okanye i-trunk. Emva kokuba uye kwiisethingi zombini ujongano lokutshintsha A kunye nokutshintsha B kwaye ufake imowudi yeqela le-1 ngomyalelo, ukuhlanganiswa kweziteshi ze-EtherChannel kuya kugqitywa.
Zombini ujongano olubonakalayo lotshintsho ngalunye luya kusebenza njengojongano olunye olunengqiqo. Ukuba sijonga iiparameters ze-STP, siya kubona ukuba utshintsho A luya kubonisa ujongano olulodwa oluqhelekileyo, oluhlanganiswe ukusuka kumazibuko amabini omzimba.
Masidlulele kwi-PAGP, i-port aggregation protocol ephuhliswe yi-Cisco.
Makhe sicinge umfanekiso ofanayo - iiswitshi ezimbini A kunye no-B, nganye ine-interfaces f0/1 kunye ne-f0/2, edityaniswe yimigca emibini yonxibelelwano. Ukwenza i-PAGP, sebenzisa ijelo lomyalelo elinye-iqela lemowudi eneparameters . Kwimowudi engatshintshiyo yesandla, ungenisa ngokulula imowudi yetshaneli-iqela kumyalelo kulo lonke ujongano, kwaye udibaniso luqala ukusebenza apha kufuneka uchaze enqwenelekayo okanye iparamitha ezenzekelayo. Ukuba ungenisa umyalelo wendlela yeqela-iqela eli-1 ngophawu, inkqubo iya kubonisa isilumkiso esineparameter iinketho: kwi, enqwenelekayo, ezenzekelayo, esebenzayo, esebenzayo.
Ukuba ufaka ijelo elinye-iqela le-1 imowudi enqwenelekayo kuzo zombini iziphelo zomgca wonxibelelwano, imowudi ye-EtherChannel iya kwenziwa. Kuya kwenzeka into efanayo ukuba kwelinye icala lomjelo ujongano luqwalaselwe kunye nejelo-iqela le-1 imowudi enqwenelekayo, kwaye kwelinye icala kunye nejelo-iqela le-1 imo yomyalelo we-auto.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ujongano kuzo zombini iziphelo zekhonkco luqwalaselwe ngokuzenzekelayo ngeqela-iqela le-1 imo yomyalelo we-auto, ukuhlanganiswa kwekhonkco akuyi kwenzeka. Ngoko ke, khumbula - ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa i-EtherChannel phezu kwe-PAGP protocol, i-interfaces ubuncinane enye yamaqela kufuneka ibe kwimeko enqwenelekayo.
Xa usebenzisa iprothokholi ye-LACP evulekileyo yokuhlanganiswa kwetshaneli, ijelo elinye-iqela elinye lomyalelo wemowudi eneparameters isetyenziswa. .
Ukuhlanganiswa okunokwenzeka kwezicwangciso kumacala omabini amajelo alandelayo: ukuba i-interfaces iqwalaselwe kwimodi esebenzayo okanye elinye icala ukuba lisebenze kwaye elinye libe li-passive, imodi ye-EtherChannel iya kusebenza; ukudibanisa akuyi kwenzeka. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuze uququzelele ukuhlanganiswa kwesiteshi usebenzisa i-LACP protocol, ubuncinane elinye lamaqela ojongano kufuneka libe kwimeko esebenzayo.
Makhe sizame ukuphendula umbuzo: ukuba sineenguqu ze-A kunye ne-B ezixhunywe yimigca yonxibelelwano, kwaye i-interfaces yokutshintsha enye ikwimeko esebenzayo, kwaye enye i-auto okanye imeko enqwenelekayo, ngaba i-EtherChannel iya kusebenza?
Hayi, ayiyi kuba, kuba inethwekhi kufuneka isebenzise iprotocol efanayo - nokuba yi-PAGP okanye i-LACP, kuba ayihambelani.
