Namhlanje siza kuqalisa ukufunda malunga nendlela ye-OSPF. Esi sihloko, njenge-protocol ye-EIGRP, sesona sihloko sibaluleke kakhulu kwikhosi yonke ye-CCNA. Njengoko ubona, iCandelo 2.4 linesihloko esithi “Ukuqwalasela, ukuVavanya, kunye nokuJonga ingxaki ye-OSPFv2 iNdawo enye kunye neMimandla eMninzi ye-IPv4 (Ngaphandle kokuQinisekisa, ukuHlunga, ukuShwankathelwa kweNdlela yeManuwali, ukusasazwa ngokutsha, iNdawo yeStub, iVNet, kunye neLSA).
Isihloko se-OSPF sibanzi kakhulu, ngoko kuya kuthatha i-2, mhlawumbi izifundo zevidiyo ezi-3. Isifundo sanamhlanje siza kunikezelwa kwicala lethiyori lomcimbi; Ndiza kukuxelela ukuba yintoni le protocol ngokwemigaqo ngokubanzi kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo. Kwividiyo elandelayo, siya kudlulela kwimowudi yoqwalaselo ye-OSPF usebenzisa iPacket Tracer.
Ke kwesi sifundo siza kugubungela izinto ezintathu: yintoni OSPF, isebenza njani, kwaye yintoni imimandla OSPF. Kwisifundo sangaphambili, sithe i-OSPF yi-protocol yomzila we-Link State ehlola amakhonkco onxibelelwano phakathi kwee-routers kwaye yenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kwisantya saloo makhonkco. Ijelo elide elinesantya esiphezulu, oko kukuthi, elinomthamo othe kratya, liya kunikwa ingqwalaselo ephambili kumjelo omfutshane onemveliso encinane.
Iprotocol ye-RIP, iyiprothokholi yevektha yomgama, iya kukhetha indlela ye-hop enye, nokuba olu khonkco lunesantya esiphantsi, kwaye i-OSPF protocol iya kukhetha indlela ende yeehops ezininzi ukuba isantya sisonke kule ndlela singaphezulu kwe isantya sezithuthi kwindlela emfutshane.
Siza kujonga i-algorithm yesigqibo kamva, kodwa okwangoku kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba i-OSPF yiProtocol yeLink State. Lo mgangatho ovulekileyo wenziwa ngo-1988 ukuze wonke umenzi wezixhobo zenethiwekhi kunye nawuphi na umboneleli wenethiwekhi angayisebenzisa. Ke ngoko, i-OSPF idume kakhulu kune-EIGRP.
I-OSPF version 2 ixhasa kuphela i-IPv4, kwaye emva konyaka, ngo-1989, abaphuhlisi babhengeze inguqulo 3, exhasa i-IPv6. Nangona kunjalo, inguqulelo yesithathu esebenza ngokupheleleyo ye-OSPF ye-IPv6 yavela kuphela ngo-2008. Kutheni ukhethe i-OSPF? Kwisifundo sokugqibela, sifunde ukuba le protocol yangaphakathi yesango yenza ukuhlangana kwendlela ngokukhawuleza kune-RIP. Le yiprotocol engenaklasi.
Ukuba uyakhumbula, i-RIP iprotocol yeklasi, oku kuthetha ukuba ayithumeli ulwazi lwemaski ye-subnet, kwaye ukuba idibana neklasi ye-A / 24 idilesi ye-IP, ayiyi kuyamkela. Umzekelo, ukuba unikezela ngedilesi ye-IP efana ne-10.1.1.0/24, iya kuyibona njengothungelwano 10.0.0.0 kuba ayiqondi xa inethiwekhi ifakwe ngaphantsi kwe-subnet mask.
