Molo kwakhona. Ngokulindela ukuqala kwekhosi Sabelana nawe ngoguqulelo lomnye umbandela onomdla.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwamaqela aphuhlisayo kunye nolondolozo ngumthombo oqhelekileyo wengxwabangxwaba kunye nemiqobo. Xa amaqela esebenza kwiisilos, amaxesha omjikelezo ayanda kwaye ixabiso leshishini liyancipha. Kutshanje, abaphuhlisi besoftware abakhokelayo bafunde ukoyisa iisilos ngonxibelelwano kunye nentsebenziswano, kodwa ukwakha amaqela ngumsebenzi onzima ngakumbi. Indlela yokusebenza kunye xa utshintsha indlela yokuziphatha yemveli kunye nokusebenzisana?
Impendulo: izigaba zophuhliso lwamaqela ngokweTuckman
Ngowe-1965, isazi ngengqondo uBruce Tuckman malunga neentshukumo zophuhliso lwamaqela amancinci. Ukuze iqela livelise iingcamango ezintsha, ukusebenzisana, ukucwangcisa nokufezekisa iziphumo, wagxininisa ukubaluleka kwezigaba ezine zophuhliso: ukubunjwa, ukungqubuzana, ukulinganisa kunye nokusebenza.
Eqongeni ukubumba Iqela lichaza iinjongo kunye neenjongo zalo. Amalungu eqela axhomekeke kwindlela yokuziphatha ekhuselekileyo phakathi kwabantu kwaye achaze imida yabo yokusebenzisana. Eqongeni ungquzulwano (uqhwithela) amalungu eqela afumanisa iindlela zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo aze akhe ukuthembana ngokwabelana ngezimvo zawo, nto leyo edla ngokukhokelela kungquzulwano. Vula izigaba eziqhelekileyo iqela liza ukusombulula iiyantlukwano zalo kwaye liqala ukwakha umoya weqela kunye nomanyano. Amalungu eqela ayaqonda ukuba aneenjongo ezifanayo kwaye kufuneka asebenze kunye ukuze azifezekise. Vula amanqanaba okusebenza (ukwenza) Iqela lifezekisa iinjongo, lisebenza ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye lisombulula iingxabano ngokuzimeleyo. Amalungu eqela ayaxhasana kwaye abhetyebhetye ngakumbi kwiindima zawo.
Indlela Yokomeleza Amaqela Agile
Xa izisele zisusiwe, amalungu eqela asoloko ebhideka kukutshintsha kwenkcubeko ngequbuliso. Iinkokeli kufuneka zenze ukwakhiwa kweqela kube yinto ephambili ukuze inkcubeko etshabalalisayo ingaphuhli apho amalungu eqela angathembani okanye axhasane. Ukusebenzisa izigaba ezine zikaTuckman ekuqulunqweni kweqela kunokuphucula amandla.
Uqeqesho
Xa ukwakhiwa kweqela le-agile, kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo kumandla kunye nezakhono. Amalungu eqela kufuneka ancedisane ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda omnye nomnye, njengoko iqela le-agile liqela elisebenza ngokunqamlezayo apho ilungu ngalinye lizisa amandla akhe ukuze afezekise injongo efanayo.
Nje ukuba ii-silos zisusiwe, iinkokeli kufuneka zibonise kwaye zichaze indlela yokuziphatha ezifuna ukuyibona kwiqela. Amalungu eqela aya kujonga kwinkokeli, efana neScrum Master, isikhokelo kunye nesikhokelo. Kuqhelekile ukuba amalungu eqela agxile kuphela kumsebenzi wawo, kunokuba abone iqela njengeyunithi esebenzela injongo. I-Scrum Master kufuneka incede amalungu eqela aphuhlise imvakalelo yoluntu. Emva kokuphumeza ingcamango okanye i-sprint, i-Scrum Master kufuneka iqokelele iqela, iqhube i-retrospective kwaye iqonde into ehamba kakuhle, into engazange iphuculwe, kwaye yintoni enokuphuculwa. Amalungu eqela anokubeka iinjongo kunye kwaye ancede ukuphuhlisa umoya weqela.
Ungquzulwano
Ngokukhawuleza ukuba amalungu eqela aqala ukubonana njengamalungu eqela, aqala ukuvakalisa izimvo zawo, ezinokubangela iingxabano. Abantu ngabanye banokubeka ityala kwabanye, ngoko ke injongo kweli nqanaba kukukhulisa ukuthembana, unxibelelwano nentsebenziswano.
I-Scrum Master inoxanduva lokunceda amalungu eqela ukuba asombulule iingxabano, athobe iimeko ezixineneyo, kwaye afundise iinkqubo zomsebenzi. Kufuneka ezolile, asombulule iingxabano kwaye ancede iqela lihlale linemveliso. Ngokubhala izigqibo, ukuzama ukungafihli kunye nokubonakala, kunye nokusebenzisana kwizisombululo, amaqela anokudala inkcubeko apho uvavanyo lukhuthazwa kwaye ukungaphumeleli kubonwa njengethuba lokufunda. Amalungu eqela kufuneka azive ekhuselekile naxa evakalisa uluvo olwahlukileyo kwabanye. Ugxininiso kufuneka lube kuphuculo oluqhubekayo kunye nokufumana izisombululo kunokuxambulisana.
Ukwenziwa kwesiqhelo
Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwingxabano ukuya kwimeko yesiqhelo kunokuba nzima kumaqela amaninzi agile, kodwa emva kokuba utshintsho lwenziwe, ugxininiso kukuxhobisa kunye nomsebenzi onentsingiselo. Emva kokufunda ukusombulula iingxabano kwinqanaba langaphambili, iqela liyakwazi ukubona ukungavumelani kunye nokujonga iingxaki kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo.
Ukubuyisela emva emva kwe-sprint nganye kufuneka ibe sisithethe. Ngexesha lokujonga umva, kufuneka kwabelwe ixesha lokucwangcisa umsebenzi osebenzayo. I-Scrum Master kunye nezinye iinkokeli kufuneka zinike ingxelo kumalungu eqela, kwaye amalungu eqela kufuneka anike ingxelo malunga neenkqubo zomsebenzi. Kweli nqanaba lophuhliso, amalungu eqela azibona eyinxalenye yeqela elisebenza kwiinjongo ezifanayo. Kukho ukuthembana nokunxibelelana ngokuphandle. Iqela lisebenza kunye njengenye.
Ukusebenza
Kweli nqanaba, iqela liyakhuthazwa kwaye linomdla ekwandiseni imisebenzi yalo. Ngoku iqela lisebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwaye abaphathi kufuneka bathathe indima yokuxhasa kwaye bagxininise ekufundeni okuqhubekayo. Njengoko amaqela ezabalazela ukuphucula, ayakwazi ukubona imiqobo, imiqobo yonxibelelwano, kunye nemiqobo ekuqaliseni izinto ezintsha.
Okwangoku iqela lenziwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye linemveliso. Amalungu eqela asebenza kunye kwaye anxibelelane kakuhle kwaye anesazisi esicacileyo kunye nombono. Iqela lisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye liyalwamkela utshintsho.
Xa kukho utshintsho kumaqela okanye utshintsho kubunkokeli, amaqela angaziva engaqinisekanga kwaye aphinde elinye okanye ngaphezulu kula manyathelo. Ngokusebenzisa obu buchule kwiqela lakho, unokuxhasa ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lwabo, ubancede bagcine indlela edala kunye nenkcubeko.
Njengesiqhelo, sijonge phambili kwizimvo zakho kwaye sikumema malunga nekhosi yethu .
umthombo: www.habr.com