Makhe sijonge imiyalelo emininzi esetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa i-EtherChannel. Okokuqala, kufuneka unikeze inombolo yeqela, inokuba nantoni na. Kumyalelo wokuqala wetshaneli-iqela lemowudi e-1, ungakhetha iiparamitha ezi-5 njengokhetho: kwi, enqwenelekayo, ezenzekelayo, esenziwayo okanye esebenzayo.
Kwi-interface subcommands sisebenzisa igama elingundoqo leqela letshaneli, kodwa ukuba, umzekelo, ufuna ukukhankanya ulungelelwaniso lomthwalo, igama elithi port-channel liyasetyenziswa. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni ukulinganisa umthwalo.
Masithi sitshintshe A kunye namazibuko amabini, adityaniswe kumazibuko ahambelanayo okutshintsha B. Iikhompyuter ezintathu ziqhagamshelwe ukutshintshela i-B - 3, kunye nekhompyuter enye No. 1,2,3 iqhagamshelwe ukutshintshela A.
Xa itrafikhi isuka kwikhompyuter #4 ukuya kwikhompyuter #1, tshintsha u-A uya kuqalisa ukuhambisa iipakethi kuwo omabini amakhonkco. Indlela yokulinganisa umthwalo isebenzisa i-hashing yedilesi ye-MAC yomthumeli ukuze zonke izithuthi ezivela kwikhompyuter yesine zihambe ngesinye kuphela sekhonkco ezimbini. Ukuba sidibanisa ikhompyutheni yeNombolo ye-5 ukutshintsha i-A, ngenxa yokulinganisa ukulinganisa, i-traffic yale khompyutha iya kuhamba kuphela kunye nomgca wonxibelelwano ophantsi.
Nangona kunjalo, oku akuyomeko eqhelekileyo. Masithi sine-intanethi yelifu kunye nesixhobo esiqhagamshelwe kuso utshintsho A oluneekhompyuter ezintathu. I-intanethi ye-intanethi iya kubhekiswa kwi-switch kunye nedilesi ye-MAC yesi sixhobo, oko kukuthi, kunye nedilesi ye-port ethile, kuba esi sixhobo sisango. Ke, zonke iitrafikhi eziphumayo ziya kuba nedilesi ye-MAC yesi sixhobo.
Ukuba phambi kokutshintshwa kwe-A sibeka i-switch B, exhunywe kuyo ngemigca emithathu yonxibelelwano, ngoko yonke i-traffic ye-switch ye-B kwicala lokutshintsha i-A iya kuhamba enye yemigca, engahambelani neenjongo zethu. Ngoko ke, kufuneka sibeke iiparamitha zokulinganisa kolu tshintsho.
Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa i-port-channel load-balance balance, apho idilesi ye-IP yendawo isetyenziswa njenge parameter yokukhetha. Ukuba le idilesi yekhompyutheni yeNombolo ye-1, i-traffic iya kuhamba ngomgca wokuqala, ukuba i-No.
Ukwenza oku, umyalelo usebenzisa i-port-channel igama elingundoqo kwimo yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Ukuba ufuna ukubona ukuba zeziphi iikhonkco ezibandakanyekayo kwitshaneli kwaye zeziphi iiprothokholi ezisetyenzisiweyo, ngoko kwimo enelungelo kufuneka ufake umyalelo wesishwankathelo se-etherchannel. Ungajonga useto lolungelelwaniso lomthwalo usebenzisa umboniso we-etherchannel yomyalelo wokulinganisa umthwalo.
Ngoku makhe sijonge kuyo yonke le nto kwiPacket Tracer program. Sinezitshintshi ezi-2 ezidityaniswe ngamakhonkco amabini. I-STP iya kuqalisa ukusebenza kwaye enye ye-4 izibuko iya kuvalwa.
Makhe siye kwisetingi ze-SW0 kwaye singenise umboniso othululwayo womthi umyalelo. Siyabona ukuba i-STP iyasebenza kwaye sinokujonga i-ID yengcambu kunye ne-ID yeBridge. Ukusebenzisa umyalelo ofanayo kwinguqu yesibini, siya kubona ukuba i-SW0 yokuqala yokutshintsha ingcambu enye, kuba, ngokungafaniyo ne-SW1, ixabiso layo lokufanisa iNgcambu kunye neBridge ziyafana. Ukongeza, kukho umyalezo apha othi SW0 yingcambu - "Le bhulorho yingcambu".
