Kumanqaku adlulileyo, sele sijongile ukuba yintoni na i-IDM, ukuqonda ukuba ngaba umbutho wakho uyayidinga na inkqubo enjalo, zeziphi iingxaki ezizisombululayo, kunye nendlela yokuphumeza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kubaphathi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngamanqanaba abalulekileyo ekufuneka umbutho ngokwawo udlule kuwo ukuze ufikelele kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokuvuthwa phambi kokuphumeza inkqubo ye-IDM. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, i-IDM yenzelwe ukuzenzekelayo iinkqubo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukwenza isiphithiphithi.
Ide inkampani ikhule ukuya kubukhulu beshishini elikhulu kwaye iqokelele uninzi lweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ngokuqhelekileyo ayicingi malunga nolawulo lokufikelela. Ngoko ke, iinkqubo zokufumana amalungelo kunye nokulawula amagunya kuyo ayilungiswanga kwaye kunzima ukuyihlalutya. Abasebenzi bagcwalisa izicelo zofikelelo njengoko benqwenela; inkqubo yokwamkelwa nayo ayimiselwanga ngokusesikweni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isuke ingabikho. Akunakwenzeka ukukhawuleza ukufumanisa ukuba umqeshwa unokufikelela phi, ngubani owamkelweyo kunye nokuba yintoni isiseko.
Ukuqwalasela ukuba inkqubo yokufikelela ngokuzenzekelayo ichaphazela imiba emibini ephambili - idatha yabasebenzi kunye nedatha evela kwiinkqubo zolwazi apho ukuhlanganiswa kufuneka kuqhutywe khona, siya kuqwalasela amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwe-IdM kuhamba kakuhle kwaye akubangeli ukukhatywa:
- Uhlalutyo lweenkqubo zabasebenzi kunye nokwandisa inkxaso yedatha yabasebenzi kwiinkqubo zabasebenzi.
- Uhlalutyo lwedatha yabasebenzisi kunye namalungelo, kunye nokuhlaziya iindlela zolawulo lokufikelela kwiinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo ezicwangciselwe ukuqhagamshelwa kwi-IDM.
- Imisebenzi yombutho kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabasebenzi kwinkqubo yokulungiselela ukuphunyezwa kwe-IDM.
Idatha yabasebenzi
Kusenokubakho umthombo omnye wedatha yabasebenzi kumbutho, okanye kunokubakho uninzi. Umzekelo, umbutho unokuba nothungelwano lwamasebe olubanzi ngokwaneleyo, kwaye isebe ngalinye linokusebenzisa isiseko salo sabasebenzi.
Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ukuba yeyiphi idatha esisiseko malunga nabasebenzi egcinwe kwinkqubo yeerekhodi zabasebenzi, zeziphi iziganeko ezirekhodwayo, kwaye zivavanye ukuphelela kwazo kunye nesakhiwo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba ayizizo zonke iziganeko zabasebenzi eziqatshelweyo kumthombo wabasebenzi (kwaye nangakumbi ziqatshelwa ngokungalindelekanga kwaye azichanekanga ngokupheleleyo). Nantsi imizekelo eqhelekileyo:
- Amagqabi, iindidi zawo kunye nemigaqo (eqhelekileyo okanye yexesha elide) ayibhalwanga;
- Umsebenzi wesingxungxo awubhalwanga: umzekelo, ngelixa ukwikhefu lexesha elide lokunyamekela umntwana, umqeshwa angasebenza kwangaxeshanye;
- eyona meko yomfundi okanye yomqeshwa sele itshintshile (ukwamkelwa/ukudluliselwa/ukugxothwa), kwaye umyalelo wesi siganeko ukhutshwa ngokulibaziseka;
- umqeshwa utshintshelwa kwisikhundla esitsha rhoqo ngokugxothwa, ngelixa inkqubo yabasebenzi ingabhali ulwazi lokuba oku kugxothwa kobugcisa.
Kukwafanelekile ukunikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekuvavanyeni umgangatho wedatha, ekubeni naziphi na iimpazamo kunye nokungachaneki okufunyenwe kumthombo othembekileyo, okuyinkqubo ye-HR, kunokuba yindleko kwixesha elizayo kwaye kubangele iingxaki ezininzi xa kuphunyezwa i-IdM. Ngokomzekelo, abasebenzi bakwa-HR bahlala befaka izikhundla zabasebenzi kwinkqubo yabasebenzi kwiifomathi ezahlukeneyo: oonobumba abakhulu kunye nabancinci, izifinyezo, amanani ahlukeneyo ezithuba, kunye nokunye okunjalo. Ngenxa yoko, isikhundla esifanayo sinokurekhodwa kwisistim yabasebenzi kolu tshintsho lulandelayo:
- Umlawuli omkhulu
- umlawuli omkhulu
- umlawuli omkhulu
- Ubugcisa. umphathi...
