"Universal" kwiqela lophuhliso: inzuzo okanye ingozi?

Molweni nonke! Igama lam nguLyudmila Makarova, ndingumphathi wophuhliso kwi-UBRD kwaye isithathu seqela lam "ngabajikelezi".

Yivume: yonke iTech Lead iphupha ngokusebenza ngokunqamlezayo kwiqela labo. Kupholile kakhulu xa umntu omnye ekwazi ukutshintsha abathathu, kwaye ayenze ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokulibazisa imihla ebekiweyo. Kwaye, okubalulekileyo, igcina izixhobo!
Kuvakala kuhenda kakhulu, kodwa ngaba kunjalo ngokwenene? Masizame ukuyiqonda.

Ngubani yena, umanduleli wethu wolindelo?

Igama elithi "generalist" lidla ngokubhekisa kumalungu eqela adibanisa ngaphezu kwendima enye, umzekelo, umhlalutyi-uhlalutyi.

Ukusebenzisana kweqela kunye nesiphumo somsebenzi walo kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zobugcisa kunye nezomntu zabathathi-nxaxheba.

Yonke into icacile malunga nezakhono ezinzima, kodwa izakhono ezithambileyo zifanelwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Bancedisa ekufumaneni indlela yomqeshwa kwaye bamlathise kumsebenzi apho aya kuba luncedo kakhulu.

Kukho amanqaku amaninzi malunga nazo zonke iintlobo zobuntu kwishishini le-IT. Ngokusekwe kumava am, ndingahlula ii-generalists ze-IT zibe ziindidi ezine:

1. “Indalo iphela-uSomandla”

Ezi zikwindawo yonke. Bahlala bekhuthele kakhulu, bafuna ukuba yintloko yengqwalasela, bahlale bebuza oogxa babo ukuba bafuna uncedo lwabo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha banokucaphukisa. Banomdla kuphela kwimisebenzi enentsingiselo, ukuthatha inxaxheba apho kuya kunika ithuba lokuyila kwaye kunokuhlekisa ukuzingca kwabo.

Yintoni abanamandla kuyo:

• bayakwazi ukusombulula iingxaki ezinzima;
• ungene nzulu kwingxaki, "ukumba" kwaye ufezekise iziphumo;
• Yiba nengqondo ephangaleleyo.

Kodwa:

• labile ngokweemvakalelo;
• ilawulwa kakubi;
• babe nembono yabo engagungqiyo, ekunzima kakhulu ukuyitshintsha;
• Kunzima ukufumana umntu enze into elula. Imisebenzi elula iyayilimaza i-ego kasomandla.

2. "Universal - ndizakuyifumanisa kwaye ndiyenze"

Abantu abanjalo bafuna nje incwadi kunye nexesha elincinci - kwaye baya kusombulula ingxaki. Ngokuqhelekileyo banemvelaphi eqinile kwi-DevOps. Abajikelezi abanjalo abazikhathazi ngokuyila kwaye bakhetha ukusebenzisa indlela yophuhliso esekelwe kuphela kumava abo. Banokuba nengxoxo ngokulula kunye nesikhokelo sobugcisa malunga nokhetho olukhethiweyo lokuphumeza umsebenzi.

Yintoni abanamandla kuyo:

• ukuzimela
• ukumelana noxinzelelo;
• onobuchule kwimiba emininzi;
• erudite - kuhlala kukho into yokuthetha nabo.

Kodwa:

• ngokufuthi ukwaphula izibophelelo;
• ithande ukuntsonkotha yonke into: sombulula itafile yophinda-phindo ngokudibanisa ngamalungu;
• umgangatho womsebenzi uphantsi, yonke into isebenza ngamaxesha angama-2-3;
• Bahlala betshintsha imihla ebekiweyo, kuba eneneni yonke into ibonakala ingekho lula.