I-OSPF yiprotocol ekhuselekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba iirouter ezimbini zitshintshiselana nge-OSPF ulwazi, ungaqwalasela uqinisekiso ukuze ukwazi ukwabelana ngolwazi nomzila ongummelwane emva kokungena igama eligqithisiweyo. Njengoko besesitshilo, ngumgangatho ovulekileyo, ngoko ke i-OSPF isetyenziswa ngabavelisi bezixhobo ezininzi zenethiwekhi.
Kwimeko yehlabathi, i-OSPF yindlela yokutshintshiselana ngeeNtengiso zeLink State, okanye iiLSAs. Imiyalezo ye-LSA iveliswa yi-router kwaye iqulethe ulwazi oluninzi: isazisi esiyingqayizivele se-router i-router-id, idatha malunga neenethiwekhi ezaziwa kwi-router, idatha malunga neendleko zabo, njalo njalo. I-router idinga lonke olu lwazi ukwenza izigqibo zomzila.
I-Router R3 ithumela ulwazi lwayo lwe-LSA kwi-router R5, kwaye i-router R5 yabelana ngolwazi lwayo lwe-LSA kunye ne-R3. Ezi LSA zimele ubume bedatha eyenza i-Link State Data Base, okanye i-LSDB. I-router iqokelela zonke ii-LSA ezifunyenweyo kwaye izibeke kwi-LSDB yayo. Emva kokuba zombini ii-routers zenze i-database yazo, zitshintshiselana ngemiyalezo ye-Molo, esebenza ukufumana abamelwane, kwaye iqalise inkqubo yokuthelekisa ii-LSDB zabo.
I-Router R3 ithumela i-router i-R5 i-DBD, okanye "inkcazo yedatha yedatha", kwaye i-R5 ithumela i-DBD yayo kwi-router R3. Le miyalezo iqulathe izalathisi ze-LSA ezifumaneka koovimba beenkcukacha zendlela nganye. Emva kokufumana i-DBD, i-R3 ithumela isicelo sobume bothungelwano lwe-LSR kwi-R5 isithi “Sele ndinomyalezo 3,4, 9 no-5, ngoko ke ndithumelele u-7 no-XNUMX kuphela.”
I-R5 yenza okufanayo, ixelela umzila wesithathu: “Ndinolwazi 3,4 no-9, ngoko ke ndithumele u-1 no-2.” Emva kokufumana izicelo ze-LSR, ii-routers zithumela umva iipakethi zohlaziyo lwe-LSU network, oko kukuthi, ekuphenduleni i-LSR yayo, i-router yesithathu ifumana i-LSU kwi-router R5. Emva kokuba iirouters zihlaziye ii-database zabo, zonke, nokuba une-100 routers, ziya kuba nee-LSDB ezifanayo. Nje ukuba ii-database ze-LSDB zenziwe kwii-routers, ngamnye kubo uya kukwazi malunga nenethiwekhi yonke. I-protocol ye-OSPF isebenzisa iNdlela emfutshane yokuQala i-algorithm yokwenza itafile yomzila, ngoko ke eyona meko ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwayo okuchanekileyo kukuba i-LSDB yazo zonke izixhobo kuthungelwano zihambelana.
Kulo mzobo ungentla, kukho ii-routers ezi-9, nganye yazo itshintshiselana nge-LSR, i-LSU, kunye nemiyalezo kunye nabamelwane bayo. Zonke ziqhagamshelwe omnye komnye nge-p2p, okanye "i-point-to-point" ujongano oluxhasa ukusebenza nge-OSPF protocol, kwaye basebenzisane omnye nomnye ukwenza i-LSDB efanayo.
Ngokukhawuleza ukuba iziseko zilungelelaniswe, i-router nganye, isebenzisa i-algorithm yendlela emfutshane, yenza itafile yayo yomzila. Ezi tafile ziya kwahluka kwiirotha ezahlukeneyo. Oko kukuthi, zonke ii-router zisebenzisa i-LSDB efanayo, kodwa zenze iitafile zomzila ngokusekelwe kwiingcamango zabo malunga neendlela ezimfutshane. Ukusebenzisa le algorithm, OSPF kufuneka ukuhlaziya rhoqo LSDB.