Omabini amazibuko otshintsho lweengcambu akwimeko eMiselweyo, izibuko elivaliweyo lotshintshiselwano lwesibini lichongwe njengolunye, kwaye elesibini lichongwe njengengcambu yezibuko. Uyakwazi ukubona indlela i-STP eyenza ngayo yonke imisebenzi eyimfuneko ngokungenasiphako, ukuseta uqhagamshelo ngokuzenzekelayo.
Masivule i-PAGP protocol; ukwenza oku, kwizicwangciso ze-SW0, sifaka ngokulandelelana imiyalelo int f0/1 kunye ne-channel-group 1 imo kunye nenye yeeparamitha ezi-5 ezinokwenzeka, ndisebenzisa ezinqwenelekayo.
Uyakwazi ukubona ukuba iprotocol yomgca yacinywa kuqala kwaye emva koko yenziwa yasebenza kwakhona, oko kukuthi, utshintsho olwenziweyo lwaqala ukusebenza kwaye i-Port-channel 1 interface yenziwa.
Ngoku masiye kujongano lwef0/2 kwaye singenise itshaneli yomyalelo efanayo-iqela eli-1 lemowudi enqwenelekayo.
Uyabona ukuba ngoku iichweba zekhonkco eliphezulu zibonakaliswe ngummakishi oluhlaza, kwaye izibuko zekhonkco elisezantsi ziboniswa ngummakishi we-orange. Kule meko, akunakubakho imo edityanisiweyo yezinto ezinqwenelekayo - izibuko ze-auto, kuba zonke i-interfaces zokutshintsha enye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngomyalelo ofanayo. Imodi ye-auto ingasetyenziselwa kwi-switch yesibini, kodwa okokuqala, zonke izibuko kufuneka zisebenze kwimodi efanayo, kulo mzekelo kuyinqweneleka.
Masingene kwiisetingi ze-SW1 kwaye sisebenzise umyalelo woluhlu lwe-interfaces int uluhlu f0/1-2, ukuze ungafaki imiyalelo ngokwahlukeneyo kujongano ngalunye, kodwa ukuqwalasela zombini ngomyalelo omnye.
Ndisebenzisa ijelo-iqela eli-2 umyalelo wemowudi, kodwa ndingasebenzisa naliphi na inani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-6 ukumisela iqela lojongano lwesitshixo sesibini. Ekubeni icala elichasene nomjelo liqwalaselwe kwimo enqwenelekayo, i-interfaces yolu tshintsho kufuneka ibe kwimo enqwenelekayo okanye ye-auto. Ndikhetha iparameter yokuqala, chwetheza itshaneli-iqela le-2 indlela enqwenelekayo kwaye ucinezele u-Enter.
Sibona umyalezo wokuba ujongano lwejelo I-Port-channel 2 yenziwe, kwaye izibuko f0/1 kunye ne-f0/2 ziye zahamba ngokulandelelana ukusuka kwimeko esezantsi ukuya kwimeko ephezulu. Oku kulandelwa ngumyalezo wokuba i-Port-channel 2 interface itshintshele kwimeko ephezulu kwaye iprotocol yomgca yolu jongano nayo ivuliwe. Ngoku senze i-EtherChannel edibeneyo.
Ungaqinisekisa oku ngokuya kuseto lwe SW0 iswitshi kwaye ungenise isishwankathelo somyalelo we-etherchannel. Uyakwazi ukubona iiflegi ezahlukeneyo esiza kuzijonga kamva, kwaye ke iqela 1 usebenzisa 1 itshaneli, inani aggregators kwakhona 1. Po1 kuthetha PortChannel 1, kunye nobizo (SU) imele S - umaleko 2 iflegi, U - esetyenzisiweyo. Oku kulandelayo kubonisa i-PAGP protocol esetyenzisiweyo kunye namazibuko abonakalayo ahlanganiswe kwitshaneli - Fa0 / 1 (P) kunye ne-Fa0 / 2 (P), apho i-P flag ibonisa ukuba la mazibuko ayingxenye ye-PortChannel.
