I-VPS kwi-Linux ene-graphical interface: ukwazisa iseva ye-X2Go ku-Ubuntu 18.04

Iisetingi VNC и I-RDP Sele sifundile kumncedisi wenyani, kusasele kuphonononga enye inketho yokuqhagamshela kwiLinux yedesktop. Amathuba adalwe yinkampani AkukhoMachine umthetho olandelwayo NX zinika umdla kakhulu, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kwiitshaneli ezicothayo. Izisombululo ze-brand server zibiza kakhulu (abaxumi bakhululekile), kodwa kukho ukuphunyezwa kwamahhala, okuya kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku - inkqubo X2 Hamba. Yasulwa kwiprojekthi yomthombo ovulekileyo MahalaNX, xa uNoMachine wayeka ukumxhasa kwaye wamvumela ukuba adada ngokukhululekile.

Isiqulatho:

• Ukuhlohla imeko-bume yegraphical
• Ukwenziwa kweRussification yeseva kunye nofakelo lwesoftware
• Ukuhlohla iseva ye-X2Go
• UQhagamshelwano lweDesktop
• Ukwenza usetyenziso kwikhompyuter ekude
• Izibonelelo zeX2Go

Ukuhlohla imeko-bume yegraphical

Idesktop yomzobo enenyani kwiLinux ayifuni matshini unamandla de umsebenzisi aqalise ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zesicelo. Kwiimvavanyo, siya kuthatha i-avareji eyomeleleyo ye-Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS ene-computing cores ezimbini, iigigabhayithi ezine ze-RAM kunye ne-hard drive ye-gigabyte engamashumi amabini (HDD). Imifanekiso ye-Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS sele ikhona kwi-RuVDS; inkqubo yokuseta inguqulelo yamva nje iya kufana. Ungalibali ukusebenzisa ikhowudi ye-promo Habrahabr10 ukufumana isaphulelo se-10% kwi-odolo yakho.

Siphinda sikhethe i-XFCE njengendawo engqongileyo yedesktop ngenxa yeemfuno ezisezantsi zezixhobo zekhompyuter. Ukongeza, akukho ngxaki zisebenzisa le DE ngokufikelela kude kwindawo enenyani:

sudo apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodies xorg dbus-x11 x11-xserver-utils

Ukwenziwa kweRussification yeseva kunye nofakelo lwesoftware

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukusetha indawo yendawo kwaye ufake isethi encinci yeenkqubo zesicelo: isiphequluli, umxhasi we-imeyile kunye ne-ofisi yeofisi. Okokuqala, fakela iinguqulelo zenkqubo yenkqubo:

sudo apt-get install language-pack-ru

Masiseke ukwenziwa kwendawo:

sudo update-locale LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8

Isiphumo esifanayo sinokufezekiswa ngokuhlela ngesandla /etc/default/locale.

Ukwenziwa kwalapha ekhaya kwe GNOME kunye ne KDE, indawo yokugcina inolwimi-pack-gnome-ru kunye nolwimi-ipack-kde-ru phakheji - uzakuzifuna ukuba usebenzisa udweliso lweenkqubo kwezi meko-bume zedesktop. Kwi-XFCE, iinguqulelo zifakelwe kunye nezicelo. Okulandelayo ungafaka izichazi-magama:

# Словари для проверки орфографии
sudo apt-get install hunspell hunspell-ru

# Тезаурус для LibreOffice
sudo apt-get install mythes-ru

# Англо-русский словарь в формате DICT
sudo apt-get install mueller7-dict

Ukongeza, ukufakela iinguqulelo kunokufuneka kwezinye iinkqubo zesicelo:

# Браузер Firefox
sudo apt-get install firefox firefox-locale-ru

# Почтовый клиент Thunderbird
sudo apt-get install thunderbird thunderbird-locale-ru

# Офисный пакет LibreOffice
sudo apt-get install libreoffice libreoffice-l10n-ru libreoffice-help-ru

На этом подготовка окружения рабочего стола завершена.

Ukuhlohla iseva ye-X2Go

Iinguqulelo ezizinzileyo zeseva ye-X2Go kunye nomxhasi unokufakwa kwindawo yokugcina yangaphandle PPA (uLondolozo lweMipakethi yoBuqu) ivuliwe Launchpad okanye ukusuka kwiindawo zokugcina ezisemgangathweni zokukhutshwa kwe-Ubuntu yangoku. Siza kugxila kwinketho yesibini, ekubeni iinguqulelo zesoftware kwimithombo yomibini ziyafana, kodwa ukuba ufuna iipakethi ezongezelelweyo, kuya kufuneka uqhagamshele indawo yokugcina umntu wesithathu. Kufuneka sifake iipakethe ezimbini:

sudo apt-get install x2goserver x2goserver-xsession

Ukuba usebenzisa imeko-bume ye-MATE okanye ye-LXDE, iipakethe ezongezelelweyo ziyakufuneka (azifuneki kwi-XFCE):

sudo apt-get install x2gomatebindings # if you use MATE/mubuntu
sudo apt-get install x2golxdebindings # if you use LXDE/lubuntu