Rhoqo kufuneka ujongane nomahluko kupelo lwegama lakho:
- Shmeleva Natalya Gennadievna,
- Shmeleva Natalia Gennadievna...
Ukuqhubela phambili okuzenzekelayo, i-jumble enjalo ayimkelekanga, ngakumbi ukuba ezi mpawu ziluphawu oluphambili lokuchongwa, oko kukuthi, idatha malunga nomqeshwa kunye namandla akhe kwiinkqubo zifaniswa ngokuchanekileyo ngegama elipheleleyo.
Ukongeza, asifanele silibale malunga nobukho obunokwenzeka bamagama kunye namagama apheleleyo kwinkampani. Ukuba umbutho unabasebenzi abaliwaka, kunokubakho iimidlalo ezimbalwa ezinjalo, kodwa ukuba kukho amawaka angama-50, oku kunokuba ngumqobo obalulekileyo ekusebenzeni okuchanekileyo kwenkqubo ye-IDM.
Ukushwankathela konke oku ngasentla, siphetha: ifomathi yokufaka idatha kwisiseko sedatha yabasebenzi bentlangano kufuneka ifane. Imilinganiselo yokufaka amagama, izikhundla kunye namasebe kufuneka ichazwe ngokucacileyo. Eyona ndlela ingcono xa umqeshwa we-HR engayifaki idatha ngesandla, kodwa ukhetha kwi-directory edalwe kwangaphambili yesakhiwo samasebe kunye nezikhundla usebenzisa "ukhetho" umsebenzi okhoyo kwisiseko sedatha yabasebenzi.
Ukunqanda ezinye iimpazamo kungqamaniso kwaye akufuneki ulungise ngesandla ukungangqinelani kwiingxelo, eyona ndlela ikhethwayo yokuchonga abasebenzi kukufaka isazisi kubasebenzi bonke bombutho. Isazisi esinjalo siya kwabelwa kumqeshwa ngamnye omtsha kwaye siya kubonakala zombini kwinkqubo yabasebenzi nakwiinkqubo zolwazi zombutho njengophawu lweakhawunti olunyanzelekileyo. Akunandaba nokuba iqulethwe ngamanani okanye iileta, into ephambili kukuba iyingqayizivele kumqeshwa ngamnye (umzekelo, abantu abaninzi basebenzisa inombolo yabasebenzi bomqeshwa). Kwixesha elizayo, ukuqaliswa kolu phawu kuya kuququzelela kakhulu ukudityaniswa kwedatha yomqeshwa kumthombo wabasebenzi kunye neeakhawunti zakhe kunye namagunya kwiinkqubo zolwazi.
Ngoko ke, onke amanyathelo kunye neendlela zeerekhodi zabasebenzi kuya kufuneka zihlalutywe kwaye zibekwe ngolungelelwano. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye iinkqubo kuya kufuneka zitshintshwe okanye zilungiswe. Lo ngumsebenzi onzima kunye nobuhlungu, kodwa kuyimfuneko, ngaphandle koko ukungabikho kwedatha ecacileyo kunye necwangcisiweyo kwiziganeko zabasebenzi kuya kukhokelela kwiimpazamo ekusebenzeni kwazo ngokuzenzekelayo. Kwimeko embi kakhulu, iinkqubo ezingacwangciswanga aziyi kukwazi ukuzenzekelayo kuzo zonke.
Iinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo
Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, kufuneka siqonde ukuba zingaphi iinkqubo zolwazi esifuna ukuzidibanisa kwisakhiwo se-IDM, yeyiphi idatha malunga nabasebenzisi kunye namalungelo abo agcinwe kwezi nkqubo, kunye nendlela yokulawula.
