Namhlanje siza kuqhuba isifundo sethu secandelo 2.6 lekhosi ye-ICND2 kwaye sijonge ukuqwalasela nokuvavanya iprotocol ye-EIGRP. Ukumisela i-EIGRP kulula kakhulu. Njengayo nayiphi na enye iprotocol yomzila efana ne-RIP okanye i-OSPF, ungenisa imowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi ye-router kwaye ungenise i-router eigrp <#> umyalelo, apho # yinombolo ye-AS.
Le nombolo kufuneka ifane kuzo zonke izixhobo, umzekelo, ukuba uneendlela ezi-5 kwaye zonke zisebenzisa i-EIGRP, ngoko kufuneka zibe nenombolo efanayo yenkqubo yokuzimela. Kwi-OSPF le yiNkqubo ye-ID, okanye inombolo yenkqubo, kwaye kwi-EIGRP yinombolo yenkqubo yokuzimela.
Kwi-OSPF, ukuseka ukusondela, i-ID yeNkqubo yee-router ezahlukeneyo ayinakuhambelana. Kwi-EIGRP, iinombolo ze-AS zabo bonke abamelwane kufuneka zihambelane, ngaphandle koko ummelwane awuyi kusekwa. Kukho iindlela ezi-2 zokwenza i-protocol ye-EIGRP isebenze - ngaphandle kokuchaza imaski ebuyela umva okanye ukucacisa imaski ye-wildcard.
Kwimeko yokuqala, umyalelo womnatha ukhankanya idilesi ye-IP yodidi lwe-10.0.0.0. Oku kuthetha ukuba nayiphi na i-interface kunye ne-octet yokuqala ye-IP idilesi ye-10 iya kuthatha inxaxheba kwi-EIGRP yomzila, oko kukuthi, kule meko, zonke iidilesi zeklasi A zenethiwekhi 10.0.0.0 zisetyenziswa. Nokuba ungenisa i-subnet echanekileyo njenge-10.1.1.10 ngaphandle kokuchaza imaski ebuyela umva, iprotocol iya kuyiguqulela kwidilesi ye-IP efana ne-10.0.0.0. Ngoko ke, khumbula ukuba inkqubo iya kwamkela nayiphi na imeko idilesi ye-subnet echaziweyo, kodwa iya kuyithatha idilesi yeklasi kwaye iya kusebenza kunye nenethiwekhi yonke yeklasi A, B okanye C, kuxhomekeke kwixabiso le-octet yokuqala. yedilesi yeIP.
Ukuba ufuna ukuqhuba i-EIGRP kwi-subnet ye-10.1.12.0/24, kuya kufuneka usebenzise umyalelo kunye ne-mask ejikelezayo yothungelwano lwefom 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255. Ngaloo ndlela, i-EIGRP isebenza kunye nothungelwano lweedilesi zeklasi ngaphandle kwemaski ebuyela umva, kunye ne-subnets engenaklasi, ukusetyenziswa kwemaski ye-wildcard kunyanzelekile.
Masiqhubele phambili kwi-Packet Tracer kwaye sisebenzise i-topology yenethiwekhi ukusuka kwisifundo sevidiyo sangaphambili, esifunde ngayo malunga neengcamango ze-FD kunye ne-RD.
Masimise le nethiwekhi kwinkqubo kwaye sibone ukuba isebenza njani. Sineendlela ezi-5 ze-R1-R5. Nangona iPacket Tracer isebenzisa iirouter ezine-interfaces ze-GigabitEthernet, ndatshintsha ngesandla i-bandwidth yenethiwekhi kunye ne-latency ukufanisa i-topology exoxwe ngayo ngaphambili. Esikhundleni sothungelwano lwe-10.1.1.0/24, ndidibanise i-loopback interface ebonakalayo kwi-router ye-R5, apho ndanikezela idilesi 10.1.1.1/32.
Masiqale ngokuseta i-router ye-R1. andikayenzi i-EIGRP apha okwangoku, kodwa ndinike idilesi ye-IP kwirutha. Ngomyalelo we-config t, ndifaka imowudi yoqwalaselo lwehlabathi kwaye ndivule iprotocol ngokuchwetheza i-router yomyalelo eigrp <inombolo ye-autonomous system>, ekufuneka ibe kuluhlu ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-65535. Ndikhetha inombolo 1 kwaye ucinezele u-Enter. Ukongeza, njengoko benditshilo, ungasebenzisa iindlela ezimbini.