Ndisebenzisa imiyalelo efanayo yokutshintsha okwesibini, kwaye iwindow yeCLI ibonisa ulwazi olufanayo lwe-SW1.
Ndifaka umyalelo womthi ojikelezayo kwiisetingi ze-SW1, kwaye uyabona ukuba i-PortChannel 2 yi-interface eyodwa enengqiqo, kwaye ixabiso layo xa lithelekiswa neendleko zamazibuko amabini ahlukeneyo 19 liye lehla laya kwi-9.
Masenze okufanayo ngotshintsho lokuqala. Uyabona ukuba iiparamitha zeRoot azitshintshanga, kodwa ngoku phakathi kwezi tshintshi zimbini, endaweni yeekhonkco ezimbini zomzimba, kukho ujongano olunengqiqo lwePo1-Po2.
Masizame ukutshintsha i-PAGP nge-LACP. Ukwenza oku, kwizicwangciso zokutshintsha kokuqala ndisebenzisa umyalelo woluhlu lwe-interfaces int f0/1-2. Ukuba ngoku ndikhupha i-channel-group1 imowudi esebenzayo yomyalelo wokwenza i-LACP isebenze, iya kwaliwa kuba izibuko ze-Fa0/1 kunye ne-Fa0/2 sele ziyinxalenye yesitishi esebenzisa inkqubo eyahlukileyo.
Ngoko ke, kufuneka ndingenise kuqala umyalelo akukho sitshaneli-iqela le-1 imo esebenzayo kwaye emva koko ndisebenzise isitishi somyalelo-iqela1 imo esebenzayo. Masenze okufanayo ngotshintshiselwano lwesibini, kuqala singenise umyalelo akukho jelo-qela 2, kwaye emva koko itshaneli yomyalelo-iqela le-2 imo esebenzayo. Ukuba ujonga iiparamitha zojongano, unokubona ukuba i-Po2 ivuliwe kwakhona, kodwa ikwimo ye-PAGP yeprotocol. Oku akunjalo, kuba okwangoku sine-LACP esebenzayo, kwaye kule meko iiparameters ziboniswa ngokungalunganga ngeprogram yePacket Tracer.
Ukusombulula le ntlukwano, ndisebenzisa isisombululo sexeshana - ukudala enye iPortChannel. Ukwenza oku, ndichwetheza imiyalelo int uluhlu f0/1-2 kwaye akukho channel-iqela 2, kwaye ke umyalelo isitishi-iqela 2 imo esebenzayo. Makhe sibone ukuba oku kuchaphazela njani utshintsho lokuqala. Ndifaka umyalelo wesishwankathelo se-etherchannel kwaye ndibone ukuba i-Po1 iphinda iboniswe njenge-PAGP. Le yingxaki kwiPacket Tracer simulation kuba iPortChannel ikhubazekile okwangoku kwaye akufuneki sibe netshaneli konke konke.
Ndibuyela kwifestile ye-CLI yokutshintsha kwesibini kwaye ndingenise umyalelo wesishwankathelo se-etherchannel. Ngoku i-Po2 iboniswa ngesalathisi (SD), apho i-D ithetha phantsi, oko kukuthi, itshaneli ayisebenzi. Ngobuchwephesha, iPortChannel ikhona apha, kodwa ayisetyenziswanga kuba akukho zibuko linxulumene nayo.
Ndifaka imiyalelo int uluhlu f0/1-2 kwaye akukho channel-iqela 1 kuseto iswitshi yokuqala, kwaye ke udale iqela elitsha letshaneli, ngeli xesha inani 2, usebenzisa ijelo-iqela 2 imowudi esebenzayo umyalelo. Emva koko ndenza okufanayo kuseto lokutshintsha okwesibini, kuphela ngoku iqela lesitishi lifumana inombolo 1.
