Intombazana kwi-scooter. Umzekeliso zintwk, Nomad logo ukusuka IHashiCorp

I-Kubernetes yigorila ye-300 yeponti ye-orchestration yesikhongozeli. Isebenza kwezinye zezona nkqubo zinkulu emhlabeni, kodwa iyabiza.

Ibiza kakhulu kumaqela amancinane, nto leyo eya kufuna ixesha elininzi lenkxaso kunye nomnqantsa wokufunda. Oku kungaphezulu kakhulu kwiqela lethu labane. Ke saqala ukukhangela ezinye iindlela - kwaye sathandana Nomad.

Ingaba ufuna ntoni

Iqela lethu lixhasa inani leenkonzo eziqhelekileyo zokubeka iliso kunye nohlalutyo: i-API endpoints yeemetrics ezibhalwe kwi-Go, Prometheus exports, log parsers ezifana neLogstash kunye IGollum, kunye nogcino-lwazi olufana ne-InfluxDB okanye i-Elasticsearch. Nganye kwezi nkonzo iqhutywa kwisikhongozeli sayo. Sifuna inkqubo elula ukuyigcina isebenza.

Siqale ngoluhlu lweemfuno zeokhestra yesikhongozeli:

• Ukuqhuba iseti yeenkonzo koomatshini abaninzi.
• Ushwankathelo lweenkonzo eziqhutywayo.
• Unxulumano phakathi kweenkonzo.
• Ukuqalisa kwakhona ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba inkonzo iyehla.
• Ukugcinwa kweziseko zophuhliso liqela elincinci.

Ukongeza, ezi zinto zilandelayo ziya kuba mnandi, kodwa azifuneki ukongezwa:

• Imishini yokumaka ngokusekelwe kwizakhono zabo (umzekelo, ukumaka oomatshini abaneediski ezikhawulezayo kwiinkonzo ezinzima ze-I / O).
• Ukukwazi ukuqhuba iinkonzo ngokuzimeleyo kwi-orchestrator (umzekelo, ngexesha lophuhliso).
• Indawo eqhelekileyo yokwabelana ngolungelelwaniso kunye neemfihlo.
• Isiphelo seemetriki kunye neelog.

Kutheni uKubernetes engasifanelanga

Njengoko senza iprototypes kunye ne-Kubernetes, siye saqaphela ukuba songeza iileya ezintsonkothileyo eziya zisiba nzima esixhomekeke kuzo kakhulu.

Njengomzekelo, i-Kubernetes ixhasa ulungelelwaniso lwenkonzo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi nge ConfigMaps. Unokukhawuleza ubhideke, ngakumbi xa udibanisa iifayile ezininzi zoqwalaselo okanye ukongeza iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo kwipod. Kubernetes (okanye ntloko kulo mzekelo) ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngokuguquguqukayo ulungelelwaniso lwangaphandle ukwahlula iinkxalabo. Kodwa oku kukhokelela ekudibaneni okuqinileyo, okufihliweyo phakathi kweprojekthi yakho kunye neKubernetes. Nangona kunjalo, iHelm kunye neConfigMaps ziinketho ezongezelelweyo, ngoko akufuneki uzisebenzise. Unokukhuphela ngokulula uqwalaselo kumfanekiso weDocker. Nangona kunjalo, kuyahenda ukuhla ngale ndlela kwaye wakhe izinto ezingafunekiyo onokuthi uzisole kamva.

Ukongeza, iKubernetes ecosystem ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kuthatha ixesha elininzi kunye namandla ukuhlala usazi ngezona zenzo zibalaseleyo kunye nezixhobo zamva nje. Kubectl, minikube, kubeadm, helm, tiller, kops, oc - uluhlu luyaqhubeka kwaye luqhubeke. Ayizizo zonke ezi zixhobo ezifunekayo xa uqala, kodwa awuyazi into oza kuyidinga, ngoko kufuneka uqaphele yonke into. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho wokufunda ulula kakhulu.

Kusetyenziswa nini iKubernetes

Kwinkampani yethu, abantu abaninzi basebenzisa iKubernetes kwaye bonwabile ngayo. Le mizekelo ilawulwa nguGoogle okanye i-Amazon, enezixhobo zokuxhasa.

UKubernetes uza nayo iimpawu ezimangalisayo, eyenza i-orchestration yesikhongozeli kwisikali ilawuleke ngakumbi:

• Iinkcukacha ulawulo lwamalungelo.
• abalawuli Custom yongeza ingqiqo kwiqela. Ezi ziinkqubo ngokulula ezithetha neKubernetes API.
• Autoscaling! I-Kubernetes inokulinganisa iinkonzo kwimfuno usebenzisa i-metrics zenkonzo kwaye ngaphandle kokufuna ungenelelo lwezandla.

Umbuzo ngowokuba ngaba ufuna ngokwenene zonke ezi mpawu. Awunako ukuxhomekeka nje kwizinto ezithathwayo; kuya kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni phantsi kwehood.

Iqela lethu libonelela ngeenkonzo ezininzi ukude (ngenxa yoqhagamshelo olusondeleyo kwiziseko ezingundoqo), ngoko ke asikhange sifune ukuphakamisa eyethu iqela leKubernetes. Besifuna nje ukubonelela ngeenkonzo.

Iibhetri azifakwanga

I-Nomad yi-20% yeokhestra ebonelela nge-80% yezinto ezifunekayo. Ekwenzayo kukulawula ukusasazwa. I-Nomad inyamekela ukuthunyelwa, iphinda iqalise izikhongozeli xa kukho iimpazamo ... kwaye yiloo nto.