Ndingachwetheza inethiwekhi kunye nedilesi ye-IP yenethiwekhi. Amanethiwekhi 1/10.1.12.0, 24/10.1.13.0 kunye ne-24/10.1.14.0 axhunyiwe kwi-router R24. Bonke bakwinethiwekhi "yeshumi", ngoko ndingasebenzisa umyalelo omnye jikelele, inethiwekhi 10.0.0.0. Ukuba ndicofa u-Enter, i-EIGRP iya kusebenza kuzo zontathu iindawo zojongano. Ndiyakwazi ukujonga oku ngokungenisa umyalelo do show ip eigrp interfaces. Siyabona ukuba iprotocol isebenza kwi-2 GigabitEthernet interfaces kunye ne-serial interface ye-Serial apho i-router ye-R4 ixhunyiwe.
Ukuba ndiqhuba i do show ip eigrp interfaces umyalelo kwakhona ukujonga, ndingaqinisekisa ukuba ngenene iEIGRP iyasebenza kuwo onke amazibuko.
Makhe siye kwi-router R2 kwaye siqale iprotocol usebenzisa i-config t kunye ne-router eigrp imiyalelo 1. Ngeli xesha asiyi kusebenzisa umyalelo wenethiwekhi yonke, kodwa siya kusebenzisa imaski ebuyela umva. Ukwenza oku, ndifaka inethiwekhi yomyalelo 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255. Ukujonga useto, sebenzisa i do show ip eigrp ujongano myalelo. Siyabona ukuba i-EIGRP isebenza kuphela kwi-interface ye-Gig0/0, kuba kuphela olu jongano oluhambelana neeparamitha zomyalelo ongenisiweyo.
Kule meko, imaski ebuyisela umva ithetha ukuba imowudi ye-EIGRP iya kusebenza kuyo nayiphi na inethiwekhi apho ii-octets ezintathu zokuqala zedilesi ye-IP ziyi-10.1.12. Ukuba umsebenzi womnatha oneeparamitha ezifanayo uqhagamshelwe kolunye ujongano, ngoko olujongano luya kongezwa kuluhlu lwamazibuko apho le protocol isebenza khona.
Makhe songeze enye inethiwekhi kunye nenethiwekhi yomyalelo 10.1.25.0 0.0.0.255 kwaye sibone ukuba uluhlu lwe-interfaces ezixhasa i-EIGRP ngoku luya kubonakala njani. Njengoko ubona, ngoku sine-interface ye-Gig0/1 eyongeziweyo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba i-interface ye-Gig0/0 inomlingani omnye, okanye ummelwane omnye - i-router R1, esele siyilungisile. Kamva ndiza kukubonisa imiyalelo yokuqinisekisa izicwangciso, ngoku siya kuqhubeka nokuqwalasela i-EIGRP yezixhobo eziseleyo. Sinokuthi okanye singasebenzisi imaski ebuyela umva xa siqwalasela nayiphi na imizila.
Ndiya kwi-console ye-CLI ye-router ye-R3 kwaye kwimowudi yoqwalaselo lwehlabathi ndichwetheza imiyalelo ye-router eigrp 1 kunye nenethiwekhi 10.0.0.0, emva koko ndiye kwisethingi ye-R4 router kwaye ndichwetheze imiyalelo efanayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imaski ebuyela umva.
Uyakwazi ukubona indlela i-EIGRP ilula ngayo ukuqwalasela ngaphezu kwe-OSPF - kwimeko yokugqibela kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kwi-ABRs, iindawo, ukugqiba indawo yabo, njl. Akukho nanye yale nto ifunekayo apha - ndiya nje kwizicwangciso zehlabathi jikelele kwi-router ye-R5, chwetheza imiyalelo ye-router eigrp 1 kunye nenethiwekhi 10.0.0.0, kwaye ngoku i-EIGRP isebenza kuzo zonke izixhobo ezi-5.
Makhe sijonge ulwazi ebesithetha ngalo kwividiyo yokugqibela. Ndingena kwi-R2 izicwangciso kwaye ndichwetheze umyalelo bonisa indlela ye-ip, kwaye inkqubo ibonisa amangeniso afunekayo.