3. "Universal - kulungile, mandiyenze, kuba akukho mntu wumbi"

Umqeshwa wazi kakuhle kwiinkalo ezininzi kwaye unamava afanelekileyo. Kodwa uyasilela ukuba yingcaphephe kuyo nayiphi na kuzo, kuba uhlala esetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuphila, evala imingxuma kwimisebenzi yangoku. I-Pliable, esebenzayo, icinga ukuba iyimfuneko, kodwa ayikho.

Umsebenzi osebenzayo ofanelekileyo. Ngokunokwenzeka, unolwalathiso aluthandayo kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokungafihli kobuchule, uphuhliso alunakwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, umntu uzibeka emngciphekweni wokungafunwa kwaye atshiswe ngokweemvakalelo.

Yintoni abanamandla kuyo:

• uxanduva;
• ijolise kwiziphumo;
• ukuzola;
• ilawulwa ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa:

• bonisa iziphumo zomndilili ngenxa yezinga eliphantsi lobuchule;
• ayikwazi ukusombulula iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo nezingabonakaliyo.

4. “Umntu ojikelezayo lichule kubuchule bakhe”

Umntu onemvelaphi enzulu njengomphuhlisi unenkqubo yokucinga. UPedantic, efuna yena kunye neqela lakhe. Nawuphi na umsebenzi obandakanya yena unokukhula ngokungenammiselo ukuba akachazwanga imida.

Uqhelana kakuhle noyilo lwezakhiwo, ukhetha indlela yokuphunyezwa kobugcisa, uhlalutya ngokucophelela impembelelo yesisombululo esikhethiweyo kwisakhiwo samanje. Uthozamile, hayi amabhongo.

Yintoni abanamandla kuyo:

• bonisa umgangatho ophezulu womsebenzi;
• ekwaziyo ukusombulula nayiphi na ingxaki;
• esebenza kakhulu.

Kodwa:

• ukunganyamezeli iimbono zabanye;
• iimaximalists. Bazama ukwenza yonke into ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye oku kwandisa ixesha lophuhliso.

Yintoni esinayo ekusebenzeni?

Makhe sibone ukuba iindima kunye nobuchule budla ngokudityaniswa njani. Masithathe iqela lophuhliso olusemgangathweni njengendawo yokuqala: i-PO, umphathi wophuhliso (i-tech lead), abahlalutyi, abaprogram, abavavanyi. Asiyi kuqwalasela umnini wemveliso kunye nesikhokelo sobugcisa. Eyokuqala kungenxa yokunqongophala kobuchule bobugcisa. Owesibini, ukuba kukho iingxaki kwiqela, kufuneka akwazi ukwenza yonke into.

Inketho eqhelekileyo yokudibanisa / ukudibanisa / ukudibanisa ubuchule ngumphuhlisi-mhlalutyi. Umhlalutyi wokuvavanya kunye "nabathathu kwelinye" baxhaphake kakhulu.

Ndisebenzisa iqela lam njengomzekelo, ndiza kukubonisa izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zabanye oogxa bam. Kukho isithathu sabo kwiqela lam, kwaye ndibathanda kakhulu.

I-PO ifumene umsebenzi ongxamisekileyo wokwazisa amaxabiso amatsha kwimveliso ekhoyo. Iqela lam linabahlalutyi aba-4. Ngelo xesha, omnye wayesekhefini, omnye egula, kwaye abanye babandakanyeka ekuphunyezweni kwemisebenzi yobuchule. Ukuba ndithe ndazikhupha, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuphazamisa imihla ebekiweyo yokuphunyezwa. Inye kuphela indlela yokuphuma: ukusebenzisa "isixhobo esiyimfihlo" - umphuhlisi-mhlalutyi oguquguqukayo owazi kakuhle ummandla wesifundo esifunekayo. Masiyibize ngokuba nguAnatoly.

Uhlobo lobuntu bakhe "Kuyo yonke indawo - ndiza kuyiqonda kwaye ndiyenze". Ngokuqinisekileyo, wazama ixesha elide ukucacisa ukuba "unomsebenzi opheleleyo wemisebenzi yakhe," kodwa ngesigqibo sam esinamandla wathunyelwa ukuba asombulule ingxaki engxamisekileyo. Kwaye uAnatoly uyenzile! Wenza iqonga kwaye wagqiba ukuphunyezwa ngexesha, kwaye abathengi banelisekile.