I-icing kwikhekhe: X2Go isebenza nge-SSH kwaye ayifuni naluphi na uqwalaselo. I-VPS kufuneka ibe ne-sshd esebenzayo kunye nokufikelela kwi-port 22 kwimithetho ye-firewall. Kuba sithetha ngomncedisi wenyani, oku mhlawumbi sele kwenziwe ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Kulula ukuvula ukufikelela kude nge-SSH kumatshini obonakalayo. Konke okuseleyo kukujonga ubume beseva ye-X2Go:

sudo systemctl status x2goserver

Kukwafanelekile ukwenza umsebenzisi ongenalungelo ukuba asebenze nemeko-bume yedesktop:

sudo adduser desktopuser

Masiyongeze umsebenzisi kwiqela le-sudo ukuze akwazi ukwenza imisebenzi enxulumene nolawulo. Ukuba akukho mfuneko injalo, ungatsiba eli nyathelo:

sudo gpasswd -a desktopuser sudo

UQhagamshelwano lweDesktop

Isoftware yomxhasi weX2Go yeeWindows, Linux kunye ne-OS X iyafumaneka khuphela phezu indawo iprojekthi. Umxhasi we-Android uphantsi kophuhliso, kwaye izicelo zamahhala zeselula ezivela kwi-NoMachine azihambelani nomncedisi we-X2Go. Ukuba unobuntu obufakwe kwikhompyuter yakho yasekhaya, yongeza nje iphakheji ye-x2goclient:

sudo apt-get install x2goclient

Ukugcina iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlobo, ngeli xesha siza kuthatha umxhasi Windows:

Apha ungaqwalasela useto loqhakamshelwano, izixhobo zegalelo/imveliso, kunye nezixhobo zemultimedia.

Ukuba yonke into yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, i-desktop ye-XFCE iya kuvela emva kokudibanisa.

Ukwenza usetyenziso kwikhompyuter ekude

Ngamanye amaxesha, endaweni yemeko-bume yedesktop epheleleyo, kufuneka usebenzise usetyenziso olunzulu lwezixhobo (umzekelo, i-IDE) kwikhompyuter ekude. Akunzima ukwenza oku; khankanya nje uhlobo olufanelekileyo lweseshoni kunye nomyalelo kwizicwangciso zoqhagamshelwano.

Isikhangeli esisebenza kwiVPS ekude enoBuntu

Kukwakho ezinye iinketho ezingaqhelekanga zokusebenzisa i-X2Go: inkqubo ivumela, umzekelo, ukuqhagamshela kwiseshoni yomsebenzisi kwikhompyuter ekude (njengakwiQela leJonga). Kule meko, zombini umxumi kunye neengxenye zeseva kufuneka zifakwe kubo bobabini oomatshini. Ukongeza, akukho mfuneko yokuchaza iinkangeleko zeseshoni kumxhasi ngamnye: ungafaka kwaye uqwalasele i-x2gobroker ukuzichaza kumncedisi. Ukwenza oku kuya kufuneka udibanise indawo yokugcina umntu wesithathu ngeepakethi ezongezelelweyo.

Izibonelelo zeX2Go

Ngokungafaniyo nenkqubo ye-VNC ephezulu, i-X2Go isebenzisa iprotocol ye-NX 3 ephuculweyo yokunciphisa inani ledatha edluliselweyo. Inkqubo inomncedisi wayo we-X, ngaphandle koko, ayifuni phantse zonke izicwangciso kwaye inamandla aphambili. Sithethe kuphela kwezona zisisiseko, kodwa i-X2Go inokwenza okuninzi ngakumbi, kubandakanya ukusasaza iaudio kunye nevidiyo ukusuka kumncedisi ukuya kumxhasi, ukuprinta kumshicileli wendawo (kwiVPS kuya kufuneka ufakele iipakethe ezongezelelweyo ukuqwalasela umshicileli obonakalayo) kunye noluhlu lwabalawuli. Ukusebenzisana nomncedisi kwenzeka nge-sshd ethembekileyo kunye nexesha elivavanywayo - iindlela zokuqinisekisa ezikhuselekileyo ziyafumaneka kumsebenzisi, kubandakanywa. ngezitshixo. X2Go icwangcisa ngokuzenzekelayo okusingqongileyo xa ungena (akukho sidingo sokugcina umncedisi we X eqhuba lonke ixesha), ixhasa umsebenzi wabasebenzisi abaninzi kunye nezona ndawo zidumileyo zedesktop, kwaye ayibulali iseshoni yakho nasemva kokuba uxhulumaniso lulahlekile.

umthombo: www.habr.com