Makhe sinikele ingqalelo kwi-router ye-R5, okanye kunoko, kwinethiwekhi ye-10.1.1.0/24. Lo ngumgca wokuqala kwitafile yomzila. Inombolo yokuqala kwizibiyeli ngumgama wolawulo, olingana ne-90 yeprotocol ye-EIGRP. Unobumba D uthetha ukuba le ndlela ibonelelwa yi-EIGRP, kwaye inombolo yesibini kwizibiyeli, elingana no-26112, yi-R2-R5 yendlela yokulinganisa. Ukuba sibuyela kumzobo wangaphambili, sinokubona ukuba ixabiso le-metric apha li-28416, ngoko ke kufuneka ndijonge ukuba yintoni isizathu sokumahluko.
Chwetheza ujongano lokubonisa loopback 0 umyalelo kwizicwangciso ze-R5. Isizathu kukuba sisebenzise i-loopback interface: ukuba ukhangele ukulibaziseka kwe-R5 kumzobo, ilingana ne-10 ΞΌs, kwaye kwizicwangciso ze-router sinikwa ulwazi lokuba ukulibaziseka kwe-DLY yi-5000 microseconds. Makhe sibone ukuba ndingatshintsha na eli xabiso. Ndingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo ye-R5 yehlabathi kwaye ndichwetheze i-loopback yojongano 0 kunye nemiyalelo yokulibaziseka. Inkqubo ikhuthaza ukuba ixabiso lokulibaziseka lingabelwa kuluhlu ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-16777215, kunye namashumi e-microseconds. Ekubeni kwishumi ixabiso lokulibaziseka kwe-10 ΞΌs lihambelana no-1, ndifaka ukulibaziseka komyalelo 1. Sijonga kwakhona i-interface parameters kwaye sibone ukuba inkqubo ayizange ivume eli xabiso, kwaye ayifuni ukwenza oku naxa ihlaziya inethiwekhi. iiparamitha kwizicwangciso ze-R2.
Nangona kunjalo, ndiqinisekisa ukuba ukuba siphinda sibala kwakhona i-metric yeskimu sangaphambili, sithathela ingqalelo iiparamitha ezibonakalayo ze-router ye-R5, ixabiso elinokwenzeka lomgama wendlela ukusuka kwi-R2 ukuya kwinethiwekhi ye-10.1.1.0/24 iya kuba ngu-26112. kumaxabiso afanayo kwiiparameters zeR1 router ngokuchwetheza umyalelo bonisa i-ip indlela. Njengoko ubona, kwinethiwekhi ye-10.1.1.0 / 24 i-recalculation yenziwe kwaye ngoku ixabiso le-metric yi-26368, kungekhona i-28416.
Unokujonga oku kuphinda kubalwe ngokusekelwe kumzobo ovela kwisifundo sevidiyo sangaphambili, ngokuqwalasela iimpawu zePakethi yeTracer, esebenzisa ezinye iiparameters ezibonakalayo zojongano, ngokukodwa, ukulibaziseka okwahlukileyo. Zama ukwenza eyakho i-topology yenethiwekhi ngala maxabiso ogqithiso kunye ne-latency kwaye ubale iiparamitha zayo. Kwimisebenzi yakho ephathekayo awuyi kufuna ukuba wenze izibalo ezinjalo, yazi nje ukuba yenziwa njani. Kuba ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa ukulinganisa komthwalo esikukhankanyileyo kwividiyo yokugqibela, kufuneka wazi ukuba ungayitshintsha njani i-latency. Andikucebisi ukubamba i-bandwidth; ukunyenyisa i-EIGRP, kwanele ngokwaneleyo ukutshintsha amaxabiso e-latency.
Ke, unokutshintsha i-bandwidth kunye nokulibaziseka amaxabiso, ngaloo ndlela utshintsha amaxabiso eemitha ze-EIGRP. Lo iya kuba ngumsebenzi wakho wasekhaya. Njengesiqhelo, oku unokukhuphela kwiwebhusayithi yethu kwaye usebenzise zombini ii-topology zenethiwekhi kwiPacket Tracer. Masibuyele kumzobo wethu.
Njengoko ubona, ukuseta i-EIGRP kulula kakhulu, kwaye ungasebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zokumisela uthungelwano: kunye okanye ngaphandle kwemaski ebuyela umva. Njenge-OSPF, kwi-EIGRP sineetafile ezi-3: itafile yommelwane, i-topology table kunye netafile yendlela. Makhe sijonge ezi tafile kwakhona.