Ke, ukuze i-OSPF isebenze ngokwayo, kufuneka ibonelele kuqala ngeemeko ezi-3: fumana abamelwane, dala kwaye uhlaziye i-LSDB, kwaye wenze itafile yomzila. Ukuzalisekisa imeko yokuqala, umlawuli wenethiwekhi unokufuna ukuqwalasela ngesandla i-router-id, amaxesha, okanye imaski ye-wildcard. Kwividiyo elandelayo siza kujonga ukuseta isixhobo ukusebenza kunye ne-OSPF, okwangoku kufuneka wazi ukuba le protocol isebenzisa imaski eguqukayo, kwaye ukuba ayihambelani, ukuba ii-subnets zakho azifani, okanye ukuqinisekiswa akuhambelani. , indawo yokuhlala yee-routers ayiyi kukwazi ukwenza. Ke ngoko, xa ucombulula ingxaki ye-OSPF, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kutheni le ndawo isebumelwaneni ayibunjwanga, oko kukuthi, khangela ukuba ezi parameters zingentla zihambelana.
Njengomlawuli wothungelwano, awubandakanyekanga kwinkqubo yokuyilwa kwe-LSDB. Iidatabase zihlaziywa ngokuzenzekelayo emva kokudala ummandla wee-routers, njengoko kukwakhiwa kweetafile zomzila. Konke oku kwenziwa sisixhobo ngokwaso, iqwalaselwe ukusebenza kunye OSPF protocol.
Makhe sijonge umzekelo. Sineendlela ezi-2, apho ndabela i-RIDs 1.1.1.1 kunye ne-2.2.2.2 ukuze kube lula. Ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba sizidibanise, itshaneli yekhonkco iya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza ukuya phezulu, kuba ndiqale ndaqwalasela ezi routers ukuba zisebenze kunye ne-OSPF. Nje ukuba itshaneli yonxibelelwano yenziwe, i-router A iya kuthumela kwangoko i-Hello ipakethe kwi-router A. Le ipakethe iya kuba nolwazi lokuba le router "ayikaboni" nabani na kweli jelo, kuba ithumela i-Hello okokuqala, kunye nesazisi sayo, idatha malunga nenethiwekhi eqhagamshelwe kuyo, kunye nolunye ulwazi olunokuthi lukwazi. yabelana nommelwane.
Emva kokufumana le pakethi, i-router B iya kuthi: "Ndiyabona ukuba kukho umviwa onokuthi ube ngummelwane we-OSPF kule tshaneli yonxibelelwano" kwaye uya kungena kwi-Init state. Ipakethe ye-Hello ayiyona i-unicast okanye umyalezo wokusasazwa, yipakethi ye-multicast ethunyelwe kwidilesi ye-IP ye-OSPF ye-multicast 224.0.0.5. Abanye abantu bayabuza ukuba yintoni i-subnet mask ye-multicast. Inyani yeyokuba i-multicast ayinayo imaski ye-subnet; isasazeka njengophawu lukanomathotholo, oluviwa zizo zonke izixhobo ezilungelelanisiweyo. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukuva usasazo lwerediyo ye-FM kwi-frequency 91,0, ukhuphela irediyo yakho kuloo maza.
Ngendlela efanayo, i-router B ilungiselelwe ukufumana imiyalezo yedilesi ye-multicast 224.0.0.5. Ngelixa uphulaphule eli jelo, lifumana ipakethi ye-Molo ethunyelwe yi-Router A kwaye iphendule ngomyalezo wayo.