Ngoku iqela elitsha, i-Port Channel 2, liye ladalwa kwi-switch yokuqala, kunye ne-Port Channel 1 kwisibini nditshintshe amagama amaqela. Njengoko ubona, ngokobugcisa ndidale iChannel yePort entsha kwitshintshi yesibini, kwaye ngoku iboniswa ngeparameter echanekileyo - emva kokungena kwisishwankathelo somyalelo we-etherchannel, sibona ukuba i-Po1 (SU) isebenzisa i-LACP.
Sibona kanye umfanekiso ofanayo kwifestile ye-CLI yokutshintsha i-SW0 - iqela elitsha le-Po2 (SU) lisebenza phantsi kolawulo lwe-LACP.
Qwalasela umahluko phakathi kojongano olukwimo esebenzayo kunye nojongano oluhlala lukwimeko. Ndiza kudala iqela elitsha letshaneli yokutshintsha i-SW0 kunye nemiyalelo yoluhlu lwe-int f0/1-2 kunye ne-channel-group 3 imowudi. Ngaphambi koku, kufuneka ucime amaqela isitishi 1 kunye 2 usebenzisa akukho channel-iqela 1 kwaye akukho channel-iqela imiyalelo 2, kungenjalo, xa uzama ukusebenzisa isitishi-iqela 3 imo kumyalelo, inkqubo iya kubonisa umyalezo ochaza ukuba. ujongano sele lusetyenziselwa ukusebenza nenye iprothokholi yetshaneli.
Senza okufanayo kunye nokutshintsha okwesibini - cima itshaneli-iqela le-1 kunye ne-2 kwaye wenze iqela lesi-3 kunye nejelo lomyalelo-iqela le-3 imodi. Ngoku masiye kuseto lwe-SW0 kwaye sisebenzise umyalelo wesishwankathelo se-etherchannel. Uya kubona ukuba isitishi esitsha se-Po3 sele sisebenza kwaye asifuni nakuphi na ukusebenza kwangaphambili njenge-PAGP okanye i-LACP.
Ivula ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokukhubaza kwaye ivumela amazibuko. Ukusebenzisa umyalelo ofanayo we-SW1, siya kubona ukuba apha i-Po3 ayisebenzisi nayiphi na iprotocol, oko kukuthi, senze i-static EtherChannel.
I-Cisco ithi ukuze uthungelwano lufumaneke ngokubanzi, kufuneka silibale nge-PAGP kwaye sisebenzise i-EtherChannel engatshintshiyo njengendlela ethembekileyo yokudibanisa ikhonkco.
Silwenza njani ulungelelwaniso lomthwalo? Ndibuyela kwi-SW0 switsha yefestile ye-CLI kwaye ndingenise umboniso we-etherchannel yomyalelo wokulinganisela umthwalo. Uyabona ukuba ukulinganisa umthwalo kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kwidilesi ye-MAC yomthombo.
Ngesiqhelo ukulinganisa kusebenzisa le parameter, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ayihambelani neenjongo zethu. Ukuba sifuna ukutshintsha le ndlela yokulinganisa, kufuneka singene kwimodi yoqwalaselo lwehlabathi kwaye singenise umyalelo we-port-channel load-balance balance, emva koko inkqubo iya kubonisa i-prompts kunye neeparameters ezinokwenzeka kulo myalelo.
Ukuba ukhankanya i-port-channel load-balance src-mac parameter, oko kukuthi, khankanya umthombo wedilesi ye-MAC, umsebenzi we-hashing uya kwenziwa, oya kubonisa ukuba leliphi izibuko eliyinxalenye ye-EtherChannel enikiweyo ekufuneka isetyenziswe traffic phambili. Nanini na idilesi yomthombo ifana, inkqubo iya kusebenzisa ujongano oluthile lomzimba ukuthumela itrafikhi.
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