Kwimibutho emininzi, kukho uluvo lokuba siya kufaka i-IdM, siqwalasele iziqhagamshelo kwiinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo, kunye ne-wave ye-wand yomlingo yonke into iya kusebenza, ngaphandle komzamo owongezelelweyo kwicala lethu. Oko, yeha, akwenzeki. Kwiinkampani, imbonakalo yenkqubo yolwazi iyaphuhla kwaye iyanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Inkqubo nganye ingaba nendlela eyahlukileyo yokunika amalungelo okufikelela, oko kukuthi, ujongano lolawulo lokufikelela olwahlukileyo lunokuqwalaselwa. Ulawulo oluthile lwenzeka nge-API (i-interface yeprogram yesicelo), kwenye indawo ngokusebenzisa i-database usebenzisa iinkqubo ezigciniweyo, kwindawo ethile kungabikho i-interfaces yentsebenziswano kwaphela. Kufuneka ulungele ukuba kuya kufuneka uphinde uhlolisise iinkqubo ezininzi ezikhoyo zokulawula ii-akhawunti kunye namalungelo kwiinkqubo zombutho: tshintsha ifomathi yedatha, uphucule unxibelelwano lokusebenzisana kwangaphambili kwaye unike izibonelelo kulo msebenzi.
Isibonelo
Mhlawumbi uya kufumana ingqikelelo yomzekelo kwinqanaba lokukhetha umboneleli wesisombululo se-IDM, kuba le yenye yeengqikelelo eziphambili kulawulo lwamalungelo ofikelelo. Kulo mzekelo, ukufikelela kwidatha kunikezelwa ngendima. Indima yiseti yokufikelela ekuyimfuneko kancinane kumqeshwa okwisikhundla esithile ukuba enze uxanduva lwakhe lomsebenzi.
Ulawulo lofikelelo olusekwe kwindima luneqela leenzuzo ezingenakuphikiswa:
- kulula kwaye iyasebenza ukunika amalungelo afanayo kwinani elikhulu labasebenzi;
- ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ukufikelela kwabasebenzi abanamalungelo afanayo;
- Ukuphelisa ukungafuneki kwamalungelo kunye nokunciphisa amandla angahambelaniyo kubasebenzisi.
Indima ye-matrix kuqala yakhiwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwinkqubo nganye yombutho, kwaye emva koko ilinganiswe kuyo yonke i-IT landscape, apho iindima zeShishini zehlabathi zenziwa kwiindima zenkqubo nganye. Umzekelo, indima yoShishino "i-Akhawuntingi" iya kubandakanya iindima ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo nganye yolwazi esetyenziswa kwisebe locwangciso-mali lweshishini.
Kutshanje, kuye kwabonwa "njengeyona ndlela ilungileyo" ukwenza umzekelo nakwinqanaba lokuphuhlisa izicelo, ii-database kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza. Kwangaxeshanye, kukho iimeko xa iindima zingamiselwanga kwinkqubo okanye azikho. Kule meko, umlawuli wale nkqubo kufuneka afake ulwazi lwe-akhawunti kwiifayile ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, iilayibrari kunye nabalawuli ababonelela ngeemvume eziyimfuneko. Ukusetyenziswa kweendima ezichazwe kwangaphambili kukuvumela ukuba unike amalungelo okwenza uluhlu olupheleleyo lwemisebenzi kwinkqubo enedatha edibeneyo eyinkimbinkimbi.
Iindima kwinkqubo yolwazi, njengomthetho, zisasazwa kwizikhundla kunye namasebe ngokuhambelana nolwakhiwo lwabasebenzi, kodwa zinokudalelwa iinkqubo ezithile zoshishino. Ngokomzekelo, kwintlangano yezemali, abasebenzi abaninzi besebe lokuhlalisa bahlala kwindawo efanayo - umqhubi. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwisebe kukho kwakhona ukuhanjiswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza (zangaphandle okanye zangaphakathi, kwiimali ezahlukeneyo, kunye namacandelo ahlukeneyo ombutho). Ukuze unikeze indawo nganye yoshishino yesebe elinye ukufikelela kwinkqubo yolwazi ngokweenkcukacha ezifunekayo, kuyimfuneko ukubandakanya amalungelo kwiindima zomsebenzi ngamnye. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba kube lula ukubonelela ngenani elincinci lamagunya aneleyo, angabandakanyi amalungelo angafunekiyo, kwindawo nganye yomsebenzi.