Kule meko, indawo yokuhlala inokusekwa kuphela ukuba impendulo B iyanelisa isethi yeenqobo zokugweba. Ikhrayitheriya yokuqala kukuba ukuphindaphinda kokuthumela imiyalezo ye-Molo kunye nexesha lokulinda lempendulo kulo myalezo I-Interval efileyo kufuneka ifane kuzo zombini iirutha. Ngokwesiqhelo isithuba sexesha lokufa lilingana namaxabiso aliqela Molo wexesha. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba i-Hello Timer ye-router A yi-10 s, kwaye i-router B ithumela umyalezo emva kwe-30, ngelixa i-Dead Interval yi-20 s, i-adjacency ayiyi kwenzeka.
Umlinganiselo wesibini kukuba zombini iirotha kufuneka zisebenzise uhlobo olufanayo lokuqinisekisa. Ngokufanelekileyo, iipassword zokuqinisekisa kufuneka zihambelane.
Ikhrayitheriya yesithathu ngumdlalo wezazisi ze-Arial ID zone, owesine ngumdlalo wobude besimaphambili sothungelwano. Ukuba i-Router A inika ingxelo ye-/24 isimaphambili, ngoko ke i-Router B kufuneka ibe ne-/24 ye-network prefix. Kwividiyo elandelayo siza kujonga oku ngakumbi, okwangoku ndiza kuqaphela ukuba oku akusiyo imaski ye-subnet, apha ii-routers zisebenzisa imaski ye-Wildcard eguqukayo. Kwaye kunjalo, iiflegi zendawo yeStub kufuneka zihambelane nokuba iirotha zikulo mmandla.
Emva kokujonga ezi khrayitheriya, ukuba ziyahambelana, i-router B ithumela ipakethi yayo ye-Molo kwi-router A. Ngokwahlukileyo kumyalezo ka-A, iRouter B inika ingxelo yokuba ibone iRouter A kwaye yazazisa.
Ukuphendula lo myalezo, i-router A iphinda ithumele i-Hello ku-router B, apho iqinisekisa ukuba nayo yabona i-router B, ijelo lonxibelelwano phakathi kwabo liqukethe izixhobo 1.1.1.1 kunye ne-2.2.2.2, kwaye yona ngokwayo isixhobo 1.1.1.1 . Eli linqanaba elibaluleke kakhulu lokuseka ubumelwane. Kule meko, uxhulumaniso lweendlela ezimbini ze-2-WAY zisetyenzisiweyo, kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba sinotshintshi kunye nenethiwekhi esasazwayo yee-routers ezi-4? Kwimeko enjalo "eyabelwanayo", enye yee-router kufuneka idlale indima ye-router echongiweyo ye-DR, kwaye okwesibini kufuneka idlale indima ye-Backup ekhethiweyo yomzila, i-BDR.
Ngasinye kwezi sixhobo siyakwenza uQhagamshelwano olupheleleyo, okanye imeko yokuhambelana ngokupheleleyo, kamva siza kujonga ukuba yintoni le, nangona kunjalo, uxhulumaniso olulolu hlobo luya kusekwa kuphela nge-DR kunye ne-BDR; i-router ezimbini ezisezantsi D kunye ne-B ziya kusekwa. sisanxibelelana omnye nomnye kusetyenziswa inkqubo yoqhagamshelo emacala mabini "point-to-point".
Oko kukuthi, kunye ne-DR kunye ne-BDR, zonke ii-routers ziseka ubudlelwane obugcweleyo bengingqi, kunye nomnye nomnye - uxhulumaniso lwe-point-to-point. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ngexesha lokudityaniswa kweendlela ezimbini phakathi kwezixhobo ezikufutshane, zonke iiparamitha zeepakethe zikaMolo kufuneka zihambelane. Kwimeko yethu, yonke into ihambelana, ngoko ke izixhobo zenza indawo yokuhlala ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Ngokukhawuleza ukuba unxibelelwano lweendlela ezimbini lusekwe, i-router A ithumela i-router B ipakethe yeNkcazo yeDatha, okanye "inkcazo yedatha yedatha", kwaye ingena kwisimo se-ExStart - ukuqala kokutshintshiselana, okanye ukulinda ukulayishwa. I-Database Descriptor ulwazi olufana netheyibhile yeziqulatho zencwadi - luluhlu lwayo yonke into ekuvimba weenkcukacha womzila. Ekuphenduleni, i-Router B ithumela inkcazo yayo yedatha kwi-Router A kwaye ingena kwi-Exchange channel yonxibelelwano. Ukuba kwi-Exchange state i-router ifumanisa ukuba ulwazi oluthile lulahlekile kwi-database yayo, luya kungena kwi-LOADING yokulayisha imeko kwaye iqalise ukutshintshiselana nge-LSR, i-LSU kunye nemiyalezo ye-LSA kunye nommelwane wayo.