Masingene kwisethingi ye-R1 kwaye siqale ngetafile yommelwane ngokungenisa umboniso we-ip eigrp wabamelwane. Siyabona ukuba i-router inabamelwane aba-3.
Idilesi 10.1.12.2 yi-router R2, 10.1.13.1 i-router R3 kunye ne-10.1.14.1 yi-router R4. Itheyibhile ikwabonisa apho unxibelelwano lonxibelelwano nabamelwane lwenziwa khona. I-Hold Uptime iboniswe ngezantsi. Ukuba uyakhumbula, eli lixesha elingagqibekanga ukuya ku-3 Molo, okanye 3x5s = 15s. Ukuba ngeli xesha impendulo i-Hello ayifumanekanga kummelwane, uxhulumaniso luthathwa njengolulahlekileyo. Ngokobuchwephesha, ukuba abamelwane bayaphendula, eli xabiso liyancipha ukuya kwi-10 kwaye libuyele kwi-15s. Yonke imizuzwana emi-5, i-router ithumela umyalezo we-Hello, kwaye abamelwane baphendule kuyo kwimizuzwana emihlanu elandelayo. Oku kulandelayo kubonisa ixesha lokuya nokubuya kwiipakethi ze-SRTT, eziyi-40 ms. Ukubala kwayo kwenziwa yi-protocol ye-RTP, esebenzisa i-EIGRP ukuququzelela unxibelelwano phakathi kwabamelwane. Ngoku siza kujonga kwitheyibhile ye-topology, apho sisebenzisa khona umyalelo we-ip eigrp topology.
Iprothokholi ye-OSPF kule meko ichaza i-topology entsonkothileyo, enzulu ebandakanya zonke iirotha kunye nawo onke amajelo akhoyo kuthungelwano. I-EIGRP ibonisa itopology eyenziwe lula ngokusekwe kwiimetrikhi zendlela ezimbini. Umetriki wokuqala ngowona mgama uphantsi onokwenzeka, umgama onokwenzeka, oyenye yeempawu zendlela. Okulandelayo, ixabiso lomgama elixeliweyo liboniswa nge-slash - le yi-metric yesibini. Kwinethiwekhi 10.1.1.0/24, unxibelelwano olwenziwa nge-router 10.1.12.2, ixabiso elinokwenzeka lomgama ngu-26368 (ixabiso lokuqala kwii-parentheses). Ixabiso elifanayo libekwe kwitheyibhile yomzila ngenxa yokuba i-router 10.1.12.2 ingumlandeli.
Ukuba umgama oxeliweyo wenye i-router, kulo mzekelo ixabiso le-3072 router 10.1.14.4, lingaphantsi komgama onokwenzeka wommelwane osondeleyo, ngoko le ndlela i-Successor Feasible. Ukuba uxhulumaniso kunye ne-router 10.1.12.2 ilahleka nge-interface ye-GigabitEthernet 0/0, i-router 10.1.14.4 iya kuthatha umsebenzi we-Successor.
Kwi-OSPF, ukubala umzila ngokusebenzisa i-router yokugcina ithatha ixesha elithile, elidlala indima ebalulekileyo xa ubungakanani benethiwekhi bubalulekile. I-EIGRP ayichithi xesha kwizibalo ezinjalo kuba sele imazi umviwa wendima yoMmeli. Makhe sijonge kwitheyibhile ye-topology usebenzisa umboniso wendlela yomyalelo.
Njengoko ubona, yi-Successor, oko kukuthi, i-router enexabiso eliphantsi le-FD, elibekwe kwitafile yomzila. Apha itshaneli ene-metric 26368 ibonisiwe, eyi-FD ye-router receiver 10.1.12.2.
Kukho imiyalelo emithathu enokusetyenziswa ukujonga izicwangciso zeprotocol yomzila kujongano ngalunye.
Eyokuqala bonisa ukusebenza-config. Ukuyisebenzisa, ndiyabona ukuba yeyiphi iprotocol esebenzayo kwesi sixhobo, oku kuboniswa ngumyalezo we-router eigrp 1 yenethiwekhi 10.0.0.0. Nangona kunjalo, kolu lwazi akunakwenzeka ukumisela ukuba loluphi ujongano le protocol esebenzayo, ngoko ke kufuneka ndijonge kuluhlu oluneeparamitha zazo zonke iR1 ujongano. Ngelo xesha, ndinikela ingqalelo kwi-octet yokuqala yedilesi ye-IP ye-interface nganye - ukuba iqala nge-10, ngoko i-EIGRP iyasebenza kule interface, ekubeni kule meko imeko yokudibanisa idilesi yenethiwekhi 10.0.0.0 yanelisekile . Ke ngoko, ungasebenzisa umboniso osebenzayo-umyalelo wokufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi iprotocol esebenzayo kujongano ngalunye.