Ekuqaleni, yonke into yahamba. Kodwa emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, iimfuno zokuphucula zavela kwakhona kule mveliso. Ngoku ukuqulunqwa kwale ngxaki kuqhutywe ngumhlalutyi "ococekileyo". Kwinqanaba lokuvavanya uphuhliso olutsha, ixesha elide asizange siqonde ukuba kutheni sineempazamo ekudibaniseni iirhafu ezintsha, kwaye emva koko, emva kokuyityhila yonke i-tangle, siye safika emazantsi enyaniso. Sichithe ixesha elininzi kwaye saphoswa ziintsuku ezibekiweyo.

Ingxaki yayikukuba amaxesha amaninzi afihliweyo kunye nemigibe yahlala kuphela kwintloko yesikhululo senqwelo yethu kwaye ayizange idluliselwe ephepheni. Njengoko uAnatoly wachazayo kamva, wayengxame kakhulu. Kodwa olona khetho lunokwenzeka kukuba wadibana neengxaki esele zikho ngexesha lophuhliso kwaye wazigqitha nje ngaphandle kokubonisa oku naphi na.

Kwakukho enye imeko. Ngoku sinomvavanyi omnye kuphela, ngoko ke eminye imisebenzi kufuneka ivavanywe ngabahlalutyi, kuquka neengcali ngokubanzi. Ke ngoko, ndinike umsebenzi omnye kwi-Fedor enemiqathango - "Kuyo yonke indawo - kulungile, mandiyenze, kuba akukho mntu wumbi".
I-Fedor "isithathu kwelinye", kodwa umphuhlisi sele enikezelwe kulo msebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba uFedya kwafuneka adibanise kuphela umhlalutyi kunye nomhloli.

Iimfuno ziqokelelwe, inkcazo ifakiwe kuphuhliso, lixesha lokuvavanya. UFedor uyazi ukuba inkqubo ilungiswa "njengomva wesandla sakhe" kwaye usebenze ngokucokisekileyo iimfuno zangoku. Ngoko ke, akazange azikhathaze ngokubhala izikripthi zokuvavanya, kodwa wenza uvavanyo malunga "nendlela inkqubo kufuneka isebenze ngayo", emva koko wayidlulisela kubasebenzisi.
Uvavanyo lwagqitywa, uhlaziyo lwaya kwimveliso. Kamva kwavela ukuba inkqubo ayizange inqunyanyiswe iintlawulo kwii-akhawunti ezithile zomncono kuphela, kodwa iphinde yavala iintlawulo ezivela kwii-akhawunti zangaphakathi ezinqabileyo kakhulu ebekungafanelanga ukuba zithathe inxaxheba koku.

Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba uFedor akazange ahlolisise indlela "inkqubo akufanele isebenze", ayizange icwangcise isicwangciso sovavanyo okanye uluhlu lokutshekisha. Wagqiba ekubeni alondoloze ixesha kwaye athembele kwithuku lakhe.

Sihlangabezana njani neengxaki?

Iimeko ezifana nezi zinefuthe ekusebenzeni kweqela, umgangatho wokukhulula, kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi. Ngoko ke, abanakushiywa ngaphandle kokuqwalaselwa kunye nohlalutyo lwezizathu.

1. Kumsebenzi ngamnye obangele ubunzima, ndikucela ukuba ugcwalise ifom edibeneyo: imephu yempazamo, ekuvumela ukuba uchonge inqanaba apho "ukutsalwa" kwenzeka:

2. Emva kokuchonga imiqobo, iseshoni yokubonisana ngengqondo ibanjwa kunye nomsebenzi ngamnye ophembelele ingxaki: "Yintoni enokwenziwa?" (asiyi kuqwalasela iimeko ezikhethekileyo kwi-retrospect), ngenxa yoko kuzalwa izenzo ezithile (ezichanekileyo kuhlobo ngalunye lobuntu) kunye nemihla yokugqibela.