Ngoko, i-router A iya kuthumela i-LSR kummelwane wayo, oya kuphendula ngepakethi ye-LSU, apho i-router A iya kuphendula kwi-router B ngomyalezo we-LSA. Olu tshintshiselwano luya kwenzeka amaxesha amaninzi njengoko izixhobo zifuna ukutshintshiselana ngemiyalezo ye-LSA. Ukulayishwa kwemeko kuthetha ukuba akukenzeki uhlaziyo olupheleleyo lwedathabheyisi ye-LSA. Nje ukuba yonke idatha ikhutshelwe, zombini izixhobo ziya kungena kwimo EPHELELEyo yokudibana.
Qaphela ukuba uxhulumaniso lweendlela ezimbini, izixhobo zisemoyeni okufutshane, kwaye imeko epheleleyo yokukhawulela inokwenzeka kuphela phakathi kwee-routers, i-DR kunye ne-BDR. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-router nganye yazisa i-DR malunga notshintsho kwinethiwekhi, kunye nazo zonke ii-routers. funda ngolu tshintsho ku-DR
Ukukhethwa kwe-DR kunye ne-BDR yinto ebalulekileyo. Makhe sijonge indlela iDR ekhethwa ngayo kwindawo eqhelekileyo. Makhe sicinge ukuba iskimu sethu sineendlela ezintathu kunye nokutshintsha. Izixhobo ze-OSPF ziqale zithelekise okuphambili kwimiyalezo Molo, uze uthelekise i-ID ye-Router.
Isixhobo esinokubaluleka okuphezulu kakhulu siba yi-DR Ukuba izinto eziphambili zezixhobo ezibini zihambelana, ngoko ke isixhobo esineID yomzila ophezulu sikhethwa kwezi zibini kwaye sibe yiDR.
Isixhobo esineyona ndawo iphambili iphezulu okanye eyesibini iID yeRouter ephezulu iba lugcino oluzinikeleyo lwerouter BDR Ukuba iDR ayiphumelelanga, iya kutshintshwa ngoko nangoko yiBDR. Iya kuqalisa ukudlala indima yeDR, kwaye inkqubo iya kukhetha enye BDR
Ndiyathemba ukuba ufumene ukhetho lwe-DR kunye ne-BDR, ukuba akunjalo, ndiya kubuyela kulo mbandela kwenye yeevidiyo ezilandelayo kwaye ndichaze le nkqubo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku sijonge ukuba yintoni na, iSichazi seDatabase, kunye neLSR, LSU, kunye nemiyalezo yeLSA. Ngaphambi kokudlulela kwisihloko esilandelayo, makhe sithethe kancinci malunga neendleko ze-OSPF.
Kwi-Cisco, iindleko zendlela zibalwa ngokusebenzisa ifomyula yomlinganiselo we-Reference bandwidth, ebekwe kwi-100 Mbit / s ngokungagqibekanga, kwiindleko zetshaneli. Ngokomzekelo, xa udibanisa izixhobo nge-serial port, isantya si-1.544 Mbps, kwaye iindleko ziya kuba 64. Xa usebenzisa uxhumano lwe-Ethernet ngesantya se-10 Mbps, iindleko ziya kuba yi-10, kunye neendleko ze-FastEthernet uxhumano kunye isantya se-100 Mbps siya kuba yi-1.