Umyalelo wovavanyo olandelayo yi show ip protocol. Emva kokufaka lo myalelo, unokubona ukuba iprotocol yomzila ngu "eigrp 1". Okulandelayo, amaxabiso ee-coefficients ze-K zokubala i-metric ayaboniswa. Uphononongo lwabo aluqukwanga kwikhosi ye-ICND, ngoko ke kwiisetingi siyakwamkela amaxabiso e-K angagqibekanga.
Apha, njengakwi-OSPF, i-ID ye-Router-ID iboniswa njengedilesi ye-IP: 10.1.12.1. Ukuba awunikezeli ngesandla le parameter, inkqubo ikhetha ngokuzenzekelayo ujongano lweloopback eneyona dilesi ye IP iphezulu njenge RID.
Ikwachaza ukuba ushwankathelo lwendlela oluzenzekelayo luvaliwe. Le yimeko ebalulekileyo, kuba ukuba sisebenzisa ii-subnets ezineedilesi ze-IP ezingenaklasi, kungcono ukuvala isishwankathelo. Ukuba wenza lo msebenzi, oku kulandelayo kuyakwenzeka.
Makhe sicinge ukuba sinomzila we-R1 kunye ne-R2 usebenzisa i-EIGRP, kunye neenethiwekhi ezi-2 zixhunyiwe kwi-router R3: 10.1.2.0, 10.1.10.0 kunye ne-10.1.25.0. Ukuba i-autosummation ivuliwe, ngoko xa i-R2 ithumela uhlaziyo kwi-router R1, ibonisa ukuba ixhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi 10.0.0.0/8. Oku kuthetha ukuba zonke izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kwinethiwekhi ye-10.0.0.0/8 zithumela uhlaziyo kuyo, kwaye yonke i-traffic eya kwinethiwekhi ye-10 kufuneka ibhekiswe kwi-router ye-R2.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uqhagamshela enye i-router R1 kwi-router yokuqala ye-R3, eqhagamshelwe kwiinethiwekhi 10.1.5.0 kunye ne-10.1.75.0? Ukuba i-router R3 isebenzisa isishwankathelo esizenzekelayo, ngoko iya kuxelela i-R1 ukuba yonke i-traffic eya kuthungelwano 10.0.0.0/8 kufuneka ibhekiswe kuyo.
Ukuba i-router R1 iqhagamshelwe kwi-router R2 kwi-network ye-192.168.1.0, kunye ne-router R3 kwinethiwekhi ye-192.168.2.0, ngoko i-EIGRP iya kwenza izigqibo zesishwankathelo esizenzekelayo kwinqanaba le-R2, elingalunganga. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa i-auto-summarization ye-router ethile, kwimeko yethu yi-R2, qiniseka ukuba zonke ii-subnets kunye ne-octet yokuqala yedilesi ye-IP 10. ixhunyiwe kuphela kuloo router. Akufanele ube neenethiwekhi eziqhagamshelwe 10. kwenye indawo, kwenye i-router. Umlawuli womnatha oceba ukusebenzisa isishwankathelo somzila we-auto kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba zonke iinethiwekhi ezinedilesi yeklasi efanayo zixhunyiwe kwi-router efanayo.
Ngokwenziwayo, kulungele ngakumbi ukuba umsebenzi we-auto-sum ukhubazwe ngokungagqibekanga. Kule meko, i-router R2 iya kuthumela uhlaziyo olwahlukileyo kwi-router R1 kwinethiwekhi nganye eqhagamshelwe kuyo: enye ye-10.1.2.0, enye ye-10.1.10.0 kunye ne-10.1.25.0. Kule meko, itheyibhile ye-R1 iya kuzaliswa kungekhona enye, kodwa iindlela ezintathu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, isishwankathelo sinceda ukunciphisa inani lokungeniswa kwitafile yomzila, kodwa ukuba uyicwangcisa ngokungalunganga, unokutshabalalisa yonke inethiwekhi.