Ukongeza, kwiinkqubo ezinkulu ezinamakhulu eendima, amawaka abasebenzisi, kunye nezigidi zeemvume, yinto elungileyo ukusebenzisa uluhlu lweendima kunye nelungelo lelifa. Umzekelo, indima yomzali UMlawuli uya kuzuza amalungelo eendima zomntwana: Umsebenzisi kunye noMfundi, ekubeni uMlawuli angenza yonke into eyenziwa nguMsebenzisi kunye noMfundi, kunye uya kuba namalungelo olawulo olongezelelweyo. Ukusebenzisa i-hierarchy, akukho mfuneko yokuphinda ucacise amalungelo afanayo kwiindima ezininzi zemodyuli enye okanye inkqubo.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, unokwenza iindima kwezo nkqubo apho inani elinokwenzeka lokudibanisa kwamalungelo alilikhulu kakhulu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kulula ukulawula inani elincinci leendima. La ingangamalungelo aqhelekileyo afunwa ngabo bonke abasebenzi benkampani kwiinkqubo ezifikeleleka esidlangalaleni ezifana ne-Active Directory (AD), iisistim zeposi, uMphathi weNkonzo kunye nokunye okunjalo. Emva koko, iimatriki zendima ezenziweyo kwiinkqubo zolwazi zingabandakanywa kwimodeli yendima ngokubanzi, idibanise kwiindima zeShishini.
Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, kwixesha elizayo, xa kuphunyezwa inkqubo ye-IdM, kuya kuba lula ukuzenzela yonke inkqubo yokunikezelwa kwamalungelo ngokusekwe kwiindima ezidaliweyo zenqanaba lokuqala.
NB Akufanele uzame ukubandakanya ngokukhawuleza iinkqubo ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kuhlanganiso. Kungcono ukudibanisa iinkqubo ezinolwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo kunye nolawulo lofikelelo kubume bolawulo kwi-IdM kwimowudi ezenzekelayo kwinqanaba lokuqala. Oko kukuthi, ukuphumeza, ngokusekelwe kwiziganeko zabasebenzi, kuphela isizukulwana esizenzekelayo sesicelo sokufikelela, esiza kuthunyelwa kumlawuli ukuze aphunyezwe, kwaye uya kuqwalasela amalungelo ngesandla.
Emva kokugqiba ngempumelelo isigaba sokuqala, unokwandisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo kwiinkqubo ezintsha zoshishino ezandisiweyo, ukuphumeza i-automation epheleleyo kunye nokulinganisa kunye nokudibanisa kweenkqubo zolwazi olongezelelweyo.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukulungiselela ukuphunyezwa kwe-IDM, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola ukulungela kweenkqubo zolwazi ukulungiselela inkqubo entsha kunye nokuqukunjelwa kwangaphambili unxibelelwano lwangaphandle lokulawula ii-akhawunti zabasebenzisi kunye namalungelo abasebenzisi, ukuba ujongano olunjalo alukho. ekhoyo kwinkqubo. Umba wokuyilwa kwamanyathelo ngamanyathelo kwiinkqubo zolwazi ukulungiselela ulawulo olubanzi lokufikelela nawo kufuneka uphononongwe.
Iziganeko zombutho
Musa ukuyinciphisa imiba yombutho. Kwezinye iimeko, banokudlala indima ebalulekileyo, kuba umphumo weprojekthi yonke uhlala uxhomekeke kwintsebenziswano esebenzayo phakathi kwamasebe. Ukwenza oku, ngokuqhelekileyo sicebisa ukudala iqela labathathi-nxaxheba benkqubo kwintlangano, eya kubandakanya onke amasebe abandakanyekayo. Ekubeni lo ngumthwalo owongezelelweyo kubantu, zama ukucacisa kwangaphambili kubo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo yexesha elizayo indima yabo kunye nokubaluleka kwisakhiwo sokusebenzisana. Ukuba "uthengisa" umbono we-IdM koogxa bakho kweli nqanaba, unokunqanda ubunzima obuninzi kwixesha elizayo.
Amaxesha amaninzi ukhuseleko lolwazi okanye amasebe e-IT “ngabanini” beprojekthi yokuphunyezwa kwe-IDM kwinkampani, kwaye izimvo zamasebe oshishino azithathelwa ngqalelo. Le yimpazamo enkulu, kuba kuphela bayazi ukuba njani kwaye kweziphi iinkqubo zoshishino zisetyenziselwa isibonelelo ngasinye, ngubani omele anikwe ukufikelela kuwo kwaye ngubani ongafanele. Ngoko ke, kwinqanaba lokulungiselela, kubalulekile ukubonisa ukuba ngumnini-shishini ojongene nomzekelo osebenzayo ngokusekelwe apho iiseti zamalungelo abasebenzisi (iindima) kwinkqubo yolwazi ziphuhliswa, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ezi ndima zigcinwa zihlaziyiwe. I-role model ayikho imatrix emileyo eyakhiwe kube kanye kwaye unokuzola kuyo. Lo "umzimba ophilayo" omele utshintshe rhoqo, uhlaziywe kwaye uphuhlise, emva kweenguqu kwisakhiwo sombutho kunye nokusebenza kwabasebenzi. Kungenjalo, mhlawumbi iingxaki ziya kuvela ezinxulunyaniswa nokulibaziseka ekuboneleleni ngofikelelo, okanye umngcipheko wokhuseleko wolwazi uya kuvela unxulunyaniswa namalungelo okufikelela ngokugqithisileyo, nto leyo imbi ngakumbi.