3. Siye sazisa imithetho yonxibelelwano phakathi kweqela. Umzekelo, sivumelene ukuba sirekhode yonke ingcaciso malunga nenkqubela phambili yomsebenzi kwinkqubo yolawulo lweprojekthi. Xa i-artifacts iguqulwa / ichongiwe ngexesha lenkqubo yophuhliso, oku kufuneka kuboniswe kwisiseko solwazi kunye nenguqu yokugqibela yeenkcukacha zobugcisa.

4. Ulawulo lwaqala ukuqhutyelwa kwinqanaba ngalinye (ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kwiinqanaba eziyingxaki kwixesha elidlulileyo) kwaye ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zomsebenzi olandelayo.

5. Ukuba umphumo kumsebenzi olandelayo awutshintshanga, ngoko andiyikubeka umbuzo we-generalist kwindima ahlangabezana nayo kakubi. Ndizama ukuvavanya amandla akhe kunye nomnqweno wokuphuhlisa ubuchule kule ndima. Ukuba andiyifumani impendulo, ndimshiya kwindima esondeleyo kuye.

Kwenzeka ntoni ekugqibeleni?

Inkqubo yophuhliso iye yacaca ngakumbi. Umba we-BUS wehlile. Amalungu eqela, esebenza kwiimpazamo, akhuthazeke ngakumbi kwaye aphucule i-karma yawo. Siphucula ngokuthe ngcembe umgangatho wokukhutshwa kwethu.

ezifunyanisiweyo

Abasebenzi ngokubanzi banezinto ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zabo.

Iiplathi:

• ungavala umsebenzi wokuthoba nangaliphi na ixesha okanye usombulule i-bug engxamisekileyo ngexesha elifutshane;
• indlela edibeneyo yokusombulula ingxaki: umenzi uyayijonga kwimbono yazo zonke iindima;
• ii-generalists zinokwenza phantse yonke into ngokulinganayo.

Iingxaki:

• Ukwanda kwe-BUS factor;
• obona buchule bungundoqo obukhoyo kule ndima butshabalele. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho womsebenzi uyancipha;
• ukuba nokwenzeka kokutshintsha kwemihla ebekiweyo kuyanda, kuba akukho lulawulo kwinqanaba ngalinye. Kukwakho nemingcipheko yokukhula “kwenkwenkwezi”: umqeshwa uqinisekile ukuba wazi ngcono ukuba ungumdlali;
• umngcipheko wokudinwa kweengcali uyenyuka;
• ulwazi oluninzi olubalulekileyo malunga neprojekthi lunokuhlala kuphela "entloko" yomqeshwa.

Njengoko ubona, kukho iintsilelo ezininzi. Ke ngoko, ndisebenzisa ii-generalists kuphela ukuba akukho zixhobo zaneleyo kwaye umsebenzi ungxamisekile. Okanye umntu unobuchule abangenabo abanye, kodwa umgangatho usengozini.

Ukuba umgaqo wokusasazwa kweendima ubonwa kumsebenzi odibeneyo kumsebenzi, ngoko umgangatho womsebenzi uyanda. Sijonga iingxaki kwii-angles ezahlukeneyo, umbono wethu awufiphali, iingcinga ezintsha zihlala zivela. Kwangaxeshanye, ilungu ngalinye leqela linalo lonke ithuba lokukhula kobuchule kunye nokwandiswa kobuchule babo.

Ndiyakholelwa ukuba eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuziva ubandakanyeka kwinkqubo, ukwenza umsebenzi wakho, ngokuthe ngcembe ukwandisa ububanzi bobuchule bakho. Nangona kunjalo, i-generalists kwiqela lizisa inzuzo: into ephambili kukuqinisekisa ukuba badibanisa ngokufanelekileyo iindima ezahlukeneyo.

Ndinqwenela ukuba wonke umntu abe neqela elizilungiselelayo "leenkosi zehlabathi jikelele zobuchule babo"!

umthombo: www.habr.com