Masibuyele kumyalelo weprotocol ye-IP. Qaphela ukuba apha ungabona ixabiso leMgama le-90, kunye neyona ndlela iphezulu yokulinganisa umthwalo, engagqibekanga ukuya ku-4. Zonke ezi ndlela zinexabiso elifanayo. Inani labo linokuncitshiswa, umzekelo, ukuya kwi-2, okanye ukunyuka ukuya kwi-16.
Okulandelayo, ubungakanani obukhulu bekhawuntala ye-hop, okanye izahlulo zomzila, zichazwe njenge-100, kwaye ixabiso Ubuninzi bemetric variance = 1 licacisiwe.Kwi-EIGRP, Umahluko uvumela iindlela ezineemetric ezikufutshane ngokwexabiso ukuba zithathwe njengelinganayo, ezivumela ukongeza iindlela ezininzi ezinemetrics ezingalinganiyo kwitheyibhile yokubonisa , ekhokelela kwi subnet enye. Siza kujonga oku ngokweenkcukacha kamva.
Umzila weeNethiwekhi: ulwazi lwe-10.0.0.0 luphawu lokuba sisebenzisa ukhetho ngaphandle kwe-backmask. Ukuba singena kwizicwangciso ze-R2, apho sisebenzise i-mask ebuyela umva, kwaye singenise umyalelo we-protocols ye-ip, siya kubona ukuba Umzila weeNethiwekhi zale router inemigca emibini: 10.1.12.0/24 kunye ne-10.1.25.0/24, oko kukuthi, kukho isalathisi sokusetyenziswa kwemaski ye-wildcard.
Ngeenjongo ezisebenzayo, akufuneki ukhumbule ngokuthe ngqo ukuba loluphi ulwazi oluveliswa yimiyalelo yovavanyo - kufuneka uyisebenzise kwaye ujonge isiphumo. Nangona kunjalo, kuviwo awuyi kuba nethuba lokuphendula umbuzo, onokuthi uhlolwe kunye nomyalelo we-protocol ye-ip. Kuya kufuneka ukhethe impendulo enye echanekileyo kwiinketho ezininzi ezicetywayo. Ukuba uya kuba yingcali ye-Cisco ephezulu kwaye ungafumani nje isatifikethi se-CCNA, kodwa kunye ne-CCNP okanye i-CCIE, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi ingcaciso ethile eveliswa ngulo okanye lo myalelo wovavanyo kunye nokuba yeyiphi imiyalelo yokubulawa. Kufuneka inkosi kuphela inxalenye yobugcisa izixhobo Cisco, kodwa uqonde Cisco iOS inkqubo yokusebenza ukuze ukuqwalasela kakuhle ezi zixhobo womnatha.
Masibuyele kulwazi oluveliswa yinkqubo ekuphenduleni ukungena kwi-protocol yokubonisa i-IP. Sibona iMithombo yoLwazi lweNdlela, eboniswe njengemigca enedilesi ye-IP kunye nomgama wolawulo. Ngokungafaniyo nolwazi lwe-OSPF, i-EIGRP kule meko ayisebenzisi i-ID ye-Router, kodwa idilesi ye-IP yee-routers.
Umyalelo wokugqibela okuvumela ukuba ujonge ngqo imeko yojongano bonisa ip eigrp ujongano. Ukuba ungenisa lo myalelo, unokubona zonke iindlela zojongano lwendlela eqhuba i-EIGRP.
Ke, kukho iindlela ezi-3 zokuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo siqhuba iprotocol ye-EIRGP.
Makhe sijonge ixabiso elilinganayo lokulinganisa umthwalo, okanye ukulinganisa umthwalo olinganayo. Ukuba ujongano olu-2 lunexabiso elifanayo, ulungelelwaniso lomthwalo luya kusetyenziswa kubo ngokungagqibekanga.
Masisebenzise iPacket Tracer ukubona ukuba ijongeka njani le nto sisebenzisa i-topology yenethiwekhi esele siyayazi. Makhe ndikukhumbuze ukuba i-bandwidth kunye nokulibaziseka amaxabiso ayafana kuzo zonke iziteshi phakathi kweerouters ezibonisiweyo. Ndivumela imo ye-EIGRP kuzo zonke ii-router ezi-4, endiya kuzo kwisethingi nganye nganye kwaye ndichwetheze i-terminal ye-config, i-router eigrp kunye nenethiwekhi 10.0.0.0.