Njengoko usazi, "iinannies ezisixhenxe zinomntwana ongenaliso," ke inkampani kufuneka iphuhlise indlela echaza uyilo lomzekelo, intsebenziswano kunye noxanduva lwabathathi-nxaxheba abathile kwinkqubo yokugcina ihlaziyiwe. Ukuba inkampani ineendawo ezininzi zomsebenzi weshishini kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, amacandelo amaninzi kunye namasebe, ngoko ke kwindawo nganye (umzekelo, ukuboleka, umsebenzi wokusebenza, iinkonzo ezikude, ukuthotyelwa kunye nabanye) njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokulawula ukufikelela kwindima, oko Kuyimfuneko ukutyumba abagcini abahlukeneyo. Ngabo kuya kwenzeka ukuba bafumane ngokukhawuleza ulwazi malunga neenguqu kwisakhiwo sesebe kunye namalungelo okufikelela afunekayo kwindima nganye.
Kunyanzelekile ukukhangela inkxaso yolawulo lombutho ukusombulula iimeko zongquzulwano phakathi kwamasebe athatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo. Kwaye iingxabano xa uzisa nayiphi na inkqubo entsha ayinakuphepheka, kholwa ngamava ethu. Ngoko ke, sifuna umlamli oya kusombulula iingxabano zomdla ezinokubakho, ukuze singachithi ixesha ngenxa yokungaqondani kunye nokutshabalalisa omnye umntu.
NB Indawo elungileyo yokuqalisa ukwazisa kukuqeqesha abasebenzi bakho. Uphononongo olunzulu malunga nokusebenza kwenkqubo yexesha elizayo kunye nendima yomthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye kuyo iya kunciphisa ubunzima bokutshintshela kwisisombululo esitsha.
Jonga uluhlu
Ukushwankathela, sishwankathela amanyathelo aphambili ekufuneka umbutho oceba ukuphumeza i-IdM uwathathe:
- ukuzisa ucwangco kwidatha yabasebenzi;
- ngenisa ipharamitha yokuzazisa eyodwa kumqeshwa ngamnye;
- ukuvavanya ukulungela kweenkqubo zolwazi ekuphunyezweni kwe-IDM;
- phuhlisa unxibelelwano lwentsebenziswano neenkqubo zolwazi zolawulo lofikelelo, ukuba zilahlekile, kwaye zabelwe izibonelelo kulo msebenzi;
- ukuphuhlisa nokwakha umntu ongumzekelo;
- ukwakha inkqubo yokulawula imodeli engumzekelo kwaye iquke abagcini beshishini kwindawo nganye kuyo;
- khetha iindlela ezininzi zoqhagamshelo lokuqala kwi-IDM;
- dala iqela leprojekthi elisebenzayo;
- ukufumana inkxaso kubaphathi benkampani;
- abasebenzi bakaloliwe.
Inkqubo yokulungiselela ingaba nzima, ngoko ke ukuba kunokwenzeka, babandakanye abacebisi.
Ukuphunyezwa kwesisombululo se-IdM linyathelo elinzima nelinoxanduva, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwayo ngempumelelo, zombini iinzame zeqela ngalinye ngabanye - abasebenzi bamasebe oshishino, i-IT kunye neenkonzo zokhuseleko lolwazi, kunye nokusebenzisana kweqela lonke libalulekile. Kodwa iinzame zifanelekile: emva kokuphumeza i-IdM kwinkampani, inani lezehlo ezinxulumene namagunya agqithisileyo kunye namalungelo angagunyaziswanga kwiinkqubo zolwazi ziyancipha; ixesha lokungasebenzi ngenxa yokunqongophala / ixesha elide lokulinda amalungelo ayimfuneko liyanyamalala; Ngenxa yokuzenzekelayo, iindleko zabasebenzi ziyancitshiswa kwaye imveliso yabasebenzi ye-IT kunye neenkonzo zokhuseleko lolwazi zanda.
umthombo: www.habr.com