Yonke ingongoma kaNomad yile nto ayenzayo ubuncinci: akukho lawulo lwamalungelo egranular okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yothungelwano eyandisiweyo, oku kuyilwe ngokukhethekileyo. La macandelo abonelelwa ngaphandle okanye hayi kwaphela.

Ndicinga ukuba uNomad ufumene ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo phakathi kokulula kokusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ilungile kwiinkonzo ezincinci, ezizimeleyo. Ukuba ufuna ulawulo olungaphezulu, kuya kufuneka uzikhulise ngokwakho okanye usebenzise indlela eyahlukileyo. UNomad nguye nje okhestra.

Eyona nto ingcono ngoNomad kukuba kulula buyisela. Akukho xhulumaniso kumthengisi, kuba imisebenzi yayo idityaniswa ngokulula kuyo nayiphi na enye inkqubo elawula iinkonzo. Ibaleka nje njengebhinary eqhelekileyo kuwo wonke umatshini kwiqela, kuphelele apho!

I-ecosystem enomad yamalungu adityaniswe ngokukhululekileyo

Amandla okwenene kaNomad yi-ecosystem yayo. Idibanisa kakuhle kakhulu nezinye - ozikhethelayo ngokupheleleyo - iimveliso ezifana Umthengi (isitshixo-ixabiso ivenkile) okanye igumbi elinqatyisiweyo lokugcina imali nezinto zexabiso (ukusetyenzwa kweemfihlo). Ngaphakathi kwifayile yeNomad kukho amacandelo okukhupha idatha kwezi nkonzo:

template {
  data = <<EOH
LOG_LEVEL="{{key "service/geo-api/log-verbosity"}}"
API_KEY="{{with secret "secret/geo-api-key"}}{{.Data.value}}{{end}}"
EOH

  destination = "secrets/file.env"
  env         = true
}

Apha sifunda isitshixo service/geo-api/log-verbosity ukusuka ku-Consul kwaye ngelixa sisebenza siyibeka kutshintsho lwendalo LOG_LEVEL. Sikwabonisa isitshixo secret/geo-api-key ukusuka kwiVault njenge API_KEY. Ilula kodwa inamandla!

Ngenxa yobulula bayo, i-Nomad yandiswa ngokulula kunye nezinye iinkonzo nge-API. Umzekelo, iithegi zemisebenzi ziyaxhaswa. Sithega zonke iinkonzo ngee-metrics trv-metrics. Ngale ndlela i-Prometheus inokufumana lula ezi nkonzo nge-Consul kwaye ujonge ixesha lokugqibela /metrics kwidatha entsha. Okufanayo kunokwenziwa, umzekelo, kwiilogi, usebenzisa ULoki.

Kukho eminye imizekelo emininzi yokwandiswa:

• Yenza umsebenzi we-Jenkins usebenzisa i-hook, kwaye u-Consul ubeka esweni ukusasazwa kwakhona komsebenzi we-Nomad xa uhlengahlengiso lwenkonzo lutshintsha.
• I-Ceph yongeza inkqubo yefayile esasaziweyo kuNomad.
• fabio yokulinganisa umthwalo.

Konke oku kuyakuvumela ukuphuhlisa iziseko ezingundoqo ngaphandle koqhagamshelwano olukhethekileyo kumthengisi.

Isilumkiso esifanelekileyo

Akukho nkqubo igqibeleleyo. Andicebisi ngokukhawuleza ukwazisa ezona mpawu zintsha kwimveliso. Ewe kukho iibhugi kunye nezinto ezingekhoyo, kodwa kuyafana nakwiKubernetes.

Xa kuthelekiswa neKubernetes, uluntu lweNomad alukho lukhulu. I-Kubernetes sele inezibophelelo ezimalunga nama-75 kunye nabaxhasi abangama-000, ngelixa uNomad enezinto ezimalunga ne-2000 kunye nama-14 abaxhasi. I-Nomad iya kuba nzima ukugcina kunye nesantya se-Kubernetes, kodwa mhlawumbi akufuneki! Yinkqubo ekhethekileyo ngakumbi, kwaye uluntu oluncinci lukwathetha ukuba isicelo sakho sokutsalwa kunokwenzeka ukuba siqatshelwe kwaye samkelwe, xa kuthelekiswa neKubernetes.

Isishwankathelo

Umgca osezantsi: Musa ukusebenzisa iKubernetes kuba wonke umntu uyayenza. Zivavanye iimfuno zakho ngononophelo kwaye ujonge ukuba sesiphi isixhobo esiluncedo ngakumbi.

Ukuba uceba ukuhambisa itoni yeenkonzo ezilinganayo kwisiseko esikhulu, ngoko i-Kubernetes yinto efanelekileyo. Qaphela nje ukongezwa kobunzima kunye neendleko zokusebenza. Ezinye iindleko zinokuphetshwa ngokusebenzisa indawo elawulwayo ye-Kubernetes efana Injini yeGoogle Kubernetes okanye Amazon EKS.

Ukuba ujonge iokhestra ethembekileyo ekulula ukuyigcina kwaye yandiswe, kutheni ungazami uNomad? Unokumangaliswa ukuba oku kuya kukuthatha kangakanani na.

Ukuba iKubernetes ithelekiswa nemoto, uNomad uya kuba sisithuthuthu. Ngamanye amaxesha udinga enye into kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ufuna enye. Omabini anelungelo lokuphila.

umthombo: www.habr.com