Xa usebenzisa i-Gigabit Ethernet sinesantya se-1000 Mbps, kodwa kulo mzekelo isantya sihlala sicinga ukuba si-1. Ngoko ke, ukuba unayo i-Gigabit Ethernet kwinethiwekhi yakho, kufuneka utshintshe ixabiso elingagqibekanga le-Ref. I-BW nge-1000. Kule meko, ixabiso liya kuba yi-1, kwaye yonke itafile iya kubalwa kwakhona kunye namaxabiso eendleko anyuka ngamaxesha angama-10. Emva kokuba senze i-adjacency kwaye sakha i-LSDB, siqhubela phambili ekwakheni itafile yomzila.
Emva kokufumana i-LSDB, i-router nganye ngokuzimeleyo iqala ukuvelisa uluhlu lweendlela usebenzisa i-algorithm ye-SPF. Kwiskimu sethu, i-router A iya kuzenzela itafile enjalo. Ngokomzekelo, ibala iindleko zendlela ye-A-R1 kwaye inqume ukuba yi-10. Ukwenza umzobo ube lula ukuyiqonda, cinga ukuba i-router A imisela eyona ndlela ilungileyo kwi-router B. Iindleko zekhonkco A-R1 yi-10 , ikhonkco A-R2 li-100, kwaye ixabiso lendlela A-R3 lilingana no-11, oko kukuthi, isixa sendlela A-R1(10) kunye ne-R1-R3(1).
Ukuba i-router A ifuna ukuya kwi-router R4, inokukwenza oku mhlawumbi ngasendleleni A-R1-R4 okanye ecaleni kwendlela A-R2-R4, kwaye kuzo zombini iimeko iindleko zeendlela ziya kufana: 10+100 =100+10=110. Indlela A-R6 iya kuxabisa 100+1= 101, esele ingcono. Emva koko, siqwalasela indlela eya kwi-router R5 ecaleni kwendlela A-R1-R3-R5, iindleko zayo ziya kuba yi-10+1+100 = 111.
Indlela eya kwi-router R7 inokubekwa ngeendlela ezimbini: A-R1-R4-R7 okanye A-R2-R6-R7. Iindleko zokuqala ziya kuba ngama-210, okwesibini - 201, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ukhethe 201. Ngoko ke, ukufikelela kwi-router B, i-router A ingasebenzisa iindlela ezi-4.
Iindleko zendlela A-R1-R3-R5-B ziya kuba yi-121. Indlela A-R1-R4-R7-B iya kuxabisa i-220. Indlela A-R2-R4-R7-B iya kuxabisa i-210, kunye ne-A-R2- I-R6-R7- B inexabiso le-211. Ngokusekelwe kule nto, i-router A iya kukhetha indlela enexabiso eliphantsi, elilingana ne-121, kwaye uyibeke kwitafile yomzila. Lo ngumzobo owenziwe lula kakhulu wendlela i-algorithm ye-SPF esebenza ngayo. Enyanisweni, itheyibhile ayiqulathanga kuphela ukutyunjwa kwee-routers apho indlela efanelekileyo ihamba khona, kodwa kunye nokutyunjwa kwamachweba adibanisa kunye nazo zonke ezinye iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko.
Makhe sijonge esinye isihloko esichaphazela iizowuni zeendlela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa useka izixhobo ze-OSPF zenkampani, zonke zikwindawo enye eqhelekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba isixhobo esiqhagamshelwe kwi-router ye-R3 sihluleka ngokukhawuleza? I-Router R3 iya kuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukuthumela umyalezo kwii-routers ze-R5 kunye ne-R1 ukuba itshaneli enesi sixhobo ayisasebenzi, kwaye zonke ii-routers ziya kuqala ukutshintshiselana ngohlaziyo malunga nesi siganeko.