Makhe sicinge ukuba kufuneka sikhethe eyona ndlela ilungileyo i-R1-R4 ukuya kwi-loopback virtual interface 10.1.1.1, ngelixa zone ikhonkco i-R1-R2, i-R2-R4, i-R1-R3 kunye ne-R3-R4 ineendleko ezifanayo. Ukuba ufaka umyalelo wendlela ye-ip kwi-console ye-CLI ye-router R1, unokubona ukuba inethiwekhi 10.1.1.0/24 inokufikelelwa ngeendlela ezimbini: nge-router 10.1.12.2 eqhagamshelwe kwi-interface ye-GigabitEthernet0/0, okanye nge-router 10.1.13.3 .0 iqhagamshelwe kwi-interface ye-GigabitEthernet1/XNUMX, kwaye zombini ezi ndlela zineemitha ezifanayo.
Ukuba sifaka umyalelo we-ip eigrp topology, siya kubona ulwazi olufanayo apha: 2 Abamkeli abaphumeleleyo abanexabiso elifanayo le-FD ye-131072.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sifunde ukuba yiyiphi i-ECLB yokulinganisa umthwalo olinganayo, onokwenziwa kuzo zombini i-OSPF kunye ne-EIGRP.
Nangona kunjalo, i-EIGRP ikwanayo neendleko ezingalinganiyo zokulinganisa umthwalo (UCLB), okanye ukulinganisa ukungalingani. Kwezinye iimeko, iimethrikhi zinokuhluka kancinci ukusuka komnye nomnye, okwenza iindlela ziphantse zilingane, apho i-EIGRP ivumela ukulinganisa umthwalo ngokusetyenziswa kwexabiso elibizwa ngokuthi "ukwahlukana".
Makhe sicinge ukuba sinerouter enye eqhagamshelwe kwezinye ezintathu-i-R1, i-R2 kunye ne-R3.
I-Router R2 inelona xabiso liphantsi FD=90, ngoko ke isebenza njengoMlandeli. Makhe siqwalasele i-RD yamanye amajelo amabini. I-R1 ye-RD ye-80 ingaphantsi kwe-R2's FD, ngoko ke i-R1 isebenza njenge-backup Feasible Successor router. Ekubeni i-RD ye-router R3 inkulu kune-FD ye-router ye-R1, ayinakuze ibe nguMphumeleleyo onokwenzeka.
Ke, sinayo i-router - I-Successor kunye ne-router - i-Feasible Successor. Ungabeka i-router ye-R1 kwitheyibhile yomzila usebenzisa amaxabiso ahlukeneyo. Kwi-EIGRP, ngokungagqibekanga Ukwahluka = ββ1, ngoko ke i-router R1 njenge-Feasible Successor ayikho kwitafile yomzila. Ukuba sisebenzisa ixabiso Ukwahluka = ββ2, ngoko ixabiso le-FD le-router R2 liya kwandiswa ngo-2 kwaye liya kuba ngu-180. Kule meko, i-FD ye-router R1 iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-FD ye-router R2: 120 <180, ngoko i-router R1 iyakubekwa kwitafile yomzila njengoMlandeli 'a.
Ukuba silinganisa i-Vaance = 3, ngoko ixabiso le-FD lomamkeli i-R2 liya kuba ngu-90 x 3 = 270. Kule meko, i-router R1 iya kungena kwakhona kwitafile yomzila, kuba 120 <270. Musa ukudideka kukuba i-router R3 ayingeni etafileni nangona i-FD yayo = 250 enexabiso le-Vaance = 3 iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-FD ye-router R2, ekubeni i-250 < 270. Inyaniso kukuba kwi-router R3 imeko RD < FD I-Successor ayikahlangabezwanga, ekubeni i-RD= 180 ayikho ngaphantsi, kodwa ingaphezulu kwe-FD = 90. Ngoko ke, ekubeni i-R3 ingenako ukuba nguMlandeli onokwenzeka, nangona ixabiso lokutshintsha kwe-3, ayisayi kungena kwitafile yokukhokela.
Ngaloo ndlela, ngokuguqula ixabiso lokwahluka, sinokusebenzisa ukulinganisa komthwalo ongalinganiyo ukubandakanya indlela esiyidingayo kwitheyibhile yomzila.
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