Ukuba une-100 routers, bonke baya kuhlaziya ulwazi lwelizwe lekhonkco kuba bakwindawo efanayo. Into efanayo iya kwenzeka ukuba enye yee-routers ezingabamelwane iyasilela - zonke izixhobo ezikummandla ziya kutshintshiselana nohlaziyo lwe-LSA. Emva kokutshintshwa kwemiyalezo enjalo, i-topology yenethiwekhi ngokwayo iya kutshintsha. Nje ukuba oku kwenzekile, i-SPF iya kubala kwakhona iitafile zomzila ngokweemeko ezitshintshileyo. Le yinkqubo enkulu kakhulu, kwaye ukuba unewaka lezixhobo kwindawo enye, kufuneka ulawule ubungakanani bememori yee-routers ukwenzela ukuba kwanele ukugcina zonke ii-LSA kunye ne-LSDB enkulu ye-database yelizwe. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba utshintsho lwenzeka kwindawo ethile yezowuni, i-algorithm ye-SPF ngokukhawuleza ibala kwakhona iindlela. Ngokuzenzekelayo, i-LSA ihlaziywa rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-30. Le nkqubo ayenzeki kuzo zonke izixhobo ngaxeshanye, kodwa kuyo nayiphi na imeko, uhlaziyo lwenziwa ngumzila ngamnye rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-30. Izixhobo ezininzi zenethiwekhi. Imemori eninzi kunye nexesha elithathayo ukuhlaziya i-LSDB.
Le ngxaki ingasonjululwa ngokwahlula indawo enye eqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, usebenzisa i-multizoning. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ube nesicwangciso okanye umzobo wenethiwekhi yonke oyilawulayo. INDAWO engu-0 yindawo yakho ePhambili. Le yindawo apho uqhagamshelo kwinethiwekhi yangaphandle lwenziwa, umzekelo, ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi. Xa udala imimandla emitsha, kufuneka ulandele umgaqo: indawo nganye kufuneka ibe ne-ABR enye, i-Area Border Router. I-router edge ine-interface enye kwindawo enye kunye ne-interface yesibini kwenye indawo. Ngokomzekelo, i-router ye-R5 ine-interfaces kwi-zone 1 kunye ne-zone 0. Njengoko benditshilo, indawo nganye kufuneka iqhagamshelwe kwi-zone zero, oko kukuthi, ibe ne-router edge, enye ye-interfaces yayo ixhunyiwe kwi-AREA 0.
Makhe sicinge ukuba uxhulumaniso lwe-R6-R7 aluphumelelanga. Kule meko, uhlaziyo lwe-LSA luya kusasaza kuphela nge-AREA 1 kwaye luya kuchaphazela kuphela lo mmandla. Izixhobo ezikuzowuni 2 kunye nendawo 0 azinakukwazi malunga nayo. I-Edge router i-R5 ishwankathela ulwazi malunga nokwenzekayo kwindawo yayo kwaye ithumela ulwazi olusisishwankathelo malunga nobume bothungelwano kwindawo enkulu ye-AREA 0. Izixhobo ezikwizowuni enye akufuneki ukuba ziqaphele zonke iinguqu ze-LSA ezikweminye imimandla kuba irutha ye-ABR iyakuthumela isishwankathelo sendlela yolwazi ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye.
Ukuba awukacaci ngokupheleleyo kwingqikelelo yezowuni, unokufunda ngakumbi kwizifundo ezilandelayo xa singena kuqwalaselo lomzila we-OSPF kwaye ujonge eminye imizekelo.
Enkosi ngokuhlala nathi. Ngaba uyawathanda amanqaku ethu? Ngaba ufuna ukubona umxholo onomdla ngakumbi? Sixhase ngokufaka iodolo okanye ngokucebisa abahlobo, I-30% isaphulelo kubasebenzisi beHabr kwi-analogue ekhethekileyo yeeseva zomgangatho wokungena, eyenzelwe wena: (ifumaneka nge-RAID1 kunye ne-RAID10, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-24 cores kunye ne-40GB DDR4).
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